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Language and the Gay Identity, 2006.
An analysis of the importance of language in establishing a sense of identity.
1,817 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper deals with the importance of language in the formation and establishment of a gay identity. It first follows Foucault's argument (language is a place of power where social norms are constructed) and then tries to identify how language can be subverted so that gays can reassess their own sense of identity.
From the Paper
"So as to fully comprehend how a 'same-sex attracted' person can establish his/her own identity as s/he feels and senses it, we first need to see how language works, especially for those who do not seem to belong to the 'mainstream'. Indeed, what are at work within language are relations of power. What can thus be witnessed is the cultural, social and linguistic domination of one group over another. It seems that, from the beginning of humanity, men are the ones who dominate and it has been proven by feminists that women have been maintained under a linguistic yoke, among others. Suffice to think of the host of derogatory terms that can be used against women. And if we turn to 'homosexuals', we note the same phenomenon. An identity, i.e. a category, is created as less powerful - through the use of language as a system of representation - for heterosexual (men) to maintain their position of power. "
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The Identity Formation of Gays and Lesbians, 2002.
This paper examines the gay, lesbian and bisexual communities' struggles with identity issues.
3,115 words (approx. 12.5 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper is an in-depth study of the topic of identity formation and how a non-traditional sexual orientation, such as being gay or lesbian, changes the development of one's identity. The paper examines the complex process of choosing a non-traditional sexual orientation. This includes the detailing of the many stages that the individual must face, and the many years that are often involved in the search for one's identity. The author looks at many different factors in society that affect the search for identity, including family life, friends, work and employment situations, age, environment and how they can have a negative or positive affect on the individual's lifestyle choice. The role of the social worker in helping the person deal with the problems that the individual faces in both their personal and professional life is also examined in great detail.
From the Paper
"Considering general social and cultural attitudes about homosexuality, and the persistent view that the gay or lesbian identity is ?abnormal?, social workers must always be aware that many parents of homosexual individuals will feel a degree of shame at producing and rearing a "faulty" homosexual child. This is closely linked to the pressure of societal attitudes and concern with how others perceive their parenting, resulting in many parents becoming labeled with a similar socially stigmatized identity to that of their homosexual child. The social worker?s role is to understand that many of these parents are likely to be concerned with feelings of guilt and self-blame, such as ?Where did I go wrong?? or "If I had done this differently, then ... ", rather than with attempting to understand and empathize with their child's situation (Armesto, 2001). A great deal of this reaction is rooted in the family?s racial, ethnic, religious, or cultural backgrounds, which often increase the family?s anxiety and stigma with their disapproving and ?sinful? view of gays and lesbians and the mythical beliefs that they promote as the causes of homosexuality. On the issue of self-acceptance, many studies indicate that it is the individual?s network of friends, rather than the family, that plays the most significant role in gay and lesbian identity formation, indicating that the empathic understanding and support that is offered by members of the same sexual minority group, who have "walked the way", is a particularly influential and valued source of social support."
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Identity Crisis and Finding Identity in "Stand By Me", 2008.
An analysis of the theme of identity in Rob Reiner's film "Stand By Me".
1,200 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 0 sources, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the issue of identity exploration and identity commitment in the movie entitled "Stand By Me" (1986), directed by Rob Reiner. "Stand By Me" is an adventure-drama movie based on the novella "The Body" by Stephen King. The film presents the journey of four 12-year-old boys who cross the woodlands near their home to see the dead body of a boy their own age. In order to fully comprehend the characters and their dilemmas, the paper closely examines their conversations and the items that they bring on the journey . The paper concludes that the film illustrates how choosing an identity to conform to is not an easy task, for it consists of contrasting personal, cultural and social identities.
From the Paper
"First and foremost is Gordie Lachance. Gordie is a book smart child; he likes to read, write and tell stories. He lost his older brother Denny to a jeep accident four months earlier before embarking on the journey. After his older brother's death, he felt like an 'invisible child' in his family as both of his parents tend to ignore him as they had a hard time to cope with the loss of their elder son. Gordie is never his father's favorite son as his father is only interested in Denny and Denny's next football game. In addition to this, Gordie's father questions him on his choice of friends, referring to all of them as 'thieves'. Gordie also has a nightmare that portrays his elder brother's funeral and he hears his father say, "It should've been you." All this shows that Gordie has a bad relationship with his father."
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Identical and Non-identical Twins, 2008.
This paper looks at two common types of twins and one rare type.
704 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the two most common types of twins; identical and non-identical twins, also known as monozygotic and dizygotic twins. The paper looks at the differences between identical and non-identical twins. The paper then talks about a third type of twins; half-identical or polar body twins.
Outline:
What Are Twins
Types of Twins
Identical Twins
Comparing Non-Identical Twins with Identical Twins
A Third Type of Twinning
From the Paper
"In a normal pregnancy, a single baby develops in the uterus of the mother. In very special circumstances, two and sometimes even more babies develop simultaneously in the mother's uterus. This is called a multiple pregnancy. Twins are two babies in a multiple pregnancy. Twins are considered very special and present a fascination for science and society. In the fields of psychology and sociology, there is a special subfield called "twin studies". Twins studies are especially important in the search for answers to the nature vs. nurture question. What is the most important factor in human development: genetics (nature) or environment (nurture)?"
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The Nature of Identity, 2002.
A discussion on identity - how it is formed and judged, with a focus on racial identity, gender identity and class identity.
1,380 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper shows how a sense of identity is developed and how this identity is then judged by the individual to create their level of self-esteem. The paper examines the three aspects of race, class and gender, with a focus on how this impacts self-esteem and how it creates an individual's identity.
From the Paper
"Identity is a characteristic that defines a person and impacts everything they do, from the relationships they form, to the work they do and everything in between. Identity is the one characteristic of an individual that remains with them at all times, whether they are alone, socializing, working or with their families. Identity is a constant companion of an individual and determines how they see themselves and how they feel about themselves. This first part is self-image, the second part is self-esteem which is defined as one of the key components of an individuals personality (Seamon & Kenrick 398)."
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Identity Theft, 2006.
This paper examines the topic of identity fraud and identity theft, which is currently the fastest growing crime in America.
2,615 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper defines identity theft as a crime that is committed in which someone wrongfully obtains and uses the personal information of someone else. This paper explores this particular problem and its impact on society. This paper details the various methods of identity theft. The reports of incidence most frequently involve the withdrawal of money from a personal bank or financial account, while the worst cases involve completely pilfered identities, with vast debts accumulated and crimes committed in the victim's name. This paper delves into published reports which claim that identity fraud is the fastest growing crime in the U.S., with over 9.9 million victims reported. The writer discusses the flaws in technology that enable computer hackers to obtain one's personal information as well as the available strategies to thwart this growing problem. This paper details the workings behind mandatory internet service provider coverage, which is among the most feasible solutions to the problem of identity fraud. This paper also examines various cases involving identity theft and fraud, including that of ChoicePoint, who recently announced that the personal information of 145,000 members had been stolen by thieves.
From the Paper
"The use of privacy software by the ISPs would establish an early wall of protection and an immediate source of blame; for example, in the case of the Lowe's security breach, while hackers were at fault for committing the actions, the wireless networking system that made the whole so gaping a twenty year old in a Grand Prix could step through it suggests a critical lack of responsibility on behalf of the service provider as reflected in their software. The May 10 Hearings on Identity Theft and Data Broker Services, as documented by the Sensenbrenner Advocates Watchdog for Judiciary lobby group would suggest that the Federal Government agrees. Testimonies included Kurt Sanford, President and C.E.O at LexisNexis, Douclas Curling, President and CEO at ChoicePoint, Jennifer Barret, the Chief Privacy Officer at Axcom, and Mark Rotenberg, President and executive Director at Electronic Privacy Information Center, among others."
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Jewish Identity, 2007.
An overview of Jewish identity that shows how Jewish identity has changed over the years and identifies the forces responsible for this.
1,244 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the general concept of identity and then examines Jewish identity in particular. The paper relates that Jews had always regarded themselves as God's "chosen people" while the negative Jewish identity of a "treacherous," "vile" and "wrong headed" people was created during the rise of Christianity. The paper looks at Jewish identity in the Middle Ages and notes the better treatment under Muslims than under the Christians. The paper discusses Jewish identity in modern times and identifies enlightenment, anti-Semitism and Zionism as the most influential forces on modern Jewish identity.
Outline:
The Concept of Identity
Jewish Identity: An Overview
From the Paper
"The question of Jewish identity, or the way in which Jews perceive themselves and how others view them, has not been easy to answer for most parts of Jewish history. This is mainly because Jews are not easily categorized. They are not a race as they do not share a common ancestry and people of different races have become Jews over the years. They are neither a nationality, having been dispersed throughout the world for over two thousand years. Even as a religion, Judaism is not a pure religious faith like Christianity or Islam, since it has an ethnic dimension and it does not easily assimilate outsiders."
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American Identity and Colonialism, 2002.
This paper traces the evolution of America's identity using elements of the musical 1776. It concentrates on the Founding Fathers and their drive for freedom and the large role that an American identity played in independence.
960 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper uses extensive information about colonial America and discusses the issue of an American identity. Analysis of the film 1776 and Thomas Paine?s Common Sense is used to demonstrate the strength of this identity. The thesis is as follows: As the film 1776 clearly demonstrates, during the American Revolution an American identity was stronger than it had ever been.
From the paper:
"Early American colonies were viewed as very individual and indeed in many instances had much closer ties to England than they did with each other. However, ties with England began to fray due to the poor of the colonies by England. Early examples of this were the Navigation Acts of 1660, which regulated commerce and ensured that ?everything went through England.? From this time, an American identity began to form. As tensions between England and the colonies grew stronger other factors arose to further the development of an American identity. ?Choice? in shopping and material possessions and the ?standardization of consumer behavior? (similar goods being available throughout the colonies ) enhanced unity throughout America. As the film 1776 clearly demonstrates, during the American Revolution an American identity was stronger than it had ever been."
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Identity in Complex Societies, 2003.
A look at how individuals develop gender identity as well as how this identity is formed with reference to models such as those of Freud and Erikson.
1,707 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how formation and sustainment of identity in society is dependant on the theory of the sociologist. It shows how there is a general agreement that it develops from an individual?s childhood and also depends on how influential parents and peers are especially throughout adolescence. It discusses how the development of gender can be seen as starting out as biological with parents treating the child as the sex their hormones and chromosomes have determined and how the environment and culture could change this. It looks at how this can lead to the emergence of transsexuals in society who think their ?true? gender is not their biological one.
From the Paper
"Other factors such as nationality also lead to an individual?s identity. Jean Phinney (1989) carried out a study on ethnic minority groups in the United States. She found that ethnic identity develops during adolescence starting with a lack of concern of their nationality followed by curiosity in their group?s history and customs which leads to a sense of belonging to their group and a development of distinct ethnic self-concept. Phinney found that this differed on the individual and it is also possible that others in society influence this. For example if the mainstream group in which the minority lives amongst in society celebrates certain customs the minority group may also take part in these possibly due to degrees of commerciality in contemporary society."
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The Identity of the Colonists in the Early 18th Century?, 1999.
A look at how the forming of a truly American identity was a gradual process, and how this identity was apparent as being separate from the English identity during the period approaching the American revolution.
896 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 31.95
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From the Paper
"The first English colonists knew nothing but the English society and its fundamentals, but by the eighteenth century the colonists had developed their own, truly unique American identity. The inherent differences between England and North America played a part in this eventual separation. But nearing the close of the eighteenth century, the grievances of not only the radicals and the common people, but of the American equivalent of the aristocracy against the English were apparent. The forming of a truly American identity was a gradual process, but this identity was apparent as being separate from the English identity approaching the revolution.
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European Identity, 2004.
An analysis of the problems facing the European Union regarding a national identity.
2,163 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the difficulty of the establishment of a European identity, questioning whether any European identity can be formed at all. The paper explains that the present union consists of a large number of member states and all these states have existed for a long time and have distinct national identities. The paper examines the basic question of whether a European demos and identity can be formed and how that will compete with the existing national identities. The paper also questions whether a "new" European identity will change the national identities and if so, how much of a change is really required. The paper presents the belief that the nature of identity for Europe cannot be the same as a national identity, as the nations have been formed through struggle for recognition for a particular culture, history, language and identity.
Outline
Introduction
Policy Making & Agenda Setting
Enlargement
A European Constitution
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The formation of nations can be started from the top of society by the elites, or through different types of social movements or other organized action. In all cases the start of a separate nation involves recognition for a particular national community in the world around the community. This recognition is received by the people who are a part of the group, or are made a part of the group. For Europe to be viewed as a nation, there has to be recognition of some unique features of being a European, and that has to be of history, culture and language. This has to be recognized by the Europeans. The search for cultural unity has to be combined with a search for the unique and separate features of Europe so that the Europeans can distinguish themselves from non-Europeans. This makes it unlikely that there will be a European identity similar to that of a nation. Instead one has to look for a European identity that can exist above the national identity."
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Sociology, Psychology and Identity, 2006.
Examines the social and psychological concept of identity.
1,725 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
Sociology refers to the scientific study of society, while psychology refers to the study of individuals. However, psychology can be aptly described as the study of the mind. Conventionally, "identity" was a personal quality. Erik Erikson, personality psychologist, discovered the term 'identity crisis' in the framework of personal human development when he talked about the ontological suspicions facing the adolescent self. This term, however, got shifted to sociology by taking into account the personal characteristics of groups. This paper explores the concept of identity with regard to youth, human behavior and work place behaviors.
Paper Outline:
Social and Psychological Concept of Identity
Identity in Relation to Youth
Identity in Relation to Human Behavior
Identity in Relation to Human Behavior in the World of Work
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Every adolescent tries to find his identity. Adolescence is a psychological phase as well as a socio-cultural phenomenon. Three theorists focus on the identity of youth. Erikson, through the ego-psychological theory, deals with youth as a stage of identity crisis. Marcia relates identity with the obligations of later adolescence: work, occupation, political orientation and he differentiate diverse kinds of types or typologies of adolescents. Erich Fromm concentrates on the socialization of an individual from the viewpoint of his or her struggle for independence; according to him, each individual tries to generate his own identity."
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Theme of Hidden Identity in the Film "Europa Europa", 2001.
A look at the identity crisis of the central character in "Europa Europa" who is forced to hide his Jewish identity.
1,355 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 0 sources, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This essay looks at the central character Solomon Perel in "Europa Europa" who has to hide his Jewish identity from the Nazi party and the identity conflict he needs to come to terms with.
From the Paper
"Solly claims that his earliest memory is that of his ritualistic circumcision as an infant. Although it makes sense chronologically to place this scene at the beginning of the film, the fact that it is indeed the first major scene is an interesting one. At first, it does not seem as if Solly?s circumcision seems to make sense in conjunction with the rest of the autobiographical story, as the main focus of the film is on his adolescent years during the reign of the Nazi party in Germany and throughout Europe. However, it is this scene that connects the entire film, for he cannot escape this physical fact that is a defining symbol of his Jewish culture and beliefs. Also, it is this major event in Solly?s life that indeed haunts him throughout his teen years while struggling to survive. Because his circumcision is so deeply instilled as a pivotal part of his overall identity, it is increasingly difficult to escape from it. The sheer fact that Solly?s circumcision as an infant is a crucial part of his early memories demonstrates how it affects his entire life. If it were not for the fact that he was circumcised, then perhaps he would not have felt so anxious about hiding his entire identity. In fact, it is this physical characteristic which would give away his entire charade completely, for during this time period, the only European men who had been circumcised were Jewish. Although it seems ironic that Solly?s earliest memory is that of his circumcision, this event is truly a defining moment in his life, especially when dealing with his cultural identity."
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Identity and Sexuality, 2006.
This paper examines how sexual identity helps to define one's identity regardless of sexual orientation.
1,765 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper explores how one's sexual identity begins to develop at an early age but may differ greatly depending on gender and culture. This paper also explores the role the social environment plays in the development of a sexual identity. This paper also discusses the term sexual orientation which presumes a person aligns themselves with certain categorical labels such as heterosexual, homosexual or lesbian.
From the Paper
"Sexual identity varies so greatly from person to person and depends on so many factors and circumstances. Some people may not know their sexual identity for man years, largely due to social pressures and fears. It is important for people to understand that sexual identity does not have to remain aligned to any sexual preference for all their lives."
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Personal Identity and the Soul, 2008.
An overview of two different concepts of the soul as determinants of personal identity.
1,729 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper explores two possible ways of reaching the concept of the soul as a constituent or determiner of personal identity; a) as a result of empirical evidence, and b) as an assumption on which a theory of personal identity can be built. Both pose problems for the soul criterion of personal identity. Firstly, the paper argues that a posteriori concept of the soul is invariably tied to psycho-physical continuity, making the soul useless in determining identity beyond the scope of psychological and physical analyses of personal identity over time. Secondly, the paper suggests that an a priori definition of the soul constitutes ad hoc for the personal identity problem. Finally, the paper assesses whether a sensible view of the soul might be reached through the theory of subjective or "flexible" survival and the use of faith rather than logic.
Outline:
A Posteriori Soul
A Priori Soul
Desire and the Unobservable
Conclusions
From the Paper
"The position against unobservability can be found through faith. Theists could make the claim that even though God cannot be observed through the senses, we can be aware of its existence and perhaps even its nature. Why, then, should we be oblivious to the nature of the soul, if it seems to have similar properties? This could be explained in terms of a "sixth sense", a kind of "soul detector". The claim of being able to perceive "auras" or "spirits" are not uncommon, albeit usually discredited. A case could be put forward in which "faith" is the inherent quality that human beings have to observe or experience otherwise unobservable things. This view, however, leans towards ad hoc. Nonetheless, the claim that belief in the soul criterion, as is the case with the belief in God, is a matter of faith and not of logic is widely held, particularly by religious people."
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