| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "KLM AIR FRANCE MERGER": |
|
|
|
KLM and Air France Merger, 2004.
An analysis of the recent merger of the two major airlines, KLM and Air France.
3,756 words (approx. 15.0 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 103.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper begins by suggesting that the formation of the European Union opened new opportunities for companies in the region to form bonds and expand their businesses. The paper looks at the effect the merger will have on airline ticket prices overall and the viability of the smaller, no-frills airlines. The writer also explores the effect on the market of the apparently contradictory actions of the EU commissioners at the time of the merger to assess the timing of the approval of the AirFrance/KLM merger and determine what the role of the regulatory bodies might have been in the final result for the air travel industry and its stakeholders.
From the Paper
"With the merger of Air France and KLM, Europe?s second and fourth largest carriers. Europe will be home to the world?s largest airline in terms of revenue. Historically, mergers of this kind have benefited shareholders; they have not benefited many other stakeholders including employees and smaller competitors. (Kim and Singal, 1993) With an avowed intention to become the largest airline in the world, low-coast carrier Ryanair stands to be one of the smaller companies hurt by this merger, as does another no-frills airline, easyJet. The merger was approved by the commissioners of the European Union prior to the very recent and substantial changes made in the way such mergers are viewed and approved, or not. In addition, the merger was approved on the heels of an Air France complaint about tax usage in indirect support of Ryanair?s hub at Charleroi Airport, serving Brussels."
| |
|
The Acquisition of France Telecom S.A and Orange Plc, 2002.
The merger and acquisition between two European Telecommunication companies
3,260 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 93.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This report consist of six parts -
The first part briefly analyzes the market position of sample cross-border acquisition companies: France Telecom and Orange Plc and finds out their pre-acquisition industry aspect.
Second part determines the motives for merger and acquisition of these two companies. How synergy plays an important role in this stage.
Third part finds out the respective strategies each company adopted, how acquirer uses proper tactics to takeover other one and how the vulnerable company defenses its position. Within this, the report also presents the decision making that why the Board of Directors of the target company would accept the bid.
Fourth part reviews the possible methods that the companies could use to finance the merger or acquisition.
Fifth part analyzes the market share movement in terms of pre-merger, during merger, and post-merger. And also according to the chart to find out if the merger or acquisition benefits to shareholders.
Final part discusses the possible factors besides the market share movement that influence shareholder wealth. In some extent analyze if the merger or acquisition served to help the maximization of shareholder wealth.
Table of Contents
Executive summary
Introduction
An overview of the pre-merger market positions
Motives for the merger and acquisition
The defences and attack strategies
Financing methods of merger and acquisition
Share price analysis
Evaluation of merger and acquisition
Conclusion
Reference
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Market power exists when the firm can sell its products over the existing competitive market price or when its manufacturing, distribution, and service costs are lower than competitors?. Michael A. H. Jeffrey S. H. R. Duane I. (P151, 2001) argued that the effectiveness of decisions made and actions taken result in the firm developing market power in terms of both revenues and costs. Market power is a product of the firms? size, the degree of sustainability of its current competitive advantages, and its ability to make decisions today that will yield new competitive advantages for tomorrow."
| |
|
?France Against Herself?, 2002.
A review of the book "France against Herself: A Perceptive Study of France's Past, Her Politics, and Her Unending Crises" by Herbert Leuthy.
1,432 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 47.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines the above book and assesses the arguments of the author on some of the issues then dominating French colonial policy. It looks at how the French colonial policy 1945-46 was irresponsible in that it made promises and raised expectations among colonial peoples that were impractical based on liberal ideologies rather than on real world facts. It analyzes how the French colonial policy in North Africa was totally unrealistic and impossible to hold on to and how with the barrier of religious belief, Arab Muslims could never become Frenchmen.
From the Paper
"Ultimately, what France wanted from her various colonies was that they simply become French in their thinking, their attitude, and their loyalties. "What France expected from 'greater France' was the production of Frenchmen; French citizens in the future, but here and now French soldiers" (Leuthy 216). Thus, the policy of 1945-46 did not address the possibilities of disenfranchisement of the colonies; rather it stated that these colonies would not desire or need disenfranchisement. However, this was both unrealistic and mistimed. After the Second World War, the policy of colonization was generally recognized as pass?, but the French could not seem to give up their dreams of united Frenchman located around the globe."
| |
|
France, 2002.
An insight into France and its position in the international market.
1,435 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper considers how one of the oldest countries in Europe, France, has long been a key trading partner with other nations, particularly those in Western Europe and North America. It looks at how today, France is seen as one of the more important markets within the European Union and American companies considering expanding operations to France need to evaluate the political, demographic and business environment within France before making the commitment to market there. It shows how France is an attractive market for American companies because it is a country which does not have significant trade barriers, because its work force and consumers are highly educated and because its political system is stable.
From the Paper
"Although French unions are considered to be powerful, membership in unions has declined to approximately half of that in the United States. However, French law is much more rigorous about the relationship which exists between unions and employers than American law. For example, employee delegates to unions serve one-year terms in companies with more than 10 employees. These delegates can present individual or collective issues to the employer, and they can inform the government of any violations of labor law. Reorganization of the work week by management must also be discussed with the delegate. To some degree, this delegate is the French counterpart of the shop steward in American firms (Ellison, 1999, p. 4)."
| |
|
Air Pollution In Buenos Aires, 2006.
This brief, yet concise, paper examines the lack of regulations and enforcement capabilities in Buenos Aires which are the main contributing factors in the high levels of air pollution in the city.
720 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 25.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The writer of this paper describes the escalating air pollution problem in Buenos Aires, mostly due to the increase in poorly maintained automobiles that are permitted to operate. This paper examines the increase in mortality rates due to respiratory and circulatory diseases which are a direct result of declining air quality. This paper also discusses the various strategies that the government and environmental groups are considering instituting in the Argentinean capital, which include spot controlling of diesel vehicles as well as a training and awareness campaign.
Table of Contents:
Sources of Air Pollution In Buenos Aires
Emissions of Pollutants in Buenos Aires
Air Quality Monitoring in Buenos Aires
Conclusions
References
From the Paper
"In 1988 estimated emissions of particulates were 68,000 tons per annum, stationary sources being responsible for 96% of emissions in the early eighties. These sources were given 5 years to comply with strict guidelines aimed at reducing emissions. The imposed reductions have been met by industry, however the particulate problem remains. Probably caused by the fleet of poorly maintained diesels. To resolve this problem several measures have been introduced including Spot control of diesel vehicles, certification of distributed diesel oils and a training and awareness campaign especially for truck, taxi and bus owners."
| |
|
HSBC Holdings Acquisition of Credit Commercial de France (CCF), 2002.
An analysis of the proposed HSBC Holdings acquisition of Credit Commercial de France (CCF).
1,820 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In early-April 2000, HSBC Holdings PLC agreed to acquire a majority holding in Credit Commercial de France (CCF). The proposed merger of the two banking firms is analyzed in this paper. The analysis focuses on strategic choices made by HSBC in developing its acquisition strategy, motivations by both firms for the merger, a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) analysis of the proposed merger, analysis of the proposed merger within the context of Porter?s Five-Forces Model of Competitiveness and challenges that will be faced by HSBC in relation to differences in corporate cultures should the merger be completed.
From the Paper
"A major motivation for HSBC to acquire CCF was to dilute the company?s risk exposure in the Asian market (considered by HSBC management to be highly volatile) by increasing the company?s presence in the European banking industry ("S&P Affirms HSBC Holdings Plc," 2000).
CCF, a successful but medium-sized company, has been a takeover target for larger financial institutions in Europe for more than a year. The suitors and their proposals, however, were not attractive to CCF management. Realizing that acquisition was probable sooner rather than later, CCF management was amenable to an acquisition proposal that addressed their own needs and those of CCF shareholders. The HSBC offer, which came as a surprise, met each of these requirements and has been recommended to CCF shareholders by the CCF board ("HSBC ?a Major Player in Europe,?" 2000). Job losses at CCF, as an example, are expected to be minimal in an HSBC-CCF merger."
| |
|
The Nazi Occupation of Poland and France, 2007.
This paper examines WWII and the differences in the way the Nazis treated their subjects after their invasions of Poland and France.
3,315 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 94.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper stresses that many of Germany's policies in both Poland and France during the occupation were similar as far as the Jewish population was concerned; however, the people of France clearly showed more willingness to cooperate with these policies than the Poles, despite the fact that Poland had a much larger Jewish population, in both numbers and per capita, than France. The author further points out that the Germans systematically destroyed the economy of Poland for the solitary purpose of helping the German war effort; whereas, the Germans gave many resources to the French economy to help reestablish it after the devastation from WWI. The paper relates that, in the sphere of government, France was given autonomy through the Vichy government, whereas the Poles, seen as nothing better than pack animals, barely more worthy of life than Jews, were given no such autonomy.
From the Paper
"One of the first actions of the German administration of Northern France was to try to make the region economically stable again. This was not done out of the goodness of the Nazis' hearts, but rather because France could become a valuable factory for war material and food. This area of France was also where the proposed invasion of Britain, "Operation Sealion", was to be launched. The iron, steel, and other natural resource industries were nationalized in order to give the Germans better control. In order to try to prevent wartime inflation and shortages, price controls were instituted."
| |
|
Decentralisation in France, 2002.
An outline of the principal advantages of and obstacles to decentralisation in France.
3,282 words (approx. 13.1 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 94.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses how France has remained far more centralised than many of its European neighbours and seeks to explain why this is so. It considers a number of factors including its highly divided social and political history and attitudes towards state power. It also explores the recent growth in decentralisation in France and attempts to reveal that while France has benefited from decentralisation in several areas, it has been unable to commit fully to the process due to a number of inherent obstacles which derive from a ?cultural and historical legacy? that has been responsible for France?s highly centralised nature.
From the Paper
"One of the key reasons behind France?s long history of centralisation is that of its highly divided political values. It is generally accepted that the more a society is divided the more likely it is to have a centralised government and vice versa. In a homogenous society with shared interests and values it can be assumed that it is safe to allow decentralisation, yet this has certainly not been the case in France (at least until the late 1960s) where the government and its opposition have been completely split throughout much of France?s history. Logically, it then follows that the French government would be less enthusiastic for decentralisation as it may have allowed for a loss of power to opposition parties."
| |
|
France and England in the Middle Ages, 2002.
A discussion of why England achieved centralized power in the Middle Ages and why France became more powerful than England in the 13th century.
1,362 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines how both France and England vied to become the most powerful monarchies in Europe and how throughout the 13th and 14th century, wars for land and supremacy were fought until each became a power in its own right. It focuses on the questions of how England achieved centralized power much faster than France, due to the political and territorial layout of the country and how France become more powerful than England in the 13th century due to the leadership of Louis the IX and other events culminating in the signing of the Magna Carta in 1215 which forced the English king to relinquish much of his power.
From the Paper
"The King of France was only able to achieve centralized leadership through territorial sovereignty through inheritance, marriage and finally war. This was not an easy task because there was a great deal of loyalty within the cities and they supported their local jurisdictions. The problem was finally resolved when the Crown allowed regional powers to maintain some of their local customs and laws but was governed by a selected official of the Crown.
But France had to struggle with the clergy and issues that would affect them as well as the constituency. They never quite achieved the level of support for royal initiatives from the church that was needed to perpetuate the Crown as a central authority."
| |
|
Decline of France?, 2004.
This paper is a literature review seeking an answer to the question: Has France declined?
2,595 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses that, in the areas of the arts and politics, France surely was an able leader; but today, unemployment is at 10 percent and rising, the national debt has doubled in eight years, and the country has fallen to tenth position in the European Union for income per capita. The author points out three main arguments on the causes of the decline of France: the chaotic history up to the end of decolonization; the domestic confusion caused by lost opportunities and mistaken choices since 1970; and the months after French President Jacques Chirac's re-election in May 2002 with 82 per cent of the vote, followed by some of the worst economic statistics since the war. The paper concludes that France, like every other country, has its good and bad points, successes and failures; other Western nations, including Britain and the United States, need to do some internal cleaning as well.
From the Paper
"Further, in a Time magazine article ?From Decline to Renewal? Stanley Hoffman quotes what he considers a still-relevant quote by President Charles De Gaulle. He invoked "old France, overburdened by history, bruised by wars and revolutions, moving endlessly from grandeur to decline and back, but regenerated, century after century, by the genius for renewal." The article then notes that France, which was so devastated by World War II occupation, has to be commended on its reconstruction, industrial revolution along with the modernization of the country?s agriculture."
| |
|
E-Commerce In France, 2002.
Addresses the issues in setting up an internet business site in France.
1,175 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 40.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
A recent survey showed that more than 4 million people in France are connected to the internet. The paper explains that this growing number suggests that France is a suitable market to establish an E-Commerce business. The paper discusses a business plan of establishing an internet presence to sell adventure tours in France to overseas clients.
From the Paper
"It is estimated in our plan that we will need an initial employee base of 12 (including sales technicians) and this is six more than would be needed in America to do the same job. The reason for the difference is the 35-hour workweek, a reality that is hard to achieve in the Internet field. One solution to this problem is to have our French partner handle the hiring and firing, since he will be more fluent with the language and more aware of the intent and the letter of the law. This is based on the fact that many laws and regulations can be bypassed if the right fees are paid in the most discrete ways."
| |
|
Fashion and France, 2004.
This paper discusses the country factors of France, which is considered the epicenter of the fashion industry.
1,130 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that, despite today?s globalized fashion industry, individual country factors, including the relative stability of the country, its political organization, its administrative structure, and its legislative and judiciary systems, play a role in the health of the fashion industry within that nation. The author relates that the overall affect of the political organization of France has many of the stabilizing components similar to that of the United States, which are proven necessary for an individual nation's stability; therefore, the likelihood of France remaining stable governmentally in the next ten years is on par with the United States. The paper concludes that France is equally likely to continue to be a comfortable ?seat? for the fashion industry.
From the Paper
"A further distinction of the French judiciary is that it has two main branches that divide cases between administrative types (involving government), and the normal civil and criminal cases. As a further ?check and balance? measure, judges in the criminal, civil, and administrative courts cannot be removed from their positions without ?cause? by the executive or legislative branches of government. Further, like the United States system, the French judiciary refers all appellate cases through a system of higher courts, all the way up to the ?supreme court-like? Council of State (founded by Napoleon Bonaparte), which further oversees the legality of governmental decisions."
| |
|
Television Media in France, 2006.
This paper explores television media in France and how it has changed over time.
1,817 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper discusses the development of the television media in France and examines the ownership of the television channels, including the role of the government in controlling the television media. The paper looks at the program content, such as the different genres of shows featured on television including which are most popular and offers examples of specific television shows and their ratings. The writer illustrates this and notes how the phenomenal rise distinctly reflects the mushrooming of available channels. The paper also provides a brief comparison of the similarity between the television content in France and America.
Contents:
Development of the Television Media in France
Ownership
The role of the Government in Controlling the Television Media
The Program Content...
Examples of Specific Television Shows and Their Ratings
Recent Developments in the Television Media...
A Brief Comparison...
From the Paper
"Ever since the dawn of television since the initial part of 1970, broadcasting in France was controlled by a public service culture and an administrative philosophy. Under the strict administration of the Minister of Information, and subsequently of Culture and sometimes of Communication, broadcasting was managed by a single functionary, the Office of French Radio and Television -- ORTF. Till 1968, the body was fully funded by license fees and enjoyed the status of a unique triple monopoly on signal transmission, programming content and production. Commercial broadcasting was disallowed on the justification that it would result in mediocre programming or disparities among viewers. This initial phase of broadcasting was marked by extremely high authoritarian broadcasting and television was considered as a tool for promotion of culture and education and was not believed to fulfill the preferences of the majority. Accountability was absent and little audience research. Government used the medium to justify its political moves and controlled news content. President Georges Pompidou declared in 1970 that the television was the voice of people of France at home and overseas implying that television was supposed to symbolize the opinion of the legitimate Government and the cultural resources of the French nation."
| |
|
Immigrant Integration in France, 2007.
This paper explores the racial divide in France between North African Muslims and French mainstream society.
1,338 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper discusses how the problem facing North African Muslim immigrants in France is one of both social stigma and economic disability. The paper describes how an unsympathetic government combined with the plight of misinformed French citizenry has caused a near breaking point between the relationships of immigrants and the mainstream populace. The paper shows how the current terrorism and fear of Islamic fundamentalism has had a profound effect on efforts at immigration integration. The paper asserts that France must take further steps to promote greater economic and political incentives for immigrant integration, or else they will face worse problems than rioting within their national borders.
From the Paper
"North African Muslims is the largest sector of immigrants within France, the majority of them came during the migration of World War I from such countries as Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia. According to statistics, almost 25% of the total population of inner Paris are immigrants and 14% of the metropolitan area in general. There are over three million North African Muslims living in France according to recent demographic studies. The composition of North African immigrants is contrary to traditional models and the problems they face are unconventional as well."
| |
|
France and Operation Iraqi Freedom, 2004.
This paper takes France's side as to why the country did not take part in Operation Iraqi Freedom.
1,498 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains why France did not join in the war against Iraq. It discusses the economic reason for this decision, as well as France's national objectives. The writer takes the opinion that the war was wrong in Iraq and explains why the U.S. really went to war.
From the Paper
"When Operation Iraqi Freedom began, the United States seemed to be at war with not just Iraq, but France too. But this was not a war fought on battlefields, instead a war over words and ideals. France believed that the U.S. had no part in stepping in against Iraq and their leader, Saddam Hussein. Realistically, the United States had no choice but to disregard the French people. In going to war in Iraq, the United States stepped up to a challenge that the French were unwilling to, but were the French right in going against actions in Iraq?"
|
|
|
