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The Key to Russia?s Economic Crisis, 2006.
A paper explaining how to solve Russia's continuing and deepening economic crisis.
2,577 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the key to solving Russia's economic crisis lies in promoting the country's raw materials industries and in allowing Western investment resources to target these industries. The paper also points out that hard line Communists still in power and the great degree of corruption within the Russian government are the primary obstacles to Russia's economic success. The paper describes the ruinous condition of Russia's economy and what measures must be undertaken in order to pull the country out of the dark ages of Communism and into a modern western style free market economy.
From the Paper
"About ten years ago, there were no market features in the Russian economy at all. There was no capital market, money market, forex, etc. Yelstin has changed the situation drastically. Today, Russia has a private economy, which is comparable with the state economy. There is still a large portion of industries, such as the raw materials industries and of course transportation, which are state controlled monopolies. However, the main problem in Russia is to avoid a turn back, to Socialism with total government control of the economy."
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temporarily unavailable
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Economic Reform in Russia, 2002.
An examination of recent economic reforms in Russia and their ramifications.
1,410 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the reforms taken on by the Russian government in the past decade which have been named "Economic Shock Therapy". It provides background information about the Soviet economy before the reforms and examines whether these had any impact on growth in the markets. It also looks at how similar reforms were performed in Poland and compares the results.
From the Paper
"Since 1992, Russia has undergone a complex process of economic transition. It is a process that has been made more difficult due to the lack of theoretical and practical guidelines on the problem of transforming a communist command economy into an open capitalist one. All the existing theories on such a transformation tended to focus on the reform of rural subsistence economies, rather than on an industrially developed one, such as Russia. Yet, despite the absence of an effective economic blueprint, the state of the Russian economy, at that time, was such that the Yeltsin government was required to take action quickly, in order to save the country from economic ruin."
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Economics in Russia from 1990 through 1993, 1994.
This paper discusses economics in Russia after the breakup of the Soviet Union (1990 through 1993): Republic's industry, production, inflation, policy, taxes, trade, stabilization, role of govt., money supply, leadership, reform and future. Charts.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 6 sources, $ 103.95
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From the Paper
"Since the breakup of the Soviet Union into individual nations, the region's economies have undergone severe changes. Centralized planning and state ownership of nearly all factors of production has given way to increased privatization. The region has witnessed some individuals who have made sizable profits as a result of the new policies, while other individuals have seen their standards of living decrease. The result is that the various nations are scrambling to establish monetary and fiscal policies that can help the various nations emerge from the 70 years of socialism and centralized planning into a new era. In the early years of the 1990s, the region witnessed high levels of inflation, economic disruption and upheaval, and increased scrutiny by outside economic forces, including the International ... "
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Russian Financial Crisis 1998: A Self-made Crisis, 2002.
A paper that covers the financial crisis that hit Russia in August 1998.
4,694 words (approx. 18.8 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 120.95
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Abstract
This paper contains an analysis of factors, both internal and external, that caused the financial crisis in Russia in 1988. The main argument of the paper is that the main causes of the crisis originated from inside. The monetary system that the Russian government created after the fall of the USSR failed to provide a stable channel for the implementation of an adequate monetary policy. The paper shows that the banking system was ill-designed and corrupt, mainly serving as a channel for government funds to favored industries. Finally, the paper shows that the extreme usage of government debt (often for the personal benefit of the Russian officials) was the factor that shut the whole economy down. Bonds were printed like paper, which is unsustainable even in the short-run.
Table of Contents:
A Self-made Crisis
Fake Monetary System
The Banks that Weren?t
Russian FIGs
A Pyramid of Bonds
The Fall of the Babylon
The Responsibility
Works Cited
From the Paper
"In 1998 Russia was hit by a large-scale financial crisis. The bad news of Russian default (or payment suspension) in August 1998 was one of the primary concerns of almost all Russian and western media. The events and outcomes of the crisis were relatively similar to the ones that took place in Asia in 1997 or, more recently, in Argentina (the latter has recently defaulted on the largest government debt in history). These amounted, but were not limited to: national currency being largely devaluated, collapse of the banking system, and political unrest resulting in dramatic changes in the government."
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Energy Crisis Causes Governor Crisis, 2002.
An overview of the Californian energy crisis and its impact on the Governer's hopes for re-election.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the recent energy crisis in California and how that affects the Governor and his hopes for re-election. A chronological explanation of the crisis is provided as well as some thoughts about the political problems this is going to cause for the governor in the future.
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Russia and China?s Economic Reform, 2005.
Compares Russia and China's economic reform in the 1990's.
4,520 words (approx. 18.1 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 117.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the economic reforms and the results of those reforms of both Russia and China during the 1990s and analyzes why Russia's economy has made a dismal performance whereas China's has emerged successful. The paper explains that Russia tried a "shock" approach to economic reforms, while China took a more gradual approach to reforms and, perhaps this fundamental difference in approach is the primary reason that one country has done well while the other has suffered. The paper also consider the historical conditions of each country and how these conditions influenced the outcome of the economic reforms as well as how the differences in the allocation of resources affected the economic reforms and their outcome.
Introduction
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Ever since the beginning of 1990s, the attention of the world has been concentrated on the persistently emerging relationship between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China. Much has been authored on the costs and benefits of such relationship and the prevailing analysis already tends to support China as one of the dominating states to come out in the coming decades in comparison to Russia. (Russia and China: Business Partners, Weary Neighbors) Hopefulness over the market restructuring of Russia wiped out with the crash of August 1998, when the ruble depreciated by 70 percent of its value and banks could not settle the debts and endorse currency contracts. In contradiction to the reform assurances by Yeltsin, the Russian economy of the 1990s more closely resembled a Soviet model than a market driven one. (The Logic of Economic Reform in Russia) "
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Economic and Political Progress in Russia, 2002.
A look at the challenges facing Russia's economy and political structure.
3,400 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 7 sources, $ 124.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Russia as facing the greatest challenge in the transition from plan to market. It might even be argued that Russia faces the greatest political and economic challenge the world has ever known. As the mother of communism, Russia was longer steeped in its tenets than its satellite states. And as a geo-political behemoth, creating social consensus and moving towards democratic consolidation has always been next to impossible. In the end, Russia is an un-natural economic and political unit. To present, this has made success impossible, and more of the same can be expected in the future. Russia's next leader will inherit a legacy that is unwieldy, corrupt, bankrupt (morally and financially), and almost doomed to failure. Only if you have the hands of a magician, Mr. Primakov, can you make something of this disaster.
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Economic Transition In China And Russia, 1999.
Examines and compares economic and political liberalization in nations once purely communistic.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 6 sources, $ 103.95
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Abstract
Both Russia and China have experienced radical economic, social and political change in recent years, characterized by a previously nonexistent warming in attitude toward the philosophies of capitalism and democracy in each country. At one point Russia and China's institutions were fully based on communistic principles.
From the Paper
"Introduction:
Both Russia and China have experienced radical economic, social and political change in recent years, characterized by a previously nonexistent warming in attitude toward the philosophies of capitalism and democracy in each country. At one point Russia and China's institutions were fully based on communistic principles. The difference between absolute communism and absolute capitalism, though vast and varied in consequence, really boils down to property rights.
Quite simply, the privileges of ownership are accompanied by the powers to set prices, form incentives and determine resource allocation (Carson, part 1, 168). Both countries have now evolved into more market-based systems. In some respects their paths have run parallel. In others, the course has been ..."
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An Economic Analysis Eastern Europe and Russia, 2002.
Looks at Eastern Europe's and Russia's transition from socialism to capitalism by comparing and contrasting both types of systems.
5,150 words (approx. 20.6 pages), 12 sources, $ 187.95
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Abstract
There can be no doubt that the study of the transitional states of Eastern Europe and Russia pose an interesting case for economic analysis. The challenges that face these countries can only be understood through a synthesis of capitalist and communist tenets. This involves comparisons and contrasts between both systems. This study will forge down precisely this path, evaluating the experiences of the post-communist states. With the sheer expanse and intensity of the previous Soviet system, it will be shown that, not only has the transition from plan to market been difficult for the countries of East Europe themselves, but also for economists who try to observe progress from afar.
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Effective Crisis Management Techniques, 2002.
This paper examines how an organization can handle a crisis. The steps an organization takes during a crisis will determine how they come out of it. This paper lays out how an organization can effectively deal with crisis to prevent lasting damage.
1,430 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 8 sources, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the importance of a company's crisis management strategy and how the strategy that an organization takes during a crisis can affect the long-term health of that organization. It also puts forth the theory that organizations often collapse because when a crisis occurs they are not equipped to deal with it in a quick and timely fashion.
From the paper:
"Planning ahead of time can help soften the negative impact of an ongoing crisis. Decisions made while planning for a potential crisis tend to be more rational then a decision made in the middle of a crisis. Develop a crisis manual that is simple and easy to read and make sure it is used; it is worthless if it sits idle on a shelf. All employees need to be trained so they know what their roles will be during a crisis. This training will help prepare everybody in the organization to avert or effectively manage extraordinary incidents. It is not possible to plan for all potential crises that can occur. Rather an organization should prepare an action plan that involves responses for various aspects of a possible crisis."
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The NEP and Perestroika: An Economic Analysis, 2005.
A comparison of the economic policies of Vladimir Lenin and Mikhail Gorbachev.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 9 sources, $ 133.95
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Abstract
This postgraduate paper examines the NEP and perestroika. The paper discusses how Vladimir Lenin's New Economic Policy and Mikhail Gorbachev's perestroika were similar in terms of their short term political and economic goals, for Lenin and Gorbachev both felt compelled to face economic realities. Both men were confronted by an enormous range of economic challenges, for Lenin not only had to rebuild an economy shattered by years of war and revolution he was intent upon replacing Russia's capitalist economic system with a communist economic system.
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Russia's One Party Power since Communism, 2005.
Examining the reasons for one party being in power in Russia for several terms, despite the economic depression that has existed since the fall of Communism and the installment of democracy.
2,119 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the factors that have contributed to the election of the same political party in Russia since the fall of Communism. Russia has been in an economic depression since the fall of the Soviet Union, yet the same party is re-elected through democratic vote. The reasons for this puzzling outcome are discussed in this paper and identified as using democracy to purge the conservative communists of their rank, old elites regaining state control and loyalty of those counting the votes. Each factor is discussed in great detail along with its contribution and impact on the electoral outcome. This paper is ideal for anyone, from a Russian politics expert to a curious novice.
From the Paper
"Mikhail Gorbachev, along with the Soviet leaders was the first to introduce semi competitive elections into the USSR and then later Russia. Although elections are a focal point of a democracy, they were not initiated by Gorbachev for this use. "The goal of these elections was to purge the conservative ranks of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) from their positions of power within state structures as a way to liberate these state institutions and thereby make them available as instruments by executing Gorbachev's economic reforms" (McFaul and Petrov, 24). The existing powers of the Soviet Union at the time of the introduction of democracy were all communists, who held high political ranks. In order for Gorbachev to implement his reformation of the economy, these political figures needed to be removed from their ranks, otherwise there would be great opposition to the changes planned. When these leaders were removed, the state organizations were free from communist control and could be used in any way that Gorbachev desired."
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The Russian Financial Crisis of 1998, 2002.
A historical look at the financial crisis in Russia in the lat 1990's and how it effected the region.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper will emphasize the particular significance of a Russian financial collapse, not so long after Glasnost and the introduction of a capitalist economy. The 1998 crisis was taken very seriously by international financial institutions, in view of Russia's economy being the most developed and promising of those emerging from the former Soviet bloc.
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Thailand's Currency Crisis, 2007.
This paper examines Thailand's currency crisis in light of its background, the reasons behind the crisis, and its immediate effect and aftermath.
3,091 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the currency crisis in Thailand, which started in the summer of 1997 and rapidly engulfed a number of East Asian "Tiger economies" in a major financial crisis. This crisis became a an interesting case study for economists who were interested in analyzing the pros and cons of globalization and laissez faire market economies. The author further examines the effects of the East Asian currency crisis, on Thailand itself, which underwent a painful re-adjustment of its economy.
Outline:
Background
The Danger Signals
Foreign Exchange Reserves
Current Accounts Deficit
Excessive Credit Expansion
Why Did the Growth Slow Down?
The Housing and Real Estate Bubble
The Stock Market Bubble
The Crisis
The Aftermath of the Crisis for Thailand
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The country took a number of measures to attract foreign capital during the 1980 and early 1990s. These included lifting of restrictions on foreign investments, elimination of most barriers on foreign ownership of export oriented industries, granting of tax incentives to foreign mutual funds and investments in the stock market, creation of closed-end mutual funds, and reduction of taxes on dividends remitted abroad (Antczak 40-41). These measures along with a pegged exchange rate policy (i.e., the Thai currency baht was pegged to the dollar and its value rose and fell with dollar's value), and the large differential in interest rates provided comfort to foreign investors who came to Thailand in droves. "
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