| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "JUVENILE COURT SYSTEM": |
|
|
The Juvenile Court System, 2004.
This paper discusses that the causality of juvenile offenders has changed, and therefore, the juvenile court system must change.
2,385 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 73.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that, because of the shift in the level of violence in teen behavior, the focus of the juvenile justice system has gone from one of individualized treatment and rehabilitation to generalized concerns for public safety and accountability in juvenile offenders. The author stresses that possibly the most needed change is the realization that children are no less prone to violent behavior than adults are. The paper reviews the work of four experts, containing ideas such as juveniles should be held morally accountable for their criminal behavior, and the juvenile court must be vigilant to children's due process rights and sensitive to the individual developmental needs of juveniles in each case.
From the Paper
"One hundred years ago, when the idea of criminal justice was evolving from observations of major urban streets, and the need of children trapped therein, society was not confronted with the specter of Columbine High School, in which teens planned and executed an assault on the student population with semi-automatic weapons and home made bombs. Fifty years ago, when the current theories of progressive juvenile justice were being formed, pop culture music did not fill the radio airwaves with messages that encouraged teens to become violent toward a social order that did not understand them. Nor did teens sit for hours engaged in realistic vigilante 3-d simulations in the screens of video games. Although game makers argue that the violent games are only entertainment, and do not have a causative influence on children?s behaviors, many of these game are designed in the same way as FBI training simulations, in which new agents are taught to desensitize themselves to the prospect of killing another human being."
| |
|
Juveniles in the Criminal Court System, 2008.
An examination of the existing laws and statutes of armed robbery, what is defined as armed robbery, and how it pertains to juveniles when they commit armed robbery.
1,295 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 43.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper examines the existing statutes for armed robbery, defines armed robbery and suggests proper retribution for juveniles who participate in this specific crime. The paper discusses a scenario of a 17-year old male committing a robbery in a department store with an unloaded weapon and focuses on whether or not the suspect is guilty of armed robbery and what is an acceptable punishment in light of the fact that the suspect is a minor. The writer advocates that it does not matter anymore who commits serious felonies, even juveniles can and will be held accountable for their actions and with the number of increased violent crimes committed by juveniles, the criminal justice system will change also. The writer believes that in the scenario mentioned above, the 17-year old made a grave mistake and will have to deal with the consequences.
From the Paper
"The Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts has stated that the gist of the offense of armed robbery is the commission of an offense while armed and it is not necessary to show the use of the dangerous weapon in proving the offense. All that need to be shown is that the defendant carried a weapon on his person while committing the robbery (Moenssens, Bacigal, Ashdown and Hench, 2003, p.850).
Based on our scenario it is unknown as to what state this armed robbery occurred in, and there is not any evidence as to how the store employee felt at the time of the crime. Much is left to be interpreted, however, the statements made by the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts is an example of how different states define armed robbery."
| |
|
Juvenile and Adult Courts, 2006.
A comparison of the juvenile and adult court systems, including a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of each system.
2,743 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 82.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the differences and similarities between the juvenile court system and the adult court system. It then discusses the benefits and disadvantages between the two systems and the differences in the focus of the two systems, from the arrest, to the trial to the methods of punishment commonly employed. The paper concludes with recommendations for the future.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Section A - Differences and Similarities
Juvenile v. Adult Court: The Differences
Terminology
Rehabilitation v. Punishment
Confidentiality
Different Types of Arrests
Adults Can Be Sentenced to Death
Trial Procedures
Similarities
Miranda Rights
Trial Rights
Punishments
Section B - Benefits and Disadvantages of Juvenile Court
Benefits
Disadvantages of Juvenile Court
Section C - Implications of Abolishing Juvenile Courts
Section D - Recommendations for the Future
Requiring Attorney Representation
Minority Representation Issue
Child Development Professionals
Child Competency Standard
Abolishing Juvenile Courts
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The juvenile justice system was created separately from adult courts at the end of the 19th century. The purpose of the juvenile court was to help avoid the stigma of having a record, and to lean toward rehabilitative rather than punitive. Even though the process is somewhat similar to the adult court process, the juvenile court certainly has its differences. Those differences being a major difference in terminology, trial procedures, more rehabilitation than punitive, and juveniles under the age of 18 can no longer be put to death. The court certainly has more benefits than disadvantages especially with the confidentiality of records and allowing juveniles a fresh start once they enter adulthood provided they stay out of trouble. There are some who believe that abolishing the system would be better as it is viewed as being too lenient. However, to do so would cause a bigger backlog in the adult system just as an example of a problem that would create. There are definite recommendations for the future to improve the juvenile justice system even though it has made great strides since its inception."
| |
|
Juvenile Courts, 2004.
Examines the history of juvenile court systems in the United States.
1,132 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 39.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
Historically, juveniles who came to the attention of the courts were considered less guilty than adults because of their age. This, in turn, developed into an attitude at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th Century that the appropriate role for police and the courts was to guide the young person to a better path. Finally, this led to the idea of 'status offenses'; that is, offenses that would not be crimes if committed by an adult. The paper examines the history of juvenile courts in the American legal system. It discusses issues such as the 'parens patriae' policy, juvenile facilities, rehabilitation, and the status of the system today.
From the Paper
"The philosophy of parens patriae allowed the courts, and through them a variety of social service programs, to concern themselves with actions that violated societal expectations. The juvenile system then had a tiered set of offenses, just as the adult criminal system did, but at the bottom of the tier for youths were offenses that were not listed in any criminal code. Police had broad discretionary power at this level and could choose whether to ignore what they saw, to simply talk to the youth or youths in question, or to make an arrest (Wolcott, 2001)."
| |
|
Juvenile and Adult Courts, 2005.
A comparative analysis of justice in the juvenile and adult courts.
2,482 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 75.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper posits that it is awkward to talk about a juvenile justice system and gives two reasons for this. The paper shows that there is some debate over whether a criminal justice system exists. The writer concludes that if there is no justice in the adult criminal justice system, then in all likelihood, there is none in the juvenile justice system, either.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Comparative Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"One criticism regarding the use of the term "system" is that it implies a coordinated effort, with agreement on purposes. While there is a conspicuous lack of coordination in the juvenile justice system, for explanatory purposes, juvenile justice will be considered a system, albeit one where the individual components sometimes work at cross purposes, or at counter purposes."
| |
|
Juveniles Tried in Adult Courts, 2006.
An argumentative essay on whether to prosecute and incarcerate juvenile offenders in the adult court and penal system.
1,851 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper discusses the problem of juvenile crime, which is becoming increasingly serious in the United States. The writer analyzes Proposition 21, which, in the writer's view, holds that the only way to curb the problem is to do away with concepts such as understanding and rehabilitation, concentrating on the safety of society as a whole. The writer examines whether this is the best strategy in terms of both social values and for the sake of juvenile offenders. The writer proposes that locking juveniles away together with adult criminals, and in effect ignoring the problem, is likely to only exacerbate the problem.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The History of the Juvenile Justice System
Proposition 21
The Problem or the Solution?
From the Paper
"While the criminal justice system has been, until recently, fairly lenient and rehabilitative towards juvenile offenders, more distant history tells a different story. In 1648 for example, during the colonialist period, juvenile offenders in the young country were treated extremely harshly (Current Events, 2003) . The death penalty was for example the punishment for any child older than 16 who cursed or mocked his or her parents. The first reformatory for juvenile offenders opened in New York during 1825."
| |
|
Mediation in Juvenile Court, 2001.
Discusses mediation as a cost-effective, valuable tool in juvenile justice system. Its purpose, how it works, problems.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 9 sources, $ 71.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
" This research paper discusses the use of mediation in dependency and other proceedings in juvenile courts and assesses its effectiveness. Mediation is used in dependency proceedings and in other cases involving status offenses, misdemeanors and occasionally more serious first time offenses, often in conjunction with victim-offender reconciliation efforts. In general, mediation has proved to be a cost-effective method of relieving juvenile court congestion and dealing with relatively minor juvenile offenses in a manner which optimizes familial, community, and victim involvement and at the same time serving the best interests of the juvenile offenders involved. Mediation is not, however, very effective in addressing the problem of hard core violent juvenile crime and its effectiveness is..."
| |
|
The Supreme Court and Juvenile Justice, 2005.
A look at the impact of the rulings of the Supreme Court of the United States on the juvenile justice system.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, $ 53.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the rulings of the Supreme Court of the United States that have had long lasting affects on the juvenile justice system. The paper contends that each ruling by the justices has been centered around the 14th amendment to the constitution, and provides case evidence to support this thesis. The paper gives examples of long term effects.
From the Paper
"The juvenile justice system was created in 1899 to protect youths who were convicted of crimes from being incarcerated with violent adults (Males and Macallair 1). From the beginning, however, judges had the right to transfer any juvenile they wished to adult courts, and jails, at the judges own discretion. Furthermore, as the increase in juvenile crime has taken place over the last few decades the juvenile justice system has been in a continuous battle with society over how juveniles should be tried, incarcerated, and punished. Many believe that the philosophy in handling juvenile crime in the United States should be one that centers on making punishments tougher, and thereby, deterring future juvenile criminals. "
| |
|
The Juvenile Justice System, 2006.
This well-researched paper examines the juvenile justice system and its method of dealing with juvenile offenders which has cyclically gone from a rehabilitative approach to a punitive approach a number of times since its inception.
2,177 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explores the history of the juvenile justice system, dating back to the 1820s and until the present. The juvenile justice system in dealing with juvenile offenders has cyclically gone from a rehabilitative approach to a punitive approach a number of times since its inception. The writer of this paper contends that in certain cases juvenile criminals should be treated differently than adults who commit the same crimes and supports this claim by detailing eight possible justifications. One justification is that adults are responsible for their acts, whereas juveniles are not. Another justification is that juveniles are more pliable than adults and respond better to treatment and rehabilitation.
This paper also details various research which examines the history of the juvenile justice system from 1820 which found that when juvenile crime is determined to be high, the justice system responds with severe punishments and few rehabilitative approaches. This paper also discusses the current approach to the juvenile justice system and questions its effectiveness in dealing with juvenile offenders.
From the Paper
"What the models or approaches have neglected up to this point is the importance of the victim and the community, accountability of the offender, and competency development. So far there has been the debate between punishment versus treatment as options, but both have negative side effects and essentially ignore everything else. The need for retribution may be satisfied by punishment, but the offender can be negatively affected. Punishment can undermine self-restraint, stigmatizes the offender and creates problems of adjustment, which encourages delinquency, to name a couple, but it also encourages offenders to focus on themselves, not the victim and their responsibility."
| |
|
Juvenile Justice Systems, 2004.
This paper describes and evaluates England's and Canada's juvenile justice systems.
2,920 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 86.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that England and Canada appear to have juvenile justice systems similar to the system in the U.S. The author points out that, under the Youthful Offenders Act of 1854, England's Juvenile Justice System was created separate from the adult system. The paper relates that the Canada's juvenile justice system has gone through three different phases throughout the 20th century; the Juvenile Justice Act of 1908 defined the age of juvenile delinquency from 7 to either 17 or 18, depending on the province; in the 1960s and 1970s, Canada protected children by legal rights, especially constitutional rights; and, in 1995, an act amended the Young Offenders Act to focus on a multidisciplinary approach focused on why young people commit crimes and on rehabilitation.
Table of Contents
England's Juvenile Justice System
Prevention
The Persistent Young Offender
Overview of Youth Court
Summary
Canada's Juvenile Justice System
Canada's Youth Court
Summary
From the Paper
"Over the past few decades England has been trying to deal with an increasing crime rate. Property offenses have been increasing dramatically, which is creating a big concern for the public as well as those that work in the system. Throughout the past decade, the British have put a great deal of focus on dealing with a desire to divert more young people away from the formal adjudicatory process, while also developing a plan that deals with the most serious and persistent young offenders. Several Acts have been enacted to attempt to facilitate the administration and delivery of both objectives; they include the Criminal Justice Act (1991), the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act (1994), the Crime and Disorder Act (1998), and the Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act (1999)."
| |
|
Juvenile Prison System, 2005.
A literature review on the rate of recidivism among African-American youths in the U.S.A.'s juvenile prison system.
5,420 words (approx. 21.7 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 133.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This report examines the juvenile justice system in relation to recidivism rates in African-American juvenile offenders. The juvenile justice system is placed in societal context through use of labeling theory, control theory, and the presence of racial profiling. The link to the program-based juvenile correctional, educational, and/or residential treatment program is provided through an association with the continuity of labeling-based role behavior within the juvenile justice system. Issues of recidivism are compared between different sorts of programs, with an emphasis on the residential treatment program. The formation of an environment that simultaneously blocks the presence of criminality-associated factors and values the inhabitant who is incarcerated, strictly on terms of their being a criminal among other criminals, is assessed in its contribution to higher rates of recidivism following incarceration. The report primarily exists as a literature review rather than an actual longitudinal or other experimental methodology presentation, and operates on the central hypothesis that African-American juvenile delinquents tend to increase rather than decrease levels of criminal behavior after being incarcerated in the juvenile justice system. The effects of discrimination in terms of unequal treatment within the juvenile justice system of differing races is also addressed, as are program realities.
From the Paper
"These individuals may put themselves into a situation in which these relationships with supervision are seen as negative and/or absent. The role of the juvenile justice system in replacing these supervisory relationships is therefore crucial for an understanding of recidivism patterns following incarceration. The provision of a positive supervisory structure is what is wanted, while the provision of a negative supervisory structure is seen to detrimentally affect the juvenile within the justice system and lead to a higher likelihood of the original negative-supervision attitude's being reinforced. "The onset of puberty, the increased presence of alcohol, drugs, and weapons in a young person's environment, and growing economic pressures all increase the risk of being a perpetrator or a victim of violence" (Posner, 1998). The reduction of these presences in the juvenile justice system is too often reinforced within a sort of labeling situation that still places a high premium on the criminal's role of association with these presences."
| |
|
Racism and Mental Health Issues in Juvenile Justice Systems, 2004.
Examines the problem of institutionalized racism in the U.S. juvenile justice system.
1,677 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 54.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper looks at racial prejudice in the administration of juvenile justice from the point of view of who gets locked up, what happens once they?re in, and the built-in system cruelty. Incarceration statistics are included. A discussion of race as a factor in whether the juvenile offender receives mental health care and what actually goes on inside the juvenile justice system are topics addressed by this paper.
From the Paper
"Juvenile Justice System (JJS) increased by 41%; but more disturbing is the fact that in that time period, delinquency cases involving blacks jumped 78% and cases involving other non-white youths skyrocketed by 94% (Lardiero, 1997). Another key fact illustrating the institutional bias against minority kids is found in a 1987 study (by the National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges) of ethnicity in much-preferable private JJS facilities vs. generally miserable public JJS facilities: 35% of private inmates were minorities and 65% were white."
| |
|
American Juvenile Justice System in Crisis, 1992.
An examination of the juvenile justice system, assumed to be a system in crisis. Also determines the depth of the crisis and assesses causes and possible solutions.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 11 sources, $ 87.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
"Introduction
Public administration presents us with many institutions in which to observe organizational behaviors, and the very form and structure of these institutions illuminates how organizations are formed and what influence different behaviors have on that formation. Leaders and policy makers in these organizations respond to perceptions of success or failure. An examination of a particular institution in crisis - the juvenile justice system - shows how administrators view the problem, how the problem developed, and how policy makers are influenced in determining what to do about it.
METHOD OF INQUIRY
The method of inquiry begins with the inductive examination of the issues involved..."
| |
|
Juvenile Justice System, 2002.
A paper discussing the history of the American system of juvenile justice.
740 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper looks at the way in which juvenile offenders were punished as harshly as adult offenders and were subject to corporal and capital punishment, prior to the 1800's. It discusses how the current American system of juvenile justice is based on hundreds of years of legal traditions, some of which are discussed in brief in this paper.
From the Paper
"In the early 1800's, people were starting to see children in a different light, as persons at a unique level of human development rather than little adults; with equal moral and cognitive capacities. Several alternatives to imprisonment came about during the 1800's. The cottage system eliminated large congregate living situations and placed smaller cottage-like buildings together. The placing out system placed adolescents from urban slum areas with families in rural areas to teach them how to work and learn under the guidance of a family. Upper class, troubled adolescents were sent to military school to learn discipline. In the late 1800's and early 1900's, juvenile and family courts were established to separate juvenile delinquents from adult criminals. The child-saving movement was started at this time and the juvenile system was changed to include juvenile, courts, probation, child guidance clinics, truant officers and reformatories."
| |
|
Justice System For Juvenile Crime, 2002.
Discusses the pros and cons of a separate juvenile system.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, $ 63.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
Discusses the pros and cons of a separate juvenile system. Arguments and opinions on whether age should determine an individual's guilt and criminality. Contends that children who break the law should be treated differently from adults. The roots of juvenile justice as a concept in America. Public attitudes. Age and criminal intent.
From the Paper
"This paper is a discussion of the pros and cons of having a separate system of justice to deal with juvenile crime. Since the first courts were established to provide for different ways of dealing with youthful offenders, American society has gone through alternating waves in its opinions about whether age should determine an individual=s culpability and what the primary purpose of juvenile justice should be. Research has tried to find out whether more severe penalties or the assignment of certain crimes to adult courts, despite the age of the perpetrator, have any effects on the frequency or the rate of recidivism of especially violent crimes, with mixed results. The system as it exists treats younger offenders inconsistently, often depriving them of rights which are routinely part of the adult system. Most experts agree that juvenile justice in ..."
|
|
|
