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Journalistic Ethics and Kierkegaard, 2006.
An analysis of philosopher Soren Kierkegaard's ethics as they apply to a new theory of journalistic ethics.
3,245 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses journalistic ethics, according to the views of philosopher, Soren Kierkegaard. It begins with a brief look at the various theories of journalistic ethics that have held sway in the past. The paper then presents cases demonstrating their inadequacies. It then re-examines those cases under the Kierkegaardian system of teleological suspension of the ethical qua journalism and discusses the possible objections to and complications of this approach.
From the Paper
"In the organic process through which ethical weeds inevitably sprout wherever civilization ploughs fresh soil, modern society may have broached a new continent. Surely this can be said with respect to journalism. Technological advances, innovative political tactics, and the ever-more competitive relationship between government and press all contribute to a proliferation of ethical dilemmas for which there exists no adequately vigorous effort to account. When the old approaches to journalistic ethics, having never foreseen the complexity our times, prove themselves antiquated, journalists must pursue new ways to understand the ethics of their craft. The answer, I submit, lies in the writings of nineteenth century Danish philosopher Soren Kierkegaard, whose sees the finite nature of ethical dimensions and transcends them through a teleological suspension of the ethical. Before wading into the intricacies of Kierkegaard, though, I would first like to sketch the structure of this essay."
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Journalistic Ethics, 1999.
Examines the freedom of the press vs. ethical reporting, code of ethics, the role of court, examples of questionable ethics, invasion of privacy and coverage of celebrities. Includes an outline.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 10 sources, $ 79.95
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Abstract
"Freedom of the Press is a phrase given high value in the American system, but it is not an absolute. Freedom of the Press is found in the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, and the courts give great importance to this amendment when considering competing rights.
From the Paper
"Freedom of the Press is a phrase given high value in the American system, but it is not an absolute. Freedom of the Press is found in the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, and the courts give great importance to this amendment when considering competing rights. Still, there are cases where the courts find that the press goes too far, and the public often believes this is true. Unethical behavior by the press is behavior that goes against a fundamental and protected individual right and that does so by breaking one of the elements of the currently adopted Code of Ethics. Recently, the Society of Professional Journalists held a meeting in Arlington, Virginia at which those attending the convention voted on a new Ethics Code. The code contains the four principles seen as most important in ethical behavior for journalists by this group..."
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Media Code of Ethics, 2000.
This essay briefly discusses the concept of ethics and specifically the Society of Professional Journalists? Code of Ethics.
1,586 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 0 sources, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This essay briefly discusses the concept of ethics and specifically the Society of Professional Journalists? Code of Ethics. The author then describes the process of applying this code to his own campus's publication- the different considerations and decisions involved.
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Journalistic Ethical Issues, 2001.
Discussion of 1998 "60 Minutes" broadcast depicting Dr. Jack Kevororkian employing physican assisted suicide. Background & implications of broadcast; limitations of journalistic conduct; boundaries.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 22 sources, $ 103.95
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From the Paper
" This research paper discusses the journalistic ethical issues associated with that portion of a broadcast by CBS's 60 Minutes on Sunday evening, November 22, 1998 which dealt with the topic of euthanasia or physician assisted suicide (PAS) of terminally ill patients and which included the replaying of portions of a videotape showing Dr. Jack Kevorkian injecting a lethal drug into a 52 year old man, Thomas Youk, who was suffering from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
Introduction
Basic Facts Concerning 60 Minutes. 60 Minutes is a television newsmagazine which is owned outright by CBS Inc., a publicly-owned corporation, and which has been presented on prime time since 1972. It has consistently been among the top.."
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Journalistic Gender Stereotyping, 2005.
The paper investigates how "Time" magazine stereotyped First Ladies Laura Bush and Hillary Clinton during their husbands' first term in office.
13,116 words (approx. 52.5 pages), 72 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This study investigates media stereotyping of American First Ladies Laura Welch Bush and Hillary Rodham Clinton principally using quantitative and qualitative content analysis. The research explores the amount and qualities of "Time" magazine's news coverage during their husband's first terms of office to establish, (i) who between Mrs. Clinton and Mrs. Bush is framed as most often politically active and (ii) who between them is more negatively stereotyped. Hypotheses predict that the most politically active First Lady will attract more media coverage and more negative stereotypes. Both hypotheses were supported by the research, which indicate that Hillary Clinton was framed both as the most politically active and negatively stereotyped of the two.
Table of COntents
I.Introduction
Etymology of Stereotypes
Scholarship on Gender Stereotypes
Stereotypes & America's First Ladies
II.The First Lady in American History
Early Interest in First Ladies
Scholarship Since the 1980s
Hillary Clinton & Laura Bush
III.Methodology
Data Collection
Setting
Coding
IV.Findings
V.Discussion and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Across the globe, women are poorly represented in many facets of life - economic, political and scientific - despite the fact that they constitute the majority of the world's population. For example, females represent only about three per cent of all historical figures in Western civilization (Catell, 1903; Eisenstadt, 1978). In addition, only about one per cent of the notable contributors to science and technology are female (Simonton, 1991a)."
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Ethical Conduct in Journalism, 2006.
A discussion on the ethics, normative and otherwise, involved in the journalism profession.
3,303 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper deals with four theoretical ethical frameworks that are discussed as well as an argument involving the best choice of theory, normative ethics or legislature that would allow for the best ethical conduct by journalists. The second part of the paper focuses on the role of codes of conduct for journalists and the influence these codes have on the journalism profession.
Outline
Introduction
Concepts and Considerations
Theory
Ethics
Codes of Conduct
Ethical Theories
Christian Ethics
The Golden Rule
Consequentialism
Utilitarianism
Ethical Realism
Ethical Theories in Journalism
Case Study
Christian Ethics
Consequentialism
Utilitarianism
Ethical Realism
Codes of Conduct
South African Codes of Conduct
Broadcasting Codes
Press Code of Professional Practice
Adherence
Conclusion
Sources Consulted
From the Paper
"The international spread of Christianity can be seen as a revolution in ethics, as it introduced a religious idea of good into Western thought. In the Christian view all people are dependent on God and they cannot achieve true goodness by any other means other then with the help of God's grace (Oosthuizen, 2002). The ultimate example for Christian ethics is Christ. His obedience to the Father's will is seen as the starting point for all ethical development (Pope John Paul II, Veritatis Splendor). Jesus Christ is the absolute, unqualified norm of all ethical actions, meaning that he is the unique archetype of divine love and the response to it."
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Embedded Journalists, 2002.
A discussion on the ethics of photography and photojournalism.
843 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper examines some of the issues concerning the ethics of photography and photojournalism. It uses as an example a front-page photograph from the "Los Angeles Times" showing a British soldier directing Iraqi civilians to take cover from Iraqi fire, which turned out to be a fake, a digital composite created by photographer, Brian Walski ,using photo-altering software. It looks at how, although the Walski photograph may have been altered with good intentions to better convey the ?essence? of the war in Iraq, Walski acted unethically and violated several tenets of photojournalism. It argues how readers need to be able to trust that their photographs show what actually happened to form their own ideas and how breaching that trust only serves to make the public suspicious of all war reports, to the detriment of the entire news profession.
From the Paper
"Walski?s alterations differ from the Time Magazine and the Newsday photographs in another important respect. A look at past photographs from war coverage reveals how news photographs have tremendous power to influence public perceptions regarding the war. The image of the Vietnamese girl running naked after her village was bombed with napalm and the picture of the South Vietnamese police commander shooting a VietCong prisoner in the head have contributed to protests against the Vietnam War. In a more recent example, for many people, the photograph of young Elian Gonzalez cringing from an armed immigration agent gave the situation an air of menace (Frank 2003)."
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Wartime Embedded Journalists, 2004.
A look at the controversial issue regarding the danger posed to military personnel by embedded journalists.
1,258 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at arguments on both sides of the issue concerning embedded journalists and whether or not they pose a risk to the safety of soldiers in the field. The paper points out that the danger posed by the journalists is often related more to the amount of military information they expose to the public that really should not be revealed and not to the direct safety of the soldiers. The paper concludes that, while on some level, the embedded journalists do increase the risk exposure of soldiers, it might be better that they are embedded rather than running helter-skelter all over the place. Articles used as sources are appended to the paper.
From the Paper
"There have been war correspondents in virtually every U.S. military engagement. During the Civil War, a photographer named Matthew Brady was out there on the battlefield not exactly snapping pictures, but laboriously preparing the glass plates in the back of his horse-drawn darkroom. So embedding journalists in with the U.S. military during the recent, and continuing, war in Iraq would not seem to be any different, and certainly no more dangerous than having Brady rattling around the cannonballs. Granted, some journalists have died in Iraq, but some, like NBC?s David Bloom, died from medical conditions not related to warfare. Even military spokespersons have relatively little to say about the impact on troops of protecting journalists? lives. Of course, the few soldiers who died in the relatively few attempts to save journalists in war zones, some of which will be mentioned below, might have a very different viewpoint about that. "
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Journalists? Right to Obtain Information, 2002.
A look at the ethical and moral expectations of journalists.
1,395 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the rights and responsibilities of journalists when reporting stories. The author looks at the ethical issues that come in to play when information is sought and when it is reported. A look at how society views these concerns.
From the Paper
?In the era of communications there is a viable debate in society that suggests that the freedom of information must take precedence over all other rights. The journalists must the debate contends, have the right to obtain information from all sources so that the people can be given the truth as they have found it. This debate brings into controversy the rights of privacy of individuals and the security of the state as journalists demand the information regardless of the consequences and the manner of obtaining it.?
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Are Journalists With Us or Against Us?, 2002.
This paper discusses the ability of journalists today to twist information and invade our private lives.
950 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 0 sources, $ 33.95
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Abstract
An argumentative paper written in the first person questioning whether journalists can be trusted or whether their entire aim in their work is to sensationalize and only to create news.
From the Paper
"I believe that one must always remain skeptical of what they read in the media. Because journalism is obviously one?s interpretation of some event that occurred, it is only natural for the facts of the case to be altered in some way or another. More often than not, printed news stories are adaptations of another article previously written on the same topic. Journalism also tends to be extremely opinionated, and one?s own thoughts or ideas concerning a particular subject can sometimes get in the way of reality. Countless examples of journalists stretching the truth for the sake of getting attention does not contribute positively to our view on journalism either. In my opinion, the well-renowned journalists that have been involved in this profession for years are trustworthier than those that are inexperienced and obscure to the public eye."
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Yahoo!'s Political and Ethical Problems, 2006.
A look at Yahoo's complicity in facilitating governmental censorship in China.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This document discusses Yahoo!'s current political and ethical problems engendered by its China operations. Yahoo! and many other leading technology companies have recently received a great deal of negative press for facilitating China's governmental censorship of the Internet and the World Wide Web. Yahoo! in particular has been singled out for its active participation by turning over private customer data to the Chinese government that resulted in a 10 year prison sentence of a Chinese journalist.
From the Paper
"Recent news events concerning Yahoo! have centered on a political and ethical issue that could very well negatively effect Yahoo!'s brand for many years to come. Yahoo! is one of the pioneers of Internet content and web portal providers that, while suffering during the dot.com downturn in the information and technology industry, has emerged to be a consistent and well-known brand across the globe. Yahoo!'s line of business (LOB) centers on internet content and media communications as well as navigational directories and search (Yahoo!, 2005). Yahoo! maintains operations throughout the North American Continent, Europe, the Asia Pacific Rim, particularly China, and Latin America and is headquartered in California, USA with over 7,600 worldwide employees (Yahoo!, 2005)."
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Journalist Ellen Goodman, 2002.
Examines Ellen Goodman's style of writing known as feminist journalism.
1,590 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses well-known journalist Ellen Goodman. Her style of non-confrontational feminism is examined and her use of rhetorical techniques is analyzed. The paper reviews several of Goodman's essays and cites them as examples of her technique. Finally, the paper provides a brief critique of Goodman's writing style.
From the Paper
"Ellen Goodman is often called a feminist journalist. However, within the framework of any ideological movement such as feminism, there are many different factions and many different ?isms.? Rather than attempting a radical critique of gender roles, Goodman usually prefers a more gentle, mainstream examination of the relationship of males and females in contemporary society. Goodman does not discount the presence of discrimination against women today. She acknowledges that she has faced discrimination personally, both professionally and as a media consumer. But Goodman also, through the use of a discursive and relatively un-confrontational rhetorical prose style, reinforces male and female binaries. Goodman?s refusal to use a traditionally structured argument in many of her pieces on gender both reinforces as well as questions gender norms."
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Herodotus and History, 2002.
Argues that ancient historian, Herodotus, wrote in a style which is completely opposite to contemporary journalistic styles.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 1 source, $ 62.95
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Abstract
As this review will demonstrate, Herodotus' approach to the writing of history is absolutely antithetical to the "journalistic" style of modern times: instead of being concise, he is exhaustive; in place of a "linear" argument, Herodotus' work is characterized by "circular" storytelling and digression.
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Joyce Carol Oates, 2006.
This paper discusses the work of author Joyce Carol Oates, as a stylistic move from the journalistic to the literary.
1,313 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer describes how the American fiction writer Joyce Carol Oates has not simply tackled issues of national importance in her novels. She also has a substantial critical body of literary essays and works of nonfiction. The writer discusses that over the course of her career, as Oates' has grown more prolific as a writer of fiction, Oates' nonfiction essays and writing have had an increasingly literary rather than a journalistic quality in the tone of Oates' prose, even while their subject matter has tackled issues of national importance. Referring to examples of Oates' literary works, the writer examines the author's concerns and style of writing.
From the Paper
"The review of McCarthy precedes a flight of philosophical fancy, as Oates muses not simply about this novel, but about the style of the author and why his work compels her, and compels other readers, time and time again, despite the violent nature of McCarthy's prose. "No one would mistake Cormac McCarthy's worlds as "real" except in the way that fever dreams are 'real,' a heightened and distilled gloss upon the human condition." (Oates, 2005) Oates shows evident familiarity with the entire span of McCarthy's works, and the reader might have difficulty fully comprehending the review, had the reader not read Blood Meridian and All the Pretty Horses, books that Oates has read and refers to as common knowledge in her analysis of how the masculine and bloody world of the author she is reviewing speaks to the extreme nature of the human life, not just in the Wild Wild West McCarthy chronicles, but in modern times. Her essay on Lear, in contrast, wrestles more with what Shakespearean critics such as Norman Lear have written about the Bard's use of narrative structure."
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Celebrity Privacy and the Paparazzi, 2002.
A discussion of what makes a celebrity and what rights they have to privacy from being photographed by journalistic photographers.
1,140 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the relationship between the parapazzi (journalistic photographers) and celebrities, which has been bought into the spotlight by the death of Princess Diana in a car crash trying to escape from them. It evaluates the lack of clear cut boundaries when it comes to the paparazzi and their rights and proposes a new law to be enacted that will restrict the photographing of the famous to public events or events that the paparazzi is invited to by the star in question. Anything outside of those boundaries should be considered a crime. It reviews several famous court cases on the topic of invasion of privacy of celebrities and argues that celebrities should not have to give up their right to basic privacy simply by becoming famous.
From the Paper
"For many years the press and the famous were friends. The press attended openings of films, causes that were important to the stars, and other events in which the public had an interest, and the celebrity benefited from their presence. It began to change several decades ago when the press began to invade the private lives of the celebrities that they covered. Over the years there have been several famous court cases in which the celebrity has asked for relief from such stalking and harassment from the press."
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