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Japan's Economic Development, 2006.
A history of Japan's economic development after WWII.
3,727 words (approx. 14.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 103.95
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Abstract
This paper details Japan's rise as an economic power from the period immediately following WWII to the present. The paper explains the strategy Japan used to achieve the status of an economic superpower, how their economic success has affected other world economies and, in particular, the U.S. economy, discusses the Japanese government's total focus on strengthening the economy while disregarding, as a goal, the strengthening of the military and reviews the country's industrial policies. The paper also examines the state of Japanese consumers and compares it to the state of American consumers and concludes with a discussion of Japan's current financial situation.
Table of Contents
Effect of World War II on Japan
The Bureaucratic Mind
Economic Development and National Security
Ups and Downs in Industrial Policies
The State of Japanese Consumers
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The occupation of Japan by the Allied Powers started in August 1945 and ended in April 1952. General Macarthur was its first Supreme Commander. The whole operation was mainly carried out by the United States. Japan basically lost all the territory acquired after 1894 In addition; the Kurile Islands were occupied by the Soviet Union. Okinawa was returned to Japan in 1972, however a territorial dispute with Russia concerning the Kurile Islands has not been resolved yet. The remains of Japan's war machine were destroyed, and war crime trials were held. Over 500 military officers committed suicide right after Japan surrendered, and many hundreds more were executed for committing war crimes. A new constitution went into effect in 1947 in Japan. The Emperor who was considered the Supreme Head lost all political and military power and was made a symbolic Head of the State. Universal suffrage was introduced and human rights were guaranteed. Japan was also forbidden to ever lead a war again or to maintain an army."
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Japan's Economic Development, 2006.
This paper analyzes the importance of Japan's foreign direct investment (FDI), to its economic development and growth.
2,686 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper defines FDI inflow as the investment one particular country or nation receives from another, while outflow is the amount of resources leaving the investing country into the source country. This well-researched paper focuses on the history of Japan's economy and the recent significant increase of FDI inflow into the country. The writer of this paper compares Japan's FDI flows to those of other countries. The ratio of inward FDI compared to nominal GDP in 2000 was only 1.1% in Japan, which compares to 27.9% in the U.S., 32.4% in the UK and 22.4% in Germany. The writer contends and explains why Japan's FDI flows are crucial for economic development and growth in other nations as well as on its own shores. This paper delves into the various programs instituted by the Japan Investment Council, which is geared towards making the public aware of the role of Japan's FDI and its overall importance to the economy.
Table of Contents:
Executive Summary (Abstract)
Background
History
Statement of Problem
Research
References Cited
From the Paper
"As of September 2004, foreign-affiliated firms employed some 1.02 million workers in Japan, JETRO research finds. This figure represents only 2.4 percent of Japan's total permanent workforce and lags well behind that of other developed countries such as the U.S. at 5.5 percent and Germany at 5.4 percent. In Japan's finance/insurance sector, however, the share of foreign-affiliated company employment accounted for 8.2 percent of the sector's total permanent workforce. Subsidiaries of foreign companies employ the most, at 598,657 workers, followed by sub-subsidiaries at 373,566, and Japanese branches of foreign-owned companies, at 51,218. By industry category, affiliates in the manufacturing industry employ the most, at 37.4 percent, followed closely by the wholesale, retail and restaurant sector, which accounts for 34.1 percent of the total figure for Japan."
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Environmental Factors vs. Economic Development, 2006.
This paper analyzes the manner in which environmental factors impact on the economic development of the United States and Japan.
1,889 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper delves into the close relationship between the U.S. and Japan, while discussing the mutual advantages of increased economic trade and strategic military alliances in response to a growing threat from North Korea. The writer of this paper analyzes how particular environmental factors, such as social background, political systems, regulatory requirements, educational levels and religions have influenced the economic development of both nations. This paper compares the differences and similarities between the U.S. and Japan on a variety of topics, including religion and literacy. The U.S. is at a slight disadvantage compared to Japan in terms of literacy rates, 97% of the population over the age of 15 years is literate, compared to 99% in Japan. According to the World Bank, however, the U.S. scored slightly ahead of Japan in terms of overall educational opportunities. This paper also presents various graphs and tables, illustrating the scores and economic placements of both the U.S. and Japan, as cited in the World Bank's Knowledge Economy Index.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Review and Analysis
Comparison and Analysis of Key Metrics
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Companies that compete within a regulated environment are subject to legal and economic constraints that are not faced by firms in unregulated environments; consequently, such companies are exposed to high levels of determinism which can severely limit the strategic choices available. According to Carlile and Tilton, there is a significant challenge involved in understanding the Japanese regulatory environment for those whose primary frame of reference is the regulatory environment found in Western countries. The fiscal situation that emerged was even worse than that which had induced the 1980s administrative reform movement, and Japan's debt level quickly soared to the highest level among the leading advanced industrialized countries. With the official discount rate eventually dropping to 0.5 percent, further lowering of interest rates was not an option."
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Culture's Impact on Economic Development, 2004.
Questions whether cultural values that are conducive to business are a cause or an outcome of economic development and whether their role has been exaggerated.
1,608 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This essay assesses two theoretical approaches (culturalist and culture-free perspective) on culture's impact on economic development and gives a sound response on whether the cultural issue has been exaggerated. Furthermore, this essay compares the economic development of growing Japan and declining Britain, in order to demonstrate the application of both views on real cases. The paper includes a table.
Paper Outline:
Introduction
Culture's Impact on Economic Development
Conclusion
Reference List
From the Paper
"Lewis, Fitzgerald and Harvey (1996) particularly outline Neo-Confucianism's focus on savings and education to be the underlying cause of economic development. High rates of physical capital formation can be attributed to the Confucian values. "Savings are important to economic growth because they make investment possible, and investment is crucial to the upgrading of an economy over time" (Lewis, et al, 1996:65). Japanese competitive advantage of skilled labour is also the result of Confucianism's importance on education. "Most impressive perhaps is the fact that the expansion of enrolment in secondary schools and higher education in these countries over this time was higher than that of any other group of countries" (Lewis, et al, 1996:66)."
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Asian Economic Development, 2002.
The following paper examines why economists predict that although the crisis in East and Southeast Asia has slowed the rate of development, it is not likely to change the ultimate direction of market evolution.
2,120 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the current state of Asian economic development; the principles upon which Asian economic recovery depends, and then compares and contrasts several countries, notably China and Japan, in view of their attitudes, development and potential for economic dominance in the region.
From the Paper
"In 1997, Thailand floated the baht, marking the beginning of a currency crisis that would eventually spread to other parts of Asia and to emerging markets such as Brazil and Russia. In Asia, the outflow of investment was massive. The five hardest hit economies -- South Korea, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and the Philippines -- saw net capital flows reverse by more than $100 billion in a year. All over Asia, companies went bankrupt, banks loans soured and the number of property repossessions skyrocketed and millions of people lost their jobs. The situation, named the "Asian flu" quickly became the focal point of numerous conferences, editorials and a small library of books as economists and academics debated the causes and the cures."
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Japanese Post-World War II Economic Development, 2002.
A look at the cultural advantages of Japan's post-war economic miracle.
3,650 words (approx. 14.6 pages), 16 sources, $ 133.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that some elements of pre-World War II Japanese culture proved to be advantages to the processes of economic reconstruction as they took hold in the first decades after 1945. If the Japanese recovery is looked at in terms of class and economy only, the Japanese defeat in World War II signaled a complete break from the imperial ethos, which had dominated national culture and contributed to practically every aspect of Japanese cultural and economic life. When Japanese post-war economic development is explored in ways which include cultural advantages, however, the so-called "miracle" of reconstruction begins to seem somewhat more predictable.
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"Japan's Economic Dilemma", 2002.
The writer looks at Bai Gao's book "Japan's Economic Dilemma" and how Bai Gao makes an effort to simultaneously explain the previous success of the Japanese economy as well as its contemporary fiasco.
1,327 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the national objectives of Japan: Economic growth, social stability, and the peculiar Japanese methodologies to achieve each. The writer of this paper shows economic growth of Japan in the postwar period. Itconcludes with an explanation on the cause and effect relationship between the monetary as well as the non-monetary characteristics that led to the recession.
From the Paper
"The integral and compatible functioning of these two systems brings about an upsurge in government spending, resulting in boosting end-user spending, as well as corporate and commercial investments. Thus, if the systems were effectively sustained, the economy could be revived from the recession era, compensating for and recovering the losses incurred through the slump."
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The Japan Philippines Economic Partnership Agreement (JPEPA), 2007.
This paper examines the Japan Philippines Economic Partnership Agreement (JPEPA) from the standpoint of the Philippines.
2,600 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 23 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper extensively analyzes the bottom line of the Japan Philippines Economic Partnership Agreement (JPEPA). Though the paper looks at the agreement from both participant-country's perspectives, it lingers more on the Philippine's viewpoint - a show of how third-world countries are not really disadvantaged despite some downsides. The paper then takes a turn and looks at the entirety of bilateral agreements to judge their effectiveness, in light of this example.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
A Closer Look at JPEPA
Issue against JPEPA
Final Judgment on JPEPA
From the Paper
"Both Japan and Philippines realize the importance of Information and Communications Technolgy (ICT) in local and international businesses today. Because of this, JPEPA proposes to promote the development of ICT through electronic commerce, promoting the use of ICT-related services to consumers, human resource development related to ICT, formulation and development of network security system and research and development. If these are properly implemented, then more people will be expected to have a better knowledge in applying ICT."
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Japan's Economic Crisis, 2001.
This paper examines Japan's current economic problems.
3,305 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper is an in-depth analysis of the affects of September 11th on the Japanese economy. Several different factors contributing to the deepening recession in Japan are examined in detail, including unemployment statistics, the findings of the Bank of Japan's Tanken survey, suicide figures and corporate restructuring. The changes in people's behavior, including expense accounts, dress and spending habits as a result of this recession and the change in Japan's credit rating and its affect on how government policy is affected by this change are also discussed in detail. The author also presents some of the government's policy attempts at dealing with this problem including new economic policies, tax reform, privatization schemes and the restructuring of the banking system. The effects that this has had on Japan's relations with China, especially in its trade relations are also discussed in detail.
Extensive bibliography but no footnotes, or endnotes.
From the Paper
"According to a recent article in Bloomberg News entitled ?Think Japan?s Economy is Bad Now? Just Wait,? the situation will only get worse.' ? ?It?s here where things get ugly,? ? the article states. ? ?As unemployment rises beyond today?s record 5 percent, consumers may spend less. If already frugal households buy less, corporate profits fall further and so do asset values. Banks, then, may be forced to let more companies fail, boosting unemployment and reducing corporate profits. And so on and so on.? ? This is the very cycle Japan?s policy makers have been dreading for years. To date, Tokyo has held things together with ultra-low interest rates and aggressive fiscal spending. Now that borrowing costs are at zero percent and Tokyo has papered markets with more bonds than investors can use, that?s no longer possible. Credit rating agencies are sniffing around Japan?s finances, wondering if it?s time for another downgrade."
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Japan's Economic Crisis, 2005.
Explores and discusses Japan's recent economic problems.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the problems of the Japanese economy in recent years, and provides a critical discussion of the measures taken by Japan to resolve these problems. The paper also discusses the need to revitalize the Japanese economy.
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U.S.-Japan Economic Relations, 1994.
This paper discusses U.S.-Japan economic relations: Background, global accounts, trade imbalance, savings and investing, yen-dollar relationship, strategies, Clinton's policy, negotiations and problems and solutions.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 8 sources, $ 79.95
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From the Paper
I"Does the United States face a trade crisis with Japan? Are the Japanese competing unfairly by not allowing American goods into their markets while "dumping" their goods into the United States? Does the trade imbalance that the United States has with Japan indicate that the US economy is destined for weakness? These questions have received much attention by the American media recently, and there have been charges that America is selling its heritage and economic strength to the Japanese. Some Americans, mired in recession, have turned to "Japan-bashing" and place the responsibility for the trade situation with Japan solely on the Japanese. ... take on the complicated issue of trade between America and Japan, and move beyond the headlines ... "
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The Four Tigers and Japan: An Economic Model?, 2006.
A review of the economic models of Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 5 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the and contrasts the East Asian miracle economies of Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore. It further weighs the commonalities between these national economies in order to determine whether there is an economic model that can be transferred to other societies. The conclusion this paper reaches, is that there is not, as the differences are too great and even the commonalities are obsolete in the new global economy.
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Japan's Economic Crisis, 2004.
An examination of the effects of the continuing economic crisis on the Japanese economy.
2,477 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
Japan is currently in its worst recession since World War II. The country?s economy slowed dramatically in the early 1990s after the bubble economy of the 1970s and 1980s. This paper takes a detailed look at what caused Japan?s economic crisis and subsequent problems related to the declining Gross Domestic Product (GDP), failed stimulus packages, banking inefficiencies, ineffective interest rate policies, deflation, currency devaluation, and Japan?s aging population. Given a consideration of all these factors, the writer makes recommendations most likely to have a positive impact in rejuvenating Japan?s struggling economy. The paper concludes that Japan?s best course of action includes raising its nominal GDP by increasing its monetary base, engaging in massive bank restructuring, using inflation targeting techniques, and putting distressed real estate and other foreclosed collateral on the market.
From the Paper
"In early 1990, the Bank of Japan raised interest rates and put a squeeze on credit. But it was done too abruptly. As a result, the Stock Exchange soon lost half its value and property prices dropped by sixty percent to eighty percent. The banks, finding themselves with a mountain of bad debt, drastically cut back credit. This in turn led to the collapse of thousands of small and medium-sized companies. All this has created a profound sense of shock contributing to negative growth. The Unemployment rate of 5.4 percent in 2002 now stands higher than at any point since 1953."
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Japan's Rise to Economic Superpower, 2006.
A look at the the interactions and relationships of interdependence that characterize Japan's relations with other nations of the Pacific Rim.
2,118 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the rise of Japan to the position of an economic superpower and discusses how the Japanese economic expansion has changed its relations with other nations on the Pacific Rim. It also examines how optimal productivity and profitability will best be achieved through a foundation of cooperation and collaboration of the Pacific Rim countries that emphasize the creation of democracies in the region and an adherence to human rights.
Outline
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
Pacific Rim Countries
Key Issues in Asia Empowerment
Recession and Productivity Factors in Japanese Economy
Industrial Policy as an Economical Factor
Summary & Conclusion
Recommendations of the Study
From the Paper
"'Japan has the largest car industry worldwide. The agriculture sector is one that is smaller and stated to be "in decline" with "far fewer people...involved in growing food now than a few decades ago and crop production is falling." The most important of all Japan's economics sectors is that of industry with 30 percent of the workforce being employed in the automotive industry. This is a problem due to heavy reliance on imports in terms of raw material and fuel. (Twenty-First Century Online, 2005) Japan's growth rate of 5 percent is the highest among the G7 countries. Japan is expected by many authorities to replace the United States as the pre-eminent economic superpower in Pacific Asia."
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Japan's Economic Miracle, 2002.
An analysis of the causes and effects of Japan's post-WWII economic expansion.
1,142 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
Following WWII, Japan transformed itself from an island of ruins to one of the most powerful economic powerhouses in the world. This paper attempts to understand how this transition took place and the consequences of the transition on Japanese society.
From the Paper
"By the end of World War II, Japan's economy lay in ruin. By 1973, it was the third largest in the world. This transformation is heralded as arguably the greatest economic achievement of the twentieth century, and with due reason. However, it also carried with it destructive social and moral consequences that deeply affected the fragile post-war Japanese society. Thus, the "economic miracle" of Japan could be aptly termed both a blessing and a curse, a path to redemption, and, at the same time, a decent to a frightening level of greed, corruption, and perceptible moral degeneration."
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