| Papers [1-15] of 80 :: [Page 1 of 6] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 —> | Search results on "IVAN PAVLOV": |
|
|
Ivan Pavlov, 2007.
This paper gives a brief biography of Ivan Pavlov.
1,259 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 42.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper presents a biography of Ivan Pavlov's life, with special attention to his upbringing and education. The paper traces the influences in Pavlov's life that caused him to leave religion behind and become interested in psychiatry. The paper also describes Pavlov's theories of conditioned responses and his contributions to modern psychology.
From the Paper
"Born September 14, 1849 at Ryanzan where his father Peter Dmitrievich Pavlov was a village priest, Ivan Petrovich Pavlov was educated first at the church school and then at the theological seminary in Ryanzan (Ivan 1967).
He was so inspired by the progressive ideas of the eminent Russian literary critic D. I. Pisarev and by I. M. Sechenov, the father of Russian physiology, that Pavlov abandoned his religious career to devote his life to science, and in 1870, enrolled in the physics and mathematics faculty to study natural science (Ivan 1967). Ivan Pavlov's contributions to psychology are among the most important in the history of psychology (Dewsbury 933)."
| |
|
Snake Phobia, 2004.
Examines how Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and Ivan Pavlov would have dealt with a the fear of snakes.
1,431 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 47.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper takes one case of a woman suffering from a snake phobia and adapts it to show how three great psychotherapists in history would have treated the problem based on their own theories. The therapists discussed are Sigmund Freud (1856-1949), Ivan Pavlov (1849-1946), and Carl Jung (1875-1961).
From the Paper
"The Russian Ivan Pavlov, were he to meet the female patient afraid of snakes, however, would be much more apt to focus on alleviating her immediate anxieties through conditioning, rather than probing into her past. As a therapist and a scientist of the human mind, Pavlov focused on the ability to alter the immediate displays of human behavior, and the importance of operant conditioning in human behavior. Pavlov acknowledged the biological impulses to human responses in the form of an innate reflex, ?an instinctive and unlearned reaction to a stimulus. However, a ?conditioned reflex is learned, either through negative or positive stimuli. The fear of snakes is a learned reflex, as young children who would play with snakes and other reptiles with innocent fascination are soon taught to fear by example or stimuli i.e., a mother screams and pulls her child away from a harmless garter snake,? perhaps reinforcing the gesture with a statement of horror. (Pavlov, 2003)"
| |
|
Educational Psychology and Learning Theories, 2002.
An overview of educational psychology and the learning theories of Ivan Pavlov and B.F.Skinner.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 44.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper presents a critical review on the learning theories of educational psychologists, Ivan Pavlov and B.F.Skinner. Educational psychologists create achievement tests, develop learning aids and curricula, study cognitive development, and investigate psychological issues in the classroom, including adjustment problems and teacher-pupil interaction.
| |
|
Behaviorism: A Work in Progress, 2008.
An examination of individuals and theories of Ivan Pavlov, John Locke, John Watson and Burrhus Frederic Skinner and their impact on the theory of behaviorism.
3,121 words (approx. 12.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 90.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses and defines the theory of behaviorism and how it relates to present day therapy. The paper examines many historical scientists' theories and ideas which provided the needed information so that behaviorism could be born. It also explains how John Watson is considered the founder of behaviorism even though the theory has been documented back to the times of Aristotle. The historical roots of behaviorism and present day uses are also examined in this paper.
Outline:
Abstract
Behaviorism
History of Behaviorism
John Watson: Behaviorism
Ivan Pavlov: Classical Conditioning
John Locke: Tabula Rasa
B.F. Skinner: Operant Conditioning
Aristotle
Current Use
From the Paper
"Throughout history, many scholars have theorized that environment plays an important role in defining the outcome of an individual. Aristotle first hypothesized that the mind of or psyche of a person existed because of external factors. Other theorist expounded on this premise until John Watson made it a focus of his studies of behavior. Behaviorism projects that individuals are products of their experiences and have become who they are because of conditioning. John Watson, who is credited with Behaviorism made the comment that he could take twelve healthy infants and take any one of them and mold them into any given occupation regardless of genetics, race, talents and/or abilities. Watson believed that all "healthy" individuals are the same at birth but are only differentiated by the specific stimuli in their own experiences throughout their lives."
| |
|
"Ivan, the Terrible", 2006.
A description of the life of Tsar Ivan Vasliyevich Groznyi as presented by Andrei Pavlov and Maureen Perrie in their historical book "Ivan, the Terrible".
2,100 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 0 sources, $ 65.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The image of the "Terrible Tsar" has resonated profoundly in both popular historical imagination and the hearts of the Russian people for hundreds of years. This paper examines how Andrei Pavlov and Maureen Perrie reexamine the sadist tsar's rule under equitable microscope, finding a powerful leader whose religious and personal beliefs birthed a powerful Russian led by a dangerous Renaissance prince. It looks at how they present Ivan as a leader obsessed with his unlimited rule, infuriated by his power struggles and powerfully devout to a stately religion and how he also achieved a system of autocratic rule yet previously not witnessed in Russia.
From the Paper
"As he tended to greatness that might serve to further cultivate his own crown, he denied those less glorified even the hope of upward mobility, not only socially, but also politically, and geographically. In 1553, his abrupt change from expansion and focus on the building of the nation came at the same time as his near-fatal illness; historians traditionally associate his fear of death and illness to his approach to life and the manner in which he led his territory. This socio-interpersonal change was made greater by the death of his first wife, Anastasia Romanovna, whom the ruler suspected to have been poisoned by the boyars in hopes of putting his cousin Vladimir on the throne."
| |
|
Ivan the Terrible, 2007.
This paper portrays the violent rule of Ivan IV, known as Ivan the Terrible.
5,614 words (approx. 22.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 136.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper illustrates the terrors and unremitting hostility of Ivan IV and shows how Russia suffered greatly under his leadership. The paper discusses how, although Ivan started out with improvements for Russia in mind and certainly had the intelligence and political pull to accomplish great things, he allowed himself and his government to get dragged down in impossible battles. The paper shows how due to his mental state, Ivan ran his government in a formidable way and was considered fearsome by many of his subjects. The paper concludes that Ivan perpetuated the flawed system and created deep animosities that would cause more problems in the future.
From the Paper
"The baby destined to be Ivan IV was born to Tsar Vasily III and his second wife, Elena Glinskaia. Vasily III was much older than Ivan's mother. By the time Ivan was born, he was desperate for a son to be the future tsar of Russia. Vasily's first wife, Solomonia, never produced a child of either sex. After years of marriage, Vasily pursued a controversial divorce and re-marriage. Vasily received permission for his new marriage from the Metropolitan Daniel in Russia, however, Vasily wanted assurance from a higher power and sought approval from the Greek Patriarch who may have inadvertently cursed the unborn Ivan. The Patriarch wrote to Vasily, "if you contract a second marriage, you will have a wicked son; your states will be prey to terror and tears; rivers of blood will flow; the heads of the mighty will fall; your cities will be devoured by flames.""
| |
|
Euthanasia and Ivan Ilych., 2002.
Discusses the idea of euthanasia as portrayed by the character Ivan Ilyich in Leo Tolstoy's novel.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 53.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
All forms of life have an end. Tolstoy gave us a wholly unsympathetic character in the form of Ivan Ilyich. Ivan Ilych is embarrassed that someone should see him is his condition, "but just through this most unpleasant matter, Ivan Ilych obtained comfort." Ivan Ilych is "touched" by Gerasim's unconditional caring, but it never occurs to him that he should act the same way. Even in Ivan Ilych's death, Gerasim is at task. Ivan Ilych is dead, yet Gerasim feels compelled to maintain his aura of dignity to the last.
| |
|
The Death of Ivan Ilych, 2005.
This paper is an argumentative essay about Ivan Ilych's death in Tolstoy's "The Death of Ivan Ilych."
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
An argumentative essay that argues that Ivan Ilych's death, in Tolstoy's "The Death of Ivan Ilych," makes him aware of how meaningless his existence has been. The paper explains that this was because he was trying to please others by his actions in life due to living under an oppressive regime of coercion and violence.
From the Paper
"In Leo Tolstoy's "The Death of Ivan Ilych" the novella revolves around the theme of death. At the beginning of the story, Peter Ivanovich exclaims while reading The Gazette; "Gentleman, Ivan Ilych has died." A Member of the Court of Justice, Ivan has led a common life of superficiality, little recognizing that his life is empty of meaning or purpose until he is confronted with his death."
| |
|
Finding Meaning: Tolstoy's "The Death of Ivan Ilych", 2001.
This paper examines how Tolstoy attempts to persuade us to find meaning in life by presenting two distinct sets of supporting characters and by demonstrating why Ivan Ilych is afraid to die and what causes his suffering.
2,180 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 1 source, $ 67.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper analyzes the title character of Leo Tolstoy?s "The Death of Ivan Ilych", making clear the author?s intention that each of us must discover how to lead a meaningful life. Tolstoy attempts to persuade us to his point of view by presenting two distinct sets of supporting characters and by demonstrating why Ivan Ilych is afraid to die and what causes his suffering. In addition, Tolstoy warns of the social conditions that prevent most people from accomplishing in life what Ivan Ilych could only achieve in death.
From the paper:
"Two hours before his death Ivan Ilych finally asks the right question. After three days of screaming through agonizing pain, he laments that his life ?was all not the right thing,? and passes into death wondering ?what is the right thing?? (151). With this final realization and questioning, the title character of Leo Tolstoy?s "The Death of Ivan Ilych" makes clear the author?s intention that each of us must find the right thing and discover how to lead a meaningful life. Tolstoy explains that even at this final moment, Ivan Ilych is capable of redeeming himself and making this discovery, that though his life had not been what it should have been, this could still be rectified (151). If Ivan Ilych can do it at the last minute, the rest of us still can."
| |
|
'The Death of Ivan Ilych', 2007.
This paper discusses the foreshadowing and interconnectedness of both physical and spiritual death demonstrated in Lev Tolstoy's short story, "The Death of Ivan Ilych".
1,204 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 41.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In this article, the writer examines that within Lev Tolstoy's short story "The Death of Ivan Ilych", the title character, a materialistic and shallow member of the 19th century Russian bourgeoisie named Ivan Ilych, actually experiences two separate deaths: a physical death and a spiritual death. In this essay, the writer discusses the process of Ivan Ilych's spiritual death and rebirth within the story. The writer looks at the way in which Tolstoy foreshadows both Ivan's death and spiritual rebirth throughout the story. Further, the writer discusses ways that these two deaths that Ivan Ilych experiences are interconnected.
From the Paper
"This is the first foreshadowing Tolstoy provides the reader of Ivan Ilych's later death from complications due to this injury.
Undaunted for now, however, Ivan soon begins his new job, and a day to day existence that is comfortable but middling, unremarkable, and in fact quite bereft on any meaningfulness, emotional engagement, of deep (or even varied) feelings. In fact, as Tolstoy implies, Ivan's job and life are a sort of living death."
| |
|
Isolation and Illusions in "The Death of Ivan Ilyich", 2007.
An analysis of the isolation and illusions in "The Death of Ivan Ilyich" by Leo Tolstoy.
860 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 30.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper examines how the character of Ivan, in Tolstoy's "The Death of Ivan Ilyich", gradually isolates himself from his environment through a series of revelations concerning the nature of his society. The paper discusses how, after Ivan's accidental fall, Ivan's need for understanding and empathy strips the illusions from his relationships and exacerbates his isolation from the family, professional and social relationships that comprised his life.
From the Paper
"Ivan is repeatedly described as holding himself 'aloof' from the others who inhabit his world, and the recollection of his life that comprise the majority of the text describe how Ivan's isolation began long before his accident. "[F]rom earliest youth [Ivan] had been drawn to those who stood above him...he had adopted their manners and views, and he had established friendly relations with them" (241). In his attempt to associate himself with those elders and symbols of success through imitation, Ivan isolated himself from his peers and began the lifelong quest for satisfaction through superficial goals. His marriage reinforces this tendency, for he "married her because...in acquiring this particular wife he did what brought him pleasure as well as doing what those in high position considered it proper" (246). His marriage is based solely on the need to present the right appearance, and consequently the realities of the relationship, in the necessity to devote thought and attention to his wife, become to him an 'unpleasantness' that he must escape from."
| |
|
Relevance of Ivan Ilych, 2007.
This paper discusses Leo Tolstoy's book "The Death of Ivan Ilych" and looks at its relevance today.
1,323 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
In this study of "The Death of Ivan Ilych" by Leo Tolstoy, the writer notes that the book is very relevant today because of its message concerning living an empty life, one that is filled with pursuing all the wrong things. The writer points out that Tolstoy gets straight to the truth about life and how it should be lived, in this story about a very ordinary man that realizes he has wasted his life. The writer discusses that Ivan shows how people can become manipulated by egotism, falsity, and hypocrisy and waste their lives chasing these things in vain. Further, the writer demonstrates that the story is pertinent today, because we find many individuals living the same kind of life that Ivan did without even knowing it. In addition, the writer discusses that death is inevitable and instead of chasing after empty ideals, man should think of life beyond death. The writer concludes that through this point of view, one sees how Tolstoy was a severe realist, which allows his message and social commentary to remain just as significant today as ever.
From the Paper
"The phsyical death that Ivan endures is "merely the last phase of mortality" . From this perspective, we can see how Tolstoy inserts his belief that all things in life are coverings for the reality of death. In short, death is inevitable. How Tolstoy approaches this particular death forces us to think about the meaning of our own lives. Death is more than death. When we see Ivan's attitude change, we see a ray of hope that we can life a life that is right, good and satisfying, if we choose. What we must realize is that the choices are difficult and sometimes not always clear. This is the truth of Ivan's life.
This notion leads us to another concept that Tolstoy supported, which was that one must listen to his or her own inner voice. This is a problem our society struggles with today because we are constantly bombarded with messages from every angle. If we do not find our own voice and find our own way, we will surely be lead atray by meaningless efforts."
| |
|
?The Death of Ivan Ilych?, 2002.
A discussion of the theme of death in ?The Death of Ivan Ilych? by Leo Tolstoy.
1,536 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses how the experience of one?s own death represents a major theme developed by Leo Tolstoy in "The Death of Ivan Ilych". It looks at how this theme begins its unfolding even in the opening to the story as Ivan?s obituary in the local ?Gazette? is shared amongst some of his old friend and colleagues. It examines how although the other characters are used throughout the story, "The Death of Ivan Ilych" is largely a tale of the individual?s experience with his/her death.
From the Paper
"Ultimately, Tolstoy?s story is one that demonstrates to humans how each of us can gain some control over that which seems beyond our control. As suggested by Kamm (2003), from a philosophical perspective, the experiences of Ivan as he confronts his death teaches us that we can have some control over our deaths, including the process of dying and what death it self signifies (i.e., the end of our mortal selves and existence), by how we choose to live it. As Tolstoy unravels Ivan?s ongoing groping with his own mortality, the reader is faced with the challenge of considering his/her own life and the manner in which he/she presently has lived and continues to live in order to avoid finding himself/herself in the same situation as Ivan ? dying with the knowledge that life has not been well lived."
| |
|
"The Death of Ivan Ilych", 2007.
This paper focuses on the elements of shame and forgiveness in "The Death of Ivan Ilych" by Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy.
863 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 30.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The paper examines the way that Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy addresses shame and forgiveness within the novel "The Death of Ivan Ilych." The paper discusses how Ivan's illness highlights the issue of shame on himself and his family. The paper shows how Ivan is able to come to terms with this reality and forgive his family and friends.
From the Paper
"The novel The Death of Ivan Ilych by Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy reflects the way and manner in which shame overtakes the life's work of Ivan Ilych. The first chapter begins at the funeral of Ilych, marking the crudities and shallow attitudes that Ivan's wife and friends impart on his memory. The casual and arrogant stoicism that Peter Ivanovich and Ivan's sister reflect in their behaviors, signifies that they only seek security and status in complete disregard for the work that Ivan had accomplished in his life. Tolstoy infuses the shame of the Ilych family by portraying the end of the story, and the callous and inhumane nature of the characters he creates within the text."
| |
|
Leo Tolstoy's "The Death of Ivan Illych", 2007.
This paper is a chapter-by-chapter detailed summary of Leo Tolstoy's "The Death of Ivan Illych".
4,665 words (approx. 18.7 pages), 0 sources, $ 120.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that "The Death of Ivan Illych" by Leo Tolstoy is a story inspired by the death of the writer's own brother. The author points out that this novel, written in Russia in 1886, is about a man's realization of the worthlessness of his life due to his impending death. The paper relates that Ivan Illych, who was a man of apparent wealth and status according to external standards, was an ideal of success; however, despite what was assumed by the surrounding community, Ivan Illych's life was empty and hollow--he felt desolate and abandoned.
From the Paper
"When the annoyed Peter Ivanovich, one of Ivan Illych's dearest friends, went to the funeral scheduled for one o' clock that day, he was somewhat surprised at the attitude of Mrs. Ivan Illych. Figuring he would be needed to comfort her, Peter was essentially desired by Praskovya to discuss the possibility of obtaining a grant of money from the government on the occasion of her husband's death. Even Praskovya Fedorovna Golovina could not help but to expose her selfishness; rather than speaking sympathetically of the agonizing pain her husband endured during the last days of his life, ..."
|
|
|
