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Italian Culture, 2002.
A paper which discusses Italian culture in terms of the language, values and beliefs.
600 words (approx. 2.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 21.95
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Abstract
Although Italy is known for its rich culture specifically in the field of art and architecture, this paper discusses the culture of the country in terms of the peoples? language (the Italian language) and values and beliefs. Two important sociological and communicative values are used in analyzing the culture of Italy. The language of Italy is discussed and analyzed using the value of implicit/explicit- rule culture, while the values and norms in the society will be analyzed according to the value of uncertainty acceptance/ rejection.
From the Paper
'One of the rules followed in the Italian language is that whenever a sentence is constructed and has subjects in the plural form, the noun or adjective that follows or precedes the subject becomes masculine in form, if the subject (the group of people being talked about) contains one male member in it. Thus, the sentence, ?Marta, Carol, e Mario sonno belli? (Marta, Carol, and, Mario are good/kind)? shows that the adjective ?good/kind? (bello-M/singular, bella-F/singular, belli-M/plural) was transformed into the masculine and plural form of ?belli,? despite the major presence of Marta and Carol in the sentence (outnumbering Mario, a male, in the sentence in numbers). Thus, the rules of Italian language imply and suggest the sexist Italian society, wherein greater dependency and value to the male gender is emphasized. In fact, Italian greatly expresses the patriarchal society in Italy, evidently implied from the rules of language of Italy."
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Culture Versus Structure in New York, 2002.
A comparative analysis of the culture of Blacks and Italians in New York City at the turn of the century (1900).
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper will present a different culture versus structure analysis of two groups. American Blacks will be used as one of the racial groups. They are a highly significant group around 1900 in New York City. They were not immigrants as such. However, many did migrate to the north from the south where they established Harlem. They share many of the characteristics of the other immigrant groups, which are usually studied as immigrant groups. The other groups included in the comparison are the Italian immigrants to New York City, particularly from Calabria. Calabria, like the American south at that time, was a poor part of Italy and Calabrese (like American blacks), were often considered inferior to other Italians.
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Americanization of Italians, 2006.
An assessment of cultural assimilation of Italian Americans, as demonstrated in literature and film.
1,600 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the Americanization of Italian immigrants, as seen in
the novels "All the Nations Under Heaven" by Kenneth Jackson and "The Fortunate Pilgrim" by Mario Puzo and the films "Goodfellas" and "Raging Bull", directed by Martin Scorsese. By analyzing these works, the paper attempts to demonstrate that the immigration of Italians to America caused a dramatic shift in their sense of family values and relationships. The paper explains that the Italian family was once the basis of the collective society within traditional Italian culture, but in America the family dissolved into its respective parts -- i.e. the individuals. The paper goes on to show how these individuals interacted with American ideals and morals to establish a new way of life for their progeny, the American-born Italians.
From the Paper
"Traditional Italian households centered on the family rather than the individual pieces of the family. This type of collective culturalization tended to express gratifying feelings toward the family rather than personal feelings. However, as the immigration process initiated, the family bond began to weaken in Italian culture as the male patriarchs transcended the seas, leaving behind their cherished families. "Unlike Jews, who came largely as families, and the Irish immigration, in which women were in the majority for many years, Italian newcomers were at first mostly young men who often emigrated with the intention of making enough money in America with which to return home and purchase land."(ANUH , 135-136) With the money they received from work, the Italian men would then bring their kin over The Italian males received the first taste of independence that has lingered throughout their lives and led to the dissolving family values system."
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Italian Slums in Boston in the 1930s-40s, 2008.
A review of William Foote Whyte's book "Street Corner Society: The Social Structure of an Italian Slum".
744 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This book review analyzes the premise of social organization that is represented within William Foote Whyte's social analysis of Italian culture in North Boston in his book "Street Corner Society: The Social Structure of an Italian Slum". The paper points out that, although the premise of Whyte's study focuses on the lower class ethnic community of the Italian immigrant culture, he invariably provides an unbiased view of both the educated and uneducated classes within this socially organized, tightly knit social group. In conclusion, the paper maintains that Whyte provides an innovative sociological perspective in his study of sociological cluster groups that dispels the stereotypical dualism of the educated and the uneducated that were far more intermixed in these diverse social strata.
From the Paper
"A common misperception of the poor is that they have little social organization or that they are not part of the majority of Americans that partake in social organizational processes. Whyte was a pioneer in the 1930s and 1940s at providing an unbiased social analysis of the Italian slum culture, which provided a wide variety of social organization within gang culture, as well as clubs that were formed to bring cultural unity to North Boston. Whyte actually lived amongst these peoples, and provides direct evidence of these types of organizations, such as Doc's gang in section I. Doc is an uneducated young man in Whyte's (1993) research that had control over the Norton Gang in the area."
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Italian Immigration: 1950?1970, 2006.
This well-researched paper analyzes the post-WWII rise in European immigration to America, while focusing primarily on Italy's immigrants between 1950-1970.
4,246 words (approx. 17.0 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 112.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the factors responsible for the rise in European immigration to the U.S. after WWII. This in-depth paper focuses on the many struggles encountered by Italian immigrants to America between 1950-1970. The writer of this paper details how the segregation of the Italian immigrant community was similar to that suffered by African-Americans. The segregation of Italians was not publicly acknowledged, but existed nonetheless as a force in keeping them congregated in their own neighborhoods and denying them equal access to the U.S. economic and political systems. The negative perception of the Italian culture was further intensified by the rise of the mafia and the presence of organized crime which led to further widespread prejudice. The writer describes the 1950s as an era in which the WASP element of society was preferred even though the overt prejudice against the Irish and Roman Catholics had been reduced. This paper explores religion which was an important element in Italian life. Family and religious life formed a core to the Italian culture and their neighborhoods offered an enclave of life in the old country to newcomers. This paper also contains relevant information as to how the immigrants dealt with day-to-day life in America, from employment to education.
From the Paper
"The immigrants with the least education were those most likely to be employed in low paying jobs. Even with minimum wage legislation, it was difficult to earn a living and wives frequently were forced to work part time as seamstresses or domestic servants to supplement the family income. As the higher paying jobs moved to the suburbs, those who were poorest were least able to relocate in search of employment. In The Other America, author Michael Harrington says one of the most self-perpetuating aspects of poverty is the inability to move, physically and mentally. When considered in the physical sense, poverty itself brings about segregation that further alienates immigrants from the mainstream of society."
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Italian Renaissance and Artists, 2004.
An examination of the influence that Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael had on the European culture during the Renaissance.
2,508 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
Renaissance (?Rebirth?) refers to the period after the Middle Ages when a series of dynamic intellectual, cultural, and artistic movements, from the 14th to 16th century, catapulted Europe towards rapid development, leading to the Age of Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution and modern times. During this rich period of exciting developments in arts, sciences, and politics, Italy was the major catalyst and became the cultural leader of Europe. It also produced several outstanding artists, such as Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Raphael, who changed the face of European art forever and are worthy representatives of the Renaissance era. This paper is about the Italian Renaissance and the impact of the three great artists on European culture.
Outline
Background
Italian Renaissance and its Emphasis on Art
Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519)
Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564)
Raphael (1483-1520)
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The period following the eclipse of the Roman Empire around 500 AD until the start of the ?Renaissance? at the start of the 14th century is known in history as the Middle Ages of Europe. The period saw the rise of Christianity and the power of the Church that became a major influence in culture as well as politics. The Christian doctrine focused on salvation and the life hereafter and de-emphasized the worldly life and possessions. The period also saw the rise and spread of Islam, although most of Europe remained under the Byzantine Empire and a fragmented West. Italy?s cities and towns in general became largely depopulated and the country, as a whole, became a rural society after the fall of the Roman Empire. This situation lasted until the 11th-12th century when Italy?s strategic location on the trade routes between Western Europe and the Muslim world and Asia helped revive commercial and trade activity in the region."
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Italian-American Women in Literature, 2005.
This paper discusses the evolving and multifaceted roles of Italian-American women in literature through the eyes of Italian-American male and female authors.
2,110 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that stereotypes from whores to the Holy Madonna incarnation encompass the multi-faceted and contradictory roles of Italian-American women in Italian-American literature written by both Italian-American men and women. The author points out that the literature relates that social class, differences in religiosity, the American tradition and construction of success and the often contradictory ways the familial and immigrant experience, have come into conflict with the female experience in American. The paper reviews Pietro di Donato's relatively early novel "Christ in Concrete", Mario Puzo's "The Godfather", Helen Barolini's novel "Umbertina" and her collection of personal and scholarly entitled essays "Chiaroscuro" and Evidge Giunta's text "Writing With an Accent" to demonstrate that beneath these narrow stereotypes more complex and individuated roles of Italian-American women's life do emerge.
From the Paper
"These images emerge in the depicted reality of nonfiction as well as fictional life come forth, as these women are seen engaged in child rearing, showing impressive work ethics to enable their families to survive, laboring as well as suffering in the role of daughter, and as these women show their strength in their roles of mother as well as their silent compassion. Gradually, as Italian women themselves began to speak, Italian women and authors have grown fluent at showing female Italian working and middle-class sexuality as well as images of long-enduring Mediterranean fortitude, women alone in the role of a wife bent over a stove bubbling with red hot gravy and meatballs smelling of garlic and onions."
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Multi-Cultural America, 2002.
A look at the Italian-American ethnic group and their contributions to the greater American society.
1,625 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
An examination of the multicultural web of American society with focus on the Italian-Americans. A look at the history of Italian-American immigrants, how they adjusted to life in the United States and the contributions they have made to our larger culture.
From the Paper
"The United States is going through a period of debate about what it means to be "American." Some people want to emphasize their American status and don't speak of their immigrant roots in any specific ways. Others choose to specifically emphasize their ancestry as well as their country of choice. African-Americans have chosen that name (or Black-American) at least partly to give their heritage a dignified name after centuries of ethnic slurs. This may also be true of other groups. Hispanic-Americans were once called "Spics,' not in an affectionate way. Italian-Americans were once called "Wops" in a derogatory way."
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Italian-American Women in Cinema, 2002.
A compare and contrast analysis of the role of Italian-American women and American women in cinema.
1,373 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the role of the Italian-American women in American cinema and the functions that they fulfill within the Italian-American community and draws a comparison between Italian-American female roles and the parts played by American actresses. It examines some of the more famous Italian-American female characters in films such as cinematic masterpieces such as ?The Godfather" and ?True Love? and how they are usually portrayed as working class and victims of violence. It shows how both Italian-American and American female characters in movies are challenged by a patriarchal society. The only difference is that the American character is free to do something about it even if all odds are against her whereas the Italian-American female characters on the other hand do not possess that luxury because their cultural norms do not allow such liberties.
From the Paper
"Then there are directors such as Martin Scorsese and Francis Ford Coppola who have made powerful Mafia movies ?Goodfellas? and ?The Godfather? respectively. Even though the main theme of their movies is the havoc that the mafia wrecks in the lives of Italian-American immigrants there always exists a strong underlying theme that relates the role of the mothers, daughters and wives of these mafia members. In short the role of the ?family?. For example in a comic scene in the ?Goodfellas? Scorsese makes a connection between food and death when Tommy?s mother serves them a mouth-watering meal just after her son and his friends have returned from trying to commit murder."
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The Canadian Italian Migration, 2007.
This paper describes various stages of the migration of Italians into Canada.
2,660 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Italian immigrants migrated in various waves of various sizes throughout the last century. The author points out that the early wave of Italian immigration, mostly crossing from the U.S., virtually ceased at the start of World War I and did not pick up again until the late 1920s. The paper relates that, during the 1920s, Italian immigration to Canada expanded so rapidly that Mussolini, the fascist dictator in Italy, attempted to halt immigration completely. The author states that, just prior to World War II, Canada began to curtail or even roll back immigration. The paper stated that, following Italy's entry into World War II, hundreds of Italian men were interned in camps while their families were left to fend for themselves. The author concludes that, continuing after WWII, the large number of Italian immigrants was largely responsible for providing Canada with the necessary labor and tax pool it required to re-establish its economic activity.
From the Paper
"The result was that by the 1960s Italian culture and heritage, sometimes with the assistance of Hollywood in America, became vogue to some degree. This period of consolidation allowed a new era of commerce where Italian markets, delis, and stores flowered across Toronto, Quebec and other regions where the Italian population was significant. One important factor during this era of consolidation was that Italian immigration virtually reached a standstill by the late 1960s. Italy had managed to substantially rebuild its post-War economy and the mass immigration out of the country ceased with the rebirth of its own robust economic growth in tandem with a healthy tourism industry."
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The Italian Renaissance, 2005.
A summary of the Italian Renaissance and its influence on Italian society.
1,855 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This examines the early stages of the Renaissance. It shows how the Black Death ironically played an important role in its development. The paper also provides an overview of famous figures during the time, including Lorenzo Medici, Dante Alighieri and Michelangelo .
From the Paper
"Thanks to benevolent people such as the Holy Roman Emperor and princes, artists were able to devote their time to art, and not have to worry about supporting themselves. This helped art flourish even more as artists could be entirely dedicated to their work. Without this support from both the clergy, and townspeople buying and supporting art and artists, the era would have failed to produce works of the caliber that it did."
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Italian-American Women, 2002.
A discussion of how films reflect the characteristics of Italian-American women.
1,738 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews two films by Italian-American directors, focusing on their portrayal of Italian-American women. The paper illustrates how Francis Coppola's "The Godfather" accepts the general parameters of family and of the place of women in the Italian-American family and community, while Martin Scorsese's "Who's That Knocking at My Door?" delves more deeply into the effects certain myths have on that community.
From the Paper
"The roles allotted for women in society enable both men and women to know where they fit in society and provide an area of comfort within which they know who they are, what they are to do in support of their families, and how they are viewed by every other member of society. There are cultural differences as to how women are viewed by different groups. Italian women have a different view of themselves than do American women because of cultural differences, and Italian-American women are in some ways between two cultures, embodying elements of both. Film reflects how different groups see themselves, and films by Italian-American directors like Martin Scorsese and Francis Coppola reflect some of the characteristics of Italian-American women and some of the tensions that these differences can create."
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The Italian Renaissance, 2006.
This paper explores the Italian Renaissance's Asian influences as opposed to Western or European.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 3 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
The paper examines how the Italian Renaissance is often discussed as the start of Modernism, which is regarded as a Western development. However, the paper explains that when the Italian Renaissance's arts are explored, they often show Asian and Islamic influences in forms, textiles, borrowed methods, pigments and styles. The paper refers to Rosamund Mack's volume and other articles to discuss Italian borrowings from Asia and Asia Minor. The paper provides a last note on just how 'Western' modernism is, as a movement through centuries that has European roots and carried on through the West.
From the Paper
"Modernism is discussed as an European or Western phenomenon. Much stress is placed on the Italian Renaissance. However, one sees that this period had much Asian and Islamic influence. The weight put on Renaissance painting may detract notice of the Italian city-states as trading centres. Naturally, they knew many products and ideas from abroad. Muslim Influence in Italy: This section will give varied examples of art, products and methods that came from Asia Minor and East Asia, by way of the Silk Route or maritime trade to the East."
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The Evolution of Italian Cinema., 2002.
Explores the evolution of Italian cinema from neorealism in the 1940s to personal realism to the 1960s.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
The evolution of Italian cinema, from the neorealism of the 1940s and early 1950s to the more personal realism of the late 1950s and early 1960s, was defined by complex forces at work in Italian cultural, political and economic life at the time.
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Botticelli and the Italian Renaissance, 2004.
An examination of how Botticelli's painting, "Mars and Venus", is characteristic of the early Italian Renaissance period.
777 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
"Mars and Venus" by Sandro Botticelli is a typical example of the art of the Early Italian Renaissance. The writer explains how the painting depicts the relaxed goddess of love, Venus, looking over the sleeping form of Mars, the god of war, showing the power of love to conquer violence and war. It points out that "Mars and Venus" falls neatly within the themes of the Italian Renaissance, which focused on the classical works of both Greek and Roman material. The painting also illustrates Botticelli?s ability to capture muted skin tones and create a fantastic and dreamlike atmosphere.
From the Paper
"Born Alessandro di Mariano Filipepi in 1445 in Florence, Italy, Sandro Botticelli became one of the most noted artists of the Early Italian Renaissance. Botticelli was known for his commissions for major churches in Florence, as well as his famed wall frescos on the Sistine Chapel of the Vatican in Rome. He painted a number of famed religious paintings, including "The Adoration of the Magi", "Madonna of the Pomegranate", "The Cestello Annunciation", as well as a number of paintings that depicted Roman and Greek legends, including "Primavera", "The Birth of Venus", "Mars and Venus" (WebMuseum)."
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