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Issac's Storm: The Galveston Hurricane of 1900, 2002.
Complete history of the Galveston, Texas hurricane of 1900.
1,310 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper is an in-depth look at the Galveston hurricane, the path it followed, the conditions and characteristics of the storm. The author discusses the loss of life and damage caused by the hurricane, as well as the cleanup efforts by the city and future precautions taken after the devastation in Texas.
From the Paper
"On August 27th, 1900, meteorologists began to notice a small storm developing in the equatorial mid-Atlantic. Still getting organized, it drifted westward through the Greater Antilles with moderate winds and torrential rains. In Jamaica, miles of roadway, railroad tracks, and sidewalk were washed into the ocean. Cuba was submerged in over two feet of rainwater, and much of southern Florida faced the wrath of the hurricane, as well. As it crossed over the tepid waters of the Gulf of Mexico, the storm gained strength, eventually making its way to the shores of Galveston, Texas."
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The Galveston Storm, 2002.
Looks at the hurricane that struck Galveston, Texas in 1900 and destroyed most of the town.
1,380 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
On September 8, 1900, powerful winds running over 140 mph devastated the whole city of Galveston, Texas, killing 6000 people and destroying most of the city. The paper examines the role several people and public institutions played in the Galveston Storm, including the Weather Bureau which ignored warnings of the hurricane from 'unofficial' sources. The paper also looks at the personal stories of residents such as Isaac Cline who worked for the Weather Bureau, as well as the nuns and children from the Sisters of Charity Orphanage, who lost their lives in the storm.
From the Paper
"The storm took the lives of a lot of people. Amongst them were the Sisters of Charity Orphanage. 10 Sisters and 90 children lost their lives. The Sisters ran an infirmary and an orphanage. The orphanage was located on the beach. On the day of the storm Sister Elizabeth Ryan had commuted to town to get food for the children. She rushed back to the orphanage to be with the children. The storm water had reached the dormitories and was slowing causing the buildings to collapse. The sisters gathered all the children into the girl?s dorm. They sang ?Queen of the Waves? to calm the children down. In order to save their lives the sisters tied six to seven children around their waist. It was a very brave gesture on their part to protect the children. Sadly the storm waters claimed their lives and only 3 children managed to survive. The survivors lived to tell the eye witness encounter of the sisters? bravery. Thus every year on September the 8th the Sisters of the Charity Orphanage sing ?Queen of the Waves? around the same time they perished."
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"Isaac?s Storm", 2002.
A discussion of the effects which the 1900 storm had on the development of Galveston City from a business perspective.
1,251 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Galveston City was devastated by one of the worst ever storms to strike America on September 8, 1900 claiming the lives of more than 8000 people and the total destruction of properties. It looks at how in the book ?Isaac?s Storm,? Erik Larson describes how Isaac Monroe Cline, a chief staff of the American meteorological department studied the progress of this devastating storm and how it had a destructive effect on the business climate of this once commercially vibrant city. It analyzes the effects the storm had on the development of the city as well its economy and industry.
Outline
Galveston City (Before the Storm)
Impact of Hurricane
Insurance Sector
The Current Economic Situation
Tourism
The Galveston Port
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The impact of the hurricane on the corporate sector was not the least in any way. The Galveston economy was never fully restored or recovered from the terrible disaster. Galveston, which so far surpassed Houston in attracting business investors, suffered a big loss of confidence on the part of the investors. Oil business flourished in neighboring Houston and this lured the international business community away from Galveston. Furthermore the city which was serving as one of the busiest trading ports in the whole of the United States was experiencing a virtual trading dead lock. Galveston, which was a leading port in cotton exports, suffered a severe loss in that sector also. The greatly successful cotton trade was drastically affected because of the total ruin of the Galveston port. The city lost its position as the leading cotton trader in the country and this affected its economy in a big way."
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Hurricane Andrew, 2001.
The causes and effects of Hurricane Andrew.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper explains how a hurricane forms, looks at the special and unlikely circumstances which led to the devastating effects of Hurricane Andrew, and describes the damage caused in various states and why faulty building techniques were partially to blame.
From the paper:
"David Fisher?s book on hurricanes describes a Category 5 hurricane as the ?scariest place on Earth, and Andrew was a Category 5 hurricane when it hit both south Florida and Louisiana.
A hurricane is a giant heat pump (Fisher, p. 61). Both the heat of the sun and the heat generated as evaporated moisture condenses contribute to the development of the hurricane. As the spinning winds contract, they speed up, much as a skater speeds up by pulling her arms in more tightly to her sides. Organization of the storm also requires an upper level high over a lower-level low, which allows the tropical depression to organize into a well formed, rotating tropical storm. If these conditions persist, the tropical storm may strengthen into a hurricane."
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Hurricane Katrina and Crime, 2007.
An analysis of the rise in crime rates following Hurricane Katrina.
1,513 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
Hurricane Katrina was the worst natural disaster in American History. Although the storm itself was a destructive force, the social and political issues that arose in its wake are likely to go down in history as even more destructive. One of the most discussed social issues has to do with the increased crime rates that have occurred in cities that absorbed large numbers of Hurricane Katrina evacuees. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of citizen displacement on cities such as Houston and San Antonio, Texas. In particular it focuses on the rising crime rate in Houston and the theory that may explain why there has been such a significant increase in the amount of crime in the area.
Outline:
Introduction
Crime Increases in Houston, Texas Following Hurricane Katrina
Social Disorganization Theory
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There may be several reasons why the increase in crime has been so prevalent in Houston. For the purposes of this discussion, we will focus on Social disorganization theory particularly as it relates to residential instability. According to National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS) social disorganization theory can be described as
"an inability of community members to achieve shared values or to solve jointly experienced problems (Bursik, 1988; Social Disorganization and Rural Communities)." The article explains further that the problem of social disorganization is usually prevalent in urban areas that are the only places the newly arriving poor (evacuees) can afford to live. "
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Hurricane Andrew, 2004.
An analysis of Hurricane Andrew, by far one of the costliest natural disasters in this nation?s history.
1,861 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This report presents a summary of hurricanes in general. The paper discusses the path of Hurricane Andrew. The paper explains that Hurricane Andrew was a small, but extremely ferocious hurricane that inflicted an unprecedented economic devastation all along its path through the northwestern Bahamas, the southern Florida peninsula, and south-central Louisiana. The paper contends that record amount of damage has been updated to well over forty billion dollars, making Hurricane Andrew one of the most expensive natural disasters in the history of the United States.
From the Paper
"A hurricane is basically a very big tropical cyclone like weather system that develops in the tropics. There are certain storm classifications that distinguish types of storms: Tropical Depression, Tropical Storm and a Hurricane. One major distinction between these different types of storms is the speed of the associated winds. A Tropical Depression usually has all of the makings of a storm such as persistent clouds and thunderstorms but the maximum sustained winds are at most thirty eight miles per hour. A Tropical Storm also has strong thunderstorms and winds blowing between thirty nine to seventy three miles per hour. In the case of a Hurricane, the tropical weather system?s winds range from seventy four miles per hour and up."
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Hurricane Katrina and the U.S. Economy, 2006.
This article studies the U.S. economy and discusses the effects of Hurricane Katrina.
2,087 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces, discusses and analyzes the topic of the U.S. economy. Specifically, it discusses what effect Hurricane Katrina has had on the U.S. economy so far, and what may be some of the implications for the future. Hurricane Katrina's full effect on the United States' economy may take years to fully develop and understand. Katrina's effect may even be felt worldwide by the time all the affects are analyzed and tallied up. The immediate costs are quite simple to see - skyrocketing fuel costs instantaneously after the hurricane hit, lost jobs and billions of dollars in aid. However, there are other long-term costs in human life, inflation and rising interest rates that can only play out over time. The writer claims that the U.S. economy is going to suffer from the affects of hurricane Katrina and that it just remains to be seen just how much it will suffer.
From the Paper
"The Katrina crisis may also affect the nationwide auto industry. With fuel costs so high, many people are looking for alternatives to low gas mileage vehicles. There has been a lot more public interest in more fuel-efficient vehicles, such as hybrids, which use a combination of gas and electric-powered engines to run more efficiently and save fuel. Already, many auto manufacturers are beginning to advertise their more fuel-efficient models to bring consumers back into auto showrooms. For years, most Americans have been more concerned with large, high-power, low-mileage vehicles with little regard to fuel economy. This energy crisis may finally create the need for more low-cost, high-efficiency vehicles, and force Detroit automakers to find new technologies to help conserve fuel."
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Hurricane Katrina: A Disaster in Preparedness, 2008.
An overview of hurricanes, procedures for dealing with them and why Katrina was such a disaster.
1,369 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
A category-4 hurricane named Katrina exploded onto land August 29th, damaging large parts of Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama. With 145-mph winds, huge storm surges and torrential rains that flooded whole towns, Katrina left hundreds dead or missing, more than one million others temporarily homeless, and caused at least $25 billion in damage. This paper relates that many of the people in the affected areas who died could have been saved and the damage could have been less devastating if the government's response had been planned with more awareness and sensitivity of the known destruction of hurricanes. The paper contends that Hurricane Katrina changed the Gulf Coast area forever because local authorities did not establish better communication systems with other government departments for help before the storm hit and because superior evacuation policies were not set up in the cities that would be most affected. The paper also examines how President Bush and his cabinet were not fully prepared to deal with the high level of responsiveness that was needed for the residents of the affected areas.
From the Paper
"The communication between all government divisions was so badly executed that Federal and State officials have blamed each other for the disastrously poor response in New Orleans and neighboring states. Louisiana Governor Kathleen Blanco and New Orleans Mayor Ray Nagin have blamed the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) for the slow response. Federal officials said that initial evacuation and hurricane preparation plans were the responsibility of Louisiana and New Orleans authorities. Also, the Feds blame those officials for not asking for the help of the federal government soon enough, and for not being more specific when they eventually requested help. It was not a matter of pointing fingers and worrying about who was responsible for handling the preparation of the evacuation; it was a matter of helping the people of New Orleans and assisting them in the evacuation, which again shows that the law enforcement was not prepared as well as they should have been to minimize the damage and destruction of the hurricane. "
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Hurricane Mitch, 2001.
This paper discusses the devastating effects of Hurricane Mitch that hit the Central American nations in October 1998.
1,520 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 4 sources, $ 50.95
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Abstract
The following paper looks at the devastating effects of Hurricane Mitch and examines how the shocks are still being felt to this day in Central America. The author contends that no matter how much we progress against the rage of nature we are unprotected.
From the paper:
"The calamity that hit the Central American nations in October 1998 took suffering to a new height. Though an accurate toll is still hard to calculate--and as many as 10,000 people were estimated to be dead in the battered countries of Nicaragua and Honduras, while as many as 2 million may be were made homeless after the relentless rains of Hurricane Mitch. In much lesser degrees, calamity also visited El Salvador and Guatemala. In all, the storm wrought $3 billion in damage--more than half the combined Nicaraguan and Honduran gross domestic products--and devastated at least two-thirds of those countries' public infrastructure."
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Hurricane Kathleen, 2006.
Reviews literature pertaining to Hurricane Kathleen that swept through New Orleans in 2005.
4,500 words (approx. 18.0 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 117.95
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Abstract
Hurricane Katrina touched land near New Orleans, Louisiana on August 29, 2005 and its storm surge ripped the levees built to protect New Orleans from Lake Pontchartrain. With hundreds dead and damage along the coastal regions of Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama costing more than $200 billion, Katrina is considered the most destructive and costliest tropical cyclone to hit the United States. This paper examines literature relating to Hurricane Katrina. Among the texts explored are: J. Galle's "Vulnerable Cities" (2005), "New Orleans' Levees Not Built for Worst Case Events" by B. Handwerk (2005) and "New Orleans: Nature's Revenge" by A. Blenford (2005).
Paper Outline:
Introduction
Review of Literature
Methods
Findings
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Delta soils by nature compact and sink in time, giving way to open water, except when fresh layers of sediments are placed to offset them. The Mississippi spring floods previously retained that balance, but yearly deluges were often destructive. The strong flood 1927 erased the levees, lined with concrete and funneled marsh-building sediments to the deep waters of the Gulf. Engineers also severed more than 8,000 miles of canals through the marsh for petroleum exploration and ship traffic (Bourne 2005). These new ditches increased the incidence of erosion and allowed huge and lethal amounts of salt water to penetrate and infiltrate brackish and freshwater marshes."
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Hurricane Andrew, 2008.
An analysis of how emergency management could have improved the ways that they dealt with Hurricane Andrew.
1,247 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Hurricane Andrew which hit Miami-Dade County in 1992. The paper specifically discusses how emergency management dealt with problems during the hurricane. The paper describes a chronology of events surrounding the hurricane and then looks at how emergency management could have improved the way that they dealt with the disaster.
From the Paper
"The devastation and the problems that were caused by Hurricane Andrew did not just involve people, however. The ecosystem was also badly damaged. Florida has many coral reefs, and a percentage of them were badly damaged or destroyed when the storm came through (Peacock, 1997). Millions of fish were killed as well, and this hurt both the ecosystem and the economy, as fishermen were suddenly out of business and stores could not stock the fish that people had been accustomed to buying (Peacock, 1997). The damage to the Homestead Air Force Base was also excessive, and it no longer operates as a full-time base. Instead, it houses only reserve troops now, since much of it was never rebuilt (Peacock, 1997)."
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Hurricane Katrina and Race, 2008.
An analysis of the evidence of white privilege and racism in the United States in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina.
6,439 words (approx. 25.8 pages), 23 sources, MLA, $ 149.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the phenomenon of white privilege in the United States. It describes how it was never more apparent than in the calamity of Hurricane Katrina. The paper discusses the effects of this privilege and racism and describes the ways that it became evident following the national disaster of Hurricane Katrina. The paper questions whether any changes will occur to rectify the problems.
From the Paper
"The effect of White Privilege is the creation of system justifications (Napier 61), and it was never more apparent than in the calamity of Katrina. The effect of this was the construction of victim blaming justifications by the authorities in charge when combating the disparity in response to the needs of those of color. The system appeared to come out smelling like roses; it was only certain individuals that could be blamed for any prejudicial treatment. And the victims were blamed for not being able to help themselves. Ludicrous in concept yet if repeated often enough it become reality to those involved. Katrina has certainly taught us that the systems of government, business and education need to recognize this invisible white privilege within and deal with the racial prejudiced involved with it. Will there be changes? Unfortunately we still seem to be waiting for that promised, "bold action." (Bush 1406)"
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Hurricane Katrina, 2007.
An overview of the government relief initiative after Hurricane Katrina.
808 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how Hurricane Katrina was the most financially devastating and deadliest hurricane in the history of the United States. In particular, it looks at how the nature of this natural disaster brought about one of the most complex and controversial disaster relief efforts in history and how the government spent billions in relief and organizations from local, state, and federal levels worked in unison with NGOs to attempt the recovery and help of Katrina victims.
From the Paper
"Katrina victims can be loosely defined as any individual who suffered physical, financial and emotional harm from direct, storm related causes. Katrina victims range far and wide, although the majority of the focus are upon those in New Orleans, many victims also were evacuated from South Florida and Mississippi. The victims of Katrina receive strong attention on the national level for several reasons, one of the primary reasons being the disparity between racial dynamics in those victimized by the storm. The majority of victims appear to be poor minorities, especially those residing within inner city New Orleans. The racial disparity among Katrina victims was strongly noted by media commentators within the Superdome. "
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Hurricane Katrina, 2005.
An assessment of selected issue fronts concerning Hurricane Katrina, focusing on human and environmental issues.
2,300 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
The paper presents an assessment of selected issue fronts concerning Hurricane Katrina, focusing on human and environmental issues. The paper discusses the ineffective response of government agencies, notably Homeland Security and FEMA. It also highlights the physical facts of a hurricane.
From the Paper
"When Hurricane Katrina devastated New Orleans in August and September the response of government agencies was ineffective and became politically controversial . The winds of the Category storm did great damage and the city's flood-control and energy ..."
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Hurricane Katrina, 2005.
This paper puts forward the argument that the federal government is to blame for the delays in rescue and relief following hurricane Katrina.
1,546 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper presents both sides of the hurricane Katrina debate. It then provides a plethora of evidence to suggest that the federal government (rather than state and local government) is responsible for the delays in rescue and relief following hurricane Katrina. It cites the mistakes of Homeland Security Secretary Michael Chertoff, FEMA and FEMA director Michael Brown and the President of the United States.
From the Paper
"There is evidence to suggest that the federal government understood the serious threat hurricane Katrina posed on the low-lying Gulf region, and that they did make some effort to convey this danger and urge people out of harm's way. On Saturday August, 27th, President Bush declared a state of emergency in Louisiana and encouraged people to evacuate the New Orleans area before the storm made landfall. Prior to the storm, flood and storm surge predictions were made by the National Hurricane Center in Miami. At least 200 buses were sent to aid in evacuations before the event. The federal government did express concerns over the levee system's ability to weather the storm and operate under such difficult conditions."
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