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Islam in India, 2008.
This paper discusses the expansion of Islam into India in the 7th century.
1,464 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer explores the early history of Islamic expansion into India, in particular during the 7th century CE. The writer notes that this discussion is in order to understand how this early expansion defined the later history of Islam in India. As is seen, the writer discusses that while there was an undeniable military aspect to this expansion, one's focus during this early period must be upon how Islam entered India through long-existing trade networks. Further, the writer looks at how Muslim preconceptions of Indian religion and culture defined these contacts with implications for the future of Islamic India.
From the Paper
"This being said, however, it is important to recognize that these early Islamic views of India were not based upon ignorance but were actually highly complex. As well, it would be erroneous to assume that these views stemmed from Muslim religious prejudices. On the contrary, historians contend that early Islamic expansion in India in the 7th century CE was not a consequence of the desire to spread Islam or even to acquire territory. Instead, it is argued that the motives behind the initial Islamic military incursions in India during this period were commercial in nature, and stemmed from a desire to protect trade between the Persian Gulf and the western Indian Ocean.
From this perspective, the early Islamic expansion into India in the 7th century CE occurred in the context of a complex trade and cultural relationship between Arabian society and Indian civilization that stretched back for centuries."
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Islam in India, 2002.
Discusses the arrival of Islam in India and its impact on the country.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the introduction of Islam into India. Briefly it chronicles Muslim expansion into India after the year 711. Subsequently, it assesses the impact of Islam on India and also India's impact on Islam.
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The Nation of Islam: Are They Islamic?, 2002.
Compares the Nation of Islam with traditional Islam.
1,030 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 3 sources, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the Nation of Islam as a social movement and tests whether its traditions and roots are really found in traditional Islam.
From the Paper
"The presence of God (Allah) is another and maybe the most critical difference between the Nation of Islam and traditional Muslims. The Nation of Islam was founded in the 1930?s by a man named W. Fard Muhammad. Fard Muhammad believed he was sent to wake ?the black nation to the full range of the black man?s possibilities in a world temporarily dominated by the blue eyed devils.?(5) It is the Nation of Islam who has since said, ? We Believe that Allah appeared in the Person of Master W. Fard Muhammad, July, 1930; the long awaited ?Messiah? of the Christians and the ?Mahdi? of the Muslims.?(6) Fard Muhammad taught that the African American culture was unique and separate from that of ?the Caucasian devils.?(7)
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Political Islam and Islamic Fundamentalism, 2002.
This essay describes how and when Islam made an impact as a political ideal as well as its repercussions leading up to today.
2,090 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper elaborates on Islam and its religious politcal history for the past 100 years, including the later part of this century. It offers some insights into what may have given rise to what is now known today as Islamic fundamentalism.
From the Paper
"While the roots of political Islam can be traced back to the time of Mohammed, the real impact of Islam as a political ideal came about with the Iranian revolution and the Ayatollah Khomeini. The new brand of political Islam that Khomeini brought to Iran was a new, more militant Islam than the world had previously been exposed to. During the time of the Ottoman Empire, Islam was spread as the ideal religion, however, there was room for both branches of Islam, Sunni and Shiite, to practice. There was also a place for Christians and Jews, although it was on the second class level. However, Khomeini?s brand of religious zealotry was harsh and dictatorially strict."
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Islam and Democracy: A Summation of Islamic Scholarship, 2005.
A discussion on the correlation between Islam and democracy.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 3 sources, $ 133.95
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Abstract
This paper tries to determine the compatibility of Islam and democracy. It compares the works of three Muslim authors in the West, John L. Esposito, Ahmad Moussalli, and Abdulaziz Sachedina. It explains that the main objective for this comparative analysis is to gain a better understanding of how Western Muslim scholars conceptualize and utilize the concept of democracy in an Islamic framework.
From the Paper
"In order to determine the compatibility of Islam and democracy, I have compared the works of three Muslim authors in the West, John L. Esposito, Ahmad Moussalli, and Abdulaziz Sachedina. My main objective for this comparative analysis is to gain a better understanding of how Western Muslim scholars conceptualize and utilize the concept of democracy in an Islamic framework. In Islam and Democracy, John L. Esposito offers his readers the opportunity to acquire a better understanding of how democratic thought and practices can be incorporated into Islamic politics by examining the scope of democratic practices inherent within Islam, and discussing how the secular and the religious forms inform and reinforce the political discourse of democracy. In terms of how Islam can be incorporated in ..."
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"The Jews Of Islam" (Bernard Lewis) and "The Dhimmi: Jews and Christians Under Islam" (Bat Ye'or), 1992.
Compares these two books on non-Muslim peoples living in Muslim society.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"The Dhimmi, Two Views
"Dhimmi" is a term applied to someone who lives in a Muslim society without being a Muslim (principally Jews and Christians). This paper compares and contrasts two books on the subject of the dhimmi--The Jews of Islam by Bernard Lewis and The Dhimmi: Jews and Christians under Islam by Bat Ye'or. This comparison and contrast centers on four points: (1) ways in which the authors express their views, (2) the subjects the authors choose to write about, (3) differences in subject matter, and (4) individual point of view.
As both works have a scholarly tone, neither one reveals particular emotions or views regarding the subject matter. Both are objective and factual, letting the ideas, facts, and interpretations speak for themselves. The formats and styles are ..."
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Contemporary Political Islam, 2006.
This paper explains the nature of Islamic sovereignty, the roots of political Islam, the attraction of Islamism, and the driving forces behind political movements within the Middle East, such as the Taliban.
3,675 words (approx. 14.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 101.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that a synthesis of democratic and Islamic values is required for a practical and workable form of representative government. The author points out that Islam is not just another ideology; it is a faith and as such can motivate people to act politically while also transcending politics. The paper stresses that political Islam is not Islamist democracy, governed exclusively by Islamic law. The author comments that, in Afghanistan, the Taliban, an extreme type of political Islam, took over and did not lose control until American bombs dropped as punishment for harboring Osama Bin Laden. The paper iterates that political Islam, in its democratic infancy, is struggling to distinguish itself from both the fundamentalists and the Islamists. The author underscores that most Muslims believe that America does not have fundamental flaws; it has just failed to live up to the ideals it so strongly advocates.
Table of Contents
The Evolution and Growth of Political Islam
Islamic Experiences with Democracy
The Future Prospect and Promises of Political Islam
From the Paper
"Algeria, in 1989, provided one of the first experiences with Islamic democracy. After years of a socialist-military regime, Algeria's sole political party, the Front de Liberation National (FLN) acquiesced to young Algerians protesting for fundamental rights and political change. In June 1990 the FLN allowed the first open elections to take place. The Front Islamique du Salut (FIS), and Islamic party, came more or less out of nowhere to capture 62% of the vote. The FLN, which could boast of liberating Algeria from the French, captured only 28%."
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Islam & Women's Rights, 2001.
Explains the regulations & attitudes of Islam. Overview of Islam & feminism. Defends the religious beliefs of Islam & how they affect modern women.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 21 sources, $ 95.95
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Abstract
Islam is the world's single largest religion. It also may be the most misunderstood, since Islam is not about "fundamental terrorists" claiming to kill and maim and destroy in the name of Islam. Islam may be many things to many people, but the fact remains that, based on its origins in the Seventh Century A.D., it is a faith that practices peace, devotion, and obedience. For purposes of explaining, comparing, and then making a case for the regulations and attitudes of Islam, this report is divided into three sections: 1) what Islam is (and is not), 2) an overview of Islam and feminism and 3) a defense of the
religious beliefs of Islam and how they affect modern women.
From the Paper
"Islam is the world's single largest religion. It also may be the most misunderstood, since Islam is not about "fundamental terrorists" claiming to kill and maim and destroy in the name of Islam. Islam may be many things to many people, but the fact remains that, based on its origins in the Seventh Century A.D., it is a faith that practices peace, devotion, and obedience.
"Today there are between 850 million and one billion followers of Muhammad, forming the bulk of the populations of Northern Africa and Western Asia, stretching all the way through India and Pakistan into Malaysia, the East Indies, and the Philippines." (Hitti, p. 412) As communities and neighborhoods of those who believe in the Islamic faith spring up in the West, these people are reminded that ?the fact that we are in ..."
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Misconceptions about Islam, 2005.
The paper discusses three misconceptions about women in Islam, violence in Islam and Islam and science.
4,305 words (approx. 17.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 113.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Islam is a religion of peace, which gives the aim of life and guidance to achieve this aim; but, although many fundamentals and teachings are beautiful. they are now being misunderstood because of the current state of terror associated with Muslims. The author points out that women are well respected and cared for in Islam; the wearing of a veil by woman is not a necessity in Islam, though there are rules that enjoin women to wear respectable and modest clothes and to avoid embellishment and adornment of the body when outside the circle of family or close relative. The paper relates that the great history of Muslim scientists, especially from eighth to fifteenth century, supports the encouragement that Islam has for science; for example, the need to determine the direction of prayers, prayer times and the determination of Islamic lunar calendar led the Muslims to excel in fields like celestial mechanics, optical and atmospheric physics and spherical trigonometry.
From the Paper
"In a later verse the Quran says, "O Children of Adam! Let not Satan seduce you as he caused your (first) parents to go forth from the Garden and tore off from them their robe (of innocence) that he might manifest their shame to them." (Quran, 7.27) The Quran gives a clear picture of the incident that as soon as Eve and Adam tasted the fruit of the forbidden tree their nakedness became manifest and brought shame to both of them. They then repented and God acknowledged by sending them to Earth with a mission. The point to be made here is that there is a stark contrast in narration of the event in the Holy books. Genesis clearly shows the character of woman as inferior to Adam and portrays her as a temptress who lured Adam too. She takes all the blame for Adam's demise and is punished more severely than Adam as can be made out from the harsh words being used. Although the punishment is imposed in Quran also, the tone is much gentler, the blame and punishment is shared equally and at no instance is Eve treated different than Adam. In fact both hold themselves equally accountable to God avoiding any accusations."
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Gender and Islam.
This paper reviews two books about women and Islam: ?Islam, Gender and Social Change,? edited by Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad and John L. Esposito, and Leila Ahmed's ?Women and Gender in Islam: Historical Roots of a Modern Debate?.
2,390 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 0 sources, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that "Islam, Gender and Social Change" is a collection of essays about eleven case studies of Muslim women in various countries and includes the issues facing women outside the Middle East in Muslim areas such as Pakistan and the Philippines. The author relates that, in contrast to historians who argue that fundamentalist reinterpretations of the Koran are to blame for the repressive nature of Islam in many countries, Ahmed, author of "Women and Gender in Islam" argues that the repression of women dates back to the expansion of Mesopotamian law and that Muslim women have always used informal channels to obtain education and property. The paper relates that, instead of urging Islamic governments to change voluntarily, particularly in countries where religious and political authorities are one and the same, women and other activists should open communication and dialogue within the already-existing religious frameworks.
From the Paper
"In addition to the individual country studies, the first three overview essays in this volume set the tone for the book. In the opening essay, Haddad chronicles the impact of the changing Arab world on the modern-day Muslim women. The second essay by Barbara Stowasser continues the contemporary approach by examining relevant passages from the Koran. Nadia Hijab?s article, the final one in the first half of the book, is a comprehensive discussion of how international women's organizations work within and against the strictures of Islamic law. Through the overview essays and the individual case studies, "Islam, Gender, and Social Change" provides good analysis and glimpses into how women are striving to both live under and challenge the prevailing interpretations of Islam."
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The Hijras of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh, 2005.
A descriptive analysis of the role of Hijras in pre-colonial India with respect to the religions of Islam and Hinduism versus their current role in present day India, Pakistan and Bangladesh.
3,044 words (approx. 12.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
The word 'Hijra' is derived from Urdu, meaning 'Eunuch'. This paper aims to give a descriptive account of the origins of the Hijra with respect to Islam and Hinduism and that of their modern day community structure, whilst consequently highlighting the absolute identity transformation they experienced during these two transitional periods.
Outline
Introduction
Religious Role Derived From Hinduism
Historical Role of Hijras in Muslim Courts
The Hijra Community Today
Stigmatization vs. Honor
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Hijra community is very similar in function to the Hindu Caste System. They are a sect of their own, united in like with the family system. There are seven nation-wide communal households known as gharanas for the most part in cities throughout Northern India, having their own history and rules of behaviour. Each household is head by a nayak who appoints a guru or a preacher trained to protect the community members, whose disciples are referred to as chelas or students and traditionally amount to about five per guru. Before entering the community, the hijra has to live in satla (female attire) and observe the community for at least a year. "
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Islamic Art, 2007.
An examination of Islamic exhibits into Islamic ancient music, art and dance.
940 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Islamic art, music and dance. It presents these three aspects of Islamic art in the form of an exhibition and details the history and practices of each art form. It begins by discussing five Islamic musical instruments, then goes on to discuss Islamic views on dance and finally looks at the different cultural influences that contribute to Islamic art.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Music
Dance
Art
From the Paper
"Muslims have had different views about dancing. Throughout Islam history, there have been times of greater acceptance or rejection of dance. Some believed there should be no dancing. To others, folk dancing between the same sex is acceptable, but not between mixed couples. Also, some see dancing as a way to become closer to Allah. Sa'adi, a Persian poet wrote about a band of travelers who came upon a boy who danced beautifully. Everyone was amazed by his talents, except a man who complained that dancing was wrong. However, his camel lifted his feet in dance and threw the rider to the ground. Those around said that even God's creatures could enjoy the dance, so why not he?"
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The 1947 Partition of India, 2005.
This paper discusses the impact of the partition of British India in 1947 into India and Pakistan and argues its harmful effects.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 6 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper sums up the social, political, economic repercussions of the 1947 partition of British India into India and modern-day Pakistan. The paper suggests that a more conciliatory approach on behalf of the political leaders of the day might have avoided much of the subsequent bloodshed and spared both of these nations the acrimony and animosity that presently lingers.
From the Paper
"The partitioning of India has stirred a great deal of debate. This paper will wade into that debate by examining whether or not the partition of India made sense socially, politically, or economically. More specifically, this paper will argue that the 1947 partition did a great deal of harm to India - and to Pakistan - in all three regards and that a more inclusive approach involving the leaders of the day might have spared both nations the tragedies that followed. With that in mind, it is to a discussion of the Indian partitioning of 1947 that one now turns."
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Clive and the East India Company, 2008.
A discussion of Sir Robert Clive's impact upon India and the East India Company.
1,966 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
The paper explores the towering personality of eighteenth-century East India Company Commander Robert Clive and how his forceful personality -combined with questionable ethics - established the East India Company as the de facto ruler of North-East India. The paper also shows how Clive undermined the legitimacy of the regional Nawabs while transforming Indian society in ways that created anger and resentment among Indians. The paper then looks at how the Chinese managed to secure a degree of autonomy in contrast to the Indians.
From the Paper
"The beginning of the East India Company's century of political domination in the "crown jewel" of the British Empire dates back to the 1750s - at least according to historian Philip Lawson. Specifically, shortly after securing the corporate presidency, Robert Clive was called upon to respond to an emergency in Bengal involving the capture of Calcutta by the new Nawab, Siraj-ud-Daula. While the matter is actually rather complex, what had essentially happened is that a simmering Mogul rivalry had spilled over into British affairs. Particularly, the Nawab had imprisoned 146 Europeans - of whom 123 died in one evening in a crowded cell. Suffice it to say, the Nawab's actions and the reckless disregard for the safety and security of the Europeans sparked mass revulsion across Europe (most notably in Great Britain) and Clive became one of the two senior commanders of an expeditionary force sent from Madras to re-capture Calcutta and rescue those Europeans who had not perished; the campaign, just as one might expect, was a huge success and marked the high point in Clive's military career."
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India and Its Independence, 2007.
An analysis of India's position regarding World War II and their desire for independence.
2,549 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the independence of India. It looks at India's political situation during the World War II and whether India was a country with beliefs that agreed with the War. It discusses why India wanted to be free from the British. The paper analyzes why India became involved in the war, the part Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi and Chandra Bose had in the war and the position India held concerning the war. Finally, the paper discusses how Bose believed it was better to fight with the Japanese against the British to win independence while Ghandi believed it was better to fight on the side of the British with the hope of gaining independence.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
India and Politics
The History of British Rule in India
India and Its Position at the Beginning of World War II
Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose
Mahatma Gandhi and India
Independence for India
From the Paper
"Many of the leaders in India did not want to actively participate in World War II. History shows that Gandhi and Nehru wanted to tie any participation of their country in the war with independence for them. First, consider some facts about Mahatma Gandhi. This is explained in the article, "Mahatma Gandhi", (2006), Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi's birth was in a small town called Porbander on October 1, 1869 (p. 1). He went to school in Rahkot due to the fact that his father was the prime minister of this area. Gandhi was actively involved in keeping peace between the Hindu and Muslims. One of Gandhi's problems was that he refused to see the two separate elements the Hindu and Muslims had (Mahatma Gandhi 2006). Gandhi wanted peace and independence for his country."
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