| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "INTERNATIONAL ETHNIC CONFLICT": |
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International Ethnic Conflict, 2002.
This paper discusses that the United States and the international community should refrain from intervention into ethnic conflicts within sovereign nations except in the cases of extreme violence.
1,275 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper defines international ethnic conflicts as disputes between communities within a sovereign nation that see themselves as having distinct rights over the power relationship between these communities, such as in Bosnia. The author believes that such ethnic conflicts should be monitored to identify a point at which it appears peace is deteriorating; and, at that time, substantial diplomatic effort should be expended to prevent further deterioration. The author concludes that only in cases of extreme violence should the United States and the international community rely on a military intervention to end the conflict.
From the Paper
"The ambivalence in the American public's reaction to the international community's recent military intervention in Bosnia reveals a general ambivalence toward the use of military force where no tangible strategic interests are at risk. However, Milosevic did offer a tangible target against which the military force could be directed. The international community was able therefore to generate support against a common, identifiable enemy. Unfortunately, as Richard Betts points out, intervention in a civil war usually becomes an issue only when the sides are closely enough matched that neither can defeat the other quickly. Thus, in many cases, the international community may be unable to identify an enemy against whom they can rally support or they may be forced to wait until the situation deteriorates until choosing the better side becomes only a matter of degree. Unfortunately, the latter can often be the case in ethnic conflicts."
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Contemporary Africa Ethnic Conflict Resolution, 2008.
Analyzes ethnic conflict resolution and policy in contemporary Africa, especially Ethiopia.
15,860 words (approx. 63.4 pages), 36 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper identifies key elements in conflict and conflict resolution theories from the perspectives of ethnicity, culture, and politics in Africa and non-African countries. The author points out that Africa has been wracked time and time again by wars of all types, intensities and durations. The author then presents several ways that Africans resolve ethnic conflict and reports that, unique among African countries, the ancient Ethiopian monarchy maintained its freedom from colonial rule with the exception of the 1936-41 Italian occupation during World War II. However, Ethiopia has been wracked by a series of bloody coups, uprisings, wide-scale drought and massive refugee problems.
Table of Contents:
Theory
Key Historical and Contemporary Theorist
Conflict Theories and African Policy Issues
Frustration-Aggression Hypothesis
Social Learning Theory
Social Identity Theories
Implementation of Ethnic Conflict Management and Policy
Community Assembly: The Semai Becharaa'
Qat-Chewing Sessions
The Role of Poetry
Dia
Go-Between Mediator
Apology
Truth and Reconciliation Commissions
Public Trials
Reparations Payments
Writing a Common History
Track II Diplomacy
Literature Review
Global Ethnic Resolution, Conflict and Relevant Policy
African Ethnic Conflict and Policy
Application of Theory and Practice on Ethiopia
Ethnic Conflict Resolution and Theories within a Policy Context
Ethiopian Socioeconomic and Political Climate
From the Paper
"The native inhabitants of the area were organized in agrarian-based chiefdoms like those of the Bench and Dizi people (living in the highlands) or in decentralized age-grade societies like the Toposa, Anyuak, Nyangatom and Suri (living in the lowland plains). The state presence was constituted by superior military force (soldier contingents with better arms), and by the imposition on the locals of tribute and tax requirements, and the obligation to provide corvee agricultural labor for the northern immigrants. The latter also took cattle, ivory and slaves for trade to the north."
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Ethnic Conflict and Economic Growth, 2004.
Discusses aid, policy, and growth in the aftermath of ethnic conflict.
2,550 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 21 sources, APA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
It is only recently that academics have begun to consider ethnic conflict as different from other kinds of political conflicts in terms of introducing the concept of ethnicity as a unique analytical lens through which to understand and deal with conflict. This paper investigates how growth in countries recovering from ethnic conflict is different, as opposed to other kinds of conflict, and in particular, how the policy-dependent absorptive capacity for aid is different for such countries.
Paper Outline
Introduction
Ethnicity and Conflict
Ethnicity and Development
Ethnicity and Foreign Aid
Empirical Tests
Discussion
From the Paper
"Esman and Herring (2003) identify three reasons for interaction between foreign aid allocation and ethnicity. First, aid has distributive consequences ? therefore the benefits of aid could be distributed unevenly across different ethnic communities. Second, aid is allocated within an intensely political context, and despite the involvement of large and influential NGOs, the role of the local government as an intermediary cannot be eliminated; as such aid allocation could be influenced by the ethnic bias of the government. Third, the conditionalities that come with aid are not necessarily sensitive to issues of ethnicity, and as such, could result in sub-optimal policies which exacerbate existing ethnic divides. (Esman and Herring, 2003)."
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Ethnic Conflict, 2007.
This paper discusses ethnic conflict and terrorism from sociological, ethnological and historical perspectives.
940 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that ethnic conflicts are usually identity-based in that the involved groups desire to exclude each other. The author points out that ethnic conflicts, war and terrorism are usually the result of the influence of charismatic leaders that persuade people into sharing their beliefs and performing their wishes. The paper relates that the use of violence or threat with political intentions aimed towards minorities or communities is usually carried out by non-governmental groups or secret organizations, which operate outside the regular parameters of official war or political negotiation.
From the Paper
"Those traditions usually lead to ethnic issues as well. In order to define ethnic conflicts we should establish the different situations where ethnic groups interact within society. An ethnic group is a collectivity that identifies itself based on elements such as language, religion, race, or the combination of all of those elements, and that share a common identity feeling with other members of the same group that may also be identified as nations, people, minorities or communities. Ethnic conflicts are usually social, political or religious."
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The Bosnian War - Ethnic Conflict, 1993.
A look at the ethnic conflict between the nations involved.
3,715 words (approx. 14.9 pages), 5 sources, $ 102.95
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Abstract
An analysis of the Bosnian war and the conflict between Serbs, Croats and Muslims. The author investigates the relations and causes for conflict between these societies.
From the Paper
"Yugoslavia, long known to Europeans and Americans as a sunny place to vacation, became in the 1990s the land where modern, educated people went to war against their neighbors. In Croatia, one of the six republics that made up the Yugoslav federation, the ?Brotherhood and Unity Highway? became the front line of fratricide in the summer of 1991, as Serb and Croat villagers shot up toll booths and gas stations and claimed sections of the road as their own. By the time their leaders agreed to a cease-fire in January 1992, as many as 10,000 Serbs and Croats had died in the Croatian war, many of them killed close to their homes by people with whom they had lived peacefully for a generation or more.'
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Ethnic Conflict in Yugoslavia and Chechnya, 2004.
Explores the historical roots of conflict in Yugoslavia and Chechnya.
1,292 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper gives background information on the ethnic conflict that has existed for centuries in both Yugoslavia and Chechnya and then looks at how that ethnic conflict has affected each region. The paper compares the different reasons behind the conflicts in each region, the severity of the conflicts, and their political consequences.
From the Paper
"Since the breakup of the Soviet Union, conflict in Eastern Europe has been grounded largely in ethnic, rather than political, differences. Two key examples are the wars and subsequent atrocities in Yugoslavia between 1991 and 2000 and the war between Russia and Chechnya of 1994-1996. In both cases discrimination, whether perceived or actual, solidified ethnic identity and led to violent conflict, a sovereign ethnic state being the goal."
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Ethnic Conflict, 2001.
This paper discusses problems faced by Japanese-Americans during World War II.
1,565 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This is an investigation of different theories on ethnic conflict. Using the book, "No No Boy" by John Okado, a story about the treatment of Japanese-Americans during WWII, the author illustrates how the the main character's ethnicity was used against him and his family. It is an example of how being different can cause discrimination and hatred among the general population. Differences in religion and race are often the two most common forms of ethnic conflict and many people who are not "ethnically" the same as everyone else, find themselves caught between two worlds, in this case, Japan and America.
From the Paper
"The ethnic conflict theories of Connor are also important. They focus not on what is the basis of the conflict, for example race, religion or language. Instead the focus is on identity, where the conflict is between groups having different concepts of identity. It is this that leads to the basic us-them syndrome. (Connor) This is also one of the major themes of the No-No Boy. The story told focuses on the struggle of Ichiro to find his identity. It is not finding his identity as either a Japanese or an American, it is simply finding the identity that the environment requires. In the end of the story it appears that he has found his identity, where in fact he has only given up his identity and taken that of the environment. The fact that the only identity available is the American identity is also shown when we consider Ichiro?s family. Ichiro is not even able to identify with those like him. His mother holds onto the Japanese culture and considers herself Japanese, she goes as far as saying, ?it is she who is dead because she did not conduct herself as a Japanese and, no longer being Japanese, she is dead.? (Okada, 41) The end result for her is suicide."
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| Term Paper # 89388 |
temporarily unavailable
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Ethnic Conflicts 1980s-1990s, 1996.
Examines causes & effects of political & military struggles in Bosnia, Pakistan, Kosovo (a province in Serbia).
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 9 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"According to one observer, animosity among ethnic groups in the global context ?is beginning to rival the spread of nuclear weapons as the most serious threat to peace that the world faces.? While conflicts based in ethnic tensions tend to be localized in setting, the implications for world peace typically have a much wider scope. The conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan, as an example has had, thus far, ?little immediate impact on relations among the great powers, but much larger consequences could flow from the tensions rising between the Russian Republic and the Baltic states. If Russia were to move militarily to protect its co-nationals in Estonia or Latvia, where they are now being mistreated, a cold peace would develop between Moscow and..."
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Conflict and Conflict Resolution, 2007.
This paper examines the issue of conflict and resolution, studying the terrorist attacks of September 11.
3,753 words (approx. 15.0 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 103.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer first discusses the term 'conflict' and looks at how it can be defined. The writer then describes that when an Islamic militant and terrorist took it upon himself to resolve a conflict as he saw it, he launched terror attacks on the people of the United States of America, and the result was large scale devastation and destruction and panic and adverse impacts on the economic and political and social system of the United States. Further, the writer studies the impact and attempts at resolution of the conflict. The writer concludes that perhaps, in the long run, Bush's ideals would create more conflict around the globe, than resolve them in any way. One can only wait and see what will happen eventually, and find out whether it is possible to resolve conflicts of high order with any amount of success.
From the Paper
"However, at the same time, it must be remembered that there were other losses that were not covered by private insurance, or were not qualified under the charitable contributions, or even by the emergency relief funds, and these were the really huge losses that occurred due to the September 11 terrorist attacks. Several different agencies undertook the study of the economic losses that were caused by the September 11 debacle, and according to the New York City Partnership, the attacks on the two World Trade Center Buildings must have cost the state, at the very least, $ 83 billion, as per the value in the year 2001, and this included the costs of total losses, that is, both the direct and the indirect costs. Out of this estimate, only about $ 67 billion of the losses would be completely covered by insurance and other contributions. In a more recent study, according to an Officer of the New York City Comptroller's Office, as of April 2002, the total costs of the clean up of the World Trade Center has been much quicker and also much less costly than the initial estimates had indicated."
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Media, Ethnic and Ethno-National Conflicts, 2008.
A look at how mass media, because of its prevalence and pervasiveness as well because it has its own agenda and motivation, molds public opinion as much as it reports it.
825 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes mass media as an instrument in the liberalization of information and as a vehicle to highlight public sentiment. Specifically, this paper looks at the issues related to ethnic and ethno-national sentiments between the West and the Middle East, a relationship that the author believes is made even more sensitive by human interest. The author concludes that there should be a realization that regardless of how truthful the media is, it presents a limited perspective of any single issue.
From the Paper
"Imai (2006) believes that the media should not be considered as an impartial source of information since they are vulnerable to the motivations of the state, its managements and the personalities that deliver the news. Furthermore, by accepting that the conflicts are due to ideological differences, Khouri (2007) points out that many of the issues that are most critical in the Middle East. The suggestion that conflicts are based on ideological difference suggests little levity for compromise or co-existence. Therefore, the idea of a "clash of civilization" promoted by the mass media preempts the development of real solutions. This is not to say the there are no ethnicity or culturally based conflicts. However, there should be realization that they can be considered as an encompassing explanation to the enmity that has developed between Muslims and the United States."
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| Term Paper # 2431 |
temporarily unavailable
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The Conflict Between China and Taiwan, 2002.
Historical look at the military and ethnic conflict between Taiwan and China.
5,400 words (approx. 21.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 196.95
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Abstract
This paper is an academic review that shows the different conflicts between China and Taiwan. There are ten articles from a variety of sources including newspapers and magazines as well as journals and official government sources. They cover a variety of aspects of the conflict, and provide an historical overview while focusing on developments especially during the 1990s. What remains clear is that there many obstacles to the resolution of the conflict. The threat of this conflict escalating into a war remains a concern for the regions and could still potentially draw in the United States.
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Ottoman Empire And Balkan Conflicts, 2000.
An examination of the history, development, conquests, contributions and decline of the Empire and its relevance to ethnic and territorial conflicts in late 20th century politics, economics, extreme nationalism and leadership.
5,400 words (approx. 21.6 pages), 22 sources, $ 135.95
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Abstract
This research paper examines the relevance of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkans to contemporary current conflicts and tensions in that region. Because of the nature and long duration of Ottoman rule in the Balkans, the Ottoman Empire left deep and longlasting effects on the nations which today make up the Balkan peninsula
From the Paper
"Ottoman Empire And Currebt Balkan Conflicts
This research paper examines the relevance of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkans to contemporary current conflicts and tensions in that region. Because of the nature and long duration of Ottoman rule in the Balkans, the Ottoman Empire left deep and longlasting effects on the nations which today make up the Balkan peninsula. In some respects and especially during the first several centuries of Ottoman rule, its legacy was conducive to the maintenance of order, prosperity and ethnic and religious toleration. However, certain facets of Ottoman policy and practice, which intensified as its Empire declined and its hold over the Balkans weakened, also contributed to the stunting of the area's political, economic and intellectual growth, and the development and the exacerbation of deep-seated ethno-religious..."
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International Intervention, 2005.
This paper discusses the legal and political aspects of international intervention, particularly in the case of Somalia and Mozambique.
1,470 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that international intervention is justified in the case of incidents of systematic abuse of human right or genocide such as in Cambodia and Rwanda; suppression of the clearly represented will of the majority such as the case in Haiti; control of the civilian mass by warlords and criminal gangs such as in Somalia and Liberia and illegitimate and inhuman use of power by one side or the other at the time of a civil war involving ethnic or religious self-determination. The author points out that the United Nations is the best agency to provide legitimacy to intervention; the Security Council obtains its power to intervene in disputed situations from the Chapter 7 of the United Nations Charter. The paper states that military intervention is more effective when deployed in the circumstances of a continuing political peace process.
From the Paper
"Against this backdrop, it is quite possible to probe into the reasons for the failure of the intervention in Somalia and the effectiveness of the interventions in Mozambique. In case of Somalia a total degeneration of the state structures has been noticed and this has resulted in a circumstance where different clans struggled to attain the authority in absence of the central government. In the Mozambique the emerged civil war between Resistencia Nacional Macambicana (Renamo) and the Frente de Libertacao de Mocambiue (Frelimo) demonstrated a traditional illustration of the conflict where the very occurrence of the government was the basic reasons of the conflict, thereby necessitating intervention by an outsider to become the only mode of attaining the peaceful and negotiated settlement to the conflict. The international community attempted to intervene in the civil war for maintenance of normalcy and peace through the establishment of UN Operation in Somalia or Unosom2. Similarly the cessation of disputes and for conducting of elections for a democratic government is overseen by the establishment of the UN Operation in Mozambique or Onumoz."
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