| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "INTERNATIONAL BANKING FINANCE": |
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International Banking and Finance, 2008.
A discussion of issues related to international finance.
1,315 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This document discusses several questions related to international banking and finance. Some of the issues discussed are related to the character of the global economy and how its financial mechanisms are now interconnected. Additionally, some of the developments related to globalization are examined. And finally, the various aspects of the Asian and Mexican currency crises are examined with a view to the global financial markets that enabled them.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Consolidation of Financial Markets
Outsourcing and Offshoring
The Asian and Mexican Financial Crises
From the Paper
"In the same way that the Asian financial crisis played out in individual markets such as South Korea, the Mexican currency crisis also began during a period when there was actually much promising economic outlook. During the 1980s the Mexican government liberalized its trade sectors and during the early 1990s had brought its inflation under control to below 10% which was good for that market. With these and other economic reforms beginning to take effect in the country, Mexico's economic prospects appeared strong."
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Banking and Finance, 2002.
An analysis of changing interest rates by the Fed.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the Federal Reserve system, including the interest rate. The paper mentions a few articles regarding the impact of changes in interest rates on the economy and business.
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International Trade and Finance Law, 2005.
An examination of international trade and finance law.
3,643 words (approx. 14.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 101.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the procedures involved in international trade and finance law by comparing US international trade procedures to international trade procedures estabilshed by the UN. The paper explains the various international payment methods and the methods of unification and then looks at the obstacles in place that make international trade difficult. The writer believes that the primariy difficulty regarding international trade is the interest that politicians take in the matter and the overall financial position of the countries that are involved. The writer concludes that this is turn makes trading difficult as obstacles are put in the path of trade for the benefit of individual countries.
Outline:
Introduction
Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The question for any international trade is the guarantee of payment to be received by the seller. In natural course, the items to or services sold are first received by the buyer and then only the payments are sent. In the case of any individual country, there are laws within the country to ensure that the payments are made by the buyer, but in the international scene, the differences between different countries may cause difficulties. The procedure that is now adopted is to follow certain procedures that have been set up under the auspices of United Nations. The international procedures have to be competed with a national procedure for a country for us to understand the comparative position. For this purpose, the position of United States has been used."
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International Finance, 2008.
This paper looks at international finance and discusses national reserves.
1,117 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at the central bank, which is one of the most important institutions in a country and whose main responsibility is the national monetary policy. The writer notes that many countries can improve the efficiency of their foreign currency reserve by investing the money and generating a return. The writer also points out that, on a global level, the increased efficiency of a central bank's use of reserve would translate into a reduction of financial crises, which would allow institutions such as the International Monetary Fund to redirect its funds to countries that are not yet capable to reach financial stability as well as design policies for those countries targeting their future stability. The writer notes that these are usually third world countries or developing countries with endemic corruption and political instability.
Outline:
The Central Bank - Roles
Reserves Policy - Evidence from Developing Countries
Central Banks and Foreign Currency Reserve Policy Efficiency
From the Paper
"A healthy reserve policy can overcome financial crises, such as those related to the country's balance sheet. Korea stands as a good example in this direction with its 1997 crisis. Investment banks started to borrowed short maturity foreign currencies and invested them in Korean won assets after the market deregulation in 1990. The same banks invested in foreign securities Russian bonds and by the end of 1997 the value of these obligations exceeded Korea's foreign currency reserves. In the context of a general fall of Asian currencies, the investors started to sell the Korean won, which eventually devaluated the national currency and forced the authorities to resort to the International Monetary Fund. The problem was not that Korean wasn't solvent, but that it wasn't liquid and this crisis could have been avoided, if the authorities hadn't let the national liquidity deteriorate so much since the beginning of 1990s."
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International Finance, 2005.
This paper discusses the issue of international finance and trade.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, $ 31.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses managing risk in international trade. The paper addresses the matter of the identification of the financial risks of conducting business internationally. The writer examines the significance of foreign exchange rate risk. Further, the writer discusses how this risk can be mitigated.
From the Paper
"International trade is an important factor in stimulating growth in the U.S. economy. Most economists agree that international trade and the theories of absolute advantage as well as comparative advantage, as they relate to international trade boost economic growth and improve the standard of living of the average American. However, doing business internationally is not without risk. For example, even if a company opts to export goods rather than to locate business operations in a foreign country, it still faces the possibility that ... "
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International Trade and Finance Law, 2006.
This paper discusses how international trade works and includes the legal viewpoint.
3,639 words (approx. 14.6 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 101.95
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Abstract
The paper begins by explaining the procedures of international trade. The paper discusses the laws within a country that ensure the payments are made by the buyer, but in the international scene, the differences between different countries may cause difficulties. The paper describes how the United Nations Convention on International Bills of Exchange and International Promissory Notes was set up which
determines standards for bills of exchanges. This forms the basic mechanism for payment of any trade or commerce. The paper discusses the success of international traders and concludes that the financial aspect of international trade depends a lot on political situations and the overall financial position of the countries that are involved.
Contents:
Introduction
Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"For determining procedures of setting up standards for bills of exchanges, which form the basic mechanisms for payment of any trade or commerce, a United Nations Convention on International Bills of exchange and International Promissory Notes was set up. The concerned work was done over fifteen years by the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law -- UNCITRAL. This was adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations, after being recommended by the Sixth Legal Committee on 9 December 1988. The matter proceeded in steps and UNCITRAL first consulted with the International Institute for the Unification of Private Law -- UNIDROIT as that organization had previously addressed the subject of unification of law regarding negotiable instruments. This required UNIDROIT to first prepare a report on the chances of extending the unification of the law regarding bills of exchange and checks."
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International Finance and Foreign Exchange Risk, 2004.
A look at some of the risks companies assume when conducting international business.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 103.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the importance of foreign exchange risk and the potential that risk has for harming a firm involved in global operations. The paper then examines what a company can do to manage foreign exchange risks.
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Japan's Strengths and Weaknesses in International Trade and Finance, 2002.
The paper analyzes the economic challenges currently facing Japan as a result of the recession that has hit the country following years of extraordinary economic growth.
2,245 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the major characteristics of the Japanese economy and its most important sectors-- industry and manufacturing. The paper compares the economic structure of Japan to the developed countries of Europe, such as Germany. The paper discusses the high rate of private and public investment in Japan and its lack of openness to foreign trade. The paper looks at the economic woes created as a result of the recession and the uncertainty with which the country is faced.
Table of Contents
About Japan
Economic Overview
Japan's Economic Structure
Japan's Investment Rates
Economic Woes
Japan's Trade Surplus
Japan's International Trading Process
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"While Japan is still very much focused on traditional culture, the country absorbed a great deal of Western technology during the late 19th and early 20th centuries (Bartleby, 2000). After losing World War II, Japan experienced an amazing recovery, which secured its status as the second most powerful economy in the world and a loyal ally of the United States. Although the emperor holds the throne as a symbol of national unity, the actual power falls to a network of powerful politicians, bureaucrats, and business executives. Japan?s economy experienced a major slowdown in the 1990s, following three decades of unprecedented growth, and currently has some serious economic challenges."
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Impact of E-Banking on the Banking Industry, 2006.
An in-depth analysis of individual commercial banks and how they service their customers.
13,765 words (approx. 55.1 pages), 31 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses individual commercial banks and how they service their customers. It analyzes the quality of banking services that a customer gets and how the services are provided to the customer. It describes the three main channels for banking today - through branches, through the internet and on telephone.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Chapter I
How Internet Banking Has Grown In The Last Decades, Especially Regarding New Product Being Offered
Evolution of Internet Banking
Present Status and Profile of E-Banking Offered By Banks
Nature of Product Offered
Chapter II
The Operations of Banks In Different Areas: What Is The Contribution?
Effects of E-Banking on Banking Operations: What Is The Contribution of Internet Banking Toward The Business?
Chapter III
General Benefits of Banks From E-Business and Other Communication
Performance Measurement
Chapter IV
Reality of System Risks and Control
Conclusion
From the Paper
"To understand the relationship that can develop between the Internet and banks, one has to first understand the nature of both these items. The first to be understood is the banks. So far as banks are concerned, at the beginning of the twenty-first century, central banking which is the source of all banking activity would appear to be at a crossroads in their future. Earlier it was the lender of last resort, active participant in stabilizing economic fluctuations, and now the present main function is being the guardian of price stability. As it is still the monetary authority, much is expected from them. At one stage, fiscal policy was considered to be the main instrument of economic policy, the situation changed to an ascendancy of monetary policy and that was noted by the late 1980s in most parts of the industrialized world. This had a lot of implications for the role of the central bank."
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Banking Laws, 2002.
A discussion on the laws instituted to protect customers in the banking and finance sectors.
3,136 words (approx. 12.5 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the banking system and looks at how safe the banking system really is. The paper explores the laws that govern these institutions in order to see if they are stringent enough to protect most consumers who utilize the banking system today. The paper begins with a brief history of the banking sector, from ancient basic banks to the modern day corporate structures which are more common. The paper then examines each of the major banking laws in place supposedly for the protection of the consumers.
From the Paper
"So if banking and finance laws have been passed to protect investors and bank customers, is the banking system safer? Maybe, but because your money is in their vaults, the banks may have a measure of undue influence over you that you?re not even aware exists. Undue influence is defined as ?the domination of one party by the other in order to influence their judgement.? (Granger) With undue influence, there is no specific incident or single threat that occurs. ?The common law developed the doctrine of duress to define the limits of legitimate persuasion...equity developed undue influence to extend the reach of the law to other unacceptable means of persuasion.?"
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Europe's Emerging Banks and the U.S. Banking History, 2002.
This paper analyzes the banking industry in the United States from the mid-18th through mid-19th century in order to understand the evolution of the banking industry in Europe's developing economies in the 20th century.
2,480 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper presents four potential dangers to banks in emerging markets and relates them to the lessons of the founding banking system of the United States: Macroeconomic volatility, connected lending, political involvement and financial liberalization. This paper discusses that the emerging banking industries in Eastern Europe must learn to operate in an objective environment free from burdensome and often disastrous government control; just as, the ever-present tension in the United States between government policy and banking policy ensured the banking industry's objectivity. This paper argues that the primary cause of the banking crisis in Eastern Europe was the banks' decision to allow financiers with little experience and even less capital to set up their own banks.
Table of Contents
Introduction
European Economies and the Evolution of the U.S. Banking Industry
Macroeconomic Volatility
Connected Lending
Government Involvement
Financial Liberalization
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The insistence by the American chief executive in the mid 18th to mid 19th century to keep separate government policy from banking policy has not been demonstrated in the communist economies of Eastern Europe. The second major crisis factor for these economies has been connected (or insider) lending, particularly in Russia. Though not unheard of in rich countries, connected lending is a more serious problem in emerging countries, where supervisors are less rigorous about rooting it out. The Economist maintains that connected lending has recently caused serious problems where unscrupulous businessmen have found it easy to set up banks simply to finance their other companies' pet projects. Thus, at many Russian banks, the personal ambitions of owners and managers still come before the prudent assessment of lending risks. Loans to related companies are rarely made on an arm's length basis and tend to be granted at below-market rates, with scant credit vetting."
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Islamic Finance, 2008.
This paper describes Islamic financing law and how it differs from regular Western financing law.
3,265 words (approx. 13.1 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the bedrock of Islamic finance is that all forms of interest are considered forbidden known as haram and its financial model works on the basis of risk sharing. The paper further explains that, under Islamic banking, the customer and the bank agree to share the risk of any investment and divide the profits between them. The paper then describes the primary categories within the Islamic finance: ijara, ijaa-va-iqtina, mudraba, murabaha and mushraka. The paper also explains how Islamic finance differs from regular finance and explains how Islamic finance works.
Table of Contents:
What is Islamic Finance
How Is Islamic Finance Different from Regular Finance and Why
How Does Islamic Finance Work: The Types Of Investments Available And How They Work
Working Principles of Islamic Finance
Types of Investment Available and How They Work
Institutions Offering Islamic Finance Products
International Wholesale Islamic Banking and Insurance Providers
Exhibit: Islamic Financing Form
Exhibit: Name of the Institution
From the Paper
"It is a fact that finance is considered as a huge restraint on development in major regions of the Third World. Sometimes there is lack of sufficient money available to fund important projects and the price of loanable funds is normally high, showing the paucity of savings. In low-income economies, it is hardly a surprise that savings rates are small, as most disposable income is needed to be used for making purchases of necessities of daily living, and a lot of families just cannot bear to make financial provisioning for the future, although this makes them insecure and helpless."
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Islamic Banking - Religion as an Excuse, 2006.
This paper explains the differences between Islamic banking and conventional banking. It argues politically, as opposed to economically, that both systems are the same.
3,225 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 17 sources, APA, $ 92.95
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Abstract
The writer explains that the emergence of Islamic banking is an example of how religion has become subservient to economic needs, and more specifically, how Islam has become subservient to capitalism. The paper explains that although advocates claim that Islamic banking is distinctive from interest rate banking, such methods are merely window dressing - a way for the banks to legitimize themselves. The writer explains that in Shariah, Islamic law, people are prohibited from charging and receiving interest. The paper draws parallels between conventional banking systems and the new modes of so-called interest-free banking. The paper states that Islamic banks have been mimicking conventional banks, pushing for short-term, low-risk investments that are similar in quantity and risk to those obtained by other conventional banks. The writer explains that the methods used to evade interest prohibition include mislabeling interest under the false pretense of administrative costs and delegating puppet banks to alleviate responsibility from Islamic institutions. The writer challenges the advocates of this system who claim that it is Shariah-compliant. In summation, the writer states that it is evident that in the current Islamic system, Islamic beliefs have taken a second place to the capitalist system. Table of Contents: Introduction Lack of Sources for Islamic Banking Same Method, Different Name Murabaha is Not Profit Sharing Using Puppet Banks The Ulama Power Vacuum Advocates Conclusion Bibliography
From the Paper
"During the 80s, Muslim countries such as Sudan, Iran and Pakistan underwent the growth of Islamic banking due to an oil boom and the need for Muslim communities to establish a unique economic presence in the new international economic order (Pipes, 1982:45; cf. ICO: 1982). By 1995, 144 public and private banking institutions had been established claiming to practice a??Islamic bankinga?? (Shaik, 1997:118). However, this paper will argue that Islamic banking is conventional banking in disguise. Islamists have merely used the former to bypass religious restrictions to meet their capitalistic needs in a manner that is compliant, and sometimes even not compliant, to interpretations of the Shariah. Such assertions can be supported by examining characteristics of the current Islamic banking system. Nazih N. Ayubi has written about religion being subservient to the state. In this particular case, the evolution of Islamic banking has become an example of Islam being subservient to capitalism."
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Islamic Banking, 2002.
This study investigates the feasibility of introducing Islamic banking as an alternative system of banking in the United States, but not as a replacement for the existing system of banking in this country.
7,325 words (approx. 29.3 pages), 32 sources, MLA, $ 162.95
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Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine and assess the issues involved in any effort to implement Islamic banking as an alternative system of banking in the United States. The study pursues this purpose through the investigation of the following research questions: 1. Is it probable that Islamic banking and interest-based banking can co-exist within the economic structure of the United States? 2. Is the potential market for Islamic banking in the United States sufficiently large to make Islamic banking feasible in American society? 3. What laws, state and federal, require change to permit Islamic banking to operate in the United States?
Chapter 1
Introduction
Statement of the problem
Purpose of the Study
Key Factors for Investigation
Background on the Problem
Approach to the Investigation
Overview of the Study
Chapter 2
Literature Review
The Crucial Role of Interest
The Development of Banking Systems
Sources & Uses of Funds in Islamic Banking
Chapter 3
Method
References
From the Paper
"Islamic economics has two principal components. The first component is a constant set of principles derived from the Qu'aran, which are the economic principles governing all Islamic activity, and which are unchanging. The second component is a flexible set of principles also derived from the Qu'aran, but which may be adapted to environment, time, or place, while remaining within the boundaries of the unchanging principles (El Araby, 1997). In Islam, any enterprise ? economic or otherwise ? may be an act of devotion, if entered into with the correct intentions. The welfare of the whole of the human race according to the will of God is the ultimate goal of all Islamic economic activity. The social responsibilities of business organizations are part of the moral obligations of the individuals operating such organizations in an Islamic society (El Araby, 1997). All economic systems are concerned with the relationship between the public and private sectors. In capitalist systems, the emphasis is on the private sector, although the degree of such emphasis varies between countries. One result of this capitalist emphasis is the cyclical recurrence of significant problems ? inflation, unemployment, and recession, while a second result is an increasing concentration of productive capacity ownership into a relatively few private hands. Islamic economics assumes that no conflict exists or will develop between the public and private sectors, and that each sector works for the greater good of society. The applications of the principles of any system ? capitalist or Islamic ? are usually less than perfect. Therefore, conflicts do occur within Islamic economic systems; however, in Islam, the settlement of such conflicts is according to the criterion of the greater societal good, as opposed to settlement on an ideological basis of property ownership, political imperative or agenda, or similar factors that is often true in capitalist economies."
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The Pakistani Banking Industry, 2006.
This in-depth paper a provides a benchmark pertaining to the careers of bank managers in Pakistan, while also delving into the banking industry in the Islamic run country.
21,538 words (approx. 86.2 pages), 33 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This well-researched paper examines Pakistan's evolving and constantly developing banking industry from the 1940s and up the present. The writer of this paper supplies in-depth insight into the pressures as well as the numerous financial and cultural demands and expectations currently facing bank managers in both the private and public banking sectors. This paper analyzes Pakistan's political history and its resulting impact on the country's banking industry. The writer of this paper delves into Pakistan's socio-political culture which greatly affects the vision, goals and leadership style of the country's bank managers. This paper also contains various financial tables, lists and illustrated graphs pertaining to this particular topic.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Political and Financial History Intertwined
Effect on Pakistani Bank Managers
Cautionary Tales
The Opposite Side of the Coin
Pakistani Banking Structure
Pakistani Banking: Recent Past
Upsetting Events in Pakistan's Banking History vis-a'-vis Managers
The Best Bank
Other Banks
Challenges for Managers in the Banking Industry
Current Initiatives
Literature Review
Summary
Statement of Research Question
Methodology
Findings
Manager One: NBP Managers
Manager Two: New Hire from Lahore Business School
Manager Three: Year 2000 Graduate of a Business College in Germany
Manager Four: Islamic Bank Manager
Manager Five: Graduate of Irish Business College
Manager Six: Recently Promoted Manager at a Local Branch in the Capital
Manager Seven: Human Resources Manager at the Islamic Bank
Manager Eight: Temporary Branch Manager in Small Town
Manager Nine: Former Bank Employee, Government Bank
Manager Ten: Graduate of Lahore Business College (2)
Bank Manager Career Themes
Discussion
Conclusion
Appendix A: Islamic Modes of Financing
Appendix B: Recent Listing of Banks Operating in Pakistan
Appendix C: Questions for Bank Manager Interviews and Process
Appendix D: Recommendations by Mehmood-Ul-Hassan Khan
References
From the Paper
"The best way to determine what the future might hold is to understand the past and the present, and add to that the changes seen by experts on the horizon. Therefore, constructing the history of Pakistani banking forms a major part of the current research; outlining contemporaneous changes and decisions regarding Pakistani banking made by its most senior officials is also important to understanding the influences on bank manager career tracks and attitudes. In addition, an extensive literature review of those factors that generally contribute t manager career orientation in any business will help understand the Pakistani bank managers' positions. Interviews with at least a few current Pakistani bank managers will display the attitudes they currently hold, and provide insight into what they expect in the future and what would make them more or less career-oriented."
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