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Intellectuals and the Phenomenon of Violence, 2006.
Examines the works of intellectuals and what they have to write about the idea of violence.
1,407 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
Violence, whether one considers it rational or irrational, is a global phenomenon. It manifests itself through the actions of individuals, groups and on a larger scale, between nations. Given this fact, as well as the omnipresence of violence throughout the world today, it is unlikely that this phenomenon can decrease to any significant extent. This paper shows that many "intellectuals" have written about violence. In order to better understand the nature of violence and its inescapable role in the world, the paper examines their writings. Works explored in this paper include Hannah Arendt's "On Violence", Albert Camus' "The Stranger", Frantz Fanon's "The Wretched of the Earth" and Georges Sorel's "Reflections on Violence".
From the Paper
"Francis Bacon was another intellectual who spoke against violence. Like Dostoevsky he couched his language in peace-loving, Christian terms. In his Essays, Bacon constantly points to the goodness of man: "The inclination to goodness is imprinted deeply in the nature of man." In every one of his fifty-eight short essays - on
truth, death, marriage, love, and the list continues - Bacon tends to idealize instead of looking at the facts as they are and coming to a viable conclusion. For example, Bacon asserts that if someone murders a loved one, to take revenge would be a sort of "wild justice" and that one would be "superior" by not taking any retributive action. That sounds laudable but the fact is that at that decisive moment man's tendency is towards violence and in most cases he will take revenge."
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Intellectuals and the Phenomenon of Violence, 2005.
A discussion of the role that violence plays in the international community.
1,407 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses violence and its role in the world by examining the literature of various famous philosophers and intellectuals. The paper points out that the, overall, the intellectuals discussed accept violence and, to some degree, recognize it as necessary for humans to progress.
From the Paper
"Violence, whether one considers it rational or irrational, is a global phenomenon. It manifests itself through the actions of individuals, groups, and on a larger scale, between nations. The pages of human history are filled with warfare, while only few paragraphs speak of times of "peace" or stability. Given this fact, as well as the omnipresence of violence throughout the world today, it is unlikely that this phenomenon can decrease to any significant extent. Many "intellectuals" - by which I mean reasonably intelligent persons who spend significant amounts of time studying and communicating about various subjects on human nature - have written about violence. In order to better understand the nature of violence and its inescapable role in the world, let us turn to their writings."
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"Drug Policy and the Intellectuals", 2005.
An analysis of William J. Bennett's article "Drug Policy and the Intellectuals" regarding U.S. policies regarding narcotics.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This essay critically examines William J. Bennett's article "Drug Policy and the Intellectuals". The paper briefly summarizes the focus of Bennett's article as driven by the desire to validate current U.S. national and international policies regarding narcotics. The paper sets out what Bennett's main claim is and then follows by analyzing his rhetorical style in terms of logos, ethos, and pathos.
From the Paper
" Article Analysis: Bennett's "Drug Policy and the Intellectuals" The purpose of this essay is to critically examine William J. Bennett's article "Drug Policy and the Intellectuals." IN brief, Bennett's article is driven by the desire to validate current U.S. national and international policies regarding narcotics. The large portion of Bennett's article is spent responding to the lack of fervor displayed by the intellectual community in the United States in support of contemporary U.S. drug policy. More precisely, this essay will be divided into several key sections. After setting out what Bennett's main claim in this article is, I will then follow by analyzing his rhetorical style in terms of logos, ethos, and pathos."
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Intellectuals In The Early Ching Dynasty, 1988.
Examines the role of the intellectual in China's Ching Dynasty. Focuses on whether the intellectual class supported the traditional or agitated for change.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 4 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"Fairbank and Reischauer (1989) discuss the early Ching dynasty and make the comment that contemporary impressions of the culture of the time in China "is of a rich culture so firmly imbedded in its inherited tradition that it is more critical than creative and, in some cases, even repetitive and decadent" (p. 237). This raises interesting questions about the role of the intellectual in such a society, centering on whether the intellectual class supports the traditional or agitates for change and how the specific intellectual response is viewed by the rest of society. This was a period of dynastic decline, but even that was in some fashion a preparation for the next surge forward even if the people of the time could not see what form that surge would take. There is a parallel here between the declining Ching dynasty and our own era, as we are beset by concerns about the (...)"
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Intellectuals' and Philosophy's Role in Modern Society, 2003.
An exploration of how the role of philosophers has changed over the ages.
2,099 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
The writer explores different theories for social improvement as studied by philosophers over time. The paper looks at how some philosophers in history compromised with the government, while others chose a more rebellious attitude towards authority, hence standing by the greater minorities. The writer concludes that it is during enlightenment that intellectuals become a real threat to authority, thereby "waking up" society to the reality that has been ruling them. The paper leans towards the view that society needs philosophers to keep humanity in the real world.
From the Paper
"Intellectuals have been regarded in history as the philosopher- sovereigns of human conscience. In the dark ignorance of man kind, they have stepped forth in man?s finest hours, possessing the intelligent excellence and will, to push humanity forward. These men and women have a distinct role in society- beyond the material- experience and situations in everyday life- they explore and offer new theories of knowledge and improvement. Most of the visionaries, theorists and scientists are driven by a deep passionate search for truism."
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Intellectual Capital, 2005.
A look at how to best manage the intellectual capital in an organization.
5,513 words (approx. 22.1 pages), 34 sources, MLA, $ 134.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the best ways to develop, engage, and manage the intellectual capital of an organization. The paper also emphasizes that an understanding of the needs of the organization, the industry, and the market is the most effective way of harnessing a business's intellectual capital.
Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 2 Discussion
Intellectual Capital and Knowledge Management
Types of Intellectual Capital
Intellectual Capital and Worker Motivation
Hindrances Towards the Development of Intellectual Capital
Intellectual Capital and Adaptation of Technology
The New Age Worker
From the Paper
"It is estimated that 80% of all global organizations have some form of 'Knowledge and intellectual capital management' models implemented in their operations; 96% predict that they will do so in the next five years. (Kulik, 2000) In addition, 25% of organizations had a chief knowledge (management) officer. Approximately, 53% had knowledge and intellectual capital management staff and a dedicated knowledge and intellectual capital management budget. It has been observed that variables such as personal cognitive styles and local customs and beliefs may affect the models and implementations of any intellectual capital and knowledge management program. It is critical therefore, to understand the local culture and beliefs and their influence on how the local society places emphasis on knowledge and the application of this knowledge to the industry."
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Intellectual Property.
This paper discusses intellectual property and its protection.
3,465 words (approx. 13.9 pages), 25 sources, MLA, $ 97.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, based on the U.S. Constitution, intellectual property law protects under six categories, including 1) copyright, 2) patent, 3) trademark, 4) trade secret, 5) misappropriation of information at state levels, and 6) semiconductor chip protection at the federal level. The author points out that the concept of intellectual property originated in Venice, where the government granted some form of exclusive rights to the respective inventors in the 15th century. Copyright laws have existed in the United States since the late 18th century, but it was only in the beginning of the 20th century that Congress realized the importance of revising the laws. The paper relates that an effective knowledge management system allows a business to effortlessly keep track of innovation in its earliest research and development stage, allowing the company's upper hierarchy to identify innovation and maintain its confidentiality.
Table of Contents
Intellectual Property
Intellectual Property Violations
Protection of Intellectual Property
Knowledge Management System
Patent
Trademark
Trade Secrets
Copyrights
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Intellectual property is an important asset for a company. According to Su (2000) "Intellectual property rights are defined as governmental protection of private innovations and creativity." Every company has to fight to retain and protect its intellectual property. Intellectual Property is hypothetically a reference to the creation of the mind. It is an intangible piece of property that solely belongs to the company that developed it. They have the legal right to own it as a lot of time and resources have been spent developing it. Intellectual property can be anything like copyrighted work, patented invention or a trademark."
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The Tip-of-the-Tongue Phenomenon, 2007.
This study identifies the key mental processes involved in the tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) phenomenon.
1,536 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that the brain usually processes semantic information by first identifying lexical characteristics and then using that information to narrow its final word choice down to the target answer, but this form of processing does not take place in the tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) phenomenon. The paper then focuses on this phenomenon and defines it as what happens when individuals report being unable to recall a specific word or target answer, but are able to produce generic recall responses that share semantic and phonological characteristics with each other and with the target word. The paper presents two hypotheses about the TOT phenomenon but then refutes them, showing that differences in incidences of the TOT phenomenon are not dependent on instructional context or on gender.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Discussion
From the Paper
"The tip of the tongue (TOT) phenomenon is one that arguably every human being is familiar with. According to Brown and McNeill (1966) in one of the first studies printed on the subject, the TOT phenomenon occurs when one cannot recall a word of which one has knowledge and yet has the impression that recall is imminent. Manufacturing "close" guesses as to the identity of the target word is common when an individual is in this state. It can range from forgetting the name of a friend, the street that an acquaintance lives on, or even the name of a television program."
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Intellectual Property Rights, 2006.
An overview of intellectual property rights and how they affect businesses.
1,270 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
Several countries, while ratifying the agreement with regard to establishment of the World Trade Organization, also ratified the inherent Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights. The paper shows that intellectual property rights can conveniently be divided into two main fields - copyrights (or rights related to copyright) and industrial policy. The paper explains that the safeguard of intellectual property is considered as a crucial factor for economic growth and advancement in the high technology sector; they are beneficial to business and assist the public as a whole. The paper shows, however, that several problems arise from the enforcement of intellectual property rights particularly with regards to ownership of information. These include copyrights, patents, trademarks, trade secrets, design rights and plant breeders' rights for which an alternative has to be found.
Paper Outline:
Abstract
Intellectual Property Rights
What are Intellectual Property Rights?
What National and Global Directives Govern their Enforcement?
What are the Implications for Business?
What Can/Should be Done?
References
From the Paper
"The intellectual property rights have been guaranteed by law and can conveniently be transferred, sold, authorized for rent and in some nations even mortgaged, in much the same way as physical property particularly real property. However, the rights have some confinements incorporating the limitations and other considerations of issues like their contradiction with the fundamental rights and the codified provisions in force. The legal issues involving intellectual property rights have two dimensions."
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Intellectual Rights in the Information Age, 2003.
An overview of the impact of technology on intellectual rights in the business cycle.
4,253 words (approx. 17.0 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 113.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses intellectual rights, assets that an organization must shepherd throughout its business cycle. It shows how, at various stages, the assets can be used as leverage, a source of cash flow, a source of future growth, or as a liquid asset that can generate new capital for new products and processes and how all of this enhances the company?s competitive advantage. In particular, it examines how technology is compressing the cycle-time of intellectual asset value and how an intellectual asset can go from asset to liability in a very short period of time due to technological improvements and changes. It shows how legal protections of the past, such as copyrights and patents, can today be circumvented by technical means and how new laws have been passed restricting the rights of users to modify or change the self-protective schema of the originators.
From the Paper
"Organizations are beginning to recognize these various levels and needs of the intellectual property asset in order to achieve success. Many successful organizations have formalized methods of gathering, categorizing, and utilizing the collective knowledge of the individuals within the organization for the growth and benefit of the organization. Technological examples of this trend would include storage area networks (where all data is kept in a centralized repository), customer relationship management software (where the software is used to gather and retain specific knowledge of individual customers), and Software, CDs, or DVDs where the asset is not the physical media, but rather the data contained on the media."
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Intellectual Rights and the Business Cycle, 2004.
This paper examines the concept of intellectual rights and how they apply to all aspects of the business cycle.
2,763 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that intellectual rights are something that almost every business today has to deal with in some form or other. While the concept is a relatively new one, it has, nonetheless, become a concept that no business today can afford to ignore. It shows how intellectual rights can affect every part of the business cycle, and a company that ignores this issue does so at its own peril. The writer points out that companies can be forced out of business or find themselves in complicated legal trouble over intellectual rights if they abuse the intellectual rights of others. Businesses can also find themselves mired down in lengthy court battles and in financial peril if they ignore their own intellectual rights.
From the Paper
"These rights are given or conferred on a person or company by law, and can be given, sold, rented, and even mortgaged (in some countries) to others for the time that the owner holds the intellectual rights to the intellectual property. However, unlike other types of ownership, the ownership of intellectual property often comes with limits, such as time limits. It is also important to remember that with intellectual property, it is only the rights to the property that are owned, not the property itself. So, for example, a person or a company may own the intellectual rights to a certain invention, but they only own the rights to the use and license of the invention, not the invention itself. This may make the term "intellectual property" a little bit misleading to some people. However, while the person or company has the rights to use and license certain intellectual works, those works are essentially the property of that person or company, even if this is not the case in actuality."
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Intellectual Property in Oral and Literate Cultures, 2001.
Why intellectual property rights exist in literate cultures and do not exist in oral culture.
2,500 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
This essay is an in-depth analysis of intellectual property law in an historical context. The specific history can be divided into two periods of cultural development, orality and literacy. The concept of intellectual property (individual ownership of creative work) was not present in oral cultures, but it is enshrined in law in literate cultures. This essay draws on the works of communications scholars like Walter Ong and Dan Lacy in order to establish these facts, and then proceeds to analyze them using one of Marshall McCluhan?s most famous insights, that ?the medium is the message.? What this essay shows is that the medium of information preservation in oral cultures is fundamentally different than that of literate cultures. One medium supports the concept of intellectual property, and one does not. In other words, the medium determines the morals of the time. What is considered theft in literate culture is just sharing in oral culture. This examination of intellectual property in historical context is especially relevant today, with the current legal disputes over intellectual property in the music industry.
From the Paper
"At this moment in 2001, intellectual property is a hot topic. The right to own an idea is being debated in fields as disparate as medicine and the music industry. In historical context, however, intellectual property is a relatively new concept. The first modern copyright law only emerged in 1710 and the People?s Republic of China did not have a copyright system until 1991. In contrast, the first known cave painting dates to 31,000 BC. Humans have been creating for thousands of years, but those expressions were only defined as personal property quite recently. The exact moment of this definition is still debated by experts: some say it came with the first copyright law, some say it began with the printing press in 1436, and others say that it emerged with ?the artist with a markedly individual personality? in 6th century BC Greece (Ploman and Hamilton 5). Regardless of the specific point of division, copyright as we know it today was not present in ancient oral cultures (Bettig 11) and is not present in modern oral cultures like that of the Balinese (Ploman and Hamilton 4). Why the concept of intellectual property is evident in highly literate cultures and not in oral cultures can perhaps be best understood in terms of the social and political context of their respective historical periods. One explanation that emerges is that the chosen mediums of oral and literate cultures are qualitatively different and that each engenders a different set of social norms to guide intellectual production. What this paper seeks to do is to pursue this line of questioning by discerning what the medium was for each culture, analyzing the nature of each medium, and, finally, explaining how the medium determined whether or not the concept of intellectual property emerged."
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Intellectual Disabilities, 2005.
A summary regarding the cognitive and physical behaviour of people with intellectual disabilities.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper summarizes results of four interviews. Two of the interviews are with people who do not know anyone who has an intellectual disability. Two interviews are done with people who know someone with an intellectual disability. According to this paper, often people who do not know anyone with an intellectual disability, think about people who are severely mentally retarded. People who know someone with an intellectual disability are more knowledgable.
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Intellectual Property, 2002.
Discusses ethical issues on intellectual property in e-business.
2,033 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
Intellectual property rights, including patents and copyrights, have been a key factor for the success of many companies. It provides them with an opportunity to protect their ideas and concepts, preventing others from copying them. The paper shows that with the boom in e-business, there have been many cases of infringement because of the relative ease in sharing information over the Internet. This paper briefly outlines the basics of intellectual property before providing a detailed discussion on e-business and intellectual property. The paper shows several cases of infringement to illustrate how intellectual property is important in e-business.
From the Paper
"Since the Internet is a huge interconnection of computers, information can be shared very easily. It is this very advantage that leads to many problems in protection of intellectual property. For example; pictures, music and literary works can be copied, modified and even distributed easily through the Internet. Such activities affect and violate copyright protection. There are several dangers in electronic business and organizations have to be very cautious and watchful. Copyright does not protect ideas but protects the forms in which they are expressed. Thus documents and material available on the Internet can be protected by copyright. According to the Copyright Act, even storing of material in a computer corresponds to reproduction of material. This implies that viewing a page on the Internet leads to infringement because the web browser would make a copy of the page in the computer."
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Intellectual Property Rights in Pakistan, 2003.
An examination of the situation of intellectual property rights in Pakistan.
3,300 words (approx. 13.2 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the intellectual property rights in developing countries. It first briefly discusses the intellectual property and related issues, followed by the discussion of the state of intellectual property rights in Pakistan, an exemplary developing country.
From the Paper
"As technology improves, the current laws about intellectual property and copyright are being challenged. Copying of nearly everything, from sound, to text, to video is made simple with computers, the Internet, scanners, CD burners and other technology. It is worth mentioning that after Defense products, the second largest net export of the United States is entertainment programming (Anonymous, 1989). The U.S. Department of Commerce estimated the worldwide value of pirated music in the 1980s to be $1.2 billion annually (Griffiths, 1999). The International Intellectual Property Alliance estimated Unites States? losses in the recorded music industry due to piracy at $600 million per year in the 1980s and the numbers are certainly higher now (Griffiths, 1999). There is obviously a lot at stake for those who are involved with the music industry as well as all the other industries affected by piracy."
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