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Industry & Labor in 19th Century English Literature, 1996.
Examines work, socioeconomics, success, class conflict, gender issues in novels by Charlotte Bronte, Dickens and George Eliot.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 18 sources, $ 119.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine the world of industry and labor as treated by various nineteenth-century British writers. The plan of the research will be to set forth the social and historical context in which such themes emerged in literary works of the period, and then to discuss in detail the manner in which they surfaced.
The decisive historical and social event shaping the literary and political landscape of Britain in the nineteenth century was the Industrial Revolution. Certain aspects of the Industrial Revolution are now familiar, such as urbanization, the rise of industrial capitalism in a country previously dominated by agriculture and the landed aristocracy, and the rise of the middle class. The widespread and growing influence of machine-oriented life had effects that persist into the modern period. In this..."
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19th Century English Artists' Techniques, 2002.
Examines the contributions of Sir Charles Eastlake and Mrs. Merrifeld to the contemporary understanding of 19th century English artists' techniques.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 7 sources, $ 106.95
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Abstract
Sir Charles Eastlake and Mrs. Merrifield added much, perhaps indirectly, to our knowledge of 19th century English artists' techniques. This paper examines their milieu, and how they gained interest in the painting that they wrote upon, along with their published contributions to fine art scholarship. Both authors are looked at in the light of a particular cultural and intellectual environment.
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Mother Figures in 19th Century English Literature, 2005.
Examines the presence of mother figures in works by Thomas Hardy and Elizabeth Gaskell.
1,617 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
During the nineteenth century, especially toward its conclusion, women were beginning to break out from their usual molds, and perceptive authors used that fact to create some outstanding dramas and novels. Thomas Hardy was one, having written "Tess of the D'Urbervilles" and Elizabeth Gaskell wrote "Ruth". There are many ways to look at these two novels; however, one interesting link makes them worth investigating. The paper shows that this link is the presence and the absence of a mother figure that might have changed the denouement of both women - a happy, peaceful conclusion for Ruth in her passing, and a tragic one for Tess, hounded by men seeking revenge for her stabbing of her seducer.
From the Paper
"Hardy, a male in the Victorian age where sex was all done behind closed doors and shuttered windows, as if it never existed at all, took umbrage at the mores of men and women whose lives would be shattered by revelations of premarital sex. Ruth had no mother to comfort her during her distress, having been forcibly removed from Mr. Bellingham. There was no mother to run to when it was time for the baby to be born. And yet, near the end of "Tess", when she might have needed her mother more than a bland Alec, her mother was distant, and not at all communicative with those who wanted information about Tess' whereabouts."
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Industrialism In 19th Century Britain, 2002.
Traces the rise of industrialism in 19th century Britain and some of the problems that resulted.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper traces the rise of industrialism in Britain in the 19th century. It examines the innovations in food production, transportation, and migration of the population to the cities and the problems that resulted.
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19th Century South Africa Mining Industry and Apartheid, 1994.
This paper discusses the development of the South African mining industry in the 19th Century as a precursor to the development of apartheid in the 20th Century.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 10 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"The word apartheid, which was coined in the 1930s in South Africa's intellectual community, is an Afrikaans word meaning apartness, which is interpreted as segregation.. Apartheid was not applied as the name of a set of government policies until the 1950s, when the Afrikaaner Nationalist Party government elected in 1948 began to attain success in the pursuit of an agenda that eventually excluded all non.whites from effective participation in government, and in the initiation of other policies the principal objective of which was the complete social segregation of whites and non whites in the then Union of South Africa."
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The Industrialization of Russia in the Late 19th Century, 2002.
Sources of economic growth in late 19th Century Russia.
2,701 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the era of industrialization when Russia began a period of sustained economic growth that many historians have interpreted as the product of a successful policy. The paper makes a case for other reasons, such as Russia?s dramatic population increase combined with a small economic base, as well as increases in capital stock. The paper also proves that the relationship between policy and output is overstated.
From the Paper
"Russia?s weakness and the significance of its failure to industrialize were exposed to the world during the Crimean War (1854-1856) and became the catalyst for a period of economic changes that accelerated towards the end of the 19th century. While Russia remained poor in relation to its European neighbors, significant economic progress was made between approximately 1880 and 1900. Though many of the reforms and policies instituted by the Russian government were designed to foster industrialization, the objectives of these policies were primarily political. Through a focus on domestic policy, the government hoped to modernize the army and raise the Tsar?s international prestige and influence, both of which continued to be reduced by events since the Crimean War. The political impetus behind industrialization and Russia?s unique circumstances (autocracy, its size, chronic fiscal deficits, etc.) shaped the process in unique ways. Industrialization came much later, was generally more uneven and led to less political reform than in other European countries. Russia?s goal was to retake its ?rightful? place among Europe?s Great Powers, not necessarily lift its citizenry out of the quagmire of poverty."
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Rape In Britain In The Late 18th Century and Early 19th Century, 1997.
Examines legal, social, marital, literary, theoretical, moral, class and feminist issues, focusing on the views of women as possessions of men.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 15 sources, $ 95.95
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From the Paper
"The purpose of this research is to examine the issue of rape in Great Britain in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. The plan of the research will be to set forth the social and cultural context in which the issue achieves significance and then to discuss patterns of activity within the culture that appear to show an evolution of consciousness and priorities in the understanding of the phenomenon.
The conceptualization of rape in Britain in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries appears to have been very much a social construction that dominated the whole of Western society, whether in England and the Empire, on the continent, or in the U.S. Thus however rape might have been perceived or experienced at the personal level, the principal social fact about the phenomenon was that it was subsidiary to more widely held views of social ..."
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African-American Female Social Reformers Of The 19th Century-20th Century, 1995.
Describes the lives and careers of Sojourner Truth, Harriet Tubman, Ida B. Wells-Barnett and Fanie Lou Hamer.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 4 sources, $ 71.95
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From the Paper
"The role of individual personalities in a social movement is often recorded in disproportion to the individual's achievement. Minorities have received short shrift in the past. Women in particular are apt to be slighted by historians who, until recently, were generally composed of educated white males viewing the past through a perspective that was sorely limited by lack of imagination and empathy. Needless to say, women of African-American heritage have been more likely lost in the shuffle of such opinion than white women and black men. As Arican-Americans in America moved from slavery to freedom, from segregated minority to still-being-attempted integration into the mainstream society, there has been a none-too-subtle discount of the black woman's accomplishments in the field of social reform. Nevertheless, there has been a strong spine of African-American ..."
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Hurting Canadian Women in the 19th Century, 2002.
How the labor market affected women's status in the 19th century in Canada.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the severity of women suffering in the 19th century labour market. Illustrated is how women's roles were predetermined and pushed into being house labourers.
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The Role of Women in 19th Century England, 2002.
This paper compares two essays about the role of women in 19th Century England written by Sarah Stickney Ellis (excerpt from ?The Wives of England?- 1843) and Jeanne Deroin (excerpt from ?Almanach des Femmos?- 1852).
980 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 2 sources, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper defines that these two critical essays are essential studies of how women?s role in 19th Century English society shifted from one of subordination to a more liberal, even radical criticism of the society?s treatment of women. This paper discusses Ellis? essay, which talks about women?s subordination to men and Deroin's later essay, which criticizes the unjust and unequal treatment of the society to its women, particularly in their role as wives, mothers, and as women inside the family institution.
From the Paper
"Ellis? essay, an excerpt from her book, ?The Wives of England,? talks about the ways and actions a woman must portray in public in order to be considered an intelligent and ?rational? individual by her society. The essay is described as an advisory about the necessary actions a woman must do in order to make their husbands, or the men, ?feel like kings in their own households and thereby become aware of just how much they need their devoted wives.? Ellis started her essay by stating that the role of men in the society is essential and their role as the ?head of a household? are both vital functions to which the males of the society must attend. In effect, Ellis makes it clear that the role of women fades in comparison with the important work men must do to both maintain the stability and security of the society and his family."
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19th Century Literature, 2003.
A discussion of various novels from the 19th century, focusing on the role of the main female character in each.
2,555 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
A comparison of the characters in Jane Austen's "Sense and Sensibility", Samuel Richardson's "Pamela" and Fanny Burney's "Evelina". The paper begins by reviewing the literature that preceeded the 19th century and the changes evident in the 19th century. The writer then explores the roles of the main characters of each of the novels, as a part of their society and times.
From the Paper
"The eighteenth century was a very important time for the development of a new literary form known as the novel. As this literary form progressed, characterizations of femininity changed, reflecting changes in society. Samuel Richardson?s Pamela (1741) is a self-consciously moral antidote to the immoral novels of Aphra Behn, Delarivier Manley, and Eliza Haywood. The full title is: Pamela, or, Virtue Rewarded, and the latter part of the title forms the main theme of the novel. Jane Austen published Sense and Sensibility in 1811, nearly a half century later, and her female characters reflect a difference in attitude towards sentiment."
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Conservatism in 19th Century England, 2005.
A look at why conservatism dominated Europe in the first half of the 19th century.
1,065 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the reasons why the dominant political ideology of 19th century Europe was conservative as opposed to liberal capitalist or communist. This paper describes the reasons Europe wanted to return to an old traditional society instead of continuing towards a more enlightened, liberal society in the first half of the 19th century.
From the Paper
"After the Defeat of Emperor Napoleon I in 1813 and his subsequent exile in 1815, Europe was at an end of three decades of political upheaval, continental war, and economic struggle. With Europe's victory over France came the recoil of the liberal ideological politics that had eroded the stability of modern Europe. Hundreds of thousands of people had been slain and the political and hierarchical traditions had been forever broken. "His conquests displaced a number of laws, institutions, and customs; broke through bonds sacred among all nations" (Perry, 153). The consequences of the Enlightenments rational thought was believed to have had been fully realized by conservatives. Europe had paid the penalty for their abandonment of tradition and religion for individualism and reason."
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19th Century American Theater, 2004.
Discusses the history of theater in America in the 19th century.
2,020 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
By the mid-19th century, theater in the United States had undergone a dramatic transformation. Theater became enormously popular and attracted a more genteel and wealthy audience. The paper shows how plays by American writers began to showcase social concerns, and actors and actresses enjoyed a new-found status as respected members of society. "Uncle Tom's Cabin" became one of the most popular plays of the time and typified American theater's new focus on social conditions. The paper shows that the last half of the 19th century marked significant changes in American theater. These changes were partially spurred by the large population growth in East Coast cities. As America grew, the number of theaters increased. Also as America's leisure time increased and wages increased, Americans looked to the theater for entertainment. The paper explains that improvements in transportation allowed actors and actresses to tour parts of America that had never had professional theaters, and the result was an explosion in the popularity of the theater.
From the Paper
"The historical accuracy of Uncle Tom's cabin was also indicative of the move toward the historical accuracy of sets, costumes, and dialects seen in 19th century theater (Robinson). The play is a 'melodrama', or simply a play with music, allowing American audiences all over the country exposure to the music of the Negro spiritual, which contained a complex mixture of dialect and music that depicted black culture of the time. In ACT II, Scene 4, Topsy sings 'Oh, I'se So Wicked', a song that characterized the life and dialect of southern slaves, and depicted the degradation of slaves."
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Late 19th Century Working Class Women, 2008.
This paper discuses literature about research describing working class women in the late 19th century, especially in Montreal and Paris, Ontario.
2,090 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in Bettina Bradbury's research, between 1861 and 1891, mainly French-Canadian women are found living and working in a harsh way, which demanded general resourcefulness to maintain their families' survivals. The author points out that, in contrast, Joy Parr's study of Ontario's industrial towns after 1880 reveals women's closer connections to the waged labor economy. The paper stresses that Bradbury's depiction of working class women in Montreal is convincing and speaks to Canadian women in terms beyond economics or feminism. The author found that, despite much theory referring to positions of gender as somehow unitary, there are dangers in presuming the realities of working class women in the later 19th century. The paper concludes that this literature helps interpret a contemporary Canadian society, which still tends to disadvantage women.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Situation versus Culture
Reflection
Last Remarks
From the Paper
"Few widows received pension incomes for their husbands had often not had pensions in the forms of employment available to them. A predictable aspect of law so disadvantageous to women was the woman to turn to prostitution for survival or those running brothels or taverns. Joy Parr's work refers to Paris, Ontario and the demand for mainly British factory hands, often women, who were already skilled contributors to factory life before emigration. The idea of women working beyond the home as losing their reputations prevailed in much attention to 'protecting' women in Paris Ontario, as in the Penmans company's payment of quite low wages but also providing recreational and health care services."
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Anti-Semitism in 19th Century Europe, 2003.
An examination of the reasons behind anti-Semitism in France and Russia in the 19th century.
4,301 words (approx. 17.2 pages), 32 sources, APA, $ 113.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the history of anti-Semitism in Europe during the 19th century. The paper explores the similarities between the anti-Semitic prejudices that engulfed France and Russia in the late nineteenth century and then shows how in France, anti-Semitism was largely a right-wing Catholic movement, peppered with socialist support in the aftermath capitalistic change. The paper also provides a broad definition of anti-Semitism in general.
From the Paper
"Anti-Semitism is not an ?identical phenomenon? similar to all countries, but rather based on individual national histories. The anti-Semitic prejudices that emerged in France and Russia in the late nineteenth century were both preceded by defeat in war, economic instability, and political change; circumstances exploited by the Judeo-phobic press and literature. However, while French anti-Semitism was derived from traditional religious dogmatism, and encouraged by the potent political force of anti-Republican Catholicism, the Russian experience was based on an ideological imperialism that was promoted by the government, and common to all ?true? Russians."
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