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Knowledge Management, 2004.
A discussion on whether it is possible for an organisation to develop a knowledge base which is more than the sum of its individual employees? knowledge.
3,065 words (approx. 12.3 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how knowledge management is one of the hottest subjects in management studies due to the changing paradigm of management as we enter the 21st century. It attempts to show that it is possible for an organisation to develop a knowledge base, which is more than the sum of its individual employees? knowledge. It reviews the guidance given by the management literature and considers some of the important points. It also looks at some companies that have been successful in their implementation of a knowledge management system.
Outline
Introduction
Knowledge Management
Knowledge Creation
Learning Organisation
Obstacles to Creating a Knowledge Base
Knowledge Sharing
Characteristics of an Effective KM System
Knowledge Management ? 2 Different Opinions
Success Stories
Conclusions
From the Paper
"KPMG recently surveyed over 400 organisations in the UK, mainland Europe and the US and found ?81% had or were considering a knowledge management program, 79% believed that knowledge management can play an ?extremely significant? or ?significant? role in improving competitive advantage?. (KPGM Knowledge management Research Report) Similarly, a survey by PriceWaterhouseCoopers showed that 97 % of senior executives believe that ?knowledge management is a critical issue for them?. A more telling survey conducted by Tacit was that of individuals working at the interface between creating/using knowledge. In a survey of professional, managerial, and technical knowledge workers Tacit investigated employees opinion on how their employers handled knowledge sharing. The findings of the Tacit survey illustrate a serious problem, valuable knowledge is available &/or created within the organisation, but is not utilised efficiently."
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Personal Philosophy of Knowledge, 2002.
An examination of the theory of individual knowledge and how it is acquired with a focus on comparing this theory to other knowledge theories.
1,787 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
A discussion of individual knowledge gained by past experience, from actions and of knowledge in a business situation which depends on the environment, with the environment dependent on management.
From the Paper
"The knowledge philosophy can be summarized by breaking it down into three areas. Firstly, individual knowledge comes from past experience. Knowledge is gained by an individual?s experience. People are given certain facts that they may accept as truths, with a person able to either accept or reject the idea. Based on their past experience, including past knowledge they have accepted, they will either accept or reject new knowledge. Rejection would mean assuming either that the piece of information is not true or that it is not important. Acceptance would mean taking the information in and accepting it as part of what they know."
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Knowledge-Based System Applications, 2002.
A review of knowledge acquisition for knowledge-based system applications.
8,801 words (approx. 35.2 pages), 40 sources, MLA, $ 184.95
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Abstract
In this paper, an overview is provided of knowledge acquisition as it relates to expert systems. After this, specific knowledge acquisition methodologies and techniques are reviewed that have been used in the development of knowledge-based systems. Subsequently, information is provided on recent advances in knowledge acquisition. Finally, future trends based on recent developments are discussed.
Overview of Knowledge Acquisition
First Generation Knowledge Acquisition Methodological Approaches
Second Generation Knowledge Acquisition Methodological Approaches
Knowledge Acquisition Techniques by Interaction with the Expert
Interviewing
Case Study
Protocol Analysis
Critiquing
Role Playing
Simulation
Prototyping
Rapid Application Development and Joint Application Development
Teachback
Observation
Goal Related
List Related
Construct Elicitation
Sorting
Laddering
20 Questions
Document Analysis
Recent Developments in Knowledge Acquisition
Future Directions
References
From the Paper
"Knowledge acquisition represents a field of artificial intelligence focused on the development of methods, techniques and tools for building expert system knowledge bases. During the 1970s and 1980s, most researchers and practitioners believed that knowledge should be acquired via a process involving a knowledge engineer, who interviews a domain expert regarding the knowledge domain of interest. The knowledge engineer was then responsible for organizing and formalizing the extracted knowledge to the point that it was appropriate for processing by a knowledge-based system. After processing was completed, the extracted knowledge could then be tested by presenting example problems to the knowledge-based system."
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Plato's Quest for True Knowledge, 2002.
Examining Plato's paradox of the search for true knowledge and how one will know when one has discovered this knowledge.
1,785 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how Plato states that for true knowledge, the process known as learning is actually a process of uncovering or recollecting what the individual already knows. It explains that as a solution to the question of how one will know when the correct answer is found this is ingenious. But this is not Plato's essential answer to the paradox. The true resolution lies in Socrates' demonstration that one can, through inquiry, come to knowledge of an object even though one has no knowledge of it to begin with.
From the Paper
"As Socrates puts it, during the discussion of what the slave has accomplished in the exercise in inquiry, "a man who does not know has in himself true opinions on a subject without having knowledge" (85c). Plato's theory of recollection may provide an explanation of how the individual is able to proceed along the path toward knowledge and how he knows when he has discovered knowledge. But recollection is, in itself, inadequate to the task of inquiry which is, as Socrates shows, essential to acquiring knowledge even if this is essentially an uncovering of knowledge the individual possesses from previous incarnations.
Socrates' method on being asked about a particular object (usually a virtue) is to deny that he has any knowledge of the object of inquiry and then to prompt the other to explain what he knows about that object. Those with whom he speaks inevitably have opinions or beliefs about the object in question. As the interlocutor supplies his answers (his opinions and beliefs) Socrates leads him, by careful questioning, to see that he does not, in fact, have the knowledge of the object that he thought he possessed. Thus Socrates invariably demonstrates to the other party that, like Socrates, he too does not know what the virtue is. This leaves the other man, as Meno says, feeling like he has been stung and numbed by the hidden barb of a sting-ray (80a). But in Meno's case the interlocutor begins to question the whole process of inquiry in which they are engaged. Meno poses a paradox for Socrates which presents a genuine puzzle."
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"Knowledge Walkouts" & EMC, 2006.
A look at whether knowledge management and enterprise content management (ECM) can save a company from "knowledge walkouts".
2,424 words (approx. 9.7 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper defines and analyses the concept of "knowledge walkouts". It specifically discusses strategies for managing the creation of enterprise content management (ECM) and ensuing knowledge management strategies to alleviate the loss of key intellectual property as key employees retire.
Outline:
Executive Summary
Statement of the Problem
Findings
Defining Enterprise Content Management
Structuring Enterprise Content is the First Step to Knowledge Management
Retaining the Knowledge to Overcome "Knowledge Walkouts"
Knowledge Management for Many Organizations: Use It Or Lose It
Knowledge for the New Workforce
New Technology for the New Generation
Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"The fact that there are organizations whose knowledge management systems are best practices for their given industry, and have processes in place for capturing and retaining excellent components of their knowledge are still the fact that it must be used to be effective according to Gartner (2006). Based on "the last mile" of knowledge management so to speak being these processes of selectively applying the content to specific business strategies and challenges, the indexing, search, and retrieval of knowledge in these repositories becomes a completely separate issue. Once in the repository, there's little guarantee that the valuable knowledge ever emerges again. In fact, it's not valuable at all without a thorough consideration for the way new workers will access it and put it to use. Getting workers to change how they do their jobs is also a critical aspect of capturing content, according to The Hard Side of Change Management (2005). "
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Knowledge Management for Supply Chains, 2008.
A review of how knowledge management (KM) maintains the value of managing a firm's collective knowledge, which is the key to providing supply chain solutions.
2,137 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
The paper defends the position that there is value of knowledge management to the field of supply chain logistics, which is a paradigm shift in thinking about the field of supply chains. The paper explores the areas of attempting to define knowledge management and aligning it and exploring knowledge management value within the field of supply chain logistics.
Outline:
Introduction
Logistics
Defining Knowledge Management
Defining Supply Chain Logistics
Knowledge as a Strategic Resource
Creating value through KM within the Service Industry
Decision Path: Outsourcing or Leveraging Knowledge
Knowledge Creating Company
Conclusion
From the Paper
"According to Davenport's and Smith's contribution to the The Knowledge Management Yearbook 2000-2001, entitled, "Managing Knowledge in Professional Service Firms", details how Professional Services (PS) firms were pioneers in managing knowledge and have developed a certain sophistication in the area; because a core business function of PS firms is to sell their knowledge and application of it. These core competencies in learning how to effectively and efficiently create, diffuse, and use professional knowledge are providing value to the clients of professional service providers, but there is a measurable gain with respect to the supply chain logistical functions of their clients as well. The professional services industry, which includes legal, accounting and tax, consulting, and systems integration services, is knowledge intensive (Davenport & Smith, 1999). These knowledge intensive activities are present in both the professional services industry as well as industrial industry. A new development in today's modern economy is the prevalence of Business Process Outsourcing."
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Knowledge, 2006.
This paper discusses several theories and philosophies about knowledge.
1,710 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that knowledge, a kind of belief, deals with abstractions and concepts in the brain, which are possible only to conscious human beings and which is acquired through time, not something inborn such as instinctual actions. The author points out that verification or epistemology is necessary in achieving or claiming knowledge because human beings make mistakes. The paper relates that phenomenalists maintains that perception is the only existence and the perception is all that occurs; whereas, pragmatists consider only knowledge, which is important and solves certain problems amidst the constraints in the world and human objectives.
From the Paper
"Knowledge is propositional or factual if acquired only mentally or intellectually. A person can learn how to swim by reading about swimming but does not possess procedural knowledge until he performs the act. Michael Polanvi introduced the term tacit knowledge, which distinguishes the ability to do something from the ability to describe how to do it. Gilbert Ryle named the characteristics of knowledge through his aphorism, "efficient practice precedes the theory of it." The distinction is traced to Plato's use of the term techne or skill for knowledge of how and episteme for claims of truth or falsity."
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Donald Davidson and Knowledge, 2008.
This paper looks at Donald Davidson's theories about knowledge.
1,041 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that in tackling the problem of epistemology, Donald Davidson identifies three types of human knowledge that can be validated by empirical means. The writer discusses that these are self-knowledge, knowledge of the world, and knowledge of other people. The writer points out that Davidson then embarks upon the establishment of a comprehensive systematic means by which these three types of knowledge might be linked and hence legitimized in the eyes of the non-empiricist skeptic. The writer concludes that Davidson suggests that one naturally has thoughts that one does not share with others, but then makes the provocative statement that the content of such thoughts is not personal and individual, by which he presumably means they are not original, because of the fact that they are still grounded in the physical world and the conceptual, communal framework that the individual dwells in.
From the Paper
"But in order to obtain knowledge of another's mind via communication, one must first have knowledge of the external world. This is because communication is contingent on stimulation from an external source. This is where Davidson introduces his theory of triangulation. A stimulus sends out waves to two different people at once. The two people then face one another and communicate as a means of correlating their observed reactions to that particular piece of stimuli. Thus, argues Davidson, knowledge of both the external world and knowledge of the minds of others are interrelated, and neither form of knowledge is possible without the other.
"What is more, in order to be able to attribute a thought to someone else, we must first be aware of what our own thoughts are. Thus, self-knowledge and the knowledge of the minds of others are interrelated. "
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Problem Solving Knowledge Sharing, 2006.
A look at how companies successfully overcome knowledge sharing obstacles by adopting a multi-faceted approach to knowledge sharing.
1,776 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This study examines the knowledge sharing process in order to determine what factors can successfully influence a manager's ability to overcome knowledge deficits and improve an organizations bottom line. Key aspects of knowledge sharing examined in this synopsis include operations management, information management and project management. In addition the researcher defines knowledge sharing as a strategy that contributes to continuous improvement in organizations large and small. For purposes of this study large organizational strategies are considered.
Table of Contents
Executive Summary
Synopsis of Knowledge Sharing Problem
Project Management
Operations Management
Information Management
Combining Operations, Information and Project Management To Foster Knowledge Sharing
Conclusions
From the Paper
"One of the most formidable challenges facing managers is facilitating productive knowledge sharing throughout the organization. Knowledge sharing is the process of exchanging or sharing information and knowledge within an organization in a manner that results in the greatest organizational success. There are many factors that can impede knowledge sharing within an organization. These include: lack of partnership, the lack of desire to seek advice from others or uncover new ways of doing things, failure to understand how useful knowledge might be for others, lack of trust and lack of time (Skyrme, 1). "
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Achievement Gaps, 2008.
This paper discusses reasons for the existence of achievement gaps and looks at possible ways of reducing these gaps.
8,300 words (approx. 33.2 pages), 25 sources, APA, $ 176.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that for many years there has been a considerable achievement gap in America. Most often this achievement gap is evident when comparing wealthy children to poor children. There are also achievement gaps along the lines of race and gender. The writer explores why these achievement gaps exist and the ways in which these gaps can be reduced. The writer also provides some facts concerning the types of achievement gaps that exist in America. The writer maintains that achievement gaps between white and black students begin in elementary school and exist throughout adulthood. The research suggests that such factors as poverty, under funding and racism play substantial roles in contributing to the achievement gap amongst American students.
Outline:
Introduction
Achievement Gap
Why Does an Achievement Gap Exist?
Poverty
Unequal Funding
Locus of Control
Acting White
Academic Disengagement
Reasons for Academic Disengagement
How to reduce the Achievement Gap
Adequate School Funding and School Choice
Better Trained and Better Paid Teachers
Detracking
Changing Perceptions
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"When schools do not have adequate funding they can not purchase enough books for every student, school equipment may be deteriorating and students may not have access to the technologies needed. A lack of these essential tools can make it difficult for students to thrive.
"In addition to adequate school funding, school choice may be needed in some districts. The issue of school choice is a controversial one but parents and students should not have to bear the cost of schools that are failing children and not providing them with the education needed to compete in the world. In a perfect world schools would get funding and well trained teachers but the reality is that in order to close the achievement gap some serious issues must be addressed and this may result in the temporary or permanent closing of underperforming or failing schools."
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Partners HealthCare Knowledge Integration, 2008.
A case study analysis of the issues related to a knowledge base and logic engine to integrate knowledge at Partner's HealthCare.
3,402 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 96.95
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Abstract
This paper deals with issues which are relevant to the Partners HealthCare System (PHC) that integrate knowledge stored in knowledge bases with a logic engine that defines the interconnections between the various kinds of knowledge. The paper discusses the differing characteristics of information as used by physicians and management and the role of information systems professionals in establishing the system. The paper also looks at project management and management of risks, security threats to the data and ways of dealing with these threats.
Table of Contents:
Executive Summary
Information Characteristics
Role of Information Systems Personnel in Knowledge Management and Sharing
Importance of Project Management, Change Management and Risk Management
Risks of not Investing in Information Technology
Semiotic Analysis using Syntactics, Semantics and Pragmatics
Three Potential Threats to Security of Data
Three Security Practises to Safeguard Data Assets
Firewall
Intrusion Detection System
Public Key Encryption
Two Potential Privacy Issues that may Arise from Partners HealthCare System
Two Policy Approaches to Protect Personal Privacy of Patients
Cultural Issues Surrounding the Partners HealthCare System
Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"In conclusion PHC has developed and implemented a successful human-computer system that appears to be achieving its goals. I strongly recommend that PHC initially focus its efforts on securing its data repository which is its greatest asset. The knowledge accumulated from the experienced medical staff and placed in the knowledge base ensures that even if the staff should leave the organisation, the knowledge will be retained. Medical information regarding patients facilitates their treatment. By studying and internalising the points made in this report regarding privacy issues, data security and cultural issues inherent in operating a heterogeneous system combining humans with computerised resources, PHC should be able to leverage its position as a leading healthcare provider in the New England area."
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Knowledge and Expertise in the Court System, 2008.
An analysis of whether expert knowledge, that is presented in court, is in fact true and accurate knowledge and whether it is reliable in court proceedings.
1,763 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the truth of knowledge and expertise within the court system and looks at whether this form of information could represent inaccurate knowledge. More specifically, the paper analyzes whether data such as scientific opinion and expertise, social science evidence and eyewitness testimony are reliable in court proceedings and whether they do, in fact, represent "knowledge."
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Knowledge and Expertise in Court
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The findings of the abovementioned researchers indicate some interesting trends in our conception of "truth", "knowledge" and "expertise" in the modern court system. Though science is honored in modern society as an almost God-like certainty, in the court system (as Bertin & Henifin point out) it holds much less weight. The combined findings indicate that court rulings are based rather on a number of forms of evidence, all of which have been called into question by the researchers. Like Bertin and Henifin, Redding and Reppucci explored a form of court evidence often scrutinized for accuracy - social science evidence. However, unlike Bertin and Henifin, Redding and Reppucci seem to lament the fact that their investigated form of evidence is often overlooked or misconstrued in the field of law, particularly by judges - the ultimate decision-makers. Lastly, like Redding and Reppucci, Kebbell and Giles explored the concept of bias in court in eliciting tainted evidence. Kebbell and Giles demonstrated that the questioning techniques of lawyers can have an impact on the accuracy of eyewitness recollection. The combined findings of these researchers indicate that knowledge and expertise in the court system under current provisions is far from conclusive."
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Knowledge Management:a Tool For Efficient Product Development, 2006.
An in-depth look at how knowledge management is a tool for efficient product development in the international automotive industry.
15,476 words (approx. 61.9 pages), 41 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper takes an in-depth look at knowledge management, a relatively new business concept that is attracting the attention of informed and global-oriented companies because of its promise to introduce new elements of flexibility and efficiency in the entire business spectrum - from management, plant and production to front line activities. This paper attempts to answer many questions related to knowledge management, which a growing number of management scholars present as a newly discovered key to unlock the productive powers of all people in a company and to bind them in one neat package towards achieving organizational success.
This paper has chosen to focus on three examples of companies in the automotive industry, implementing knowledge management.
Table of Contents
List of Tables
List of Figures
Acknowledgement
Chapter I - Introduction
Chapter II - Literature Review
I.1. Knowledge Management
II.1a. Knowledge as Business Asset
II.1b. Types of Knowledge
II.1c. Key Players in KM
II.1d. Transfer of Knowledge
II.1e. Holistic Approach
II.1f. Primacy of People
II.2. The Automotive Industry
II.2a. Technology and Innovation
II.2b. Control Systems
II.3. Product Development
II.3a. Development Stages
II.3b. New Imperatives
II.3c. KM Strategies
II.3d. KM Terms and Concepts
II.4. Conceptual Framework
II.5. Information and KM Concepts
Chapter III - Industry, Country & Company Review
III.1. Industry Trends
III.2. Country Perspectives
III.3. Company Reports
Chapter IV - Research Methodology
III.1. Observation and Direct Communication
III.2. Quantitative vs. Qualitative Research
Chapter V - Results
Chapter VI - Discussion and Conclusion
From the Paper
"There are as many definitions of knowledge management as there are long-cherished ideas of how to run a business. If there is a common ground in the divergent perceptions of knowledge management, it is the generally accepted proposition that KM aims to transform knowledge into new levels of organizational capabilities and competences (Sanchez, R., 2006). The debate revolves around the question of how to implement it in the most effective manner. This study thus fixes its attention on the different KM strategies adopted by organizations, closing in on the international automotive industry because it is identified as among the sectors that especially needs and stand to derive enormous benefits from the new management technique. The focus shifts from there to the development process for new vehicles, where KM is said to be most helpful, and which calls for synthesizing all kinds of knowledge and specialization - the whole rationale for KM. As setting of the study, we pick out India for the simple reason that it now serves as manufacturing base for the internationalization efforts of many automotive companies."
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"The Individual", 2007.
An analysis of the section, "The Individual," within Peter Drucker's "The Essential Drucker".
3,207 words (approx. 12.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the section entitled "The Individual," within "The Essential Drucker," written by Peter Drucker. The paper explains that "The Individual" focuses on how the individual "knowledge worker" can and should ensure effectiveness within the business world. The paper also explains that the section discusses issues such as ensuring effectiveness and an individual's personal well-being in the workplace throughout the lifespan.
From the Paper
"However, I do not believe that the best way to incorporate individuals into society is to Westernize them. In terms of the contribution ideal above, I rather feel that each individual should be valued for everything that he or she is able to bring to the job. The truly global society can only be effective if it recognizes every culture from which it is made up. An attempt at westernization would only result in the kind of conflict hypothesized by Drucker. Instead, communication enables every person on the globe to learn from each other, even if some of what is learned is decidedly strange (Smith, 2003)."
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Knowledge Management.
Explains the concept of knowledge management and how a particular company has successfully implemented the knowledge management process.
2,584 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
This paper introduces the concept of knowledge management, defines some of the tools used for implementing this process, and examines a particular company's successful implementation of the process. The paper defines the different levels of knowledge management, which include processes, tools, and structures, and details the manner in which the company applies knowledge management at each of these levels.
From the Paper
"As Nakkiran Sunassee has been keen to point out in one of his papers, ?The world is experiencing an era which has been termed the ?knowledge age? or the ?knowledge economy?. In this new context, knowledge is the primary commodity, and knowledge flows are regarded as the most important factors in the economy? . This assertion should be at the very basis of our research, because it shows the new dominant trend in most industries. Value and value creation no longer comes from production, but from knowledge and it is often the case that a company will have a better potential for the future because of knowledge capital it has in the present."
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