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The Importance of Learning in the Arab World, 6.
This paper emphasizes the importance of learning in the early modern period in the Arab world.
1,310 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 0 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This essay examines the importance of learning in the Arab world with specific reference to Portugal during the early modern period. It examines how this nation was empowered by its adaptation of Arabic mathematics and Arab navigational and naval technology. Arab knowledge of cartography and navigation, from which all European nations borrowed heavily, enabled Portugal to forge ahead in the drive to seek colonies and expand Portugal?s sphere of trade.
From the paper:
?In the current political climate, it has become easy to forget the past. It has become easy to forget how, many hundreds of years ago the Arab world was not seen as a place of darkness, of anti-modernist and anti-technological sentiments. Rather Islam was seen as a beacon of light for the West, providing important mathematical and navigational knowledge that enabled Europeans to make exploratory forays into what became the New World. The very numbers that paginate this particular document are ?Arabic Numerals,? an improvement on the cumbersome and often confusing system of Roman numerals.?
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America and the Arab World, 2004.
Looks at the views of America held by the Arab world and the views of the Arab world held by America.
1,967 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how the events of September 11th have affected the way Americans see the Muslim and Arab world and how America's foreign policy in the Middle East has affected the way the Arab and Muslim world sees the United States.
From the Paper
"After the events of September 11th, 2001, American views on Arab-Americans and Islam took a further turn for the worse, which gave the Islamic world even more wood for the fire of disdain held towards Americans. The events themselves, came as a shock to a vast majority of Americans, who for so long, were under the impression that they were well liked by everyone, and were the Super-Power that was everybody?s friend. This ignorance was due largely in part to a lack of comprehension of America?s current and past foreign policies, and their ever-involvement in the political arena in the Middle East. "
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Michael Field "Inside The Arab World", 1995.
This paper is a critical review of Michael Field "Inside The Arab World", which attempts to explain the contemporary Arab world: Relations with Israel, culture, religion and politics.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 1 source, $ 63.95
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From the Paper
"It is likely that Americans, whose attention to the rest of the world tends to be sporadic, and driven largely by immediate events or strong emotional "hooks," are now inclined to relegate Arabs and the Arab world to a sort of benign neglect. Arab oil money has long since been replaced in popular fears by Japanese economic inroads. The Persian Gulf War has faded into history, and Americans' anxious attentions are now focused on Bosnia, a largely Muslim country but not an Arab one. Palestinians and Israelis have signed a peace; an uncertain and fragile peace to be sure, but peace does not make news.
Even "Islamic fundamentalists" have, for now, faded from the television news. When a federal building was blown up in Oklahoma, with heavy loss of life, the media and the public jumped at once to the conclusion that it was the doing of Arabs, ... "
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Learning Arabic in English, 2005.
An in-depth study at the method of using English as a first language to teach Arabic as a second language.
18,352 words (approx. 73.4 pages), 85 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This study explores elementary Arabic heritage students' use of English as a first language (L1) to learn Arabic as a second language (L2). Far from being restricted to "good language learners" or certain corners of academia, L2 acquisition and learning occurs in a wide variety of settings. The literature review is divided into three major parts. The first part is a concise history of Arab immigration to the United States. The second part is a short description of the Arabic language, its origins and characteristics. The third section of the literature review explores previous studies and research of the manner in which L1 supports the learning and acquisition of L2.
The basic hypothesis that is tested is as follows: If the students retrogress as they use their first language to learn the second one, it is clear that there is interference in the long run. However, if the students show overall progress in the long run as they use the first language to learn the second one, there is no significant interference. The results of the study predict that students will show overall progress as they use the first language to learn the second one. Finally, the study results have significant implications for future research in languages and teaching methods.
Abstract
Introduction
Literature Review
Part I. Historical Background Surrounding the Arab Immigration
Part II. The Arabic Language
Arabic Language and Identity
Part III. Use of a First Language (L1) to Support the Learning and Acquisition of a Second Language (L2)
Brief Historical Background
Second Language Learners
Mismatch Hypothesis
The Natural Order Hypothesis
The Input Hypothesis
Environmentalist Theory
The Threshold Theory
Underlying Proficiency Hypothesis
Analysis of Literature Review
Arguments against L1 & L2 Learning
Significance of the Study
Data Collection
Study Participants
Methodologies
Procedure
Scheduling
Presentation of Analysis of Results and General Summary of Findings
Interview Analysis
Importance of the Study Results
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Finally, there remain as many questions as answers, such as whether English will ultimately take over advanced education, as well as serving for international communication. Additionally, will the status of Arabic change, will its official role be implemented, and will the Arabic minority maintain their language? It remains to be seen whether language policy and planning are able to effect such a complex situation, whether language decisions can have effects on the social and political context, or whether they are in fact driven completely by external political and economic forces (Spolsky & Shohamy, 1997). We know that the linguistic repertoire of a country is a reflection of a myriad of political, demographic, cultural, religious and economic factors (Spolsky & Shohamy, 1997).
A review of the related research and proposed study reveals that unraveling the sociocultural and political influences on the second language learner is no small task. In addition, there is tremendous variation in the contexts within which both individuals and groups acquire a second language ("The Diversity Kit," 2002). Educators face the challenge of understanding those contexts, what motivates individuals, the relationship between first and second languages, and the academic environment, as well as the different demands placed on the second language learner in a classroom setting ("The Diversity Kit," 2002). Some researchers have posited that teachers understanding of the second language acquisition process will guide their instructional strategies toward ways to accommodate second language learners in their various developmental sequences. "
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The Arab World, 2005.
This paper examines the image Westerners have of the Arab world.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the image the West has of the Arab world has always been formed to a certain extent by misperception and misunderstanding. The author points out that religious, cultural and political tensions, which have ebbed and flowed over the centuries between the West and the Arab world ,have been due to real grievances on both sides. The paper states that much of the mutual enmity between these two civilizations has arisen because Arabs and Westerners simply don't understand one another very well.
From the Paper
"The image the West has of the Arab world has always been formed to a certain extent by misperception and misunderstanding. The religious, cultural, and political tensions which have ebbed and flowed over the centuries between the West and the Arab world have been due to real grievances on both sides, but much of the mutual enmity between these two civilizations has arisen because Arabs and Westerners simply don't understand one another very well. September 11, 2001 was a defining moment, for the West reacted dramatically to the al Qaeda terrorist attacks on New York City and Washington D.C. The negative image many Westerners already had of the Arab world was reinforced by the carnage unleashed on America that autumn morning."
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Democracy in the Arab World, 2005.
A critique of an editorial about promoting democracy in the Arab world.
1,130 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper critiques an editorial that claims Arabs may be more successful at promoting democracy in the Arab world than any efforts mounted by the U.S. and other Western nations.
From the Paper
"In "They'll Do It Their Way", the editor of the Economist provides an essay on the difficulties in achieving democracy in the Arab world whose purpose is to inform and persuade. The essay is informative in that it provides a depiction of both Arab and U S views toward achieving democracy in the Arab world. The essay is an attempt to persuade readers that only Arabs and not outside influences like the U S can successfully promote democracy in the Arab world."
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Polygamy and Its Consequences in the Arab World, 2004.
A look at the practice of polygamy in the Arab world and the impact it has on the religion and culture.
1,750 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the practice of polygamy and examines why countries like Turkey and Tunisia outlawed it. It focuses its argument on the fact that Egypt should also outlaw polygamy and lists several disadvantages and criticism on this custom.
From the Paper
"Most people would define marriage as a close relationship between one man and one woman, based on trust and understanding, and not as a relationship between four women and one man. Not many women can tolerate, or even imagine the possibility that their husband, the person whom they supposedly trust, is not only having an affair but has three other families an three other wives which she may or may not know about. This is polygamy and it is the root of many social injustices and problems. Some of these problems are the loss of self esteem that the wife feels, the neglect the children feel, children and the poverty which can spread among families as a single income is distributed on more than one family. How can this injustice be supported in the name of religion? This is the question that many non Muslims ask and a main reason for their criticism of Islam. A large number of Muslims ask the same question and conclude that the Quran does not give men the unconditioned free license to marry up to four women. Many other Muslims insist that polygamy is allowed and permitted by the Quran. Moreover, they describe people who ban polygamy as sinful for prohibiting and questioning what God has permitted. When Tunisia and Turkey outlawed polygamy many Muslims interpreted their actions as sins against Islam. Unlike what many people assume and what many sheikhs state, the Quran does not support polygamy, and a close reading of the Quranic verses on polygamy reveals that the practice is prohibited except in very strict circumstances. Egypt should ban polygamy because it causes many social and economic problems."
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The Arabic World, 2007.
An analysis of Arab society and Islamic ideology today.
2,229 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that one of the biggest impacts on Arabs was the June 1967 defeat by Israel that presented Arab society, cultural politics and critical thought with many changes. The paper discusses the traditional Arab society where the family is the main point around which the society and social life revolves. The paper examines the prospects of Arabs attacking America's oil installations which could push up the price per barrel of oil. The paper discusses how Islamic forces talk about pluralism and moderation, but their base is still on their ideology and claims of the superiority of Islamic ideology over the rest of the world. The paper shows how the Arabic world's social customs and treatment of women are behind other parts of the world.
Outline:
Introduction
Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The land of the Arabs stretches for a length of some 5,000 miles and that is nearly double the distance between New York and San Francisco. In geographic terms, this is from the Atlantic coast of northern Africa in the west to the Arabian Sea in the east, and from the Mediterranean Sea in the north to Central Africa in the south. The total area is of 5.25 million square miles, whereas, United States comprises 3.6 million square miles. The total population of all the Arab nations was approximately 253 million as of 1994 and the largest proportion of them were youths and this can be seen from the position that almost half of the population was under fifteen years of age. If the present annual rate of increase persists, the population would have grown to around 280 million by the year 2000."
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An Analysis of Muhammad and the Arab World, 2002.
This essay examines and analyzes Muhammad?s influence in the founding of the Islamic Empire. It also describes patterns and draws conclusions on the four historical phases of Islamic history that followed his death, up to the mid-20th century.
3,530 words (approx. 14.1 pages), 4 sources, $ 99.95
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Abstract
This paper traces the path of the prophet Muhammad. It traces his life, teachings and the history surrounding Islam and Arab History.
Muhammad is rightly recognized as one of the most influential persons in history. His strong character and the astute political and spiritual leadership he provided helped shape an amazing age of human progress and unify most of the Arab world with a creed that has lasted over a thousand years.
From the paper:
"In addition to arriving at a time when political and religious weaknesses were present in the Middle East, Muhammad was also able to capitalize on the need for linguistic unity during this period of history. There was no dominant language used throughout the Arabian Peninsula, only various dialects of Arabic, but Muhammad brought a common language forth through Islam. While not requiring citizens of his expanding empire to become Muslims, he did insist that the Quran and God?s messages had been given to him in the Arabic language. The Quran was the first book to written in Arabic and Muslims believed it was the language in which it had been revealed; thus it had a huge impact on Islamic history and the cultural growth in the empire.
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The Importance of Listening and Conversation in the Learning Experience, 2002.
A discussion of the relation of communication to effective classroom experience.
3,825 words (approx. 15.3 pages), 9 sources, $ 135.95
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Abstract
Discusses the relation of communication to effective classroom experience. Need for teacher to be an effective listener; formal & informal learning process. Teaching as a complex process. Teacher-student relationship. Dynamic function of teacher conversation with students. Ethical issues & teaching. Responsibilities of teachers.
From the Paper
"This paper is a discussion of the importance of listening and using conversations as part of the learning experience. It uses Mary McCaslin and Thomas L. Good's text, Listening in Classrooms, as the primary reference and considers their principal thesis: that listening helps facilitate both the formal and the informal learning process and that the student-teacher relationship, built and enhanced through conversation and interchange, is the key to an effective classroom experience. The book attempts to provide specific techniques to build these relationships through listening, rather than simply suggesting that teachers hear what their students are saying. This exchange of communications, while apparently simple, is actually quite complex and requires a sophisticated degree of skill in order to be used well. Effective listening requires..."
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Non Arab Worries in an Arab World, 2005.
This paper discusses business practices in Arab dominated countries in the Middle East.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the overall nature of business practices in the Middle East as it pertains to Arab culture. Emphasis is given to Arab language in that the communication barrier itself must be overcome as well as to particular speech patterns within the Arabic culture that differ greatly from Western languages. Dress and behavior patterns are touched upon as are woman and how to navigate certain situations related to woman. Finally, some discussion is devoted to employment practices in the Arab region as it pertains to a foreign entity.
From the Paper
"In considering business practices in Arab dominated countries the two single most important factors are the Arabic language itself and the Muslim religion. Arabic is a part of the culture and every effort should be made acclimatize oneself to it: "The Arabic language, which Muslims respect as the language of God, has had an enormous influence on Arab culture and character". Yet, while the language creates a formidable barrier insofar as business practices are concerned, the Muslim faith and its interweaving with all things social and political create a much greater difficulty for non-Muslim, non-Arab business entities intent on undertaking a business venture in an Arab country. The Muslim faith is dominant throughout the Middle East and, in fact, dominates many of the regions governing bodies as well."
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Importance of Motivation, 2007.
This paper explores the importance of motivation with regards to learning and acquiring knowledge.
1,966 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses motivation as an important factor that decides the outcome of learning. The writer provides a brief overview of the subject of motivation in the context of its effect on the learning outcome. In the process, the writer studies some real life examples to illustrate how motivation greatly shapes success. The writer concludes that motivation is the single most important factor that decides the learning outcome of children. Further, the writer notes that even among adults, motivation is the vital characteristic that drives them to develop new relationships, continue to learn and accumulate knowledge, adapt new strategies and increase their leadership potential.
Outline:
Thesis
Introduction
Motivation
Motivation (Extrinsic and Intrinsic)
Theories of Motivation (Three Theories)
Reasons for Lack of Motivation
Improving Student Motivation
Real Life Examples
Helen Keller
Benjamin Franklin
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"According to the Attribution theory, the motivation level of students is largely determined by three factors namely, internal- external, Stable-unstable and controllable-uncontrollable. If students ascribe their failure to external or uncontrollable factors then motivation levels are considerably low. This is important because parents and teachers have considerable impact on students in terms of their expectations and the self-belief of the students. The Goal theory on the other hand revolves around what students perceive as the main reason for their achievement. Ability goal orientation and task goal orientation are the two different perceptions in the goal theory of motivation. In the first case students' view competence and display of skills as the motivating factors while in the latter self-improvement and knowledge accumulation are the main motivating factors. Studies have revealed that students with 'Task goal orientation' have better learning outcomes in terms of the quality, as they exhibit greater willingness to learn from their peers without any prejudice."
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Adult Learning, 2005.
This paper explores the importance of adult learning and education according to many cognitive theories.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 3 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
The paper examines Jean Piaget, Carl Rogers, Jack Mezirow, Lev Vygotsky, Robert Maslow, Malcolm Knowles and their peers and explains that they are all in agreement that adults should seek to understand society and develop the skills required to influence social change. The paper discusses that Knowles has noted how the fate of humanity depends upon the intelligence, skill and compassion of average citizens, so it is incumbent upon us to pursue adult education throughout our lives, for we should never stop learning. The paper adds how knowledge is our best tool, and it can best be gained through education.
From the Paper
"In their own ways, the adult learning theorists we have studied in class and in our assigned texts have identified and offered basically similar theoretical principles concerning the adult learning process. In the broadest sense, they agree that in social terms,\ adult learners should strive to understand the human experience, and familiarize themselves with the knowledge, great ideas and hallowed traditions of human civilization. Jean Piaget, Carl Rogers, Jack Mezirow, Lev Vygotsky, Robert Maslow, Malcolm Knowles and their peers are in agreement that adults should seek to understand society and develop the skills required to influence social change."
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Arab Tribal Revolt Of World War I, 2002.
Examines causes of Arab nationalism.
6,300 words (approx. 25.2 pages), 12 sources, $ 135.95
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Abstract
Examines causes of Arab nationalism. Early Arab revolts against the Ottomans; the Wahhabi revolt & others. Roots of Arab nationalism; Asabiyya. Ottomanism & self-determination. Muslim nationalism. "Young Turk" movement. Arab reaction to World War I. Allied policy. British alliance with Hussein. "Lawrence of Arabia." Pan-Arabism. Balfour Declaration. Treaties. Creation of the Middle East.
From the Paper
"THE ARAB TRIBAL REVOLT OF WORLD WAR I AND ITS RESULT
Introduction
Few topics of study have generated as much heat as Arab nationalism. Few peoples are as poorly understood as today's Arabs. Even deciding who is an Arab or defining what is meant by Arab nationalism can easily get scholars and students into trouble, with both the Arabs and their detractors. Arab feeling is strong, and it is likely to grow stronger in the years ahead. It is also sometimes bitter, due to some of the unhappy experiences of the Arabs in the early twentieth century (Coury, 1998, 24).
The Arabs have not been united since the era of the High Caliphate, if indeed then. Furthermore, they have not ruled themselves from the time the Turks came into the region until quite ..."
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The Influence of Culture on Learning Styles.
This paper discusses multiculturalism as a factor in culturally-based learning styles in Australia.
4,770 words (approx. 19.1 pages), 20 sources, APA, $ 122.95
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Abstract
This paper applies Geert Hofstede's quantification of the four components of culture, which are Power Distance, Individualism, Masculinity and Uncertainty Avoidance, to measure the cultural differences, which influence the learning styles of Australians, Arabs, and Asian within the Australian schools. The author points out that, as compared to Western and Australian students, Arab students appear to be resistant because they seem to be dependent, indecisive, or nonverbal emotionally; because of the role of fate in the teachings of Islam, they are thought to be survival-oriented rather than insight-oriented. The paper states that Asian and Arab students will require more structure than Australian students, may seek more definitive instruction and judgment of their work, may prefer to be considered one of a group, and will not as readily push themselves forward to seek information as will Australian students.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Multiculturalism as a Backdrop for Culturally Based Learning Styles in Australia
The Effects on Learning of Ethnic Communities
Influences on Learning Style Derived from Hofstede's Classifications
Australia's Cultural Expectations
The Arab World's Cultural Expectations
Thailand's Cultural Expectations
A Sign of Resistance to Accepting the New Culture
Factors Involved in Accepting the New Culture
The Importance of Culture on Learning Styles
Arab-Australian Learning Styles
Asian Learning Styles
Effective Strategies
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Again, this would seem to be easier for European cultures, having much in common with the foundation British culture of Australia, than for cultures such as those of the Middle East and Asia. Still, maintaining the cultural differences that result in learning differences over a long period is difficult. Maintaining cultural differences "needs an iron clad system of apartheid or self-imposed inward looking communal traditions." While this is more likely with the Middle Eastern immigrants for a variety of reasons, if the children are in Australian schools, it is likely that assimilation is acceptable to the family, and the teachers then must grapple with the cultural expectations those children bring to the classroom. This may be slightly less prevalent for Asian immigrant children simply because, in the current global climate, they would not suffer from what Australians think they know about the culture, as is arguably the case with those from the Arab world."
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