| Papers [1-15] of 42 :: [Page 1 of 3] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 —> | Search results on "IMAGING OPTICS": |
|
|
Imaging and Optics, 2005.
This paper discusses the way imaging and optics technologies are revolutionizing the way businesses communicate their products to the consumer.
6,020 words (approx. 24.1 pages), 20 sources, APA, $ 142.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains that imaging and optics technologies have provided a wide range of industries with the ability to label, track and prevent bad documentation to their products in a more efficient and economically sound business. The author points out that "automatic identification", the means of identifying a product mechanically and entering the data obtained automatically into a computer, includes bar codes, optical character recognition (OCR), magnetic ink character recognition (MICR), magnetic stripes and voice systems. The paper relates that a problem with voice recognition applications is that it can be affected by environmental factors such as background noise; however, this technology has been the focus of considerable efforts on the part of the telecommunications industry and the U.S. government's intelligence community, which continue to work on improving reliability. illustrations
Table of Contents
Purpose
Thesis
Audience
Introduction
Overview and Background
Introduction to Topic
Why Imaging and Optics are Important
What Imaging and Optics has done for Different Industries
Imaging and Optics Technology
Automatic Identification and Data Capture
Character Recognition
Magnetic Ink Character Recognition
Optical Mark Recognition
Current Technology
Bar Codes
RFID
Card Technologies
Non-Mainstream of Imaging and Optics
Introduction
Overview
Why these Technologies are not yet Mainstream
Emerging Biometric Technologies: Three Common Ways of Identifying an Individual
Voice Recognition
Recognition Types and Modes
Problems with Voice Recognition
Fingerprint
Pattern Extraction/Pattern Matching
Iris Code
Advantages/Disadvantages
Conclusion
From the Paper
"By the beginning of the 1980s, various optical character recognition (OCR) technologies became available that made it possible to convert text to electronic form without the need for manual keyboarding. The scanner's ability to translate typewriter characters into bit-mapped image into ASCII text depends on a number of factors, including the sensitivity of the device itself and the legibility and method of preparation of the original document; however, improvements are being made all of the time and even formerly graphic-based scanning systems such as Adobe's notoriously slow PDF applications have incorporated character recognition systems that allow for textual scanning. Some of these character recognition systems incorporate features that provide output options to convert the text into a format used by common word-processing programs such as RTF, Word and so forth. According to Dry and Lawler, the term "scanning" is frequently used today to describe the process of creating digitized images; in this approach, a graphic picture of the page, rather than an actual transcription of the text itself, is stored in the computer."
| |
|
Fiber Optics, 2006.
This paper examines the science of fiber optics while also discussing its impact in the field of telecommunications.
1,226 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper traces the roots of fiber optic technology back to the 19th century when a British physicist first discovered the phenomenon of total internal reflection of light. The writer of this paper clearly details the makeup of fiber optics, which are thin strands of purified glass that transfer information in the form of light. This paper examines the various uses for fiber optics, as well as the advancements made to this particular technology which are constantly evolving. This paper also analyzes the manner in which fiber optic technology has revolutionized the field of telecommunications.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
History of Fiber Optics
Design
Fiber Optics (Advantages and Disadvantages)
Advancement of Fiber Optic Technology
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Optical fibers are nothing but thin strands of highly purified glass that transmit data in the form of light. These individual glass strands have a diameter of around 120 micrometers and are bundled together as optical cables that can transmit data upto 50 Km without the need for repeaters. Each optic fiber can be divided into three distinct layers namely the innermost layer or the core, the cladding layer that immediately covers the core and the outermost buffer coating made of plastic that is designed to protect the fiber from weather and other external damages. While the core is the glass medium on which light travels the cladding layer is used to reflect the escaping light back into the core and thus minimize the optical signal loss. The lower refractive index of the cladding material facilitates reflection of light back into the core region. Thus by using total internal reflection, optical fibers can carry data in the form of light pulses over large distances with little loss."
| |
|
Fiber Optics Touch Our Daily Lives., 2000.
This paper reviews some of the uses of fiber optics in communications.
5,270 words (approx. 21.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 130.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
The following essay consists of a brief overview of the history of fiber optics. It also discusses the current uses of fiber optics in communications in voice, image, and data transmission. The writer also looks into the future uses of fiber optics as a key role in communications.
From the Paper
"There is nothing in the world that gives us more power or confidence than having information. There are few things that we cannot do if we have the proper information to do it with. In addition, the ability to communicate that information is essential to the successful advancement of society. Information is the key to all foundational understanding and the ability to transmit information in a variety of ways allows us to expand our horizons, individually, societally and physically. Mankind has been working on ways to pass information since the beginning of time."
| |
|
Fiber Optics, 2004.
An overview of the history and development of fiber optics.
1,242 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper looks at fiber optics, a technology that has been developing and improving the way the world communicates for more than two centuries. It examines its origins in the year 1790, when a French engineer named Claude Chappe invented a system for sending messages, and how Chappe's optical communication system incorporated the use of tall towers with a series of semaphores mounted on top of each tower. It also looks at its development over the years from its use by Alexander Graham Bell in his "photophone" to the first optical telephone communication system created in 1977.
From the Paper
"William Wheeler's contribution to fiber optics came during the same year as Alexander Graham Bell's. His contribution was, ironically looked over during his time, just as Bell's was. William Wheeler found a way to run pipes, which contained light through buildings and such that aided in the illumination of dark areas. He accomplished this by coating the tubes with a highly reflective substance that carried the light through the whole tube. His patented mechanism was over looked because around the same time Thomas Edison had invented the "electric lamp" a.k.a. the light bulb. Just as Bell's photophone, Wheeler's mechanism wasn't as practical as others."
| |
|
Fiber Optics, 2002.
This paper analyzes fiber optics technology and what it can do for networks.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 35.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper focuses on the hardware behind fiber optics technology, particularly the cabling. The author discusses how fiber works and what it can do and why it's a technological leap over previous networking technologies, which rely on copper wiring. The author points out some of the advantages and applications of fiber optic technology.
| |
|
Fiber Optics, 2002.
A description of fiber optics and the concept of the last mile.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 71.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper describes the innovation of fiber optics and the concept of the last mile.
| |
|
Optical Ethernet Implementation Revenue, 2004.
Executive summary of network technology known as optical ethernet, which represents the combination of two existing technologies.
5,017 words (approx. 20.1 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 126.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper explains optical ethernet technology, its technological development, its benefits, and its crucial features. The paper also explains how optical ethernet technology can help service provider companies increase their revenues, thus offering service providers a key business opportunity. The paper explains how the layer 2 connectionless technology, the end-to-end Ethernet nature, and speed of data transfer of optical ethernet technology improve network management efficiency. It also compares the cost of optical ethernet technology to that of ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode) or SONET (Synchronous Optical Network), thereby demonstrating the cost effectiveness of the optical ethernet technology.
From the Paper
"Optical Ethernet is a revolutionary effort in network technology which represents the combination and extension of two existing technologies-Ethernet and Optics. This technology synthesizes the ubiquity, flexibility and simplicity of Ethernet with the reliability and speed of optics in order to create a new networking paradigm that bring a total change in the planning, management and operation of the networks of service providers and corporations. Ethernet since its inception in 1970s have changed to a great extent in the present days. Originally the Ethernet was evolved to provide users with a shared 10 Mbps bandwidth connection using coaxial cables. In its transition Ethernet using unshielded twisted pair offered dedicated 10 Mbps connections using switches."
| |
|
Optical Circuits and Chips, 1995.
Examines developments in optical computer technology. Discusses processing, storage, integration, bit-serial architecture and more.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 9 sources, $ 47.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
"OPTICAL CHIPS AND CIRCUITS
Technological and theoretical innovations ranging from ranging from DNA computing to optical circuitry hold the potential to revolutionize computing [1:1363]. This paper provides an overview of developments in optical circuitry as these developments apply to computer technology.
In search of new computational power, some researchers are attempting to use light as an information carrier [5:245]. Pulses of light are "the fastest messengers in nature," and the light pulses "pass through one another without effect. That should allow any number of activities to take place simultaneously in an optical circuit" [1:1363].
To construct the elements of an optical circuit, some optics researchers are developing light guides that carry photons around ..."
| |
|
Fiber Communication, 2004.
Discusses the history and development of the technology known as fiber optics.
4,145 words (approx. 16.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 111.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper provides an explanation of the technology used in fiber optics, looks at its limitations and how some of these limitations are being addressed and solved, describes how fiber optic technology is evolving, and details the benefits of fiber optic technology.
From the Paper
"The transmission system for fiber optics consists of a fiber optic transmitter and receiver, and both are connected through fiber optic cables. These systems provide a lot of advantages over the systems which use copper or coaxial cables. The first of these is their ability to carry a lot more information than copper cables or coaxial cables and deliver the data with much greater accuracy. They can transmit data at much higher speeds and this can be done at even longer distances than coaxial cables. This property makes it an ideal medium for use for serial digital data. The fiber itself does not get affected by interference from practically all sources, including lightning. The cable does not conduct electricity. This helps it even if the cable comes into direct touch with high voltage electrical equipment and power lines. The cables cannot create ground loops. The fiber itself is made of glass and is thus chemical proof and does not corrode. (Introduction to Fiber Optics)"
| |
|
Thinning Algorithms, 2003.
A paper which describes thinning, which is an important preprocessing step in Optical Character Recognition.
3,857 words (approx. 15.4 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 105.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper gives some algorithms for thinning a monochrome image and checks out the development in other algorithms. It explains that thinning is an important preprocessing step for many image analysis operations such as optical character recognition, fingerprint recognition and document processing. This paper studies the results of some of the various popularly implemented thinning algorithms like medial axis method [2], contour generation method [3], local thickness based thinning approach [4], hybrid Approach and sequential and parallel thinning [5], and to debate on the advantages and disadvantages of the different methods along with citing the places where each of them is optimally utilized.
From the Paper
"Communication is an integral component of human society that has been greatly enhanced by the evolution of the technological age. Verbal communication has been greatly revolutionized by the advent of television, telephone and radio, and written communication has been transformed by development of word processors and electronic data. It is hence becoming increasing important to have information available for examination and manipulation in the digital format, and Optical Character Recognition (OCR) methods have been created towards this end. Character Recognition or Optical Character Optical Character Recognition (OCR) is the process of converting scanned images of machine printed or handwritten text (numerals, letters, and symbols), into a computer process able format (such as ASCII). The recognition of optically processed symbols and numerals, that is their translation from human readable forms to machine codes, holds excessive practical applicability in data transmission and documentation as well as for specific applications like identification of postal(zip) codes."
| |
|
Electricity, 2000.
An examination of the history of discoveries and inventions related to electricity and its practical applications, from the 16th century to nuclear energy, fiber optics and superconductors.
2,700 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 15 sources, $ 95.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
From the Paper
"Electricity is such an integral part of daily living that it is difficult to imagine a time when it did not "exist" a time when there were no lights, no computers, no phones, and no appliances. A time when everyday tasks like laundry, cooking, and vacuuming were not made easy with mechanics run by electricity. However, such a time did exist. But with the observations and experiments of curious and intelligent scientific figures, electricity was discovered and harnessed.
Awareness of electricity dates back to the Greeks who discovered that amber, when rubbed, attracted lightweight particles such as straw (Dunsheath, p. 1). However, the value of this force was not determined until much later when scientists began to study it in more depth and invent equipment that could measure and capture it."
| |
|
Gyroscopes and Aviation, 2005.
An analysis of interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes and how they relate to commercial aviation.
4,325 words (approx. 17.3 pages), 19 sources, MLA, $ 114.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
An inertial navigation system is comprised of gyroscopes, accelerometers and some type of processor. A gyroscope is a sensor that is able to measure rotation rates with respect to an inertial plane. Mechanical spinning-mass gyroscopes, though, are difficult to handle and require a high level of maintenance. Similarly, ring laser gyroscopes produce lock-in phenomena and require ongoing mechanical fine-tuning if they are to retain sensitivity at small rotation rates. This paper provides an overview and discussion of inertial navigation systems, the principles of interferometric fiber optic gyroscopes and their application to commercial aviation. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
Outline
Abstract
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Background and Overview
Principles of Interferometric Fiber Optic Gyroscopes
Relationship of Interferometric Fiber Optic Gyroscope Principles to Commercial
Aviation
Current and Future Trends
Conclusion
References
Appendix A
From the Paper
"In 1908, Sir Hiram Maxim published a book discussing his experiments in aeronautics. He described a gyroscopic stability augmentation device connected to the fore and aft elevators of a large, highly unstable airplane built and tested while tethered during the 1890s [1]. This device is believed to be the first example of aircraft automation and was patented in England in 1891. Early on in their flight experiments, Orville and Wilbur Wright also recognized the severe instability of their aircraft and independently developed stability augmentation devices. In 1913, Lawrence Sperry developed a more advanced gyroscopic stability augmentation system, which was demonstrated in flight [1]. The Sperry name was associated with aircraft automation for the next 60 years. Sperry automatic pilots (known as "autopilots") became available during the 1920s. In 1918, H. J. Taplin patented a nongyroscopic two-axis stabilization device that relied on differential aerodynamic pressures. This device was successfully flown in the United States in 1926 [1]. To date, with this sole exception (as far as is known), all successful autopilots during this period are believed to have utilized the gyroscopic principle. In 1933, a viable three-axis autopilot that was actuated solely by hydraulic and pneumatic power was an essential part of the equipment installed in Wiley Post's Lockheed Vega, Winnie Mae, for his solo around-the-world flight [1]."
| |
|
The Future of Telecommunications, 2004.
Considers the history and evolution of telecommunications, with a focus on copper versus fiber optic cabling systems.
2,895 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 85.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper considers the history of telecommunication and the types of evolving technology and makes a comparison of these and the need and importance of the next phase of transmission, Fiber Optic Cable Networking (FOCN). The paper also includes a brief discussion of the Telecommunication Act of 1996, which is meant to facilitate the decision process of consumers between copper or fiber optics cable and, ultimately, whether a trenchless or open-cut technique is best for installation purposes.
From the Paper
"In today's reality, the technology is constrained by network dependencies. It is especially true in cases like communications, computing, and power supply. Innovations such as telephone analog switching systems that convert signals to photonics and optical/photonic systems using light transmission have already changes the way the future is approached. Molitor, 2003, explains, "Light changes polarity one-quadrillion times per second. Scientists already have succeeded in switching light 100 trillion times per second (terabits). Emerging evidence that the speed of light may be exceeded by a factor of 10-1,000-fold suggests future threshold potentials" "
| |
|
FramesDirect.com, 2007.
An overview of the optical supply company FramesDirect.com.
1,802 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 57.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
This paper discusses the competitive profile of FramesDirect.com. FramesDirect.com is a competitor in the optical product and service industry offering a full line of eyeglass frames, sunglass frames, Rx contact lens fulfilment, and other services. It looks at how the company is competitive and operates solely on a web-based business model.
Outline:
Abstract
Company Overview
Partnerships
E-Commerce Security
Marketing Effort
New Technologies
Business Model Recommendations
Conclusions
Recommendations
From the Paper
"FramesDirect.com is an optical supply company operating exclusively over the internet. Framesdirect.com utilizes the World Wide Web (WWW) as its marketing, sales, and supply channels. Framesdirect.com sells prescription and non-prescription eyewear in the form of glasses, contacts, designer frames and associated products (About, 2006). The company was founded by Dr. Hodgson and Dr. Cooper in 1996 and the founders were instrumental in instituting the company's high levels of customer service and its attention to quality via a 6-step inspection program that every pair of frames undergoes before leaving its facilities (About, 2006). "
| |
|
Seurat and the Science of Colour, 2002.
Shows the role that optical science and color played in the art of Neo-Impressionist artist, Geroge Seurat.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 26.95
»
Click here to show/hide summary
Abstract
Georges Seurat, the French Neo-Impressionist painter, was very interested in optical science and color. While not an actual scientist in any way, Seurat nonetheless was interested in experimenting with color in his paintings. As will be seen, his artistic method of pointillism embodied his theories and were revolutionary in his time.
|
|
|
