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Ideology and Value Change in Contemporary China, 2008.
A paper describing the ideology and development in the People's Republic of China
3,033 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper refers to the rather negative predictions of Maurice Meisner (1999) and Minxin Pei (2006) concerning early 21st century development in the People's Republic of China (PRC) to reflect the actual results of a high-growth capitalism pursued by a still repressive state socialist regime. The author concludes with the statement that both Meisner and Pei seem justified in their discouraging assessments of the future.
Outline:
Introduction
Maurice Meisner on Social Values
Minxin Pei on Corruption
Consumerism and Decadence
Chinese Ideology, Social Values and Poverty
Wanderers and Vagabonds
Concluding Discussion
From the Paper
"When discussing capitalism, socialism and democracy, Meisner points out that the great majority of Chinese have benefited from post-Reform capitalism in better incomes, housing and spending power but this has been done at a price of terrific environmental destruction, bureaucratic corruption and indeed, peasant riots that occurred in different parts of the PRC through the 1990s. (Mao's China 532-533) There has been a rise in everyday crime including organized crime that has increased in both urban and rural areas. In 1997, the PRC executed 3000 convicts, more than the rest of the world's executions combined. (Mao's China 533) In the 1950s, the regime had worked to eradicate drug addiction and trafficking, prostitution, gambling and the activities of organized crime. Daniel Lynch commented on what he calls 'thought work' on the part of the CCP in 1980s campaigns against 'spiritual pollution' and a 1987 campaign against 'bourgeois liberalization', later crackdowns on book marketing, anti-pornography drives, and all towards a summary given by Lynch that in the 1990s this sort of effort had largely failed. (1999) Like Meisner and Pei Lynch rather expected a rise in the resentment of the dispossessed that might begin using Internet media to organize protest activities. (1999)"
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Literature Review Regarding Contemporary China, 2008.
A review of the literature regarding reform and thought in contemporary China.
2,964 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes three articles that relate to issues in contemporary China. It specifically examines "Rebuilding the Party's Normative Authority: China's Socialist Spiritual Civilization Campaign. Problems of Post-Communism" by Feng Chen, "Dilemmas of Thought Work in Fin de Siecle China" by D. C. Lynch and "Economic Reform and Ideological Decay: the Decline of Ideology, in Riding the Tiger - the Politics of Economic Reform in Post-Mao China" by Gordon White.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Reform and Ideology
Lynch on 'Thought Work'
Gordon White and Riding the Tiger
Feng Chen
Conclusion
From the Paper
"When studied after Lynch's paper and White's early 1990s summary, Feng Chen's work seem on target. He shows the Party's intellectuals and ideologists inventing work for themselves according to 'human interest' topics such as crime, removing unwholesome influences, bringing on patriotic education for the young - and these do point to some sort of socialist function. Ironically, the CCP is to run the Chinese state whose shifts to capitalism bring social problems and work towards correcting the social problems created. Feng Chen's discussion is effective in the irony of the CCP being unable to make a "normative order" according to socialism when nearly all else it pursues is so geared to capitalism. (41) An alert reader too will see that none of this matters because the Chinese show in different ways that, first and foremost, they want the benefits of capitalism. It seems like the CCP can have its moralizing intellectual and ideological "role" if it wants, because the Chinese want to be employed and have buying power. Also, they see the clear failings of capitalism as pursued by an archaic Party in millions of visibly poor people and the migrant worker population that is mentioned by others as a strong defect of the present system. If a reader follows the Chinese press, he or she can begin to think like an everyday Chinese who does not expect accuracy from the state media, does expect to be given some message of what it means to be a Chinese citizen, how China will be "great" of course, and as Feng Chen added, some instruction to do as the Party suggests. (33)"
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Gender Discrimination in Contemporary China, 2006.
A look at the history of Chinese women and their role in Chinese society.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the women of China and the progress they've achieved over the last hundred years. The paper reviews how at the beginning of the 20th century, women throughout China, regardless of class or level of prestige, were subject to a number of traditional practices that gave them little or no freedom. Some of these traditional practices, such as foot binding, often resulted in terrible mutilations. Despite this, Chinese history does contain some notable female figures of prestige, and modern women have many of the same rights as their male counterparts.
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New Ideology for China, 2005.
This paper discusses what ideology would be best for China's population.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at China today and examines what kind of ideology will best suit Chinese leaders and citizens in a system of transition on the road to some form of globally integrated and pluralistic system. The essay argues that Confucianism and democracy are the best option. The paper explains that the first is traditional in the Chinese society and the second could help solve many of the country's problems.
From the Paper
"Since the early 1980s China saw a unique transformation from an isolated rural country to urbanized, stable and quite open country. This turn in the Chinese economy and politics started soon after Mao's death and Deng Xiaoping's return to power. Deng, assisted by the survivors of the Long March, started the big reformation of the Chinese system. This reform era began with a shift in the political climate. Deng and other reformists wanted to move the policy of the Chinese Communist Party from ideological to pragmatic. The country was devastated by Mao's Cultural Revolution and the Great Leap Forward as well as by Mao's totalitarian regime."
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China's Ideology, 2005.
The paper discusses the ideology and social movements in China, focusing on nationalism.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that it is doubtful, given China's history of the past centuries as well as its more recent history under communism since 1949, that nationalism can form the basis of a new, legitimizing ideology. The paper describes Nationalism as a European concept that evolved over centuries with the appearance of the nation-state in Europe. The paper clarifies that nationalism is not simply patriotism, or a sense of shared cultural or linguistic identities. Rather, it is a complex array of responses to the nation-state and to a community of collective memory that a people take pride in and which they feel distinguishes them from others.
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A Needed Ideology for China in the Early 21st Century, 2006.
An examination of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and how the ongoing rule of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) is legitimated.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that the current system of leadership in China will prevail, with minor adjustments, as long as it provides order, a sense of progress and leadership. China is discussed as an unique civilization that carries over influences of the past, not the least of which are Confucian models of authority, morality and the strong society as one that unites and directs.
From the Paper
"China is discussed as a civilization, not a mere country or empire, whose political heritage differs from that of the West. The group is valued ahead of the individual as can give an impression of low political development to the foreign observer. Through time, China has had various forms of Platonic rule with those too harsh or incapable falling to rebellion or other violence, the people willing to tolerate a good deal till a point of excess that brings collapse."
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Ideology and Identity: An Example of Ideology-In-Action, 2002.
This paper explicates the intricate relationship that ideology has with identity, presenting an example.
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 97.95
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Abstract
Ideology is both a belief and a practice. How we identify ourselves in society is intimately related to dominant ideologies. This paper will define "ideology" and it's necessary associate term, "hegemony." An outline of an example for making an argument about the relations between the ideology (the State) and identity in society will be addressed. A brief discussion of the impacts such State-based ideological practices have on social identities will be looked at.
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Maoist-Leninism and Capitalism in China, 2008.
An analysis of the fundamental threat that is posed to the continuing stable development of China from the convergence of Maoist-Leninism and capitalism in contemporary China.
1,853 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the convergence of Maoist-Leninism and capitalism in contemporary China. It focuses on "ideology" as an element of change in China today in order to highlight the nature of the challenge facing a country. The paper looks at China's surging economy and geriatric political structure that is supported by a decayed ideology and suggests that there is a fundamental threat that is posed to the continuing stable development of China from these contradictory ideologies.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Problem Facing China
What is "Ideology"?
The Connection Between Capitalism and Democracy
An Unstable Marriage: Capitalism and Communism
An Uncertain Future
From the Paper
"From this perspective, we can understand the fundamental threat that is posed to the continuing stable development of China from these contradictory ideologies. Capitalism seems to necessarily stimulate independent political thinking, which is highly repellant to the Communist Party which sought independent thinking only in terms of market management and technological innovation. The Communist Party thus bases its continuing monopoly on political power upon an ideology that no one in China truly believe in anymore. This co-existence of contradictory ideologies may continue for years to come, but obviously cannot be sustained in the long term. It is this fact that gives rise to the pessimism of many observers regarding the future of China."
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Chinese Ideology, 2005.
This paper discusses the ideology of China in transition.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
The paper presents the question of what ideology will best suit China's leaders and citizens in a system in transition that will facilitate China's development in a stable manner. The paper explains that this is a complex question given that the ideology that may best suit China's leaders is not necessarily the same as the one that will best suit its people. This essay thus attempts to answer the question by describing what would be the best ideology for China for the immediate future and the probable ideology given China's current history.
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Contemporary Music, 2002.
A paper which evaluates contemporary music and what constitutes good and bad contemporary music.
1,049 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
The paper argues against the cliche that contemporary music is without lasting significance. It shows that contemporary music is made up of a multitude of facets, including jazz, country-western and rock and roll. The paper discusses what constitutes good contemporary music, from its style to the source from which it springs. The paper also explores how one judges the cultural strength of a particular style of contemporary music. Finally, the paper looks at the inventive side of contemporary music, such as the use of instruments and lyrics.
From the Paper
"A good example of contemporary music that served our culture well were the anthems and songs sung on 9/11/2001. A few songs were chosen again and again at ceremonies, gatherings, commemorations and fundraisers, and these songs had an even greater impact than the American flags that were waved in so many towns, in so many homes across the country. Although we have a national anthem, and a beautiful one, simpler songs often won the day. "God Bless America" could not be more homespun in its words and simple melody. Like a poem of the people, it inspires and reverberates through the cultural fabric. Another song that was almost always performed was "America the Beautiful." The melody is simple and memorable, the words evoke the majesty and myth that is America-her spacious skies, her amber waves of grain-and the song inspires emotions that very few Americans can resist."
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The Contemporary Fine Art Markets, 2007.
This paper is an anthropological analysis of the contemporary fine art market based on Stuart Plattner's study, titled 'A Most Ingenious Paradox - the Market for Contemporary Fine Art' from "American Anthropologist".
2,270 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Plattner's article, 'A Most Ingenious Paradox - the Market for Contemporary Fine Art', reports trends in the North American contemporary fine arts markets and in the commodification of fine art that reflect a neo-liberal environment of considerable new wealth and the culture of consumerism. The author points out that Plattner's orientation is one of participant-observation; a person exposed directly to the phenomenon of local fine art businesses and those who produce for them. The paper concludes that the local fine art markets are well established and profitable and that its artifacts may indicate a great deal regarding consumer tastes and behavior.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
An Informal Ethnography
The Decline of Authority
Economic Anthropology and Fieldwork in Toronto
Concluding Remarks
From the Paper
"Few consumers can know much of why one piece of fine art in a local venue costs more than another, as producers know that few seem to purchase with an eye to buying something to appreciate in value, as opposed to buying due to personal preference. In local and regional markets, the artists that Plattner refers to as identity producers can have an involved philosophy towards what they produce of which consumers need not know, featuring ideas of contributing to a total cultural heritage rather than pursuing artistic fame or monetary success."
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Burdett A. Loomis' "The Contemporary Congress", 2006.
This paper discusses Burdett A. Loomis' "The Contemporary Congress", which examines the dynamics of the contemporary Congress and how these have changed from the ideal embodied in the Constitution and from the practices of earlier eras.
1,785 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Burdett A. Loomis' "The Contemporary Congress" begins his examination in the Thirteenth Congressional district in Pennsylvania, from 1992 to 1997, when the Republicans changed the make-up of Congress and gained control of the House of Representatives for the first time in years. The author points out that, although he also finds that a reasonably homogeneous party can overcome these tendencies, Loomis refers to the centrifugal Congress because there are a number of forces decentralizing it. The paper stresses that the forms of political institutions should serve the needs of the people they serve and should uphold and promote the values that these people want to elevate to special status.
From the Paper
"Loomis discusses the changing nature of congressional politics, with the growth of lobbying as a way for special interests to reach legislators and to wield influence. Various social and economic pressures also operated to change the way policy is made and the budget is created and passed. The idea of balancing the budget is often raised, but this is rarely achieved. Even when it is, other forces may prevent a balanced budget from achieving what leaders think it will achieve."
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Social Change in Canada, 2005.
An overview of the changing role of family structures and gender roles in Canada.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 0 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
Family structures and gender roles are ultimately related to the level of complexity and change in the general society. This paper critically discusses this statement with reference to ideology, economic and political change and social change in non-Western and Western societies. It looks at how family structure is considered by social scientists to be closely integrated with the level of complexity and change in society.
From the Paper
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Regional Development in China, 2005.
A review of regional development and inequity in contemporary China.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 5 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This essay briefly reviews the development and existence of an emerging culture of systemic disparity between China's regions and people. The essay discusses that despite successes in the spillover of economic growth into other regions; the collective emphasis on staged regional economic development united with China's ambition of becoming a global economic power has resulted in the rise of a culture of superiority in the coastal region.
From the Paper
"Regional Development and Inequity in Contemporary China STATEMENT OF ARGUMENT: Despite successes in the spillover of economic growth into other regions; the collective emphasis on staged regional economic development united with China's ambition of becoming a global economic power has resulted in the rise of a culture of superiority in the coastal region. ESSAY: Barry Naughton argues that despite the popular opinion that suggests that region disparities in China are increasing, the empirical facts indicate that overall, change in rank of GDP is too diverse to determine this one way or another. In contrast to this opinion, other scholars state that regional disparities are real and in fact planned."
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The Youth of Modern China, 2002.
An overview of the culture of Chinese youth in contemporary China.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This essay provides an historical discussion of the influences of Mao's reforms and how these reforms played a significant role in creating a culture of youth in Modern China.
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