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Identification Theft, 2005.
This paper explores the issue of identity theft in Canada, including its history and implications.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 4 sources, $ 133.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the profusion of identity fraud in Canadian society and reviews some of the measures being contemplated to bring about an end to it. The paper explores the history of the activity, the implications for contemporary life and the very real costs of identity fraud. The paper concludes with a brief critique of the present preventive methods and suggests that more can be done.
From the Paper
"Identification theft has become a topic of serious discussion in recent years. As more and more of our personal information has been uploaded to computer databases (especially since the beginning of the 1990s), more of that information is now available to "cyber-hackers" and other white-collar criminals. This paper will explore the issue of identity theft by exploring what identity theft is, its various ramifications, how it can be avoided, how to report it within Canada and what the statistics are with regards to this very serious problem."
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The Radio Frequency Identification Device (RFID).
This paper discusses Radio Frequency Identification Devices (RFID), an automated identification and data collection technology consisting of tags containing chips for storing data and an antenna for transmitting data through radio waves.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that RFID chips can be attached, often without notice, to all sorts of products, such as clothing and books, and can be use to monitor and control the supply chain in ways similar to the bar code, which the RFID is being developed to replace. The author points out that some examples of the consumer use of the RFID are in a library where the reader need only to walk in front of a shelf and can immediately see on a screen a list of all the books and their contents. For another example, parents in amusement parks can locate their children by putting a RFID on their children and then locating them on a special "kidspotter" map of the park. The paper stresses that, despite the clear advantages of RFID, there is a concern among privacy activists because RFID tags, so small that they can go undetected, can be embedded in any product or article of clothing and even under the skin of a person and then can be used to record information about their activities, tracking anyone with a tag on them.
Table of Contents
History
Beneficial Social Impact
Deleterious Social Impact or Potentially Dangerous Social Impact
Personal Privacy
Information Security
Analysis of Social Impact
Future Impact of the Technology
From the Paper
"While in the 1980's RFID was primarily used for commercial applications, the 1990s saw RFID enter the consumer market. Toll systems throughout the US and Europe became widespread and started gaining major use. Toll systems were adopted by Kansas, Oklahoma, Georgia, Maine, and New York, Massachusetts, and quite a few other states. Standardization became a big issue with all these systems, leading to the Title 21 standard and the EZ-Pass Interagency Group, both of which were formed in an effort to provide consistent toll standards in different regions of the US. Payment and access systems were developed, such as the speedpass payment system used by Mobile gas stations, various skipass systems and gated community access setups. Automobile related RFID systems also were implemented in larger scale including remote entry and ignitions systems."
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Eyewitness Identification, 2005.
This paper discusses the problems of eyewitness identification.
1,123 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in general, eyewitnesses are less accurate because the eyewitness can make mistakes from the time a crime occurs, through the investigation, during lineup identification, and even on the witness stand. The author points out examples in which eyewitness identification was racially biased. The paper concludes that, although racial bias can interfere with eyewitness identification, there are circumstances in which it does not; therefore, it is important that eyewitness testimony not be stricken from the courtroom, but the procedures by which it is permissible ought to be made more stringent.
From the Paper
"Mistaken identification can help to put innocent people in prison. In a 2000 study of seventy-four wrongful conviction cases, 81 percent were due (at least in part) to mistaken identification. Mistaken identification can be caused by the factors discussed in the preceding paragraph, but it can also be caused by cross-racial identification. This problem is called "racial skew". Racial skew was the cause of the wrongful conviction of Johnny Frederick and David Keaton in Florida in 1971."
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Radio Frequency Identification, 2007.
This paper discusses radio frequency identification (RFID) and its implications for supply chain managers.
1,833 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
The paper explains the fundamentals of the radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. The paper explores the two types of RFID tags; active and passive. The paper discusses RFID's applications in the supply chain and relates that with the software industry losing approximately forty per cent of its global revenues every year due to counterfeiting and the widespread abuses of music distribution, the use of secure RFID tags seems inevitable.
Outline:
Fundamentals of Radio Frequency Identification
Exploring the type of RFID Tags
RFID's Applications in the Supply Chain
From the Paper
"RFID stands for Radio Frequency Identification Code, and is part of the larger Auto-ID technology family, and is a technology that uses radio-frequency waves to transfer data between a reader and a movable item to identify, categorize, track and monitor products. RFID tags are comprised of microchips with antennas that broadcast their status to remote readers. As this technology relies of radio frequencies to communicate, no line of sight is required the movement of products throughout a warehouse is much more efficient."
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Implications of Patient Identification Errors, 2006.
A discussion regarding the necessity of accurate patient history, identification and information.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issue of patient identification in hospital which seems as inoculate as the solution. Patient identification is based on the assumption that whatever information the patient or family accompanying the patient is correct and true. On the other hand, another assumption held is that hospital record-keeping is accurate and infallible. The paper further discusses how falsified information provided by patient or family to conceal his/her identity may just be as widespread as clerical errors. With the computerization of medical records, errors may be minimized and with the relative ease of cross-validating identity utilizing electronic databases (should the need arise, but otherwise a breach of patient confidentiality), falsified data can be detected. However, the factor of human clerical error is still a significant possibility. This becomes a serious matter when medical and surgical interventions come into play.
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Automated Bio-Terrorism Identification Equipment, 2002.
A discussion of the development of automated bio-terrorism identification equipment to detect and provide warning of the presence of biological agents in the case of biological wafare.
1,067 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper examines how the Department of Defense has started work on a biological agent detection and identification program as part of efforts to develop a national early warning system for urban areas pertaining to biological warfare. It also describes the Biological Defense Homeland Security Support Program to achieve early detection and characterization of a biological-related incident in an urban area in order to reduce casualties, minimize disruption to infrastructures and support consequence management efforts. It looks at how the Postal Service has also set into motion work toward the development of bio-terrorism identification equipment due to anthrax scares and the work of biotechnology companies in the development of pulmonary drug delivery in order to combat air-borne bio-terrorist threats .
From the Paper
"Another developer of bio-terrorism identification equipment is NanoVia, LP, an innovative leader in the development of next generation high-speed microvia drilling technology. The company recently announced that it intends to further develop its patented drilling process for pulmonary drug delivery in order to combat air-borne bio-terrorist threats (prweb.com). While currently applicable for conditions such as diabetes, multiple sclerosis, fast-moving allergic reactions, seizures and cardiovascular conditions, NanoVia, LP believes that inhaled physical threats, such as Anthrax, can also be combated with this technology (prweb.com)."
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Criminal Identification in the 21st Century, 2005.
This paper discusses the identification of criminals, using DNA fingerprinting and A.F.I.S latent prints.
1,720 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
Criminal identification procedures in the 21st century is an ever-changing and remarkable endeavor that has become something that law enforcement has been leaning towards for some time now. This essay entails how DNA testing and advance fingerprinting has taken law enforcement into the next century.
From the Paper
"The criminal identification process is a long, but unique way that our justice system strives to make sure that individuals are not mistaken for crimes committed in an act of an offense. For example; DNA based identification is a topic that either excites people, or strikes fear into them. In the past, DNA identification systems were looked upon with much skepticism and took much criticism due to the inaccuracy in its predictions."
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Fingerprints as Identification, 2004.
This paper discusses the use of fingerprinting for identification and the associated problems.
955 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although most people believe that fingerprints constitute one of the best pieces of evidence, the Supreme Court, in the case of Daubert vs. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals (1993), recently ruled that there is considerable room for questioning fingerprints as satisfactory evidence in criminal proceedings. The author relates that governmental people see fingerprints as markedly helpful for identification purposes; therefore, they now will use fingerprinting of individuals visiting the United States from other countries in an attempt to curb terrorists. The paper concludes that fingerprints might come to be regarded more as an investigative tool than the ironclad evidence they were once considered to be, pushed aside by more precise approaches, such as DNA analysis.
From the Paper
"Fingerprints are analyzed by looking at the patterns of the ridges, including places where they stop, or split (called ?Galton points?), as well as other details, including the location of pores in the skin. Although several systems have been devised to attempt to identify fingerprints in a systematic way, in the end the accuracy of identification depends on the skills of the fingerprint expert trying to make the match. While the computer system eliminates some human error it has not yet been accepted as suitable for court evidence."
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Voter Group Identification, 1997.
Theoretical & empirical exploration of three ways that identification with group (religious, economic, political) increases an individual's likelihood of voting.
3,150 words (approx. 12.6 pages), 12 sources, $ 111.95
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From the Paper
" THE ROLE OF GROUP IDENTIFICATION ON A VOTER'S DECISION TO
CAST A BALLOT
Introduction
This paper develops and defends the notion that group identification increases the likelihood that an individual will decide to vote (as opposed to deciding not to vote) in any given election. The notion is developed and defended on both theoretical and empirical grounds.
The paper itself can be divided into three sections. The first section offers a brief delineation of the Rational Choice and Collective Action models of political/voting behavior, justifying their use in the development of the group identification/decision-to-vote relationship on the grounds that they have been frequently used as explanative frameworks for.."
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Criminal Identification Procedures, 2005.
A look at how technological advances in criminal identification procedures have improved the ability of law enforcement agencies to identify offenders and capture suspects.
1,705 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the many technological advances that have become available in the last few decades and explains how they can help law enforcement agencies improve their overall ability to locate and capture suspects. The paper looks at such technologies as iris-recognition technology, electronic surveillance technology, citizen smart cards technology and facial recognition technology.
From the Paper
"The world today is filled with cameras that can film an individual wherever he goes, his cell phone signal can pinpoint his location, and even one glance can reveal his true identity (Shenk 2003). Iris-recognition technology, soon to be common in places such as airports, offices, and banks, will simply scan an individual's eyes to reveal his idenity (Shenk 2003). Many feel that in this post-9/11 landscape, there is a serious need for these high-tech tools to help detect money laundering, encrypted e-mails, bio-weapons, and suitcase nukes (Shenk 2003)."
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Mistaken Identification and the Role of DNA, 2005.
A look at how DNA results can exonerate wrongfully convicted people.
1,024 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how over the past decade, DNA technology has revolutionized the criminal justice system. In countless cases DNA results have served to identify suspects, convict the guilty, and bring solace to many victims. In particular, it looks at how in several cases DNA examinations have exonerated the innocent, at times, after years of unjust imprisonment and how post-conviction DNA testing reveals that mistaken eyewitness identification was the primary evidence used to convict people who were later proven innocent.
Outline
Mistaken Identification
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Examples of the Role of DNA
From the Paper
"It has long been conjectured that eyewitness identification evidence is a major cause of the conviction of innocent persons. According to Criminal Procedure Today, the purpose of identification is to obtain evidence to assist in determining whether the defendant is guilty of the charge or charges against him or her. There are three major forms of identification: lineups, show-ups, and photographs. Of the three, photographs are the most frequently used. However, eyewitness identification is the most popular source of evidence in our criminal justice proceedings and also the most persuasive evidence that a prosecutor may present to the jury. But as with any procedure, one hundred percent accuracy is not the norm. In fact, most researchers in criminal justice agree that mistaken identification has been the single most cause of conviction of the innocent (Roberson, 2003). "
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Problem Identification and Data Collection Methods and Tools, 2005.
Examines these methods and tools to see how problems can be solved.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at five effective Problem Identification Methods and three Data Collection Tools that can be used by consultants in an effective manner to identify, isolate, and solve problems faced by organizations. The Problem Identification Methods are: Root Cause Analysis, brainstorming, Fishbone diagrams, flow charts, and post-its. The Data Collection Tools are: self-administered surveys, personal interviews, and focus groups.
From the Paper
"When consulting for a firm who is looking to improve or control the quality of their performance or to find and solve hindering problems, the consultant has a vital and varied bag of tricks from which to choose. Some of the methods and tools with which the consultant's client's problems may be realized and remedied include Problem Identification Methods and Data Collection Tools. This paper will identify some valuable Problem Identification Methods and Data Collection Tools and compare and contrast their use and value. The first Problem Identification Method that we will discuss is that of Root Cause Analysis. This is the most detailed and intricate of the methods at which we will be looking. If problem identification is necessary, it is a given that there is a problem in the system."
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Social Work Identification, 2002.
A paper written in the form of a social worker's report which identifies and discusses the problems faced by a woman suffering from Down Syndrome.
2,575 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper investigates the case of a 35 year old woman with Down Syndrome, referred to a team of social workers by her parents. The paper shows the methods used in identifying Shari's problems, such as researching her history. The report then draws up a treatment/intervention plan to encourage her to communicate with her environment using a system called Projective Identification. Finally, the report introduces facilities such as vocational rehabilitation centers which work with clients in a residential setting and which would offer a good solution to someone in Shari's position.
From the Paper
"There are three types of projective identification that clients project into the therapist/analyst. First, the analyst?s mind is totally attacked?this can be likened to acid being thrown into the face, and blinding the eyes. The emotions of the client totally takes total control of the analyst?s mind and renders the analyst helpless. Second, the projection takes over just part of the analyst?s mind, enabling the analyst to at least continue with life duties. The last type of projective identification puts just parts of the client?s self into the analyst. This can be likened to containment of the emotions. (Clarke)"
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Criminal Identification Procedures, 2007.
This paper discusses the many new technologies used by law enforcement agents and prosecutors to identify and properly prosecute a criminal suspect.
1,585 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the advantages and disadvantages of many of new law enforcement technologies, including DNA analysis, biometric identification, wire tapping and intra-agency databases for reviewing DNA. The paper then assesses the impact each of these technologies has on the constitutional rights of those involved in the criminal investigations. The author points out that surveillance technology, including DNA analysis, database compilation and wire tapping, may prevent major criminal disasters or alert law enforcement agents to potential threats, including terrorist threats, at a stage where early intervention may protect human lives; however, multiple costs, such as increasing paranoia and impeding the public's ability to maintain their privacy and anonymity, are associated with the implementation of such technological advances. The paper stresses that law enforcement agents need to educate better the public about the potential advantages of certain technologies, including offering the public information about crime fighting statistics in relation to this technology.
Table of Contents
New Technologies and Criminal Justice
Recommendations
From the Paper
"Those in favor of new technologies claim that much of technology including DNA databases are used for identification purposes only and to enhance the efficiency and efficacy of crime fighters at work. Such information databases may prove very beneficial for example in supporting law enforcement agents interested in early interaction and intervention to help defend the population from serious threats including terrorism. Such practices however may go too far when they include surveying the population at large with little regard for privacy or respect."
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Criminal Identification Procedures in the 21st Century, 2006.
An analysis of wire tapping, online surveillance, and fingerprinting.
8,613 words (approx. 34.5 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 181.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the three main technologies that are being used to help law enforcers. The paper analyzes wire tapping, online surveillance, and fingerprinting. The paper discusses how these techniques are used and the advantages and disadvantages of each technique in criminal identification.
From the Paper
"As technology evolves constantly to make lives easier, it is also evolving where thieves can use it against innocent individuals. New equipments and software that are being used for theft can also help to catch thieves. Constant surveillance on online activities, fingerprinting to keep track of immigrants and criminals, and wiretapping on phone lines to catch gangs or terrorist groups has helped law enforcers make their jobs easier. With technology, law enforcers can be one step ahead of criminals and evidence would be easier to gather."
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