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Iron-Deficiency Anemia (IDA), 2004.
This paper discusses the prevention of Iron-Deficiency Anemia (IDA) in infants in the 6 to 24 month old age group.
4,400 words (approx. 17.6 pages), 19 sources, APA, $ 115.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) has declined in children since the 1970s, due largely to an increased consumption of iron by children during infancy, iron deficiency anemia still is one of the most commonly recognized forms of nutritional deficiency among children, particularly in the 6-month to 24-month age group, in affluent and developing countries. The author points out that the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in children less than two years of age is contingent on adequate dietary intake and supplementation, either in the form of drops or fortified formulas and food. The paper states that early detection and prevention is the most important preventive technique. Adequate screening mechanisms must be used, however, because supplementation does not always correct deficiencies after they arise. Tables.
Table of Contents
Literature Review
Introduction: Prevention of IDA in 6 to 24 Month Old Infants
Preliminary Background
Supplementation and More
Cooking with Iron
Adequate Screening as a Prevention Method
Early Detection
Summary of Traditional Prevention Mechanisms
Educational Strategies and Newer Trends
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Improved growth and weight gain are also attributed to infants receiving iron supplementation for a period of at minimum 3-6 months. All of these trials do promote the notion that adequate dietary intake from the outset, and oral supplementation of iron in at risk populations, including incidences where the potential for malnourishment is high, will effectively prevent complications associated with iron deficiency anemia in emergencies."
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Pathophysiology of Iron Deficiency Anemia, 2005.
An overview of Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA), its symptoms, causes and treatment.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA), its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment, dietary recommendations, and a nursing plan for patients with IDA. It also looks at how iron is absorbed by cells of the small intestine and how it is transported through the body to erythropoietic cells.
From the Paper
"There are several different classifications of anemia depending on the underlying pathophysiology. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common type of anemia encountered both in underdeveloped and in developed countries and is due to a decrease in the number of red cells because of a lack of sufficient iron. Iron is an essential component in the production of hemoglobin the oxygen-carrying pigment in erythrocytes and is normally obtained in the diet."
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Iron Deficiency Anemia, 2004.
An analysis of conventional and unconventional therapies to treat iron deficiency anemia.
962 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the disorder, iron deficiency anemia. It contends that a patient that shows symptoms of iron deficiency anemia often is tested through a variety of blood tests to determine the level of anemia, as well being subjected to a medical exam and history to determine mitigating factors. It examines conventional therapy of the disorder, daily administration of oral iron supplements, or in some case intravenous delivery of iron. The paper also explores avenues of unconventional therapy, that has proven to be more successful in the case of some parameters.
From the Paper
"Iron is one of the minerals the body needs to be healthy. Without iron, hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carry oxygen to the body, cannot function properly. Iron is also critical to proper muscle and organ function. "About three-fourths of the body's iron is bound to hemoglobin in red blood cells, while the rest is either bound to other proteins (transferrin in blood or ferritin in bone marrow) or stored in other body tissues" ("Iron (Fe)", 2003). New red blood cells are made using the iron stored in the bone marrow."
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Iron Deficiency in Iran, 2008.
This paper discusses social determinations of health and measures to reduce the prevalence of iron deficiency, concentrating on Iran.
1,338 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that iron deficiency is an issue for developing and industrialized countries. Iron deficiency involves both modifiable risk factors and the social determinants of health. The writer maintains that part of the problem is that measures of iron deficiency are inconsistent while another part of the problem relates to varying combinations of nutrients or just one nutrient being used in isolation. The writer discusses that Iran is a developing country where the prevalence has been heavily reduced, but it is possible that if the determinants of health were used as variables, the prevalence could be eliminated. The writer notes that the nutrition the mother and child receives during the period when the child is six to 12 months of age has implications for the entire life span but must be situated in terms of the overall conditions of socioeconomic position and the culture.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Rationale
Literature Review
Description of Methodology
References
From the Paper
"Iron deficiency is a problem in both developing and industrialized countries. The objective is to demonstrate that whether the issue of irony deficiency is located in the Third World or in affluent nations, it is based in modifiable risk factors. The hypothesis is that the problem with addressing iron deficiency is related to the determinants of health since, if nutritional supplementation is aimed only at the first priority, then entire aspects of the child's development will inevitably be neglected. The research question is: In a country such as Iran where prevalence has been reduced to a moderate level, can that prevalence of iron deficiency be further reduced by using the determinants of health as measures?"
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Iron Deficiency, 2005.
This paper reviews the 2003 report written by Karen Olness in the "Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics" called "Effects On Brain Development Leading To Cognitive Impairment: A Worldwide Epidemic".
1,140 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the article "Effects On Brain Development Leading To Cognitive Impairment: A Worldwide Epidemic" is both a technical overview of some possible causes of mental and other cognitive impairments in children in developing countries and a cry for help. The author points out that Dr. Olness states that iron deficiency suffered in infancy has been attributed to behavior problems in children such as anxiety, depression, social problem and other attention issues. The author of this paper believes that these cognitive brain issues are preventable by giving pregnant mothers and infants iron supplements; however, the resources needed to prevent famine situations are too limited at best in second-world nations and nonexistent in third-world nations.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Plot
My Thoughts & Do I Agree/Disagree
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Unfortunately, according to the author, cognitive limitations in children appear to be on the rise. Because the majority of these cases are in underdeveloped poor nations, medical help or professional expertise is limited or totally nonexistent. The fact that many of the associated causes of these cognitive concerns stem from malnutrition makes this even a bigger concern as famine continues to spread as the rich get richer and the poor die."
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Depression and Nutritional Deficiency, 2006.
This in-depth paper analyzes the correlation between depression, suicide and nutritional deficiency.
13,154 words (approx. 52.6 pages), 75 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This well-researched paper is a comparative analysis of the symptomatic cluster used by the DSM-IV in the establishment of an Axis I diagnosis of depression and the psychological symptoms associated with nutritional deficiencies. The writer of this in-depth paper examines numerous published studies and literature between 1995-2004 regarding deficiency symptoms of B1, B2, B3, B6, folate, magnesium and zinc and compares the findings with the psychological symptoms found in depression. While low self-esteem and suicidal tendencies were not listed in any of the texts, the writer contends that these were in fact substantiated when analyzing the studies detailed in this paper. This paper delves into the findings that prove magnesium and zinc deficiency may be involved in the psychopathology of suicide.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Nutritional Deficiencies and Depression
Nutrition, Culture and Depression
Nutrition and Rule-Out Diagnosis on DSM-IV Axis III
Review of Literature
Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine)
Vitamin B9 (Folic Acid)
Magnesium (Mg)
Zinc (Zn)
Summary
References
From the Paper
"Thiamin is a water-soluble vitamin with limited body storage capacities and must be replenished regularly through the diet. It acts as a coenzyme in the oxidative metabolism of glucose and partakes with niacin and riboflavin in glucose oxidation to yield useful metabolic energy in the form of adenoside-tri-phospate (ATP). The nervous tissue is dependent solely on glucose for energy and as such these tissues are very sensitive to fluctuation in thiamin levels. Thiamin's role as a cofactor in conversion of glucose to sugars may explain why a diet high in carbohydrate could deplete the thiamin reserve. Classic thiamin deficiency, beriberi, is rare, whereas Wernicke-Korskoff Syndrome, a condition often found in alcoholics, is commonly encountered as clinical manifestation of B1 deficiency."
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Judah during Iron Age I and Iron Age II, 2004.
An investigation into changes in subsistence practices in Judah during Iron Age I and Iron Age II.
2,189 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This region has assumed new importance in the 21st century, but Palestine and its surroundings regions have held political, military, and strategic significance for thousands of years. In order to better understand what influences were at play during these early periods, this paper provides an examination of subsistence patterns in Iron Age I and II Judah, followed by a summary of the research in the conclusion. Includes an excellent map of ancient Judah's southern border as a figure.
From the Paper
"While the invention of the wheel and the mastery of metal working are lost in the mists of time, many scientists credit the ancient Sumerians with both. In this region, the evolution of civilization and the benefits it produced allowed for such alternative pursuits, and the gains realized through improvements in trade and agriculture resulted in profound and lasting influences on how people have lived and worked together ever since."
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Zinc Deficiency, 1995.
A discussion of zinc deficiency, focusing on the consequences to the fetus during pregnancy.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 9 sources, $ 31.95
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From the Paper
"Zinc deficiency is defined as a condition resulting from insufficient amounts of zinc in the diet. It is characterized by abnormal fatigue, decreased alertness, a decrease in taste and odor sensitivity, poor appetite, retarded growth, delayed sexual maturity, prolonged healing of wounds, and increased susceptibility to infection and injury. Among the conditions that may precipitate the problem are alcoholic cirrhosis and other liver diseases, ulcers, myocardial infarction, Hodgkin's disease, Down syndrome, and cystic fibrosis (Mosby's Medical, Nursing, and Allied Health Dictionary, 1994).
Zinc deficiencies during pregnancy can have negative consequences for the developing child. Zinc plays an important role in many biochemical functions, among them ..."
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Color Deficiency, 2005.
A look at the causes, diagnosis and types of color blindness.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 6 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issue of color deficiency in the eye. It addresses the causes of color blindness, the types of color blindness and how the deficiency is detected by doctors. It further discusses tests for color deficiency as well as research that has been ongoing in the area of color deficiency. The paper then looks at the future of research that will address this issue.
From the Paper
"Until recent years those who have suffered from color deficiencies of the eye had to find creative methods of living with the disorder. Little research was developed to aid those with this complication to life, and very few in society truly had an understanding of what was involved in the physical malfunction of the eye. Yet, scientists and doctors are now examining many methods of understanding color deficiency, and are beginning to be able to provide long needed answers to those who have contended with the problem throughout their lives. Color deficiency, or color blindness, is a "malfunction of the retina" of the eye (Heath, n.d.). Light that is transmitted to the retina can be affected by two elements. These two elements are rods and cones. Rods are less complicated, and affect the brightness of an object."
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Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), 2005.
An overview of AIDS as it exists today in the modern world.
1,095 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper defines what AIDS is and how AIDS develops, dispelling the myths surrounding the disease. It shows the three main zones where AIDS proliferates and the main types of people it affects. It looks at AIDS from a sociological perspective, with the 'victims' of AIDS being located within societal pressures and confines, showing that society is a part of the problem and therefore needs to also be a part of the solution.
From the Paper
"The World Health Organization distinguishes three zones and patterns of infection; Asia, which is now the principal growth area of infection; the African continent (site of the initial discovery, and where transmission is primarily heterosexual in form); and industrialized Western nations (where an epidemic started in the 1980s, with infection primarily transmitted by homosexual intercourse and intravenous drug needle-sharing). In 1996 it was estimated that 30 million people were infected by HIV and 10 million people were living with AIDS. "
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The Iron Age in Africa, 2006.
This paper explores the possibility of dating the early iron production in Africa.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that the iron age of a nation reflects the first uses of iron by the country for any productive purpose. This may include iron forged for weaponry, cooking utensils or tools. The paper discusses how for decades, scientists and archaeologists have argued about the dates of early iron production in Africa. MacIntosh contends that iron became a part of the African culture as early as 1300 B.C., while others contend that the use of iron in Africa still cannot be dated because of the continued archaeological findings that are uncovered. The paper shows that what is evident, however, is that the iron age in Africa was concurrent with the use of stone and other materials, which is perhaps the reason that dating iron use is hard to determine.
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"I Stand Here Ironing", 2000.
Analysis of Tillie Olsen's "I Stand Here Ironing." Discusses imagery, metaphors and hidden meanings.
853 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
Paper analyzes Tillie Olsen's short story "I Stand Here Ironing." It focuses on the imagery of the story and on symbolism. The iron, the clothes, and the ironing board are symbolic for Emily at different stages of her life.
From the Paper
"Imagery is the author's language describing a situation that would appeal to one or more of the five senses of the reader. In the short story "I Stand Here Ironing," author Tillie Olsen uses literal language to call up a mental picture in the readers' mind. In the last line of the story Emily's mother says, "Only help [Emily] to know...that she is more than this dress on the ironing board, helpless before the iron" (659). The image, ironing a dress, compares to actually raising a child. The dress represents the child, the iron is the child's parents and society, and the ironing board is their expectations. The theme this image conveys is that children grow up to become individuals as a result of their interaction with their parents and society, their experiences, and their own insight, not by simply being "ironed" into society's preconceived model."
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Al Qa'ida and Osama Bin laden, 2006.
This paper examines the origins, leadership and structure of the Al Qa'ida terrorist network.
2,559 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a broad outline of the various known elements and aspects of the Al Qa'ida terrorist network, with a special focus on the role Osama Bin Laden. A brief biography of Bin Laden's life is presented, as well as a history of the organization. The role of fundamentalist Islamic ideologies in relation to Al Qa'ida is examined as well as Al Qa'ida's links to international militant Islamic organizations. Terror attacks attributed to Al Qa'ida are also highlighted.
Abstract
Origins
Osama Bin Laden
From the Paper
"A crucial part of the history of Al Qa'ida is that the fight against the Soviet Union was not conducted in conventional terms, but was seen as a holy war against the aggressor. This resulted in volunteers and supporters from throughout the Muslim world rallying to the call. Furthermore, the resistance experience fused together Islamic fighters from a wide range of backgrounds and views to create the central kernel of the new organization. "Muslims from Algeria, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Southeast Asia, and beyond fought side by side, forging relationships and creating a cadre of veterans who shared a powerful life experience, a more global view,..." (Jenkins 2002. p. 3)"
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Sickle Cell Anemia, 2006.
An in-depth look at sickle cell anemia.
2,929 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses sickle cell anemia. According to the paper, sickle cell anemia is an inherited blood disorder characterized primarily by chronic anemia and periodic episodes of pain. Sickle cell anemia is in essence a condition in which there is insufficient healthy blood cells to convey oxygen to the body.
Outline:
Definition and Description
Inheritance and Genetics
Incidence
Symptoms
Brief Historical Overview
Prognosis and Treatment
From the Paper
"In order for sickle cell anemia to manifest itself the presence of two defective genes ( SS) are needed. In other words, if two parents are the carriers of one sickle hemoglobin gene (S) as well as a single normal cell ( A) then each chills born for these parents will have a "...25% chance of inheriting two defective genes and having sickle cell anemia; a 25% chance of inheriting two normal genes and not having the disease; and a 50% chance of being an unaffected carrier like the parents." (New Hope for People with Sickle Cell Anemia)"
"Individuals who have only one copy of the mutation are said to have sickle cell trait. These people are usually healthy but can transmit the disease to their children. This aspect is clarified by the fact that, "Sickle Cell trait (AS) is an inherited condition in which both hemoglobin A and S are produced in the red blood cells, always more A than S. Sickle cell trait is not a type of sickle cell disease. People with sickle cell trait are generally healthy." (What is Sickle Cell Disease?)"
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The Al Qa'ida Trans-national Terrorist Network, 2006.
A report on the organizational structure and qualities that characterize the transnational terrorist network known as "Al Qa'ida".
3,327 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper provides information on the history and origins of the Al Qa'ida Trans-national Terrorist Network and describes particular qualities that characterize this organization. Aspects such as the origins of the name "Al Qa'ida", Al Qa'ida's networking style of operation, its membership and hierarchy, its doctrine and ideology are discussed, as well as the modus operandi of the organization and the threat it poses to the world.
Table of Contents
Name
Definition
Geographical Location
Size of Organization
Membership
Resources and Finances
Leadership and Senior Members
Chain of Command
Organizational Structure
History
Doctrine
Motivation
Strategy
Record of Attacks
Weapons
Internet Activities
Summary
From the Paper
"Al Qa'ida, which means the "Foundation "or the "Base" in Arabic, is the general name given to this organization, which is seen as a worldwide or transnational network or alliance of militant Islamic organizations. (Wikipedia: Al Qa'ida) However there are some disparities and ambiguities that must be mentioned in relation to the naming of this organization. Firstly, the name "al-Qa'ida", while a recognized name within the popular mind, is a designation that the organization does not often use to identify itself. Furthermore, the origins of the name is disputed in some quarters and "some allege it was coined by the United States government based on the name of a computer file of Bin Laden's that listed the names of contacts he had made at the MAK in the Bait al-Ansar guesthouse during the late 1980s." ( ibid) The name, which refers to the training camp for the militants, has however become the common designation for the organization."
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