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Stephen Hawking, 2007.
A review of Stephen Hawking's book, "A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes."
1,426 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Stephen Hawking's book, "A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Holes." It describes some of the concepts that Hawking discusses in his book, such as his allusions to God and his discussions on the "classical" and the "quantum" theory of gravity. The paper also briefly describes Hawking's physical and personal challenges in life.
From the Paper
"Hawking discusses the "classical" and the "quantum" theory of gravity, in a way that makes sense to the average non-science-focused person. The "classical" theory of gravity (based on "real space-time") offers only two ways the universe can behave, Hawking writes (135): either the universe has been around "for an infinite time," or otherwise it has had "...a beginning at a singularity at some finite time in the past." As to the "quantum" gravity theory there is a third possibility in terms of a definition. That is, space-time could possibly be "finite in extent and yet...have no singularities that formed a boundary or edge." In other words, the surface of the earth is indeed finite, we can walk on it and build on it; but it has no "edge" so if you go sailing off "into the sunset, you don't fall off the edge or run into a singularity," he continues. And he adds some humor to his explanation, as he often does in this book: "I know," he says, adding to the concept of not falling off the edge of the earth, "...Because I have been round the world!""
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Stephen William Hawking, 2005.
Examines the life history and writings of this famous physicist and mathematician.
1,945 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
In the world of science and history there are few great names that can match the name of Stephen William Hawking. Hawking is perhaps one of the best known physicist and mathematicians in history, or at least in modern times. This paper presents a close examination of the life and works of Stephen William Hawking. The writer explores his childhood to help determine how he became what he is today. The writer then examines his adult life, his works and his contributions to the world, as well as some of his more better-known theories and ideas.
From the Paper
"Another difference between Hawking and many other scientists throughout the world is that he understands the world's need for laymen terms. Many scientists are reported to be so scientific and mathematically based that their works and words are boring and over the head of everyone but other scientists. Hawking understands the average person is not going to take time to dissect scientific jargon and he put together a book that explains many of the most mind boggling ideas in history in terms that can be understood by the non scientist."
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"Time's Arrow, Time's Cycle "( Stephen Jay Gould ), 1997.
Reviews work on evolution of geologists' understanding of the concept of deep time in 17th Cent.-19th Cent.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 1 source, $ 79.95
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From the Paper
"In Time's Arrow, Time's Cycle, Stephen Jay Gould discusses the evolution of geologists' understanding of the concept of deep time. Gould studied texts by Thomas Burnet, James Hutton, and Charles Lyell--three scientific writers who approached this question in the seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries. Traditionally, readings of these three writers tended to focus on the degree to which each man employed the scientific method in investigating the question of the Earth's age. The greater the scientist's dependence on scientific method, the historians reasoned, the closer he came to the truth. Thus, these scientists have often been ranked, and understood, on the basis of their adherence to standards that are familiar to the twentieth century, but were still evolving when they wrote. In the course of his repeated close readings of the texts, in which.."
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The New York Times vs. The London Times, 2002.
This paper uses the story of the Cuban child Elian Gonzalez as the base to compare the professional journalistic approach of the New York Times and the London Times.
3,265 words (approx. 13.1 pages), 21 sources, MLA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the differences between the way the story of the Cuban child Elian Gonzalez was told in the New York Times and the London Time. The author believes the stories differ because of the differing interests and the application of different frames used on both sides of the Atlantic for shaping and delivering the story to the public. The author selected the New York Times and the London Times because they are both venerable institutions, not just in their own countries but also around the world, serving as models for how a newspaper should be run and as sources for major stories and issues.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Newspapers
Preliminary Observations
Media Frames
Coverage
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The first filter is the fact that ownership of the media is highly concentrated among a few dozen of the largest for-profit corporations in the world, and many of these have extensive holdings in other industries and nations. Their desire for profit severely influences the news operations and overall content of the media. The second filter is advertising, which is responsible for most of the media's income and shapes what is discussed by proscribing certain issues on threat of withdrawal of support. The third filter is the need for sourcing, whereby "the mass media are drawn into a symbiotic relationship with powerful sources of information by economic necessity and reciprocity of interest" The fourth filter is the development of right-wing corporate antagonists to the media to put pressure upon them to follow the corporate agenda, a filter developed extensively in the 1970s when major corporations and wealthy right-wingers became increasingly dissatisfied with political developments in the West and with media coverage. The fifth filter is the ideology of anticommunism, which was long integral to Western political culture."
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Mythic Critical Analysis of "Time After Time", 2008.
This paper presents a mythic critical analysis of the film "Time After Time" (1979), directed by Nicholas Meyer and written by Karl Alexander and Steve Hayes.
1,059 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper explores some of the ways in which the popular science fiction movie "Time After Time" (1979) expresses and unfolds its narrative in mythic terms. The paper defines the expressions "mythic criticism" and "the archetype" and shows how the film reveals more of a mythic substratum than its makers may even have intended. The paper concludes that the filmmakers of "Time After Time" have followed the lead of much science fiction by their innovative utilization of fact, fiction and fantasy to create a new myth for the scientific age.
From the Paper
"According to A Handbook to Literature, the critical perspective known as mythic criticism is defined as that "which explores the nature and significance of the archetypes and archetypal patterns in the work" (Harmon and Holman 136). In this context, myth can be defined as that which portrays "a projection of social patterns upward onto a superhuman level that sanctions and stabilizes the secular ideology" (338). The same definition goes on to explain that myths, among their other functions, "attempt to explain creation, divinity, and religion; to probe the meaning of existence and death; to account for natural phenomena; and to chronicle the adventures of cultural heroes" (338). In reference to the archetype, the same handbook defines this term as a "primordial image" which draws upon the "prelogical mentality" (subconscious) of the reader / viewer and is frequently encountered in myth and folklore (41)."
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"Time After Time", 2008.
An analysis of the film "Time After Time," directed by Nicholas Meyer, through a Marxist interpretation.
1,471 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the ways in which the popular 1979 science fiction film "Time After Time," directed by Nicholas Meyer, can be interpreted from a Marxist perspective. It discusses the definition and parameters of classic Marxism as outlined in "A Handbook to Literature and Film Studies: Critical Approaches" by William Harmon and Hugh Holman. It then relates these definitions to the film.
From the Paper
"In conclusion, the filmmakers of Time After Time have, consciously or not, presented a science fiction fable with certain Marxist ideology in the way their work addresses such issues as history, technology, and gender, and how these human elements change or fail to change over time. The greatest irony may be that though the historical H.G. Wells was indeed a lifelong socialist utopian, he was also for the most part anti-Marxist in his thought, and generally elitist in his view of human governance. If anything, the view of the film, which after all accurately depicts the events that took place during the 20th century and life as it is lived in the modern day, stands as a critique of Marxist (and socialist) expectations for a world state and utopian revolution."
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Hard Times for "The New York Times", 2006.
This paper examines how "The New York Times" reported the war in Iraq as well as the paper's questionable relationship with the Bush administration.
1,795 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the recent controversies surrounding "The New York Times" during the buildup to the war in Iraq in 2003. This paper delves into the controversial matter of veteran Times reporter Judith Miller who wrote a series of articles that validated the Bush administration's claims that Iraq had weapons of mass destruction. This paper also focuses on Times reporter Jayson Blair who broke every journalistic rule by fabricating stories and lifting material from other newspapers as well as selecting details from photographs to create the impression he had been somewhere or seen someone when he had not. The writer explains how these incidents along with others detailed in this paper shook the editorial board of "The New York Times."
From the Paper
"During the buildup to the war in Iraq, the New York Times sent their veteran reporter, Judith Miller, to the Middle East to report on the developments in that region. Ms. Miller had worked for the New York Times for nearly thirty years and had a reputation for being a hard-nosed journalist with expertise in intelligence and security issues. She also had many highly placed political sources, which made her an important reporter for the newspaper. At the time, the Bush administration was getting tough on Saddam Hussein, the leader of Iraq."
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Time Travel, 2005.
This essay discusses the theory of time travel, using references ranging from the science-fiction to the reality of particle acceleration and modern research.
1,425 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that going back in time to visit historical times in real life may sound like the work of an H.G. Wells novel, but physicists are getting surprisingly closer to actually being able to travel in time, as demonstrated by the theory of relativity, light speed, paradox theories, and the work of modern scientists as they search for the secrets to the 4th dimension. The author points out that Dr. Stephen Hawking's theory and the recent discovery of black holes show the potential for an area where the laws of relativity may not exist. The paper relates that Dr. Ronald Mallett at the University of Connecticut has developed an idea that present-day people can communicate with the past by sending electrical particles through a spiral series of laser beams to accelerate them to the speed of light.
Table of Contents
Introduction
What Is Time Travel?
The Fourth Dimension?
Time and Space
Theories Past and Present
What Is Matter?
Applicable Relativity Theory
We Cannot Get There from Here
Modern Research of Time Travel
Newton
Einstein
Stephen Hawking
Paradox Theories
Time Travel Mutual Fund
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Theory of Relativity states that fundamentally our ideas of space and time. We must accept that time if not completely separate from and independent of space, but is combined with it to form an object called space-time. Newton developed laws of motion that until Einstein were not contested. Einstein expanded this law in his special theory of relativity, which states that mass increases as speed approaches the speed of light. We must remember that the more mass we have the larger that mass will become as light speed is reached. The speed of light and time space is closely related. It has been said that light speed is the key to time travel. At this time the theory of relativity limits our ability to move mass at the speed of light, but as I will explain, there are current theories that will allow moving electrical energy in the form of data back in time."
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American Presidency and Political Time, 2008.
An analysis of Stephen Skowronek's theory of presidential leadership and political time in his book "The Politics Presidents Make", applied to the Bush administration's handling of the war in Iraq.
3,330 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the concept of presidential leadership and the theory of political time delineated in Stephen Skowronek's "The Politics Presidents Make". The idea of political time means first that the given president is situated at different points in the life-cycle of a given political regime and, second, that presidents stand in different relation to the dominant political regime and its "regime party." The paper also focuses on what Skowronek calls "orthodox-innovators", or leaders whose actions are strongly influenced by the ulterior motives of his regime. The paper considers how this applies to the current war in Iraq and to the actions of George W. Bush in taking the U.S. into that war. It concludes that this issue has been much argued since the start of that war and will continue to be discussed far into the future, not simply until the war ends but long after as historians and others seek to understand the rationale for this war.
Outline:
Introduction
Political Time
Political Regime
The Orthodox-Innovator
Iraq
From the Paper
"Skowronek identifies the orthodox-innovator as a "faithful son," meaning not a son of a political leader but a son of a political party, movement, or regime that shapes the faithful son's political leanings and career. These are also the presidents who are associated with "a resilient set of governmental commitments" (Skowronek 41). The presidents considered here all fit the mold, meaning James Monroe, James K. Polk, Theodore Roosevelt, Lyndon Johnson, George H.W. Bush, and George W. Bush. All emerged from a political tradition they could be expected to support and yet that they in part denied as they pursued their little wars, often in order to assert American power not just to other countries but domestically as well, supposedly correcting earlier failures to do so and thus affirming the strengths their followers want supported, or doing so to counter charges by the opposition of weakness. It is considered less surprising when a Republican president affirms American power by engaging in a military action, for instance, while a Democratic president might do so just to show that the view that Democratic leaders are not able to handle the need for a military response."
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"Time and the Art of Living" by Robert Grudin, 2002.
The paper provides a review of the book "Time and the Art of Living" by Robert Grudin, which discusses how we co-exist with time, and how to make time more meaningful in our lives.
1,862 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes the main concept put forward in Grudin's book that people do not make the best use of their time and looks at the way this philosophy explains much about our time oriented society. The paper examines society's preoccupation with time, and the way the author encourages the reader to think more about their goals and aspirations, rather than their day-to-day existence. The paper admires Grudin's effective arguments yet criticizes his use of duplication throughout the book.
From the Paper
"One important theme Grudin talks about in the book is how we are "impoverished in time" (Grudin 6). This is an interesting and compelling thought, and bears deeper investigation. Literally, all we have in life is time, and yet, there is never enough of it. Grudin explains this phenomenon in a variety of ways, but ultimately breaks it down between people who look toward the future, and people who can only see their day-to-day existence."
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The Black Hole: An Enigma of Time and Space, 2002.
An insight into the phenomena of the black hole.
3,696 words (approx. 14.8 pages), 22 sources, MLA, $ 102.95
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Abstract
This paper is an in-depth treatise on the subject of black holes (it does not contain any sophisticated math). A black hole is a region of space where matters collapses in upon itself toward an infinite density, thereby endlessly increasing its mass and gravitational pull. It details the evidence for their existence both theoretical and empirical and describes the debates concerning their fundamental nature (how they warp time and gravity). It evaluates theories by Einstein and Stephen Hawking as well as related phenomenon such as white holes and wormholes.
From the Paper
"Man has always looked into the heavens and questioned the nature of the universe around him. Through the science of physics he has created such seemingly basic and ubiquitous concepts as time, mass, weight, and gravity. Held to be absolutes, these conceptual building blocks allow him to define, categorize, and relate the objects he discovers in the vastness of space. And without argument, his definitions and equations intercalating these abstractions hold true - except in one specific locus of space. A region of mystery possessing infinite depth yet of finite size, detectable in space yet emitting no electromagnetic radiation, an enigma of nature that beckons to be resolved. An entity first described as a ?frozen star? but then later dubbed a ?black hole? by John Archibald Wheeler. What is this black hole?"
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Novelist Stephen King, 2005.
This paper explores the question of similarities or links between the characters in the same novel, as well as in completely different novels, in the works of novelist Stephen King.
1,115 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Stephen King is a most prolific writer in one genre, horror books; therefore, there cannot help but be similarities in some of the characters in his dozens of published works. The author points out that every time Stephen King writes or develops a character that is to represent complete and undeniable evil, he gives that character the initials R. F., such as, in "The Stand", he named the epitome of evil, Randall Flagg. The paper relates that another commonality is that several of the characters in Stephen King's novels and short stories are social misfits, which naturally make them prime candidates to experience the horrors of King's innermost imaginative thoughts, as in "IT" or the writer in "Delores".
From the Paper
"In the "Gunslinger", Roland, the main character, is practical and intelligent, which is the path most of King's characters take on. However, that is not an obvious "link" because very few people would read a novel in which the main character was not intelligent. It would make a boring book; therefore, King may not have purposely made this character as intelligent and practical as other "Dark Tower" characters. He may instead have created characters that were intelligent and practical because that is what sells books, and by coincidence, they all appear intelligent and practical."
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Time-Life, Inc., 1996.
Examines the history, product line, & market of Time-Life Inc., the publishing subsidiary of Time & Time-Warner.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 8 sources, $ 23.95
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From the Paper
"Time-Life Inc. was founded in 1961 and has its national headquarters in Arlington, Virginia. In its brief thirty-five year history, Time-Life has become an extremely diversified corporation featuring the marketing of books, periodicals, CD-ROM titles, on-line services, newspapers, video and music services, motion pictures, and home video tape distribution. Although the company distributes some of its books through various national retail bookstores, the main part of its product distribution comes through direct mail sales and its book clubs. Time-Life is an immediate subsidiary of Time Inc., which in turn is a major division of the multinational media conglomerate, Time Warner Inc. (Books growing in new directions, 1995).
The company's book division alone has published well over 2,000 titles in a variety of fields including, science and ..."
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The Events Prior to the Black Hawk War, 2002.
Summary of the events of the Black Haw War and discussion of the impact the war had on recent American history.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The Black Hawk War, while only encompassing a brief period of time, has become a landmark in United States history. This is partially due to the large amounts of written materials left from the event, where other wars between settlers and the Native Americans went undocumented, and partially due to the mysterious circumstances of the confrontation. This paper will summarize the events of this war, in order to best demonstrate why the Black Hawk War has had so great an impact on our recent history.
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