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The Historical Roots of Modern Terrorism, 2007.
An examination of historical manifestation of terrorism in society.
1,772 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper explains where terrorism has come from and examines the ideological foundations upon which it rests. The writer discusses how, historically, terrorism has always had political roots, where as modern terrorism has emerged as something that is somewhat divorced from this political context. The writer points out that understanding terrorism will provide modern scholars with the resources needed to understand the motivations and future actions of terrorist organizations.
From the Paper
"The threat of terrorism has been bandied about in the West since the 2001 attacks on the United States as the preeminent security issue for modern nations. While this may be something of a hyperbole, it is nonetheless true that terrorism does represent a threat to the Western world in at least some instances. But to understand the modern form that terrorism has taken and the real or imagined threat it poses, it is important to have a sense of the historical roots of terrorism."
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Historical Roots of Gay Emancipation, 2002.
Uses John D'Emilio's book "Sexual Politics, Sexual Communities" to answer the question "What events and social changes between 1940 and 1970 made the Stonewall Riots possible?"
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 1 source, $ 89.95
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Abstract
The strength of the gay and lesbian community comes from a long history of organizations and leaders, as well as subtle social, economic and political factors that contributed to the identification of homosexuality as an identity. It is this identity around which a community has been built to disprove the notion that homosexuality is 'deviant', 'sick', or 'sinful'. The paper identifies two distinct philosophies in the gay liberation movement: one moving towards assimilation and discounting sexual preference as an identity-builder; the other promoting pride and acceptance of homosexuality as a viable identity.
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The Roots of Terrorism in the Third World, 2001.
The paper is a personal essay in which the author expresses ideas about the various reasons why anyone in the Third World would want to join a terrorist group.
1,370 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 0 sources, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the ideas of the author about the roots of terrorism in the Third World and discusses possible solutions. This paper explains that there is no such thing as democracy and freedom in these countries where terrorism comes to life and that the people live in poverty. The author concludes that, without any change of the societies that suppress their people and does not grant them basic human rights, the epidemic of terrorism will continue and may possibly get worse.
From the Paper
"Economics in the Third World fuels terrorism like no other element that contributes to the growth of terrorism. In many Third World countries, jobs are hard to come by as many more citizens are leaving the countryside to the urban cities for a chance of a better life. Many of these migrants though are disappointed when they get to the cities and find out that there are not enough jobs to go around. As a result, many of these migrants fall into poverty struggling to survive and only getting the basic living necessities by hand to mouth. Because of the obstacles of surviving in the cities along with struggling to find any job that may pay, many of these migrants feel hopeless and feel that they have no purpose in life. For terrorist groups though, these hopeless souls are a potential pool of possible terrorists. Many terrorist networks are active in many Third World cities along with refugee camps by actively recruiting new members for their terrorist networks. Many recruiters promise the potential terrorists food, permanent shelter, and a job if they train with the terrorist groups. Many of the new recruits feel for the first time in their lives needed and feel that they have a purpose in life with the terrorist groups. These new recruits give all of their effort to the terrorist groups feeling that they are contributing something positive against the government or economic system that placed them in poverty."
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Terrorism in Modern War, 2007.
This paper discusses how the role of terrorism has changed the direction and the future of modern war.
2,786 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 83.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the three generations of warfare, the present generation being the fourth generation and the deadliest and most feared as well. The paper explains that modern war involves the use of technological weapons of mass destruction and terrorist attacks. The paper discusses the danger of terrorism; terrorists can effectively wage their war while being protected in the very same country they are attacking, they are prepared to sacrifice their lives and will use almost any type of common consumer good to create dangerous devices. The paper stresses the importance of decisions and deception to be used to protect our security today.
Outline:
Introduction and Topic Overview
Researched Materials: Three Generations of Warfare
The Fourth Generation of Warfare and Deception Tactics
Management Decisions in War
The Role of Terrorism in Modern War
Relation of Terrorism and Modern War to Current Events
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In the five years that have passed since the deadly terrorist attacks at the World Trade Center, the role of terrorism in modern war as emerged as a discomforting topic of concern for citizens, government officials and the military branches alike. As a result, modern warfare has been transformed from what was previously defined as "low intensity conflicts typically in the form of proxy wars fought within local regional confines (Wikipedia, 2006)," to an existential threat from terrorism and the possible use of weapons of mass destruction by terrorists. Terrorism has created a clear and present danger that terrorists will gain the capability to carry out catastrophic attacks on Europe and the United States using nuclear, biological or chemical weapons."
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Root Causes of Terrorism, 2007.
This paper identifies and discusses the root causes of terrorism.
1,930 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that since the events of September 11, 2001 the reality and threat of international terrorism has increased. This threat has also extended to the danger of domestic terrorism, with the subsequent increase of security concerns within the United States and around the globe. The writer points out that the study of terrorism and the cause or causes of terrorist actions have therefore assumed a high profile in many disciplines, including the important area of international relations. The writer discusses that among the cardinal reasons for terrorist activities are perceptions of inequality and discrimination on economic as well as political and ethnic levels. The writer maintains that this is by no means the only cause of terrorism but many of the other causes can be derived or related to this basic concern.
From the Paper
"While the focus has generally been on ways and methods of preventing and fighting terrorism, there has been an increasing focus on the necessity to determine the underlying causative facets that motivate and precipitate terrorist actions. There is a growing realization that only through a clear understanding of these primary and fundamental causes can the specter of terrorism be practically reduced."
"However, the question of the causative factors of terrorism cannot be easily answered in any simplistic or definitive way. There are many complex variables and aspects that have to be considered in order to come to a fundamental assessment of the causes of these extreme actions. The facets that underlie and act as fundamental " triggers" of terrorist actions are often interrelated, so that there are in most cases a number of factors that combine to create the environment and the sense of justification for terrorist actions. The following is only a partial list of various possible causes of terrorism."
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Finding the Root Cause of Terrorism, 2006.
This paper attempts to ascertain which factor is more likely than any other to produce terrorists.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 10 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the available literature to determine what root cause, if any, is the one legislators and the international community should tackle above all others in their efforts to end terrorism. Suffice it to say, as with domestic crime, finding out how to remedy certain problems before they become bigger problems lies at the heart of successful crime prevention. Moreover with global resources entrusted with fighting international terror stretched to the breaking point as it is, any effort to undercut the precipitating factors giving rise to this global scourge will be well looked upon.
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Terrorism and Counter Terrorism, 2004.
A study of the development of international terrorism and counter terrorism, both in general and specifically, since the events of September 11th, 2001.
1,754 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the way counter terrorism and terrorism have changed since 9/11 and the growing role of the U.S. It also looks at the development of 'modern' terrorism and the possible consequences of the continuing War on Terror. It debates whetherr or not September 11th, 2001 can be seen as a day that changed the face of terrorism. It also discusses how since the invasion of Afghanistan, terrorist attacks have become more numerous and high profile although their basic purpose remains the same, to gain attention. It puts forward the view that what has changed about terrorism since 9/11 is the amount of media attention it now controls.
From the Paper
"As well as presenting a recent point of reference for terrorist activity, the conflicts in Palestine and Northern Ireland also show two different ways of dealing with the problem, certain aspects of which have been adopted by the United States. In the case of Britain and Northern Ireland, the conflict is one of territory and security for those who want British rule. In Palestine and Israel however, the situation is based purely on territory. This difference in the foundation for the terrorist action seems to have dictated the way in which terrorism has been dealt with. Because of the presence of British citizens in Northern Ireland, and the small section of society that is involved in the unrest , it has been British policy in recent years to try and settle the situation through political sanctions and increased security measures to prevent terrorism."
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History of Terrorism, 2004.
This paper discusses the history of terrorism from ancient to modern times.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This article looks at the history of terrorism from ancient to modern times. The writer defines terrorism and its roots. The writer also discusses different types of terrorism: state terrorism and non-state terrorism. The paper looks at the many forms of terrorism.
Brief Historical Overview of Terrorism
Introduction and Purpose
Definition of Terrorism
Purpose
Brief History of Terrorism
Roots of Terrorism
Ancient History
Modern History
Types of Terrorism
State Terrorism
Non-State Terrorism
Responding to Terrorism
Identifying Proper Targets
Conclusions
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Any academic definition of terrorism would refer to a violent act omitted by individuals or a group not during a war undertaken in order to achieve a political goal. Modern forms of political terrorism became popular ... "
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"Terror" in the Mind of God: A Study of Terrorism, 2005.
This paper studies the dangerous influence that religion has on some believers-- an influence that ignites terrorism.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
Using Mark Juergensmeyer's book "Terror in the Mind of God" as a reference, this paper examines how religion sometimes influences its believers in such an extreme way that they turn to terrorism in the name of God. The paper examines the origins of terrorism, cultures of violence and the future of terrorism.
From the Paper
"Juergensmeyer's ideas discussed in the book go against what most criminological theories of crime causation tell us. Rational Choice theory, which is the theory used almost exclusively in today's criminal justice field, believes that criminals choose to commit crime by weighing the potential benefits versus the potential risks. (Siegal, 107). This assumption that offenders make a rational informed decision affects crime prevention strategies (Siegal, 129). The religious terrorist, however, is in a cosmic frame of mind where moral religious values override any sense of legal right or wrong."
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Terrorism in the Middle East, 2007.
The paper identifies the roots and manifestations of terrorism and focuses on the current situation in the Middle east.
3,912 words (approx. 15.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 106.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses who promotes and supports terrorism. The paper explains that members of a terrorist organization do not view themselves as promoters of hate and fear, but they call themselves fighters for noble, holy causes. The paper examines the dispute over resources within the Middle East, known as the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The paper shows how in reality, terrorism has so little to do with protecting the rights of the oppressed and with true justice being served, but has so much to do with maintaining dictatorial regimes and protecting their dirty business and petty interests.
From the Paper
"Terrorism refers to acts of generalized violence and harmful behaviors, for political, religious or ideological reasons, committed against civilians (Wikipedia, 2007) and individuals with no interest or any implication in the conflicts (non-combatants, uninterested party). Also, terrorism means managing terror for a specific purpose, inducing fear, causing neutral (relative to the supposed conflict) individuals to live their lives under constant threat. Every terrorist attack is a very good, thought-out plan to maximize the destruction and human loss, to increase terror in every way possible. Terrorism works at a psychological level, inducing constant concern, anxiety and a feeling of insecurity. Civilians are non-combatants (Wikipedia, 2007) in the conflict between activists and governments."
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Freedom Terror, 2006.
A discussion regarding modern day terrorism.
824 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at modern day terrorism. According to the paper, terrorism has been a growing threat to the modern world as technologies and international tensions have evolved. The paper discusses how its capacity for destruction has grown exponentially in the past century.
From the Paper
"The pervasively flawed nature of the Bush administration's definition of terrorism and freedom fighting allows for the terms' manipulation and misuse in political and social forums. In short, the imprecise understanding of terrorism grants the cliche, "One man's terrorist is another man's freedom fighter," some level of credence. Consequently, "Use of the term implies a moral judgment; and if one party can successfully attach the label 'terrorist' to is opponent, then it has indirectly persuaded others of its moral viewpoint. Hence, the decision to call someone or label some organization 'terrorist' becomes almost unavoidably subjective." Historically, this ambiguity surrounding terrorism has not required much particular attention because it was a largely localized phenomenon, and limited in its scope. However today, the importance of adequately identifying and reacting to terrorism has become amplified both by the lack of geographic confines surrounding its perpetration, and the almost unimaginable levels of destruction that terrorists have the potential to unleash. "
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Terrorism, 1991.
This paper discusses terrorism: Historical and ideological bases, evolution, motivations, tactics, activities, international form and possible solutions.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 15 sources, $ 63.95
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From the Paper
"The subject of terrorism holds a great deal of interest for the contemporary world. In the subjects of psychology, sociology, history, and political theory, terrorism has played a major role in the development of a theoretical basis for analyzing extra-legal political behavior. In the broad spectrum, however, terrorism in its modern form originated as a European phenomenon, in its most famous expression during the period of the French Revolution of 1789. The main feature of the type of terrorism that has come down from the French experience was an abstract, ideological character which inspired certain presuppositions about both man and society. In a very real sense, then, the ideological roots of modern terrorism are cross-cultural, and are really more than "conservative versus liberal" goal-oriented behaviors... "
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Protecting Ourselves against Terrorism, 2007.
An analysis of the consequences of terrorism and attempts to protect ourselves against terrorism.
2,995 words (approx. 12.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 88.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the way the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack has affected people's ability to discuss terrorism dispassionately. The paper begins by defining terrorism and then presents some possible causes of terrorism. The paper suggests the United States' responsibility in dealing with terrorism and gives the writer's personal view on the issue.
Table of Contents:
Causes of Terrorism
What is Terrorism?
Protecting Ourselves from Terrorism- a) Follow International Law
Protecting Ourselves from Terrorism- b) Domestic Measures
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Terrorism is such a misused word that one person's terrorist is another ones freedom fighter. Bin Laden and his criminal gang were described as 'Mujahideen- the Holy Warriors' by the western media and their indiscriminate terrorist attacks during soviet occupation and pro-soviet Afghan government days were projected as freedom struggle and acts of bravery. The international politics has thus not permitted building a formal definition. The United States Congress has defined [22 U.S.C. [sections] 2656 f(d)(1)-(2) (1994)] "terrorism" as "premeditated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by sub-national groups or clandestine agents"; "international terrorism" is defined as "terrorism involving citizens or the territory of more than 1 country" [Reisman, 1999]. This definition does not consider state terrorism or state sponsored terrorism, which is often the case, as international terrorism often requires a hideout and a sympathetic or covertly supporting state."
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Cyber-Terrorism, 2007.
This paper looks at Cyber-terrorism's role in terrorism.
1,237 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explains that the term cyber-terrorism has developed as a result of the role of modern technology in the furtherance of national and international terrorism. The writer notes that al Qaeda appears to love the Internet and that there is a growing realization of the way that computers and the Internet are being used as another tool in the terrorist's arsenal. The writer concludes that there is little doubt that with the growth of the Internet and modern digital communications systems the threat of cyber-terrorism is one that is set to increase.
From the Paper
"It is usually the case that cyber-terrorists have political aims that motivate their crimes. In the information age the information that a terrorist may need to plan an attack on, for example, a power station is contained on government or private computers somewhere. Therefore the art of hacking or illegally gaining entry to restricted data via the Internet and computers has become one of the ways that cyber-terrorists operate. A good example of this was during the Gulf War in 1991 the Pentagon computer was hacked or illegally entered and secret material about the Patriot missile was stolen."
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Combatting Terrorism, 2008.
This paper discusses terrorism focusing on Al Qaeda and presents a counter terrorism training plan.
1,300 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses a plan designed to meet the needs of operatives charged with the difficult task of countering the terrorist threats posed by Al Qaeda. As is well known, since the devastatingly deadly attack on the people of the USA, which has come to be known as 9/11, counter terrorism has become of paramount importance. The writer notes that an important step in countering terrorism is to attempt to understand the motivations of terrorists. The writer points out that by studying the Al Qaeda manual that is available on the Internet, one can enhance one's understanding, so that terrorists may be better understood and can be fought more effectively.
Outline:
Introduction
The Nature of Terrorism in the Modern World
Combating Terrorism in the Modern, Globalized World
What we can Learn from the Al Qaeda Manual
From the Paper
"Thus, we can reasonably expect that the USA will continue to be attacked by terrorists for the foreseeable future. The challenge then is to find the best way to counter it. To do this, we must bear in mind what experts such as Wilen have pointed out: that we cannot beat terrorism by operating only in a reactive mode, as has largely been the case up till now. Rather, we need to operate in a preventative manner. For example, we need to integrate information in order to know about terrorism attacks before they happen, and then take steps to prevent them. This will be a much lesser drain on our resources than cleaning up the mess afterwards. Consider, for example, how much better it would be to prevent a nuclear attack on New York, than to attempt to repair the damage afterwards, especially given the fact that land affected by nuclear fallout cannot be inhabited for 70 years."
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