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Higher Education Leadership, 2005.
This paper discusses theories of leadership appropriate for the environment of higher education.
6,295 words (approx. 25.2 pages), 35 sources, APA, $ 146.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the widespread retirement of many of today's "Baby Boomer" higher education leaders will hasten the need for a new generation of education leaders and new leadership approaches; thereby, a fresh assessment of higher education leadership roles, styles, approaches, practices and goals is needed. The author points out that contemporary higher education leadership is most often characterized as collaborative rather than unilateral or hierarchical as in corporate leadership. The paper recommends participative, contingency (to an extent) and transformational leadership theories and practices as the best practices for tomorrow's higher education leaders but does not recommend dyadic role making or LMX theory.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Background of the Study
Increases in Female and Minority Higher Education Leaders
The Nature of Higher Education Leadership.
Leadership Theories
Participative Leadership Theory
Dyadic Role-Making Leadership Theory
Contingency Leadership Theory
Charismatic Leadership Theory
Transformational Leadership Theory
Emotional intelligence Leadership Theory
Adult Learning Theories and Practices and Higher Education Leadership (Knowles' "Andragogy" Theory)
Conclusions and Implications for Higher Education Leadership
From the Paper
"Dyad role-making leadership theory, also known as Leader-Member exchange theory (LMX) "focuses on dyadic relationships, and roles carried out, between leaders and managers." In addition, the theory describes how leaders develop different exchange relationships over time with various subordinates. LMX theory is also called vertical dyad linkage theory, due to its focus on reciprocal influencing processes within vertical "dyads" consisting of an individual with supervising authority over another individual. The "dyads", within this theory, consist of two people (a leader and a subordinate, with the leader (e.g., college president or other high-level administrator) forming a separate "dyad" with each individual subordinate); the "roles" are their agreed-upon interacted relationships and (usually tacit) assumptions about one another and expectations of one another."
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Leadership Strategies in Higher Education, 2005.
Examines two books that relate to leadership strategies in higher education.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses and recommends two books relevant to higher education practice and innovative leadership strategies in higher education. The books are: "Leadership in Continuing and Distance Education in Higher Education" by Shoemaker, and "Universities in the Marketplace: the Commercialization of Higher Education" by Bok.
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Affirmative Action in Higher Education, 2007.
An analysis of the benefits of racial diversity in the American higher education system.
1,604 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the role of racial diversity in the affirmative action issues currently being debated within higher education. The writer discusses how the beneficial aspects of affirmative action in higher education help to create a diversified and culturally multi-lateral academic institution. The writer advocates that by understanding the critical issues such as reverse discrimination for "reserved spots" and the concept of "reverse racism", one can realize the arguments that are counter productive to a more diverse higher education. The writer concludes that affirmative action integrates both minorities and whites into a system that provides a greater academic and cultural multiplicity to the American higher education system.
From the Paper
"The issue of inclusion in higher education has often been a major problem for the United States in relation to the adhering to the Bill of Rights and the irony of problems with institutional racism in a so-called democracy. Affirmative Action has played a role in lessening these barriers within academic institutions, which has been a slowly changing racial factor within the diversity needed for an idealized society of this type. Although the strict racism of past eras has been reduced to a certain degree, there are still problems with the system:
Skin color is no longer as much of a barrier to higher education as it once was. But skin color --and race, gender, sexual orientation, physical ability, national origin, and economic status-- continues to be a very real barrier to higher education, employment and full participation in this "democracy" (Soto para.5)."
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Higher Education, 2004.
This paper discusses the history of higher education in the U.S., which has changed dramatically from colonial times to modern times.
970 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in the colonial era, education was largely exclusive and focused on the religious education of males. The author points out that modern higher education has been shaped by the implementation of technology, with students commonly using laptops in class and with teachers using overheads and computer-generated lessons. The paper stresses that higher education today encompasses much more than the universities, degree-granting accredited community colleges, and four-year colleges recognized as "higher education" by the U.S. Department of Education; in addition, corporate classrooms, virtual universities, and proprietary schools educate millions of individuals outside of this narrow definition.
From the Paper
"At the same time, educational opportunities of minorities, including African Americans were limited during the early years of higher education. W.E.B DuBois was the first African American to get a Ph.D. degree from Harvard, receiving his degree in 1890 despite opposition to his entrance to the school. Booker T. Washington was also an important figure in African American education, and as head of the Tuskegee Institute, he taught newly freed slaves skills in education, business, and the trades."
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Higher Education Reform, 2007.
This paper argues that reforms are needed in the U.S. higher education system.
1,725 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that, although many Americans do not see the U.S. higher education system as a troubled area, if they were to look closer, they would recognize that it is in desperate need of reform. The author points out that, over the past few decades, our higher education systems have been lagging in four key components: access, affordability, quality and accountability. The paper relates that Secretary Margaret Spellings and the U.S. Department of Education did a year-long investigation of the Higher Education system in hopes of coming up with effective solutions to these problems. The paper underscores that many students do not feel ready for college because they are inadequately prepared and there are many financial barriers. The paper stresses that, because the system is so intrinsically linked to the future success of the children and the nation, its reform should be one of the highest priorities.
From the Paper
"Just between 1995 and 2005, the tuition for attending a private four-year college rose about 36 percent, 51 percent in public institutions and 30 percent in community colleges (after adjusting for inflation). The worst part of this is that there are no incentives for colleges and universities to cut their costs because prestige is often measured by resources. Along with affordability is the problem of financial aid in the U.S. Our financial aid systems is too complex, long, confusing, inefficient, and usually does not provide aid for those who require it the most."
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Financing of Higher Education, 2007.
An analysis of the debate over whether the government or individuals should finance higher education.
1,479 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the debate over who should finance higher education - government funding, individuals or a combination of both sources. The paper discusses the benefits of higher education to the individual and to society as a whole. It describes the current funding of higher education in the United States and the arguments for and against changes to the current system.
From the Paper
" Higher education for the individual has always been a way to enhance social esteem, land better-paying jobs, expand one's opportunities and stimulate one's intellect (Johnstore 2000). Society considers it the key to technology, productivity and inputs to global competitiveness and economic growth. It is always desirable and preferred in that it furthermore shapes and preserves values and culture. It also serves as a major means to social justice, equal opportunity and democracy. For all its significance, higher education throughout the world has been hindered by high costs, which are still fast rising. Governments have been reducing allocations for universities and other institutions of learning. These cutbacks have led to reduced staff, deterioration of plant and equipment, reduced salaries and reduced capacity to expand and meet student demand. Cost adjustments have been passed on to students and their parents and raised debt levels and access. These rising costs are accompanied by charges of inefficiency and lack of cost-benefit accountability. The conclusion among academicians has been that a financial crisis in education in most countries has occurred, especially in developing countries (Johnstone)."
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Marketing UK Higher Education, 2006.
Looking from a strategic marketing perspective, this paper evaluates the U.K. higher education market from the viewpoint of the overseas student.
3,631 words (approx. 14.5 pages), 20 sources, APA, $ 101.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the British higher education market from a marketing perspective. The paper evaluates whether the British Council is losing ground in competing with Australia and the U.S.A. in selling British higher education. It questions whether the market for British higher education has been redefined. The paper further looks at what British universities need to do to respond to market changes.
From the Paper
"The British Council is an agency or an organization that attempts to promote educational, cultural, as well as technical cooperation between Britain and other countries anywhere in the world. The primary goal of the British Council is to successfully establish certain long-term, worldwide partnerships with other countries, so that there may be a better understanding between the various countries involved. In fact, the British Council is the United Kingdom's most important agency for creating and developing and maintaining cultural relations with several other countries overseas, and is an integral part of the United Kingdom's diplomatic relations and to aid effort. (The British Council General information and BC in Uzbekistan)"
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Higher Education in Ontario, 2006.
A review of the history and the goals of higher education in Ontario, as well as federal policy.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper explores how historiography helps us to identify biases, or over-emphasized points in phenomena. For instance, the 2006 election featured party commentary on how to make higher education more accessible in Canada, though education is properly a provincial undertaking. The paper refers to history of higher education in 19th century and its purposes, as compared to social engineering/cost-benefit analysis of today and draws several examples.
From the Paper
"The goals of higher education in Ontario, over time, and federal policy. Introduction education remains a provincial responsibility in Canada, yet political parties are expected to produce approaches to matters of education. Prior to the federal election of 2006, statements revealed several strong themes pertaining to education of different kinds, as proved interesting to explore. The reader becomes aware of contrasting notions of education's purposes, and ideals, and later, sees that these contrasts have been present for rather a long time. The study of educational history and its historiography come into view as not very streamlined pursuits. "
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The Higher Education Act (HEA), 2007.
This paper analyzes the significance of the Higher Education Act (HEA) of 1965.
1,205 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the HEA is particularly significant in terms of funding for higher education. The paper explains that it provided higher education to middle and lower income students. The paper examines how it greatly impacted the effort to empower and educate minority groups in the United States. The paper relates that for the first time, the general public received the opportunity to improve themselves through further education.
From the Paper
"The Higher Education Act (HEA) of 1965 was signed into law on November 8 of that year. Before this time, higher education was a luxury that could be afforded only by the rich and the privileged, hence mainly by the white upper-class population of the United States. President Johnson understood the need to provide lower and middle income families with the opportunity for higher education as well. This would not only serve an empowerment function for the beneficiaries of the Act, but would also be beneficial for the manpower and employment sectors of the country as a whole. By providing higher education to middle and lower income students, the country can make use of otherwise latent and lost talents in order to uplift both the community and the country itself. As such, the Act was particularly important for financing higher education since the 1940s."
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Information Technology and Higher Education in Saudi Arabia, 2002.
A study proposal to identify higher education needs in Saudi Arabia.
3,825 words (approx. 15.3 pages), 21 sources, $ 135.95
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Abstract
Proposes a study to identify higher education needs in Saudi Arabia. Use of the Internet as a vital component of the educational sysem. Brief history of Saudi Arabia. Cites relevant literature. How the Internet and media can support higher education for the 21st Century. Proposes a qualitative, exploratory case analysis.
From the Paper
"Research Proposal: Information Technology, Higher
Education and the Student of Saudi Arabia in the 21st Century
The Study's Objective
The objective of the proposed study is to identify the needs and priorities in higher education in Saudi Arabia with respect to the use of the Internet as a fundamental component in the educational system. Based upon the brief discussion of relevant literature which will be presented, it seems clear that the Internet represents a major and even vital source of information and data needed to increase the quality of learning in Saudi Arabia's institutions of higher education. While this is clearly true, it is also true that numerous barriers exist which inhibit the capacity of Saudi Arabian university students and their institutions to capitalize upon IT and the Internet. The..."
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Affirmative Action in Higher Education, 2004.
This paper is a personal essay that discusses how affirmative action helps qualified candidates overcome racism and sexism in higher education.
1,235 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that the whole point of affirmative action in higher education is to stop the discrimination of minorities and increase minority enrollment in higher education; but some white individuals feel as if they are the ones now being discriminated against. The author points out that California Proposition 209 banned all programs involving race and sex preferences run by the state. The paper relates that many students of color attend public schools that do not offer the advanced placement courses that can raise their GPAs in excess of 4.0; therefore, they will not even be considered for admission.
From the Paper
"Affirmative action quest to equalize groups has instead allowed for legalized prejudicial practices against white males. In face in Texas a lawsuit was filed alleging discrimination against white males. This is known as the Hopwood act. The affirmative action programs has been under attack in many cities because of many men, who like minorities, feel that they have been discriminated against by a system that prefers minority and gender preferences. It can be argued that the very groups targeted to benefit from affirmative action are no longer the ones that need protection. Instead the direction has changed to so that white males are now looked upon as minorities in many educational areas."
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Higher Education Fiscal Responsibility, 2007.
An analysis of the fiscal roles of each member of a higher education administrative team.
993 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the various members of any higher education administrative team and describes their fiscal responsibility. It then discusses whether each member is a key or supporting member of the team, especially in terms of a shared process of overall fiscal responsibility to a higher education system and/or individual institution.
From the Paper
"Therefore, in order for a higher education system and all of its various separate higher education institutions (and their component parts) to run and continue running as well as possible, now and on into the future, each administrative manager, rather purely a fiscal one or not (and most often not) must manage responsibly, and (ideally, at least) must also manage his or her area in combination and cooperation with all of the others. Above the governing board, then, may be and usually is a President or Chancellor, especially at state-run institutions but often at others as well. Then, in addition to chief academic, student affairs and financial officers there is also (typically) a chief foundation officer or officers, and sometimes a vice-president or equivalent person at the foundation below that, in charge of actual fundraising. Next are deans; chairs, and various lowest-level administrators (these are usually also full-time faculty with full or almost-full teaching loads) who each have their own distinct albeit lesser fiscal responsibilities within their smaller areas."
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Affirmative Action in Higher Education, 2005.
This paper argues in favor of equality in education and that affirmative action in higher education and beyond is very necessary.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This essay makes the argument that, in the wake of the upholding by the Supreme Court of the University of Michigan's race-based admissions policies, affirmative action in higher education, and beyond, is still very necessary. The paper claims that while facts and figures can be distorted and false, what is right, that being equality in education and life for all, must be upheld.
From the Paper
"In June 2003, the Supreme Court upheld the use of affirmative action at the University of Michigan and among places of higher education overall. A group of Caucasian students from Michigan had sued the school, claiming that affirmative action laws at the school that admitted certain numbers of minority students were actually race quotas. Race-based quotas would have gone against the federal affirmative action laws; affirmative action is allowed, but quota-based systems of admitting minority students are not. While the writer feels this court ruling is just, much of what the writer has read since has been very disturbing. When talking of minority students and college, lots of facts and figures are often tossed around, such as test scores and percentages of those who graduate."
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Adult Higher Education, 2002.
Examines the connection between adults studying for higher education degrees and the effect on the workforce.
1,524 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper begins by discussing the steps which need to be considered when adult decides to further their studies and obtain a higher education. It looks at how obtaining a degree is beneficial to career advancement and work satisfaction. It then analyzes the position of women with a college education in the workforce and whether there is a difference in salaries between men and women with degrees. It discusses the personal benefits to obtaining a degree as well as benefits to the home environment. The paper concludes with discussing how one would need to cope with the extra stress of studying and possibly working at the same time.
From the Paper
"Many contemporary employers in the United States support on and off-the-job general education for the employees (Ivancevich 394). In general, such benefits are offered as incentives to workers and are viewed as fostering increased loyalty to the firm, enhanced job satisfaction, and personal growth as well as professional development. Some firms use educational benefits and incentive programs to facilitate the advancement of their own employees, creating an increasingly well-educated, skilled and trained workforce."
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Higher Education: A Right or a Privilege, 2005.
A position paper arguing that higher education is a privilege, not a right.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
Citing Jack Donnelly's definition of human rights, this paper argues that receiving a higher education is a privilege, not a human right and that not everyone is suited to the rigors of a post-secondary education.
From the Paper
"Donnelly defines human rights as both natural and inalienable, which is to say that these are rights that cannot be bestowed, granted, limited, bartered or sold. Human rights are said to be those rights necessary for freedom and for the maintenance of a reasonable equality of life. The essay presented here defends the claim that higher education is a privilege and not a right. Several reasons can be offered in defense of the claim that higher education is a..."
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