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Government, Human Development and Democracy, 2008.
This extensive paper is a research study asking if a democratic systems of governance remain the most ideal form of government to effectively achieve a state's developmental aims.
7,165 words (approx. 28.7 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 159.95
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Abstract
This paper investigates the connection between the types or forms of government and their performance in terms of the human development index (HDI), which is a more reliable measurement of development as a referent of its effect and contribution to the human person. The author argues that democratic forms of government are better able to provide for the advancement of human development because they allow for more meaningful public participation. The paper indicates that more than 60% of all dominant-assembly-oriented types (mostly referred to as parliamentary systems of government) and 20% of accountable-executive-oriented (mostly referred to as presidential systems) fall within categories regarded as "high human development" and roughly 24 percent of the former and 57% of the latter countries are within the "medium human development" category.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Related Literature
Structures of Government
Table. Riggs's Classification of Polity's (Political Systems)
Democracy and Development
Human Development
Classification of Forms of Government
Table. Classification of Forms of Government Used in the Paper
Human Development Index and Forms of Government
Table. High Human Development
Table. Medium Human Development
Table. Low Human Development
Distribution of Each Governmental Type across HD Levels
Table. Distribution of Each Type of Governmental Form across HD Levels
Table. HDI by Designated Regions and Clusters
Conclusion: Democracy for Human Development
From the Paper
"There are governments as well, which may have plurality in terms of decision-making but it is dispersed among a few like-minded individuals advancing a common cause and not allowing for existence of competing groups or parties. This characterizes the third type of governmental system which still greatly persists in the present era--the ruling-party oriented type (Type 3). Theocratic governments are sub-classified under this since theocratic governments whether multi-party or not, allow a rather very little room for ideological dissent and since their main goals are to conservatively advance a particular religion and way of life and sometimes at the expense of political rights and civil liberties."
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E-Government and Strategic Human Resources, 2008.
This paper describes e-government or e-governance and its relationship to the management of strategic human resources in the twenty-first century.
1,430 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper states that it is essential that human resources fund and train personnel and staff to exploit the latest Internet technology to the fullest extent possible because e-governance is becoming one of the major public-sector phenomena of the twenty-first century. The author points out that today's centralized governments are in retreat, as members of the public are savvier and temporal demands are more acute. The paper relates that the utilization of e-governance must be a priority of governments and of strategic human resources that seek to protect the state from appearing inflexible, unresponsive or even anachronistic. The author emphasizes that the ability of the state to "spin" its own message to suit its own needs is greatly enhanced by e-government. The paper asserts that e-governance affords people the opportunity to engage in online transactions that are much faster than traditional "bricks-and-mortar" transactions. In addition to the sources used by the paper, the paper also includes an annotated bibliography of five more sources.
From the Paper
"In a matter related to much of what has been stated above, e-governance allows governments to distribute their message to the masses in a fashion that far exceeds - for speed and convenience, certainly - the manner in which it can be transmitted via other media. Specifically, interactive government web sites can be accessed by members of the public at any time and almost anywhere - as long as an internet hook-up is in place. Because of this, citizens wishing to voice their displeasure (or support) of a government measure do not have endure the tedium of calling into a government ministry or the uncertainty that always seems to accompany penning a letter to government officials and then wondering if it ever arrived. As well, for individuals who are removed from their television sets or who do not have ready access to the local newspaper, an interactive internet site can be a fast way of learning more about something that may very well impact their lives or the lives of others they care about. Finally, because a government web site is not medi
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Marxism and Developing Democracy, 2002.
Examines the effect Marxism has on countries struggling to develop a system of democracy.
1,055 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The hypothesis tested in this report proposes that Marxist ideology is the best explanation of why communist countries have experienced difficulties in developing democracy. This statement does not reflect an established fact, but rather presupposes that a prolonged period of communist government undertaken within the framework of Marxist thought and economic concepts makes it extremely difficult for a country turning toward a free market economic system or a democratic political system to succeed in such a transition. This hypothesis is tested with respect to Poland, China, and Russia.
From the Paper
"In the case of Russia, Boris Yeltsin and others supporting democracy crushed the totalitarian Soviet system, gave Russians the freedom to speak out and travel, and allowed the other former Soviet republics to separate from Russia peacefully (Kranz, 2000). However, perhaps because of the persistence of Marxist ideology and pro-communist political groups, Yeltsin failed to create a genuine democracy or a genuine market economy. At the same time, the recent free elections held in Russia suggest that despite persistent communist organization and opposition, and a history of authoritarian governments in Russia, a democratically elected successor to Yeltsin, Vladirmir Putin, could be placed in power (Cohen, 2000)."
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Human Nature and Government, 2002.
A philosophical overview of the effect human nature on government organization.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the reality of certain problems for the institution and organization of government created by limitations in human nature. In this paper we look at Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Alexander Hamilton's ideas that resolved this problem in a persuasive manner.
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Reshaping Sovereignty: Democracy and Respect for Human Rights, 2005.
Examines the impact that democracy and respect for human rights are having upon the principle of sovereignty on which international relations is based.
4,974 words (approx. 19.9 pages), 30 sources, MLA, $ 126.95
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Abstract
The influence of democracy and respect for human rights on sovereignty is analyzed by their status as international norms, their roles in the recognition of new states and their impact in regards to interventionary practices. Specific and extensive examples are used in each of these dimensions of the analysis. Case studies referred to include Somalia, Sierra Leone, Rwanda, Nagorno-Karabakh, Bosnia, Croatia, Macedonia, Afghanistan, Haiti and East Timor.
Paper Outline:
Democracy
Democracy as an International Norm
Democracy and the Recognition of New States
Democracy and Intervention
Democracy Conclusion
Human Rights
Respect for Human Rights as an International Norm
Respect for Human Rights in the Recognition of New States
Humanitarian Intervention
Human Rights Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Montevideo Convention on the Rights and Duties of States, signed in December of 1933, established the criteria that a state must meet as a person of international law: a permanent population; a defined territory; a government; and the capacity to enter into relations with other states. These criteria entail two aspects of sovereignty: an internal one referring to a government's authority over a defined territory and the population within, and an external dimension referring to a state's recognition by other states. Since 1933, however, the international system has undergone many changes: WWII, the rise of the United States, the creation of the United Nations, decolonization, the Cold War, the fall of the Soviet Union, the growth of democracy, the birth of the European Union, and the emergence of an active international community."
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Democracy and Development in Emerging Countries, 2008.
A detailed scenario of the economic position in developing countries and the needs and means to address the problems there and rectify them.
1,012 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper refers specifically to the Petan region of Guatemala and generally to the necessity of instituting economic development programs world wide, due to the inter relationship and dependency of countries on each other. This applies amongst other programs particularly to social, economic and political reform.
Outline:
Introduction
Access and control
Accumulation
Marginalization and dispossession
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Historically sparsely populated and with industries limited to slash and burn agriculture, the current interest in the region is challenging how the area can be effectively and responsibly used to jumpstart economic development in the region. The development however has also created social, political and economic conflict. The issues have ranged from delegitimation of land tenure, economic exploitation and the increase in incidence of crime including delinquency and drug trafficking. More importantly, efforts to control deforestation and land use have been severely criticized; leading to concerns not only for the ecological health of the Peten region but also is social and cultural value to Guatemalans.
In an assessment by Bernal and associates, there is an impression that developing industries are exploiting natural resources by companies who have advantages in terms of technology and capital. Though the movement has made efforts equalize access to land and resources but the industrial and social capacity of local interest groups are often considered insufficient to effectively utilize property or resources (Smith 211-214). Consequently, there is limited confidence in programs and social support or participation which in turn has impaired the effectivity of efforts to create social concern and significance for ecological issues "
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Democracy and Economic Development in Central America, 2002.
This research paper discusses the Central American nations and the current economic and political conditions impacting prospects for improving their economies and achieving or maintaining democratic reform initiatives into the new century.
2,265 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
The following paper discusses the historical facts pertaining to the economic development of Central America. It also examines the unfolding of events and regional and global environmental factors and provides a qualitative analysis to support the central thesis that forward movement can be sustained.
From the Paper
?Central America is an area undergoing a huge transformation as it enters the 21st century, integrating the economic social, political and cultural changes associated with its goal of incorporation into the global economy and international political society. The old authoritarian regimes have crumbled through transitions to democratic government, and leftist movements of the 1980s have been defeated or transformed. Political and economic changes are apparent throughout in Central America. Facilitated by the proactive opening to the global economy and export-led development (ELD) strategy, maquiladora production (particularly of garments), tourism, nontraditional agricultural exports, and money sent home from emigrant workers have risen dramatically in importance, changing the society and economy of the region from a traditional agricultural base to include and embrace the channels of global production and distribution. This has caused the emphasis to shift from farming, cottage industries of artisans, regionally-focused small industry, and other traditional classes to the new economic activities, creating new urban and rural working classes, and a new class of labor (Robinson, 1998).?
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E-Government: Digital Democracy, 2000.
A discussion about what e-government is and its effectiveness.
6,488 words (approx. 26.0 pages), 27 sources, $ 149.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on Government to Citizen (G2C) transactions mainly in the US. These include citizens? services and digital democracy. The concept of electronic government is to provide services and information to citizens electronically, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. As the demand for electronic services increases, governments are challenged to provide these services to citizens. Digital democracy may be defined as any electronic exchange of value in the democratic process. The spectrum includes Online Campaigns, Internet Voting, and Constituency Participation.
What is e-government?
Citizens Services
Digital Democracy
Political Online Campaigning
Disadvantages of Web advertising
Online Fund Raising
Internet Voting
On-line Voting Initiatives
Why Internet voting?
Requirements of an Internet voting system
Security Problems meeting requirements of an Internet voting system
Implementation Problems
Vision
The Impact of the Internet on Democracy
Direct Democracy
Representative Democracy
Digital Divide
Conclusion ? The year 2005
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Government and Democracy, 2008.
This paper explores whether the rule of law limits or enhances democracy, specifically in reference to the United Kingdom.
2,716 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
The paper examines what a democracy is in order to determine whether the UK's democratic government is capable of endorsing the rule of law. The paper then considers the ways in which the deliberative model of democracy may benefit the citizen, while also taking a realistic, critical approach of why this theory may not succeed using Joseph Schumpeter's market theory of democracy as a main source. Finally, the paper determines whether the rule of law does in fact limit or enhance the UK's democracy and argues that the rule of law is limiting democratic rule.
Outline:
Introduction
What Comprises a Democracy
Models of Democracy Disputed
The Relevance of the Rule of Law within a Democracy
Conclusion:
From the Paper
"The importance of understanding what form legitimate government should take is, according to Lock and Hobbes, in order to realise the "conditions for security, peace and freedom." ("Held 78) Although the concept of democracy has existed for thousands of years it has only recently reasserted itself within the United Kingdom's contemporary governmental domain. During the fifteenth to the eighteenth century "two different forms of political regime were dominant in Europe: 'the absolute' monarchies of France, Prussia, Austria...and the 'constitutional' monarchies and republics of England." (Held 70) Paradoxically, from this absolutist regime emerged a democratic government since "as the state's administrative centres became more powerful...the increase in administrative power increased the state's dependence on cooperative forms and social relations". (Held72) This founding of democracy legitimizes Locke's concern that the democratic government is egoistic because the concentration of power is focused more on the state than the citizen."
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Latin American Government: From Dictators to Democracy, 2002.
This paper discusses Latin American governments in the context of history and examines how and why authoritarian governments developed.
2,350 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
The following paper examines the factors that contributed to socio-economic problems in Latin America in the past , as well as looks at the sustainability of democracy in Latin America. This paper discusses the significant socio-economic difficulties based upon the faltering economies of larger trading partners, income inequality, political polarization and corruption. The writer examines how in the past dictators cared more for maintaining their own power and the privilege of their own supporters than they did for the welfare of their people and countries. The writer argues that the success and continuation of democracy depends on the patience of the people to see the long-term results of regional initiatives. This paper contends that if people support the type of government that promotes the satisfaction of the most basic of needs, well-fed and employed people will not initiate revolutions.
From the Paper
?Going into the new millennium, Latin America seems to be poised for active participation as a part of an increasingly global social and economic environment, perhaps more than other developing regions. According to the current Bush Administration, it is virtually all democratic, there are no cross-border disputes, no ethnic conflicts, and there are no immediate threats of terrorism to the West coming from the area (Associated Press, 2002).Security cooperation has been shown in confidence-building measures among historical rivals in the region and peacekeeping operations in Central America and the Caribbean. Terms such as multilateralism, regionalism, consensus, and convergence appear in descriptions of hemispheric relations released by the World Bank and other entities sharing a belief in the positive potential of these factors.?
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Presidential Democracy vs. Other Forms of Government, 2000.
A discussion about which political system is the best.
2,014 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 1 source, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the advantages of a presidential democracy over other forms of government such as a parliamentary democracy or authoritarian government.
From the Paper
"Because we live in a democracy (specifically, a presidential democracy) we see the flaws in other forms of government. We know that there are certain rights that should be guaranteed and protected by the government and most Americans view democracy as the best political system in existence. However, if we were living in a country that was relatively economically backward and had a different type of political culture, we might not consider democracy the best system to govern the people. When debating which system is the ideal one for country, tradeoffs are involved. Sacrifices must be made to formulate the best governmental situation. "
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Can the Public Govern in a Democracy?, 2007.
This paper explores whether or not the general public is capable and qualified to govern in a participatory democracy.
5,970 words (approx. 23.9 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 142.95
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Abstract
The paper provides an overview of scholarly research on the debate of whether the public is qualified to govern. The paper focuses on four main areas concerning whether the public is capable of governing. These are (1) a lack of political knowledge by the general population; (2) response instability, lack of a coherent ideology and quality of public opinion; (3) individuals governing as a collective unit; and (4) the political environment and citizen competence.
Outline:
Lack of Political Knowledge
Response Instability, Lack of a Coherent Ideology and Quality of Public Opinion
Can the Collective Public Govern?
The Political Environment and Citizen Competence
From the Paper
"Public opinion claims to be the voice of the people, a clear and direct utterance from the citizenry. It is indispensable to the legitimacy of all governments which claim to draw their power from the "consent of the governed," and the very idea of democracy requires the people to take part in political discussion and decision making. In theory, a democracy works best when the people actively attend to public affairs, with their opinions soundly reasoned and logically consistent. However, there is a tension at the core of self-rule and public opinion. On one hand lies the theoretical ideal to be played by the citizenry, and on the other, the reality that the public does not match up to these ideals. Therefore, in a governmental system founded on the principle of "rule by the people," the question is: are the people capable of governing in a participatory democracy?"
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Krutch's "Human Nature and the Human Condition", 2005.
An overview of Joseph Wood Krutch's "Human Nature and the Human Condition"
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 119.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a review of Joseph Wood Krutch's "Human Nature and the Human Condition". The paper discusses the author's main themes, provides a summary of the work, and addresses the strengths and weaknesses of the collection of essays as a whole.
From the Paper
"Throughout history human beings have attempted to produce theories of knowledge and learning. Some of the most basic questions such theories have attempted to answer concern what knowledge is, where knowledge comes from and how we know what is true. Plato theorized that only things that do not change, that are immutable can be known. Limitations of the human senses and perception have always played into theories on knowing. So too has human capacity for ration and more..."
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Human rights vs. Human Nature, 2006.
A discussion regarding the justification of war and the issue of human rights versus human nature.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 10 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the question of justifying military intervention on the basis of protection of human rights, pointing out that such a question requires a prior assumption. The paper clarifies this assumption to be that countries are capable of benevolent, disinterested altruism. History refutes this assumption. The paper further discusses how individuals and groups within a country may very well have the best intentions to bring relief to the suffering citizens of a brutal dictatorship or civil war; but countless examples, from Vietnam, to Latin America, to Rwanda, to present day Iraq, show a road to hell paved with such good intentions. The political and military forces involved in such maneuvers, by their very nature, preclude truly altruistic actions.
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Human Rights And Human Trafficking, 2006.
A discussion on human trafficking and the international response to the problem.
5,084 words (approx. 20.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 127.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how human trafficking has increasingly become a problem for many countries throughout the world, with people being taken from their families, homes and communities and ensnared in a life of servitude to others in a strange and foreign country. The paper focuses on the question of whether there is enough being done to combat the increasing problem of human trafficking. The paper examines the international community's response to the problem. The paper details various countries and communities and how they have been effected by human trafficking.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Overview Of Human Trafficking Throughout The World
Haiti
Honduras
Hong Kong
India
Bulgaria
The Netherlands
Pakistan
Russia
Uganda
Poland - The Press And The Perspective In Media
Mexico - 20,000 Child Victims
Mongolia - 200 Mongolian Children Exploited As Prostitutes
Other Countries
What Is Being Done To Combat This Problem?
Bibliography
From the Paper
"According to a separate report, "Migrant trafficking and smuggling has become a global business generating huge profits for traffickers and organized crime syndicates." (Counter-Trafficking, 2006) In fact in a study conducted by IOM reports "...an estimated 15 to 30 million irregular migrants worldwide." (Counter-Trafficking, 2006) Sadly a report of the U.S. Department of Justice states that an estimated "...700,000 women and children are trafficked yearly across borders." (Counter-Trafficking, 2006) The reason stated that so many of these migrants go unreported is due to the inherent "...clandestine nature..." involved in so many of the lives and migration of these individuals."
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