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Gore Vidal?s ?Perpetual War for Perpetual Peace?, 2004. Summary and review of the main points in Gore Vidal's book, "Perpetual War for Perpetual Peace". 830 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 29.95 »
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Abstract This paper expounds on the theme expressed in Gore Vidal's book on American foreign policy, which suggests that the attacks of September 11 and the bombing of the federal building in Oklahoma City are not actions of simple ?evil- doers?, but follow a more complex and more difficult-to-grasp pattern, which cannot simply be catalogued as 'evil doings'.
From the Paper "Anti- Americanism, non- patriotism, pertinent observations, anti- Bushism, opinions? Strangely enough, depending on the point of view we choose to adopt and the perspective wherefrom we wish to judge his collection of essays, all of the above seem appropriate descriptions for Gore Vidal?s book, ?Perpetual War for Perpetual Peace?."
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Eugene Gore Vidal, 2005. A biography of the life and career of the writer Eugene Gore Vidal. 1,876 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 60.95 »
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Abstract This paper looks at Eugene Gore Vidal, a novelist, essayist, playwright, and sort of a rebel whose career has spanned about sixty years. He started writing right after World War II and his career continued into the early twenty-first century. It discusses how in addition to a major sequence of seven satirical novels about American history he has written dozens of television plays, film scripts, and even three mystery novels written under the fake name Edgar Box.
Outline
Literary History
Interpretive Essay
Articles of Criticism
From the Paper "Vidal has written three kinds of novels. Early in his career, he mostly wrote what can best be called contemporary dramas, telling stories of people from various branches of American society: A soldier in World War II, a young stock broker on Wall Street, the embittered son of a privileged family, a young adventurer in strife-torn Central America. In 1964, with the publication of Julian, he introduced himself as a historical novelist and eventually he wrote a series of seven novels examining the history of America from the Revolutionary War to the present. Vidal writes novels that he calls "inventions," a genre that others authors have called post-modern fiction. "
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"Sex Is Politics" ( Gore Vidal ), 1999. Critiques this essay's argument that politicians use sexual issues as "hot buttons" to control electoral behavior. 1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, $ 39.95 »
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From the Paper "Gore Vidal, in the essay "Sex is Politics," from his book The Second American Revolution, argues that sex ultimately boils down to politics. While it is certainly true that much of sex is politics, there are some forms of sex and sexuality that are not political at all. Vidal fails to recognize this.
When Vidal argues that "sex is politics," he means that politicians use sexual issues and sexual "hot buttons" (153) as a means to control the behavior of the people. Vidal is arguing that the order of the society and the functioning and growth of the economy depend on a certain set of behaviors from the people. That behavior is based on a patriarchal, heterosexual, child-bearing, family-based system which produces obedient hard-working citizens who will be less likely to act in a way which will threaten the society or the economy or their own family life..."
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Kant's "Perpetual Peace", 2004. This paper discusses Kant's "Perpetual Peace" and war. 1,135 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 39.95 »
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Abstract This paper explains that Kant states that a republican constitution, which by definition must be representative of a republic and the people existing within, must ultimately be concerned with the concept of perpetual peace; and, when a republican constitution is utilized, it must follow that, in order for war to be declared, the citizens of a nation must consent to this war. The author points out that Kant also argues in this passage however that the ?ultimate evil? of war is that it may not allow for peace at any point, because further war is spurned as a result of the debt that is often incurred from the act of war itself. The author believes that Kant?s argument should have been that the adoption of a republican constitution facilitates more motivation and tendency within a country toward perpetual peace and makes it more difficult to engage in war on a continuous basis without direct approval of the citizenry.
From the Paper "The non-republican constitution thus thwarts all efforts toward perpetual peace. Perhaps here Kant is observing the frequency of war that is declared in nations and countries ruled by someone considered the nations ?owner?. True, in the sense that some countries are seen in a state of perpetual war rather than in a state of peace. However, even within countries that abide by a republican constitution, perpetual peace is hardly realized. The argument that such a constitution provides for peace is faulty. Even if the citizens of such a nation object to war, there is possibility in some situations that they will find themselves in the throes of war regardless."
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"Perpetual Peace", 2002. This paper examines Immanuel Kant's "Perpetual Peace". 2,270 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 70.95 »
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Abstract This paper summarizes Kant?s ?Perpetual Peace?, which argues the accomodation of morality within political decision-making. A discussion of how through his work, Kant suggested various methods to handle international politics and relations. The author identifies the realist and liberal aspects of Kant's work and discusses the compatibility of Kant?s ideas with classical realism.
From the Paper "He maintains that a modern political state with established democracies cannot and should not work on power arrangements and strategies alone. As a moralist, Kant believes that politics should not be a function of material self-interest where the most consuming thought is to gain one?s way at the expense of morals and in the end, peace. Instead, Kant suggests that there should be a limit to what politics should be allowed to do. This is applicable through a morally aware politician ?who so interprets the principles of political prudence that they can be coherent with morality" (Kant, 1998) thus maintaining the ?limiting condition of politics? (Kant, 1998)."
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Perpetual Peace, 2004. This paper examines the the book "Frankenstein" by Mary Shelley that is a study on the text "Perpetual Peace" by Kant. 904 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 31.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses how the book "Frankenstein," by Mary Shelley relates to the cosmopolitan ideal that Kant articulates in his text "Perpetual Peace."
From the Paper "The perpetual peace that Kant envisions in his essay can be interpreted as an ideal form of geopolitical organization. In Section II of the essay Kant insists that the law of nations will be an attribute of a federation of free states. All of these states will be republican rather than monarchical, governed by the rule of law rather than factional strength and or despotism and mediated by a super sovereign league of peace to see that nations adjust themselves to the constraints of public law."
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Kant?s Perpetual Peace, 2004. An overview of philosopher Immanuel Kant's essay on perpetual peace. 1,175 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 40.95 »
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Abstract Kant is a philosopher usually associated with the humanistic viewpoint and, on occasion, as a commentator on political organization. In his essay on perpetual peace, Kant is speaking of the political form of government he calls a ?republican constitution?. The paper shows that the three main ingredients to his argument could be said to be citizens, rulers, and a ?diplomatic corps?. The republican constitution is said to have citizens, including the ruler, who have a voice in the governing of that community. The paper explains that the non-republican government consists of a single ruler, subjects rather than citizens, and the necessary bureaucracy or ?diplomatic corps?. The subject of Kant's essay, therefore, is the process of decision making in declaring war.
From the Paper "From Kant?s perspective, war is reduced to its simplest form in the consideration of social perception and, or, the absence of a collective need. He does not take into account that many of the world's most devastating conflicts have involved cycles of oppression, victimization and revenge. These are the reasonings of an individual that are then attributed to a state or philosophical view of government. For instance, imperialism is an act of war (oppression) that is derived from the individual?s sense of greed and escalates into a nation state?s policy of expansionism."
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Obnoxious Negative Peace or Substantive and Positive Peace, 2005. A look at two different perspectives of peace as understood and expressed by Martin Luther King. 675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses obnoxious negative peace and substantive positive peace. These terms are found in a letter by Martin Luther King, Jr. expressing his opinion on direct action. Martin Luther King believed it was important to fight for substantive and positive peace for African Americans and it is important for Americans to continue to fight the battle for substantive and positive peace not only in America but throughout the world.
From the Paper "Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere" (King 1963). What does this quotation mean? What is the difference obnoxious negative peace and substantive and positive peace? Why are these important today? These were important terms for Martin Luther King and they are important terms today. Martin Luther King believed that whatever affects one person actually affects every one else (King 1963). Many people living during the lifetime of Martin Luther King was willing to close their eyes to the violence and terrorism happening to African Americans. They believed that African Americans were wrong in taking a stand toward wanting their independence. Martin Luther King believed it was important to fight for substantive and positive peace for African Americans and it is important for Americans to continue to fight the battle for substantive and positive peace not only in America but throughout the world."
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WL Gore and Gore-Tex, 2007. An analysis of the effect of corporate culture and structure on the success of a business, focusing on WL Gore. 1,410 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 46.95 »
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Abstract The paper explores how, due to the extremely competitive modern business environment, every effort must be made by firms to be as profitable and productive as possible, which also includes the careful allocation and preservation of what can arguably be an organization's most valuable asset-its employees. The paper discusses a successful organization, WL Gore, and the question of whether or not the culture and structure of the organization has contributed to its success. The paper determines the effect that corporate culture and structure has on an organization.
Outline:
Abstract
An Introduction to WL Gore
The Winning Culture at WL Gore
Corporate Culture and Structure Beyond Gore
Successful Culture in One Word
From the Paper "If the embodiment of successful and profitable corporate culture could be summarized in one word, that word would be change (Sorensen, 2002). This is not to suggest that an organization needs to keep changing just for the sake of changing to become or remain viable. Rather, what this means is that positive change for the better should be viewed as an opportunity for improvement rather than a burden or obstacle, and that the members of the staff must be open to change, receptive to change, and encouraged to make suggestions and recommendations that could lead to meaningful change. In the case of Gore, of course, the actual staff members in given positions remain constant 95% of the time based on their own statistics, but the firm continues to reinvent itself and stay competitive in rough business waters."
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The Peace Paradigm, 2004. A discussion of the peace paradigm and its approach to obtaining peace. 4,520 words (approx. 18.1 pages), 27 sources, APA, $ 135.95 »
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Abstract This paper discusses the peace paradigm in terms of realism, power, conflict resolution, and social change. The paper explains the role of a paradigm, outlines the peace paradigm strategies used to obtain peace and presents a definition of power. Gives specific examples.
From the Paper "One of the approaches to the peace paradigm is through the study of the role played in obtaining peace through the exercise of power and coercive tactics. According to Lynn-Jones realism is usually regarded as a dominant and somewhat monolithic approach in the study of international relations. Within the realist approach there are divisions between offensive and defensive realism. Offensive realists argue that the international system tends to foster conflict and aggression, that security is scarce and international competition and war..."
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Poetry of Peace and Pain, 2001. A look at the writing of poetry as a way of turning pain into peace and hope. 700 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 0 sources, $ 24.95 »
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Abstract This essay looks at people who have turned trauma and pain into a positive experience. It discusses the work of Mairead Corrigan Maguire who organised peaceful demonstrations in N.Ireland, wrote poetry that inspired millions and through her efforts to develop a "politics of mercy and forgiveness," won a Nobel Peace prize. The author goes on to discuss the wording of Martin Jordan?s poem ?The changes in our lives?.
From the paper:
" Everyone wants peace in his or her everyday live. Sometimes peace is hard to come by for some people. However, Some individuals react to their pain in a positive way. For example, Irish writers Mairead Maguire and Martin Jordan write poetry about peace due the tragedies for the world and in their lives. So, in Misread Maguire?s ?The Vision of Peace? and Martin Jordan?s ?the changes in our lives? the main goal is to remind everyone that there should be peace all over of the world despite all of the pain we encounter."
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Woodrow Wilson?s 14 Points and the Women's Peace Movement, 2003. A comparative analysis of the principles of Woodrow Wilson's 14 Points and the resolutions of the Women?s Peace Movement. 1,047 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 36.95 »
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Abstract The paper discusses how, in 1915, The Hague convention represented women from 22 different countries with the main focus of achieving peace. It examines how this process for peace was deemed feasible by a series of resolutions established by the Women?s Peace Congress and how these resolutions focused on many key ideas that the Women?s Peace Congress believed could create world peace. It demonstrates the irony of President Woodrow Wilson's refusal to lead the international mediation and how many of the principles established at the Women?s Peace Congress in The Hague, were echoed with the publication of Woodrow Wilson?s 14 Points, which earned him much international praise, three years later.
From the Paper "The principle for autonomy of nations is demonstrated in both the 14 points and the Resolutions adopted at Hague as well. The Women?s Peace Congress was much broader as they simply stated, ?autonomy and a democratic parliament should not be refused to any people (Addams, 3).? Wilson singled out the exact countries, ?the other nationalities which are now under Turkish rule should be assured an undoubted security of life and an absolutely unmolested opportunity of autonomous development.? Wilson also requested the autonomy of the peoples of Austria Hungary, Rumania, Serbia, Montenegro, and Poland. The Women?s Peace Congress simply expressed the belief that countries should be allowed autonomy, while Wilson?s 14 Points rather put them into play in the specific nations that he felt were most important."
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UN and Peace Maintenance, 2005. Questions whether the UN has been successful in establishing and maintaining international peace and security. Uses examples of Rwanda and Iraq. 3,254 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 0 sources, APA, $ 93.95 »
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Abstract The writer of this paper argues that the United Nations, although having achieved minor accomplishments in the area of maintenance of peace and security, can, generally speaking, not be considered a successful international organization. Instead, the United Nations has failed on a number of times throughout the past to maintain international peace and security. These failures were in situations where peace and security were reasonable outcomes. So, therefore, the UN is obviously not working to the best of its ability. To argue this point, the paper begins with an extensive analysis of the United Nations and its failures in the maintenance of international peace and security through two specific case studies, Rwanda, and most recently, Iraq. It then discusses the limited successes of the UN and examines the possible reasons for its overall failure to address the maintenance of international peace and security adequately and consistently. Finally, the writer briefly proposes possible reforms that the UN could adopt in order for the organization to operate more effectively in the international environment.
From the Paper "The UN has many areas in which it could improve through reform. Due to the limited word count, I have chosen to not discuss this topic in too much depth. The areas of reform seem obvious from the problems I have mentioned previously. For the UN to succeed, the world community must match the demands made on the organisation by the resources given to it . Strong and sustained political support from Member States , rapid deployments of all peacekeeping and peacemaking troops with a robust force posture and sound peace-building strategies are all necessary in improving the UN. There have been a number of attempts at addressing the issue of reform. These include the Brahimi report, which was commissioned by the UN Secretary General to address the past weaknesses and failures of the UN with regard to peace and security and An Agenda for Peace, written by Boutros Boutros Ghali, the former Secretary General. Both reports recognised problems with the UN?s capacity to maintain world peace but many of the recommendations that were suggested were not implemented. In order for the UN to be successful in maintaining international peace and security, reforms have to not only be recognised, but also implemented."
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Training for Peace Keeping, 2008. A look at some of the training required to undertake peace and humanitarian operations. 3,695 words (approx. 14.8 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 102.95 »
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Abstract Terrorism has become embedded in almost everyone's vocabulary, it is one of those terms, that not everyone knows what it means, but it seems to be surrounded with negative connotations. However, it is not surprising that terrorism is sometimes abetted with state sponsorship and is supported by many governments whether intrinsically or extrinsically. As such international peace-keeping efforts have to change focus and address these internal dynamics. This paper explores some of the necessary mandates that are needed by personnel dealing with these issues.
Outline
Abstract
Introduction
Basic Communication, Conflict Resolution, & Negotiation
Communication: The Essential Element of a Successful Training Program in a Peace-Keeping Environment
Conflict Resolution & Negotiation in a Peace Keeping Environment
Techniques of Motivation in a Diverse Peace-Keeping Environment
Individual Decision-Making and Group Behavior
Leadership Training For Supervisors in these Organizations
Conclusion
From the Paper "Conflict resolution and peace keeping has been an issue of controversy for many years. However, with the proper training mechanism and structure, then peace and humanitarian operations can be the champions of a successful organizational initiative. It is therefore imperative that there be a comprehensive discourse embedded in the training structure for these operations that can analyze elements of the foreign conflict resolution and negotiation strategies. The connection between an effective training program or structure with the overall success of conflict resolution and negotiations will depend primarily on how well the program identifies the necessary political, economic, and cultural realms that have been affected by the dimensions of the operations. Overall, it is clear that conflict resolution and negotiation policy training is reactive and preventative, since it would be devised to counter, and to prohibit actions that were seen as harmful to the peace initiatives."
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Middle East Peace, 2006. This in-depth paper examines the Israeli - Palestinian conflict and the struggle of both nations to obtain a lasting and true peace. 4,700 words (approx. 18.8 pages), 24 sources, MLA, $ 121.95 »
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Abstract This paper details the long and complex history of both the Palestinian and Israeli nations and the push for peace that was prompted largely by the desire of all nations involved in the process to end the wars that have plagued the Middle East since Israel's inception in 1948. This paper contains historic information on both countries as well as America's constant involvement in pushing for a true and lasting peace between Israel and Palestine.
Topics covered in this report include:
A Brief History
Peace in the 1990s
Bibliography
From the Paper "The Palestinians, previously subjects of the Ottoman Empire, were faced with a crisis of identity. They had never before considered themselves "Palestinians" in a national sense, but the massive influx of Jewish settlers and the declaration of Zionist intentions to establish statehood provoked the formation of a somewhat frail Palestinian community whose identity was centered on geographical as well as cultural similarities. This community was fractured by political infighting and the distribution of its citizens in a rural context."
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