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GM Foods: A Right to Know, 2005.
Reviews the argument surrounding the labelling of genetically modified (GM) foods.
2,096 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that, although science has not established that genetically modified foods are dangerous and carry a health risk, they should be labeled because they may contain ingredients that cause allergies. It explains that consumer laws state that people have a right to information regarding the products they purchase; not informing consumers deprives them of their right to free choice.
From the Paper
"People are worried about the food they eat, the water they drink and the air they breathe. They have a right to be as in recent years, it seems to observers, that the rates of diseases such as cancer have increased tremendously and that new diseases, previously unheard of, such as Mad Cow and Sars, are threatening lives and health. It may be that people are healthier now than they ever previously were but, many do not think so and are very anxious about the spread of these deadly diseases. More importantly, many assume that these diseases are spread through the food that we eat. Needless to say, this has created greater consumer interest in the types of food purchased and consumed. Much of this interest is focused on genetically modified foods. Genetic modification according to Mark Tester, a professor of plant sciences at Cambridge University, is the heritable alteration of genes. The definition provided offers a very good clue why people fear GM foods and believe that they have harmful effects on the health. Quite simply stated, they are not natural foods but foods that have been created through human sciences that changed the biological make up of these foods. Some, including scientists, insist that these foods are safe. Dan Ferber, a science writer, insists on the safety of GM foods, further arguing that the current genetically modified foods are nothing more than an advance on techniques of improving crops and crop types that have existed and been practices over the centuries (1663-1664)."
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Genetically Engineered Foods, 2002.
Discusses the dangers of using genetically modified (GM) foods.
2,315 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
Despite only being around for the last ten years, genetically engineered crops account for more than two-thirds of all crops in the United States. This paper provides a brief explanation of what GM foods are. It then discusses the reason GM foods have become so popular is so short a time, the main reason being the monetary value linked to patenting GM crops. Finally, the paper discusses the adverse effects of using GM foods, including the fact that the U.S. government does not fund any research into the health effects of GM food.
From the Paper
"The Nobel Prize-winning chemist Robert F. Curl proclaimed the 20th century was ?the century of physics and chemistry, but it is clear that the next century will be the century of biology? (Rifkin). Welcome to the age of biotechnology and genetic engineering. From cloning, to synthesized human insulin, to industrial alcohols like ethanol and methane, genetic engineering can already be seen in many aspects of life (Moody). It has especially made a huge impact on this food industry in the form of genetically modified crops. Despite only being around for the last ten years, genetically engineered crops account for more than two-thirds of all crops in the United States. This includes 60% of cotton crops, 63% of soybeans, and over 65% of corn (Moody). These numbers are staggering considering the time they have been around, and the sparse research done on their effects."
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Genetically Modified Foods in Africa, 2004.
This paper discusses the debate surrounding the use of genetically modified (GM) foods as food aid to African countries.
1,955 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the debate over African nations refusing U.S. GM food aid encompasses a much larger scope than the Western debate over GM foods. The author points out that, not only must African nations consider the same human health and environmental implications of GM food as their Western counterparts, but also African countries must negotiate a minefield of political and economic concerns unique to the region. The paper states that the debate surrounding GM foods in Africa must take into consideration some uniquely African problems, including Africa's desperate need to feed its large population and the relative poverty of the African nations.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Background to Genetically Modified Foods and Food Aid
Arguments Supporting Genetically Modified Foods
Arguments against Genetically Modified Foods
The Pros and Cons of Genetically Modified Food Aid
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Later reports noted that Zambia's decision was influenced strongly by the UK-based BMA's fears about the spread of antibiotic resistance genes in FM foods to bacteria, and the potential for GM foods to cause allergies. Supporters of GM foods argue that the Zambia's decision was based on bad advice from the BMA. For example, the South African head of AfricaBio notes, "The American Medical Association backs GM food, as does the Royal Society in Britain, the Third World Academy of Sciences and the Food and Agriculture Organization". "
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Genetically Modified Food, 2004.
This paper is an extensive discussion of genetic modification (GM) of food, also known as genetic engineering, genetic manipulation, gene technology, and recombinant DNA technology, which is the most recent application of biotechnology to food.
8,045 words (approx. 32.2 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 173.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, for many centuries, farmers fought pests using everything from usual plant-breeding techniques to chemicals, such as pesticides and herbicides; but, as new chemical treatments increased health and environmental concerns, gene modification became the agro-scientists? tool for advancing molecular biology. The author points out that over 40 plant varieties have completed all of the federal requirements for commercialization as per the FDA and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The paper explains that, although customers in the U. S. are accepting GM foods, customers in Japan are beginning to show a strong liking for unmodified fruits and vegetables in supermarkets offering both GM foods and unmodified foods.
Table of Contents
Do We Need Genetically Modified Food?
Does the Human Race Need GM Food?
Background Information on the Types of Plant Genetic Engineering
The Worldwide Issue of GM Food, Advantages and Disadvantages
How Prevalent are GM Foods?
What Plants Are Used?
Genetic Engineering Techniques
Other Issues
How GM foods are Regulated and the Government?s Role
What Limits are Put on Farmers?
How they are Labeled for the General Public?
Ethical and Social Aspects Involved and Implications for the Third World
From the Paper
"Genetically modified foods (GM foods or GMF) provide opportunities to swiftly enhance crop nature such as yield, pest resistance, or herbicide tolerance, which is not successful with conventional methods. From the predecessor to plastics to consumable vaccines, GM crops can be molded to make completely artificial substances. The methods of modern genetics have made it probable for the direct action of the genetic makeup of organisms. Using genetic engineering, plants from wild relatives, other distantly related plants, or almost any other organism can be relocated with simple genetic qualities into the crop."
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Organic Foods and Genetically Modified Foods, 2004.
This paper discusses why organic foods are better than genetically modified ones.
904 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
The writer of this article explores why organic is better. The writer provides an analysis of organic food in comparison to genetically modified foods. This paper discusses why organic foods are better than genetically modified ones. First, this paper provides a definition of organic foods. Then, the paper discusses whether organic foods sell more than genetically modified ones and and how organic foods are sold. Finally, the paper presents an argument why organic foods are healthier and safer than genetically modified ones.
From the Paper
"When most people think of the term organic, an image of an environmentally conscious farmer plowing his field covered with long shafts of wheat swaying against the wind comes to mind. Words associated with the term organic are healthy, pesticide-free and flavorful. Like most stereotypes there is a grain of truth in the representations that people encounter on a daily basis. It is true that most organic farmers are environmentally health and socially conscious ... "
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Genetically Modified Foods, 2005.
This paper discusses the scientific and political aspects of genetically modified foods.
6,830 words (approx. 27.3 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 154.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the countries most affected by the debate surrounding genetically modified (GM) foods are Middle Eastern and Third World countries, which stand to reap the benefits of solving widespread starvation, and countries such as the United States, that are robust suppliers of GM foods. The author points out that, like all new technologies, GM pose some risks, both known and unknown; controversies surrounding GM foods and crops commonly focus on human and environmental safety, labeling and consumer choice, intellectual property rights, ethics, food security, poverty reduction and environmental conservation. The paper stresses that the likelihood that poorer countries will not be able to produce GM foods is very high because of their lack of money, resources and technology to produce them.
From the Paper
"Therefore, in addition to conserving water by improving leaf characteristics, plant roots may be genetically modified to improve water uptake from the soil. Some plants such as mesquite trees prosper in extreme deserts because their roots grow to great depths to reach underground water supplies. Water channels--that is, proteins that transport water across cell membranes--are likely key players and thus good targets for genetic modification. Drought problems cause hardship to farmers worldwide. Genetic improvement of drought tolerance of crop plants through traditional breeding or gene engineering has shown encouraging signs that plants can be genetically modified to better cope with drought."
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Globalization and the Food Industry, 2002.
This essay reviews issues such as GM foods and biotechnology as possible problems in a growing global community.
2,570 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This essay explores the results of globalization on the food industry in regards to an increasing global population. It reviews issues such as GM foods, biotechnology, and over/under consumption in analyzing how a growing global community might sustain itself in the future. Also, it discusses the cutting out of small time farmers in light of biotechnology.
The essay concludes that a reassessment of globalization needs to be done in order to sustain civilization.
From the Paper
"In a rapidly developing community such as ours, where economic growth and higher standards of living are replacing the worries of daily existence with goals of material success, our continuation in the direction of bigger and better things has never been doubted. Technology has been a major player in this trend, touching on our lives in nearly every way possible. When one reflects upon technology, one immediately thinks of cellular phones, the internet, automobiles, and various other non-essential aspects of life. While our technological evolution has been a topic of great debate, over whether such advances have led to a push towards laziness and social isolation, one must remember that technology reaches far beyond the spheres of social culture and into the realm of our basic needs as human beings. The infringement of technology on today's food production has, of late, been a rather moot subject, but is nonetheless one that must be addressed as an issue of major concern. Although globalization has often been seen as an advance for the bettering of the quality of life, this is one instance that might prove to be quite the opposite."
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Genetically Modified Food, 2004.
A discussion of the pros and cons of genetically modified (GM) food.
1,461 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the debate over producing and eating GM foods. In particular, the paper reviews the decision by the U.S. government to send GM grain, via the WFP of the UN, as part of their food aid to Africa. The paper concludes that the U.S. was not correct in their decision to send GM grain to Africa, as well as being incorrect in forcing African nations to accept the GM grain and, indeed, acted unethically through its decision to act as it did.
From the Paper
"People against GM foods argue that the use of GM crops, manufactured (and more importantly, patented) by a small number of (US-owned) firms, will lead to small farmers becoming beholden to these large firms, which will mean the death of small business, in the developing world (which we are already seeing, on a huge scale), but also in the developed world, including the US. This would be globalization wrought on an epidemic scale, and would have devastating consequences for the world economy, as the large, monopolistic, firms could charge any amount they wanted for their seed, leaving competition a thing of the past."
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Agriculture and Genetically Modified Food, 2005.
Discusses agriculture and GM food in the development of third world countries.
1,628 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
The term GM foods or GMOs (genetically-modified organisms) is used to describe agricultural crops and plants which are grown for both human and animal consumption, through the use of techniques from the science of molecular biology. This paper examines the heated debate which surrounds the topic of GM products. In many third word countries, GM products are associated more with big business and money and less with help for poverty stricken countries. The paper shows that, nevertheless, the prevalence of GM produce cultivation and usage is on the increase globally. The paper includes a graph.
From the Paper
"Despite these aspects, there is a large body of dissent and opinion against GM products in the third world and elsewhere. Much of this disagreement originates from developing counties, particularly in Africa. There are many reasons given for the opposition to GM crops. The central argument against GM products is that many feel that these foods have not been tested enough over a sufficient period of time. Many critics also see the use of GM product in third world countries as a form of experimentation. There is also a high degree of awareness throughout the word of the possible dangers of tampering with the genetic composition of foodstuffs."
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Genetically Modified Foods, 2004.
An analysis of claims made by an article about genetically modified foods.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the claims made in an article about genetically modified (GM) foods. The paper outlines the main arguments of the article, evaluates their validity and discusses the implication of the authors that GM foods are problematic.
From the Paper
"This research examines an article on the subject of genetically modified (GM) foods with a view toward identifying and analyzing the pattern of ideas in the text and its argumentative cogency. The research will present a basic outline of the article citing its main argument and evaluating its validity with reference to other contributions to the discourse of GM foods. In their severe critique of GM-foods research and development..."
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Genetically Modified Foods, 2004.
A look at the effect on the environment of growing genetically modified food.
1,376 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the author's view that scientists, in their attempts to improve the quality of plants and thereby increase the world's food supply through the growth of genetically modified (GM) foods, have the potential for creating monstrous effects in the Earth?s environment, on the internal environments of the humans, and on other creatures who eat the GM food.
From the Paper
"Teitel and Wilson mention a Dutch researcher who is attempting to breed genetically engineered plants that can produce drugs and vaccines in nectar so the drugs can be ingested by eating honey. At first glance, this looks like it might not be too bad. After all, if one goes to the local health food store and asks a knowledgeable clerk what to do for springtime allergies, her or she might well recommend eating local honey. Because local honey probably contains traces of the very pollen that?s making noses run, it is supposed to have the same effect as an inoculation meant to desensitize people to those substances. So wouldn?t the Dutch researcher?s work be even better? Before anyone could answer that question, the answer to what happens if a bee or two escapes needs to be answered."
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Microorganisms and Foods, 2002.
A discussion on how microorganisms can be of significance to foods. Topics covered include food spoilage, food poisoning and food related infection.
973 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how microorganisms are extremely important aspects of our food supply: They can cause spoilage, they can ferment our foods and they can cause us illness through foods. It looks at how they can be found in all types of foods ? fresh food, prepared food and even preserved food. It covers such issues as food spoilage and inhibition of the growth of pathogens, microbial ability to cause disease in humans (using Staphylococcus aureus as a particular example) and commercial uses of microbes in food (fermentation etc).
From the Paper
"Food poisoning results from ingestion of food that contains previously formed microbial toxins. The microorganisms that created the toxins are not usually alive when the contaminated food is eaten. The illness is caused by the action of the toxins. One of the most common forms of food poisoning is caused by Staphylococcus aureus. It is most often found in foods such as poultry, meat, egg and meat salads and creamy salad dressings. It results from the foods not being kept refrigerated after they have been prepared, as S. aureus can grow very rapidly at room temperature. Even if the food is heated again before ingestion, the toxin may not be destroyed as it is reasonably heat stable."
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Nutritional Foods, 2004.
Considers the case of Nutritional Foods and a possible food poisoning outbreak.
1,840 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper considers the case of Nutritional Foods and a possible food poisoning outbreak. It concludes that an immediate recall is necessary, as well as the establishment of an ethics committee within the organization and a code of ethics to guide future actions.
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Whole Foods Market, 2007.
A review of the natural and organic foods industry and the company Whole Foods Market, in particular.
3,455 words (approx. 13.8 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 97.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the company, Whole Foods Market. It describes the general economic characteristics of the natural and organic foods industry and then provides a five forces model of competitive analysis. The paper then focuses on the Whole Foods Market company by evaluating its strategy and providing a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) analysis. The paper concludes by addressing the problems facing the company and it recommends strategies for improvement.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Industry And Competitive Analysis
General Economic Characteristics Of The Industry
Driving Forces In The Industry
The Five Forces Model Of Competitive Analysis
Competitive Analysis
Strategic Group Mapping
Key Success Factors In The Industry
How Attractive/Unattractive Is The Industry
Company Situation Analysis
Identification And Evaluation Of The Company's Strategy
SWOT Analysis
Financial Analysis
Portfolio Analysis
Key Issues/Problems Which The Firm Must Address For Its Future
Identification And Evaluation Of Various Strategy Alternatives
Presentation Of Final Commendations To The Company
Implementation Concerns
From the Paper
"Whole Foods' economic strategy has recently revolved around the shifting of buying responsibility from the store level to regional and national levels, in effect putting the company into a premium position to negotiate volume discounts with vendors (Thompson C-17). The biggest supplier to Whole Foods Market is United Natural Foods (accounting for approximately 18% of the company's purchases) and the company operates eight regional distribution centers for store supplies (Thompson C-17)."
"Furthermore, Whole Foods' growth strategy is strengthened by its demonstrated commitment to community and social issues, including its donation of at least 5% of the company's after-tax profits to nonprofit/educational organizations and by offering employees 20 hours of paid community service work for every 2,000 hours worked (Thompson C-18). The company also maintains its image of social and environmental consciousness through the distribution of brochures, seminars and presentations on key issues affecting health and well-being of humans (Thompson C-18)."
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Genetically Engineered vs. Organic Foods, 2003.
This paper argues that organically grown foods are safer for consumption and for the environment than genetically engineered foods.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that genetically engineered crops are created by inserting genes from one species into another to create a new type of plant. The author stresses that, in many ways, genetically engineered crops are just as harmful to the environment as other varieties of crops. The paper points out that, in addition to its environmental benefits, a growing number of studies show that organic foods are more nutritious than other foods.
From the Paper
"Those people who wish to advance the production and consumption of genetically engineered foods also claim that genetically engineered crops do not interfere with their surrounding ecosystem and are noninvasive. These individuals suggest that genetically engineered crops are very similar to standard plant crops that have been modified for centuries through selective breeding by humans. Because of this, they believe that genetically engineered crops can do no more damage to the environment than any other plant has done throughout the ages. However, plants that have been genetically manipulated are different from all other types of plants."
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