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The Ghost, Purgatory, and Repentance, 2004.
An examination of religion and spirituality in "Hamlet" by William Shakespeare.
687 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 24.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that religion and spirituality are the factors that influenced Hamlet?s irresoluteness at the start of the play. Three elements that depict religion and spirituality in Hamlet are the presence of Old Hamlet?s ghost, belief in repentance, and the existence of Purgatory. This paper discusses how these three elements contribute to irresolution in the character of Hamlet.
From the Paper
"The presence of the ghost in Hamlet illustrates the presence of the metaphysical being in the play. Old Hamlet?s ghost serves as an intermediary between the temporal and eternal life, delineating the division between life on Earth and Heaven. The ghost?s symbolic presence in the play also mirrors Shakespeare?s belief in Christianity, suggesting that Old Hamlet has not received a peaceful death. The presence of the ghost represents injustice with the sudden death of the King of Denmark. This is revealed in Act 1, Scene 5, where the ghost narrates the events surrounding his death. He also identifies the culprit who committed his murder: Claudius, Old Hamlet?s brother, now King of Denmark. Expressing his grievances to his son, Old Hamlet is like Christ, who became a metaphysical being in order to achieve justice and closure in the unsolved mystery of his death. The presence of the ghost in the play also mirrors the presence and belief in Purgatory, which is manifested in Old Hamlet?s metaphysical presence in the temporal world. Inevitably, repentance and the Purgatory are linked with each other, since repentance before an individual?s death leads to everlasting life in heaven. However, because Old Hamlet died without repentance, he is now suffering in Purgatory. His suffering during life and death is perpetuated through the Purgatory."
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Film: "Purgatory" (1999), 2008.
This paper explores the concept of a clockwork orange in the film "Purgatory" (1999).
880 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the movie "Purgatory" proves that it is better to possess free will, even if it is the will to sin, rather than to be made into a clockwork orange as a paradigm of virtue. The author relates that Blackjack Britton gang fleeing a posse rides into Refuge, a town of second chances where the people make every effort to be virtuous. The paper points out that Refuge is a clockwork orange in reverse because moral choice has been taken away. The paper concludes that Alex's brainwashed paradigm of virtue and the Refuge paradigm were broken apart by the free will choice to do something for oneself.
From the Paper
"It is only when Sonny, who is in love with Rose and sacrifices himself for her, makes them realize their identities, that they in turn realize they do have a choice and take action. Sonny is surprised to find Hickok with his gun belt on coming out to stand with him in the classic gunfight scene: "What the hell," he says." "That's exactly what it is," Forest replies, "Hope you're ready to meet it." Alex's self-realization, even in the midst of his performance after the Ludovico Technique, is the same slow sign that there is still a spark of free will there."
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"The Aeneid:" Purgatory, 2004.
This paper provides a discussion of Virgil's depiction of purgatory and the underworld in Book VI of "The Aeneid."
1,582 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
The paper offers a discussion of how Virgil's depiction of purgatory and the underworld in Book VI of "The Aeneid" demonstrates the assurance of an afterlife for Romans and that the right conduct that will assure the immortality of Rome.
From the Paper
"Book of Virgil's "Aeneid" provides a picture of purgatory that is aimed at demonstrating to Aeneas the solution to human suffering. The solution is to lead a life ruled by ration that controls human passion and desire. As Hardie maintains, Virgil is concerned from the first chapter to show how the narrative is manipulated to make it easier for the patriotic Roman reader to sympathize with Aeneas' actions."
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Purgatory in Catholicism, 1997.
Development of concept & doctrines related to spiritual state between heaven and hell, from medieval era to Second Vatican Council.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, $ 55.95
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From the Paper
"This paper will discuss the concept and doctrines of purgatory according to the teachings of the Roman Catholic Church. It will consider their development during the medieval and Tridentine periods, and finally consider their recent modifications and developments since the Second Vatican Council.
The general concept of purgatory is of a spiritual state, intermediate between heaven and hell, or salvation and damnation, in which the souls of the faithful undergo purification in order to be utterly holy and thus fit to enter directly into the presence of God. Although this concept has been part of Christian doctrine from very early on, it has undergone great evolution and development over the centuries, beginning as a literal and simplistic concept of a place where the otherwise holy have their minor imperfections removed, and lately having become.."
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Ghosts in "The Woman's Warrior", 2002.
An examination of the concept of ghosts in Maxine Hong Kingston's novel "The Woman's Warrior".
1,435 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
Chinese-American authors have played a very influential role in highlighting the atrocities of their native culture and in illustrating the problems that immigrants encounter when they move to the United States. The paper looks at the writings of Maxine Hong Kingston who termed all her problems and various cultural, ethnic and cultural obstacles as ?Ghosts? in her novel, ?The Woman Warrior?. This paper delves deeper into the subject of ghosts and explains what ghosts represented in this novel.
From the Paper
"Immigration can be a painful and to a certain extent puzzling experience for those who leave behind a culture which was starkly different from the one they encountered upon immigration. We have heard and read numerous tales of immigration and related problems but Chinese people have probably been the most vocal about their experience in the United States. There have been numerous books on the subject and some of them have left an indelible impression on reader?s mind. One such book was written by Maxine Hong Kingston in 1976 titled ?The woman warrior?. In this novel, which is part fiction and part autobiography, author has described her experience as an immigrant in the United States with reference to her native culture and its restrictions."
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"King Leopold's Ghost", 2005.
This paper discusses Adam Hochschild's "King Leopold's Ghost" about the avaricious activities of Leopold II, King of the Belgian, in the Congo.
1,415 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 0 sources, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Adam Hochschild's "King Leopold's Ghost" is a brilliant historical account of how Leopold II, King of the Belgian, carved a personal empire and fortune from the Congo and how Edmund Morel, a clerk for the Elder Dempster shipping company, led an international campaign to expose the monarch's criminal enterprise. The author points out that Leopold's single-minded ambition, adroit diplomacy, skillful corruption and ruthless brutality brought him, already one of Europe's wealthiest men, untold riches, while for the Congolese people it brought only unbelievable suffering. The paper states that the "ghost" in the book's title relates to (1) after Leopold's death, rumors abounded that he had not really died but instead had gone to live in the Congo or (2) a more plausible claim emerged that Leopold's ghost would return to haunt the Congo for more than three decades after independence in the form of Mobutu Sese Seku, also a master criminal driven by vampire avarice.
From the Paper
"From the start, Leopold's Congo administration required Congolese labor, at first as portage to carry ivory, then to construct the railway. With the commercial emphasis switching to rubber, the Congo Free State was faced with a problem. Obviously, the state could purchase ivory, or seize it at the point of a gun, but it was impossible to oversee the harvesting of rubber latex, Its collection required going deep into the rain forests to find the rubber vines. So the Congo Free State's militias, the Force Publique, developed a brutal system which involved raiding villages and seizing women and children as hostages, only releasing them when the men brought in quotas of rubber."
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"The Holy Ghost People?, 2005.
This paper describes Peter Adair's documentary film "The Holy Ghost People", which explores the mysterious culture of Appalachian snake-handlers.
2,105 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 0 sources, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Peter Adair's documentary film "The Holy Ghost People" is about people in a Pentecostal church in West Virginia who claim to receive the Holy Ghost as a source of power and happiness, and, when possessed by the Holy Ghost, their bodies jerk and they speak in unintelligible languages. The author points out that the main message, which Adair's cinematography is trying to convey, is that people can express their emotions without using words. The paper relates that the most telling shot in the entire documentary is the last one in which the camera focuses on the bloody cloth, which the man is using to wipe his hand thus showing the real danger, but the man, who was bitten by a poisonous snake, stays calm.
From the Paper
"One interesting aspect, for me, was that I couldn't understand some of what people either said or sang, partly because of their accents, partly because of the muffled sound quality. However, this added to the feeling of intrigue and made me focus more on the tone of the songs and voices and rely more on body language and other visual stimuli. The few shots of the area in West Virginia this documentary was shot in tells a lot about who these people are. It is barren, poor, and run down. These people are disenfranchised and suffering under poverty. Even the trees cannot bear leaves, life is so cold. This is the reality of the snake handling people."
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Ghosts in Literature, 2002.
A study of the ghost characters in literary works of "The Spanish Tragedy ? and ?Hamlet?.
3,090 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This extensive paper presents a detailed exploration of ghosts in the stories of "The Spanish Tragedy" by Thomas Kyd and Shakespeare?s ?Hamlet?. It demonstrates how the writers use the ghosts as the pivotal character that guides and drives the action of the story. The paper describes that plots of each story revolves around the death of someone who comes back as a ghost, and seeks revenge for their murder.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Similarities
Differences
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Throughout history writers have used unusual methods to illustrate points if their work that they want the reader to understand. In two classic works of literature a ghost was used to provide many of the needed details to the story that would have been unknown otherwise. In ?The Spanish Tragedy ?and in ?Hamlet? there were ghosts to provide the foundation for many of the stories actions. Without the ghosts much of the things that occurred would not make any sense to the reader. While they each uses a ghost for the purpose of information provision the ghosts and the use of the ghosts have differences as well as similarities."
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Ghost Dance and Wounded Knee, 2006.
A paper on the Ghost Dance religion and its role in the Wounded Knee massacre.
6,069 words (approx. 24.3 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 143.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the Ghost Dance religion and how it spread to Native American tribes. The paper discusses the history of the Native Americans from the time of Andrew Jackson until the Wounded Knee massacre, and demonstrates how the Native Americans were pushed farther and farther westward, and eventually limited to a very small area. The paper explains how the United States army and government's fear of the Ghost Dance religion led to the Wounded Knee massacre, describing the events of the massacre, and the political issues surrounding the massacre and the Ghost Dance religion.
From the Paper
"James Mooney writes in The Ghost-Dance Religion and the Sioux Outbreak of 1890 that the essential part of the teaching of the Ghost Dance is the doctrine that the world is old and worn and the time is near for its renewal (Mooney 661). The Ghost Dance was an American Indian religious revivalist movement that spread through the Plains Indians and other ethnic groups during the 1890's and due to a culmination of events is forever linked to the Wounded Knee massacre of 1890 (Ghost pp)."
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Ghost Sickness, 2004.
A brief description of this condition known as Ghost Sickness, which is prevalent in Native Americans.
979 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
An examination of the cultural context in which Ghost Sickness takes place today and explains that it has deep historical roots in the history of indigenous Indians. Many of these groups perceived themselves as living in a universe pervaded by powerful, mysterious spiritual beings and forces that underlay and supported human life. In order to survive, this paper explains that they believed it was necessary to acknowledge these spiritual powers in all aspects of their lives, but there were also spiritual beings to be avoided. Native Americans of the Southwest, in particular, such as the Navajo and Apache, dreaded contact with ghosts, who were thought to resent the living.
From the Paper
"Some American Indians believe that Ghost Sickness can be caught from either the dead, the sight of the corpse or their possessions (Apache). Therefore, groups such as the Apaches buried their dead on the same day as they died. They also tried to reduce to a minimum the amount of time the living spent in contact with the dead. Some belongings were placed with the body and usually the dead person?s favorite horse was killed at the grave site. The rest of their possessions were then burned and the family moved their house to a new site. The relatives never went near the grave and to mention the name of the dead was strictly forbidden."
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Ghosts in "The Member of the Wedding", 2002.
An analysis of how the theme of ghosts is included in Carson McCullers's "The Member of the Wedding".
2,476 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the role of ghosts in the plot, themes, and language of Carson McCullers's novel, "The Member of the Wedding." Using Judith Butler's theories on kinship and queer relationality in "Antigone's Claim," the paper argues that ghosts help the novel to present an expanded vision of the field of human love.
From the Paper
Carson McCullers? The Member of the Wedding is, essentially, the story of a twelve-yeard-old girl named Frankie Addams searching for love and connection in a lonely world. Frankie?s world is frightening, even nightmarish at times, and it is filled with the ghosts that inhabit her imagination and described in the textually ghostly terms of the unknown, the secret, and the unnameable. The figure of the ?ghost? ? as imagined by Frankie and as a primary descriptive device in McCullers? prose ? quite literally haunts the novel, complicating its conceptions of human relationality and connection. The ghosts enable the novel to posit a tenuous definition of what it is to be a living human being; every living figure in the novel is not only deeply aware of the presence of non-living figures but is in constant danger of falling out of the realm of the living, of becoming a ghost, and every relationship between the living is negotiated over the presence of the dead. Ultimately, the novel?s ? and its characters ? ghosts allow for the at once terrifying and redemptive possibility of relationships and identities that transgress not only normative societal boundaries but the boundaries between the living and the dead.
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Parapsychology:Dis-Proving Ghosts, 2006.
An argumentative essay proving that ghosts do not exist.
2,135 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the scientific explanations for the appearance of ghosts. The paper disputes the supernatural origins of ghosts and offers reasonable and scientific theories for the well-known phenomenon that occurs at a haunting.
From the Paper
"One case in particular proves the power of imagination and suggestion in regards to those who are searching for proof that ghosts do exist. Arthur Machen, a journalist and author of paranormal fiction wrote a fictional account of the British Army's retreat from the occupying German forces from Mons, France in 1914. Machen reported in a "fanciful" tale that phantom archers and soldiers from a medieval battle between the English and French from many centuries before. The ghosts, according to Machen, supplied a "rear guard" that allowed the English withdrawal and even caused some casualties within the Germans.
Problem was the fiction quickly became "fact" as reports came in from the soldiers on the field about the "angels" assisting their efforts. Even when Machen decried the whole story as a work of fiction, people kept sending him reports of the Angels. Even after the war, a German officer claimed a horse "rear up" and tossed him off after being startled by the ghostly soldiers. (Didier, 2007)"
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Ghost Stories, 2007.
An analysis of the use of the theme of ghosts in the short stories of Edith Wharton and Henry James.
944 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the strange occurrences of scepters throughout Edith Wharton's short stories "Afterward" and "The Lady Maid's Bell," and Henry James' short stories "The Turn of the Screw" and "The Jolly Corner". It discusses how ghosts prove to be elusive in all four short stories: some characters can see them while others cannot. The ghosts seem to make their appearance known to only a select few.
From the Paper
"However, ghosts serve distinct purposes in each of these four stories. James' "The Jolly Corner" is the only story of the four in which the protagonist is haunted by his own ghost and for whom the ghost delivers a poignantly personal message. In all the other three stories, the ghosts' presence concerns characters other than the protagonist. For example, in James' "The Turn of the Screw," the ghosts of Miss Jessel and Peter Quint alarm the current governess of her charges' coming-of-age. The ghosts' presence pertains directly to the children's lives and not that of the new governess, even though the narrator becomes profoundly affected and frightened. Similarly, in "The Lady Maid's Bell," Emma Saxon's ghost frightens Hartley but warns her not of her own doom but that of Mrs. Brympton. "
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"Ghosts" by Henrik Ibsen, 2005.
This paper analyzes the play "Ghosts" by Henrik Ibsen, which examines the moral faults of "modern" Victorian society.
3,230 words (approx. 12.9 pages), 0 sources, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Henrik Ibsen is credited with inventing the modern realistic drama of the Independent Theater Movement and that his play "Ghosts" is cited as being most symbolic of this "New Drama". The author points out that all of the characters have a very long shared history; however, the linear, cause-and-effect structure of the plot occurs within 24 hours of the beginning of the play. The paper relates that the "moral" actions within the play lead to tragedy, despair and injustice. The paper suggests that, although Ibsen's dramas are often staged with vividly realistic sets, the author would stage "Ghosts" in a minimalist style to mirror the bleakness of the characters' lives.
Table of Contents:
Context
Genre
Given Circumstances
Geographic Location
Date
Economic Environment
Social Environment
Religious Environment
Previous Action
Plot Analysis
Character Analysis
Mrs. Alving
Theme
Language
Scenography
From the Paper
"The pastor Manders condemns all of the following practices: divorce, adultery, premarital sex, alcohol abuse, drug abuse, and lying. His opinions reflect the sexist foundation of the religious environment. He condemns Engstrand for his decision to marry the "fallen" Joanna for money, but sees nothing wrong with Mrs. Alving marrying her husband, a far more reckless young man, because of the financial benefits for herself and her family. He also condemns Mrs. Alving's decision to leave her husband, despite the abominable way he treated her, stating that "it is not a wife's part to be her husband's judge."
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"The Ghost Dance", 2004.
A review of the book, "The Ghost Dance: Ethno-History and Revitalization" by Alice Beck Kehoe.
954 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 0 sources, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Alice Beck Kehoe's book, "The Ghost Dance: Ethno-history and Revitalization", claiming that although it covers a relatively small slice of a much greater historical period, it has indeed become an enduring work. The paper presents this work as a short read focusing upon only one Native-American nation and in an overall scheme of the broader anthropological study that comes under the heading of "Ghost Dancing of the Grand Canyon". Moreover, the paper explains that the work does indeed have some detractors among which are the eastern Native-American nations.
Outline
Book Report Thesis Statement
Ethnography
The Case Study Approach
Revitalization
The Main Detractor
From the Paper
"The anthropological science of ethnography is a widely accepted methodology for the study of a particular cultural. It entails a lengthy study of a particular culture such as Ms Kehoe is accomplishing in her work using the tools of detailing "oral histories," "written histories," "face to face interviews," and "media resources." Using these factors and others, such as "studies of specific geographical locations and their influences," "photography," along with many other factors to arrive at as an accurate characterization of an Ethnic History of a given group as possible. The Ethnography Ms Kehoe uses are the locations along the Colorado River System that is the home of the Native American Paiute (sic) Nation. The story, seen through the eyes of Mr. James Mooney of the Smithsonian Institution begins with an explanation of the "Ghost Dance Religion," as explained to him beginning of New Years Day of 1892. Furthermore, this context along with the many "Illustrations," and "References," in use by Ms Kehoe carries the study forward through massacres at Wounded Knee of 1896 and 1973."
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