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George Berkeley and David Human, 2006.
A comparison and contrast analysis of knowledge and ideas in the works of George Berkeley and David Hume.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 2 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This philosophical study examines the basis of knowledge and ideas within the works of George Berkeley and David Hume. By realizing that Berkeley does not define reality through the human sensory apparatus, human beings can only realize the world around them as ideas that exist only within the mind. Hume also agrees with this philosophy through his empirical perspective, but is not absolutist in realizing how nature and faith act as 'guides' in human perception of the world.
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George Berkeley, 2004.
An insight into the theories of the philosopher, George Berkeley.
1,478 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how George Berkeley?s beliefs are in direct contrast to those of Locke and Hume concerning the nature of God, the nature of man, and the nature of being. It examines how, to Berkeley, there really are no ?things? and how nothing actually exists except when perceived by a human being. It looks at how he takes his beliefs further and initiates the modern conception, in some quarters, that we are all simply part of God?s dream. It also discusses how Berkeley posits that every object we experience as ?real? or ?solid? or made of matter actually is simply a construct created by God for human convenience, or inconvenience as the case may be.
From the Paper
"To prove his point, Berkeley used the analogy of the chair. He asks that we imagine a person alone in the world and without language. There are all sorts of physical things around this person, including rocks, rivers, mountains and chairs. She can see them, perceive them, but has no words to describe them or refer to them. Berkeley asks if she can think about them anyway, and he proposes that she can. ?Thoughts, like words, have the capacity to refer to things, a capacity they do not owe to language.? (quoted by Winkler 1) Berkeley goes beyond that, noting that although we could use the word chair to refer to a table, we could not use the thought chair to refer to table. Calling up the thought of table produces a perception that is table, not chair. (Winkler 1)"
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George Berkeley's Perception of the World, 2006.
A discussion on whether philosopher George Berkeley's idealism represents most people's commonsense view of the world.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 1 source, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the life and philosophy of 18th century Irish philosopher, George Berkeley and discusses his theory of idealism. The paper considers whether Berkeley's idealism represents most people's commonsense view of the world and concludes that, though intriguing and well argued, Berkeley's analysis is not commonsensical.
From the Paper
"Does George Berkeley's idealism represent most people's commonsense view of the world? Though intriguing and well argued, Berkeley's analysis is not commonsensical. George Berkeley lived from 1685 until 1753. He was born in Ireland, educated in Dublin, and even spent some time in Bermuda trying to convert the local population to Christianity. In 1734 he was made Bishop of Cloyne (Frost 277-278). Berkeley was an idealist and expanded upon the work of John Locke. He asked, if the basis of knowledge is sensations and our reflections upon those sensations, how can we know a distinct world exists? In other words, we only have our minds to go on. Perception is the rule by which the universe is measured. As such, perception is tantamount to existence."
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George Berkeley, 1993.
A critique of the theory of immaterialism from the philosopher, George Berkeley's "Three Dialogues Between Hylas and Philonous".
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, $ 39.95
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From the Paper
"This study will explain the objection to George Berkeley's theory that the theory gives dreams and hallucinations as much claim to truth as our ordinary waking experiences. The study will also describe and evaluate Berkeley's response in defense of his theory.
Berkeley enters tenuous philosophical territory and invites such criticism when he argues that there is no such thing as matter, as material existence. The realm of the mind is abstract enough without removing the world of matter and placing all reality in the mind, even if that mental territory includes the mind of God. Other philosophers used the material world to at least ground the mind, but Berkeley is trying to argue that all reality is immaterial. Berkeley's theory is slippery enough when we limit ourselves to the activities of the sober, sane mind which..."
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A Reading of David Armstrong and David Lewis, 2002.
Comparison and contrast of the points of view of David Armstrong and David Lewis regarding the question of what exactly is the mind.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This essay compares and contrasts the points of view of Armstrong and Lewis on the centuries-old debate regarding the question of what exactly is the mind, and the degree to which mental states are identical with brain states.
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"Prophets In The Dark" ( David Kearns and David Nadler ), 1995.
Reviews this work by Xerox Corporation's CEO on the firm's successful transformation in the 1980s.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, $ 39.95
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From the Paper
"Introduction
During the 1980s, much of American business focused on improving its quality process in order to better compete with the Japanese. Great attention was paid to issues such as just in time inventory, total quality management and quality circles, and the American quality expert Deming was both hailed and vilified in the press for having introduced fundamental quality concepts to the Japanese some years before. David Kearns was CEO of Xerox Corporation during the 1982 to 1990 period, a time when the company whose name is synonymous with photocopiers faced intense competition not only from American competitors such as IBM and Kodak, but also from the Japanese. During the 1980s, the company undertook a rigorous quality program designed to transform the way the company did business. At the beginning of the 1990s, the ..."
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Locke, Berkeley, and Hume on Substance, 2004.
Presents the notion of substance in the philosophy of three British Empiricists, John Locke, George Berkeley, and David Hume.
4,686 words (approx. 18.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 120.95
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Abstract
By considering the discussion of substance in John Locke's "An Essay Concerning Human Understanding", George Berkeley's "A Treatise of Human Nature", and David Hume's "A Treatise Of Human Nature", this paper considers the philosophers in an independent fashion and brings to light the evolutionary character of their expositions. The paper concludes with the author's personal criticism of the three philosophers.
From the Paper
"The underlying assumption is that we cannot have true knowledge of reality; instead we can only make judgments about it based on the aforementioned agreement or disagreement of ideas. According to Locke, ideas come to us by way of our senses and the world is merely represented; therefore we have but a probable knowledge about reality. By the process of abstraction, it is possible to construct complex ideas about the world. From the perception and comprehension of multiple simultaneous simple ideas we abstract common traits and come up with the idea of substance."
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Berkeley's Great Distaste for the Existence of Matter, 2002.
This paper critically analyzes George Berkeley's first argument against the existence of matter presented in "A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge."
2,220 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 0 sources, $ 68.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer critically examines Berkeley's first line of argument against the existence of matter that he presents in "A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge". This argument is frequently called "the Perception Argument" and is his first attempt to more firmly establish his central thesis of existence being tied into perception. The paper thoroughly explains the argument and presents Berkeley's responses to the most immediate objections that come up to it (the objections that are actually addressed in the text of his treatise). The writer also examines briefly how Berkeley's argument serves to contradict arguments regarding material substance made by Locke in "An Essay Concerning Human Understanding". The paper then offers a more robust objection to Berkeley's Perception Argument that attacks some key assumptions that the argument clearly relies on, specifically those regarding relationships between matter and ideas that Berkeley clearly assumes do not exist. The objection is furthered by examining the sections where Berkeley assumes that matter does exist in an attempt to show that such an assumption involves manifest contradictions.
From the Paper
" Over the course of reading A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge, it becomes evident that Berkeley is not so much trying to convince the reader of a certain opinion of the nature of the world and our perception of it as much as he is trying to present his actual, everyday perception of the world and his existence in it. Berkeley repeatedly says things like, "Some truths there are so near and obvious to the mind, that a man need only open his eyes to see them," (?6) that suggest the intuitive obviousness that he sees in his doctrine. Frequently, a tone of frustration comes through in his writing - especially in the sections dealing with possible objections to his theory (?34-84) - illustrative of the difficulty he must have been feeling in trying to get everyone else to see what was so damn obvious to him. As such, many of Berkeley's arguments in support of his particular fundamental beliefs seem to be afterthoughts of their respective conclusions. His vision of the nature of existence being grounded in "esse is percipi" (?3) is so strong that he does not always seem to be too concerned with the particular logic behind his supporting arguments. This is especially true when it comes to his arguments denying the existence of matter. In this paper, I will argue that, while Berkeley's conclusion regarding the non-existence of matter is quite profound, his actual arguments for this conclusion do not sufficiently verify it. To do this, I will examine the first argument Berkeley makes against the existence of matter, the so-called "Perception Argument." I will argue that this argument relies heavily on a fallacious line of reasoning about the nature of matter and the inability of matter to cause ideas in us. I will then examine several passages in Principles that support the idea that Berkeley's belief that matter does not exist is grounded largely in his - or anyone else's - inability to really define what matter is. "
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Berkeley?s Immaterialism and the Existence of God: A Case Study, 2001.
This paper discusses the philosopher George Berkeley's concept of immaterialism, his subsequent argument for the existence of God, and the reasons why his argument cannot be accepted as being valid.
1,665 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
An intricate discussion of philosopher George Berkeley's concept of immaterialism and his subsequent argument for the necessary existence of a Supreme Being, or God. The author outlines and analyzes Berkeley's two major philosophical treatises, and the main arguments found in each are clearly defined and presented in a succinct, yet detailed manner. Philosophical ideas/concepts discussed include the ?Likeness Principle? and the variability of sensory experience. The paper then presents Berkeley?s argument for the existence of God, which builds upon the already established theory of immaterialism by discussing the distinction between absolute and relative existence.
From the Paper
"Immaterialism, as defined by Berkeley, is the idea that it is impossible for any sensible qualities whatsoever to exist independent of a mind (Berkeley 1965, 5-6). This argument is brought forth succinctly and clearly in the Dialogues, in which Berkeley presents his case through the character of Philonous, and defends it against criticism by the character of Hylas. Although there are many aspects in both Principles and the Dialogues that contribute to the overall argument for immaterialism, for the purpose of this essay, only two of the strongest points will be discussed- the argument from variability and the likeness principle.
One of the key features of Berkeley?s argument for immaterialism centers on the variability of one?s sensory experiences in comparison to another?s. He notes that each individual perceives the world differently, whether in terms of smell, taste, sight, or touch. One of the ways in which this variability of sensory experiences is presented by Philonous to Hylas is during a discussion between the two concerning taste. Philonous points out that although a certain food may taste pleasant to one person, that same food may taste awful to another. ?How could this be?, Philonous asks Hylas, ?if taste was something really inherent in the food?? (Berkeley 1998, [180]) There is only apparent taste, and this requires dependence on a mind. The same argument is also applied to smell, touch, sight, extension, motion, and solidity, and is reasoned to be just as effective. Perceptual variability occurs with these senses/qualities as well, and none of the apparent smells or colors seem to be any more real than any other ([68-78])."
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George Caitlin Stories, 2002.
Comparing two books telling the story of George Caitlin, an American writer and painter, in two completely different ways -"Paintbrush & Peacepipe: The Story of George Catlin", by Anne Rockwell and "George Catlin and the Old Frontier", by Harold McCracken
2,795 words (approx. 11.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 83.95
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Abstract
This paper shows that even though the two books tell the same life story of Caitlin, each one differs most significantly in tone and style according to the vastly different audiences to which each is directed. Rockwell's book was intended for children - less pages and more illustration, whereas McCracken's book presents itself as a very authoritive piece on Caitlin's life in an artbook format.
From the Paper
"The first book, Paintbrush and Peacepipe, 86 small pages in length, with 8 brief chapters and 15 illustrations, is written for children. By comparison, the second book, George Catlin and the Old Frontier, with its 209 oversized pages might seem a vastly superior presentation of George Catlin's biography. The artbook format of McCracken's work, with its 36 color and 118 black and white illustrations, is far more authoritative and detailed in its representation of the scope of Catlin's art. Yet, Paintbrush & Peacepipe, in it's minimalist manner is a highly educational and effective piece of work."
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Steffler's George Cartwright, 2002.
A character analysis of John Steffler's George Cartwright from the novel "The Afterlife of George Cartwright."
1,620 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper is a character analysis of Steffler's main character in "The Afterlife of George Cartwright". It focuses on the character's traits of unloving, wild, a corruptor and himself corrupted and how they change within the novel. Cartwright begins as a just young man in the army and becomes what he had always hated, a true corruptor of society.
From the Paper
"When writing a novel a writer should create living people; people not characters" (Hemingway, 95). Steffler achieves the creation of a person in the character of George Cartwright by blending numerous personality traits. These traits can be both pleasant, and upsetting, and either creates distance or closeness between Cartwright and the other characters. In order to make the character more realistic Steffler creates a progression in some of these traits, to create the illusion of growth in Cartwright over the span of his lifetime. Paradoxically, everything Cartwright claims to hate he later embodies. This is not entirely of his accord; his early years in the army set up his adult characteristics. His development is from a man of pride and ambition, although rough and rugged, to an uncivilized corruptor of native society. His pride and ambition are spoiled when he realizes that it is wealth that buys you promotions in the army and not skill or hard work. He grows to become the man Steffler portrays as unloving, wild, and as both corrupted and as a corruptor. "
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George W. Bush: Measuring the Man, 2001.
An application of James Barber's analysis from his book "Presidential Character" to George W. Bush. Includes details of George Bush's formative years.
1,660 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 7 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This essay applies the theories contained in Barber's book Presidential Character, to George W. Bush and investigates which personality profile he fits into. The author analyzes whether he is active, positive, passive or negative. Includes an in-depth look into the Bush's formative years.
From the Paper
"In his book Presidential Character, James Barber outlines certain characteristics, traits and life experiences which he feels produce particular types of presidents. Depending on these characteristics, traits and experiences, he then provides the reader with four possible categories within which to place the candidate. By ascertaining which category a contender falls into, Barber maintains that society can and should judge their suitability for presidential office. A major element in ascertaining a candidate?s category is the study of their personality. Barber feels that personality is ?patterned?, meaning that character, worldview and style all work together in its creation. Once one has an in-depth knowledge of a candidate?s personality, one is able to analyze how they would react and interact with current world forces, events and issues. Barber also stresses the importance of researching the president?s childhood and the environment in which their personality was shaped, through to the initial important decisions made in adult life."
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The Nature and Qualities of Matter: Locke vs. Berkeley, 2001.
This paper compares John Locke's and George Berkeley's arguments regarding the nature of matter.
1,384 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This essay first outlines Locke's argument in Book II of "The Essay Concerning Human Understanding", illustrating the distinction between ideas of primary qualities and ideas of secondary qualities. The writer then examines the arguments of Berkeley in "A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge" against this distinction and against the possibility of matter.
From the Paper
"According to Locke there are two types of qualities found in bodies. First are the primary qualities of bodies, which are "utterly inseparable from the body, in what state soever it may be" (E., p. 502). To Locke, a primary quality exists independently of observation in every piece of matter within a body, regardless of the size of that piece: "division. . . only makes two or more distinct separate masses of matter of that which was one before" (E., p. 502). Therefore, primary qualities include the unchanging, mind-independent qualities of a body such as figure, motion or rest, number, extension, and solidity or impenetrability. Conversely, secondary qualities of bodies are "nothing in the objects themselves but powers to produce various sensations in us by their primary qualities" (E., p. 502). This power is attributable to the "bulk, figure, texture, and motion of their insensible parts" (E., p. 502)."
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George H. W. Bush, the CIA and Presidency, 2008.
A look at George H. W. Bush's history in U.S. intelligence and its impact on his Presidency.
3,100 words (approx. 12.4 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how George H. W. Bush's position as director of the CIA greatly impacted his subsequent foreign policy decisions as President of the United States. The paper shows how this experience in the intelligence community enabled him to lead the United States to an impressive victory in Desert Storm and preside over the fall of communism in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union.
Outline:
Introduction
Hypothesis
George H. W. Bush as CIA Director
George H. W. Bush as President
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Unlike many other presidents who failed to adequately understand and appreciate the vital importance of the intelligence community, George H. W. Bush had the highest regard for its fundamental contributions, prioritized intelligence gathering and analysis, and made his foreign policy decisions in strict accordance with intelligence community data and analysis. His firsthand experience with intelligence issues as Director of the CIA enabled him to serve with great distinction and effectiveness as President of the United States, and empowered him to overcome the challenges imposed by Iraqi aggression in the Middle East and the chaotic collapse of the Soviet Union."
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King George III and Machiavelli's "Prince", 2004.
Explains why King George III was a living model of Machiavelli?s ?The Qualities of a Prince?.
700 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 24.95
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Abstract
The basic premise in Machiavelli?s ?The Qualities of a Prince? states that as long as a prince is not hated, his subjects will be loyal and his reign successful. Therefore, the abuses outlined in ?The Declaration of Independence? coincide with the attributes listed by Machiavelli of an unsuccessful prince. One can tell by the tone in which ?The Declaration of Independence? is written that King George III is hated by the colonists. On more than one occasion, Thomas Jefferson refers to the King as a tyrant. This paper discusses how King George III?s actions support Machiavelli?s claim that a prince is most hated when he, among other things, disrespects the land and women of his subjects, deprives men of their honor, and shows excessive cruelty.
From the Paper
"Machiavelli states, ?so long as you do not deprive them of ?their honor, the majority of men live happily? (Machiavelli, ?The Qualities of a Prince?, 48). Comparatively, Thomas Jefferson also lists grievances that pertain to men being deprived of their honor ?By [constraining] our fellow Citizens taken Captive on the high Seas to bear Arms against their County, to become the executioners of their friends and Brethren, or to fall themselves by their Hands? (Thomas Jefferson, ?The Declaration of Independence?, 80). King George III stripped men taken captive of all honor and dignity by making them choose to either murder their family or take their own life. King George III also deprived the colonists ?the benefits of Trial by Jury? (80). The fact that King George III repeatedly ?called together legislative bodies at places unusual, uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their Public Records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures? (79) is quite demeaning in a society governed by Representation."
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