| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "GENDER STEREOTYPES BODY IMAGE": |
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Gender Stereotypes and Body Image, 2004.
A discussion on stereotypes for body types as presented in advertising in Western cultures.
1,248 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the media?s influence in Western culture is pervasive and how, through magazines, television, and print ads such as billboards, advertisers have consistently adopted gender stereotypes in terms of body image and use these stereotypes to sell their products. It looks at how the stereotypical womanly ideal is slender to the point of looking unhealthy and how men are consistently presented with an overly muscular, perfectly lean physique. It considers the effects of such unrealistic stereotypical ideals and looks at the effects of the female stereotype on men and of the male stereotype on women.
From the Paper
"The presentation of the ideal female stereotype also has effects in terms of eating disorders that are seen in parts of the world where this ideal predominates. Since the ideal presented is so far from normal, and can rarely be attained by healthy means, anorexia nervosa and bulimia rates have risen. The only way most women can approach this stereotype of is through starvation or disordered eating. Research (Botta et al., 2003) has shown that rates of eating disorders may be predicted based upon the magazine reading habits of the women studied. If subjects were repeatedly exposed to images of unrealistically thin models, prevalence of anorexia and bulimia was greater. ?Overall, magazine reading and processing accounted for?28.0% of variance for girls? anorexic behaviors?27.5% for girls? bulimic beahaviors?23.4% for girls? body satisfaction?[and] 41.6% for girls? drive to be thin.? (Botta, 2003). Ironically, men do not see thinness as the same prerequisite for attractiveness in women that women themselves do."
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Gender and Body Image, 2004.
Argues that the images of perfection that are disseminated by society are generally stereotypical images that reinforce gender roles of dominance and submission.
3,642 words (approx. 14.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 101.95
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Abstract
The way in which society defines the structures and strictures of gender has developed in the last century into a field in which there is an abundance of textual dissertation concerning gender, identity, body image, and other issuances of definitional standards that often defy the status quo and change the way in which we think about what it is to be a man or woman. The paper shows that these essential qualities that define gender are harder to determine the more we explore the boundaries that have been set up, in many cases, as no more than cultural myths that represent the continuance of a socio-economic class system. One of these myths is the idea of the mythical body image, or the ideal physiological representation of a society in which gender lines are clearly defined in terms of male and female. This paper explores the idea of this image in terms of its contrivance, ramifications, social constructionism, and its support of gender stereotypes to provide an understanding of how our culture defines male and female images of perfection.
From the Paper
"Myths traditionally focus on the superhuman or divine while providing a model of behavior for their consumer, who is more often than not encouraged by them to accept a sort of socio-economic status quo, along with a sense of diversion and the illusion that in escaping reality, the person buying into the myth is escaping the status-quo of an
economically oriented social class system. This particular diversion is carried on through time and changed, if slightly, by successive generations as the gradations of society change with time (although the continuance of myth is often retrogressive concerning the continuance of the society). Although the theme may only change slightly, the
presentation of a new myth within this traditional trope suggests other changes that are more important."
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Body Image, Body Health and Pathology, 2005.
An overview of eating disorders and anorexia and their seriousness.
5,322 words (approx. 21.3 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 131.95
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Abstract
This is a detailed paper about eating disorders and anorexia. The paper describes the symptoms, the segment of the population most affected by eating disorders, the physical problems prolonged eating disorders can cause and some the environmental, physiological and psychological conditions that might predispose some to developing an eating disorder. The paper also explains that there are far more women with eating disorders than men and points out that this is an important factor in determining the causes of eating disorders. Additionally, the paper discusses treatment methods and prevention programs.
From the Paper
"Eating disorders and anorexia are becoming more commonplace today, and this is true particularly of young women, although older people and men sometimes also suffer from them. It is important to look at this issue as it relates to body image and how one feels about one's body, but also important to see it in the light of the way that one trusts oneself and others, and the hope for the future that is sometimes absent from the lives of these individuals. Such problems as depression can often play a large role in whether someone has problems with body image and eating disorders."
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Self-Esteem and Body Image, 2005.
This paper is a complete research project including an extensive bibliography, studying the relationship of body image and self-esteem of girls and boys, ages 9 and 10, from Glasgow, England.
7,685 words (approx. 30.7 pages), 55 sources, APA, $ 167.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the intention of this study was to determine how early in their lives children, especially girls, are influenced by the media concerning their body image;and if that influence has any profound or pronounced effect, if the exposure begins during the pre-pubescent period. The author used (1) a self-assessment questionnaire of girls and boys, ages 9 and 10, from two different schools administered by the classroom teacher during regular class sections coupled with (2) the teacher's assessment of the child's self-esteem. This paper concludes that, more significantly with girls than with boys, weight and body image are inextricably linked as early as age nine with children already incorporated concerns of attractiveness as powerful indicators of how these children evaluate their own self-esteem. Tables.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Media influence
Other Influences on Body Image and Self-Esteem in Girls
Taking Objectification a Step Further
The Effect of Body Image in Adolescence
Factors Suggesting the Need for Child-Centred Body-Image/Self-Esteem Studies
Rationale
Hypotheses
Methods
Social Comparisons to Models and Peers
Body Image Satisfaction
Body Mass Index
Results
Relationships between Body Dissatisfaction and Reported Social Comparison
Correlations Between Body Dissatisfaction and Social Comparisons to Models and Peers by Gender
Multiple Regressions of Body Dissatisfaction on BMI, Grade, and
Attractiveness Attributes by Gender
Means and Standard Deviations for Social Comparison to Models and Same-Sex Peers by Gender
Teacher Assessments of Self-Esteem
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Because of the ages of the children in the study, it was decided that the best way to assess self-esteem would be to interview the teachers of the children concerning which children suffered from low self-esteem, and then correlate their answers with those of the children. An almost 100 percent correlation was found among girls between higher weights and low self-esteem. For boys, the correlation between body shape was stronger than the correlation with weight per se. It is easy to conclude, therefore, that "Whether or not they are too heavy, females who see themselves as overweight show decreased satisfaction with their bodies, reduced levels of self-esteem, and lowered psychosocial well-being, as compared with males, in general, and with females who do not consider themselves overweight.""
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Body Image and Self-Perception, 2002.
This paper discusses research conducted linking body image satisfaction with psychological and physiological factors.
1,330 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 5 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses self-image and body-image dissatisfaction, and how they correlate with sex, nationality, age and other contributing factors. The author examines such diseases as anorexia nervosa and bulimia, and how psychological and physiological issues also coincide with body image and self-perceptions. The paper also looks at how society and the media contribute to body perceptions.
From the Paper
"The effects of body image and dissatisfaction can be harmful and even deadly. Certain diseases such an anorexia and bulimia can be almost directly related with self body image. Researchers, Lautenbacher, Kraehe & Krieg did a study on recovering anorexic women. They say that the perception of body size is a contributing factor to anorexia. As evident, ??perception of body size is involved in these processes that determine the cause of anorexia nervosa? , Lautenbacher, Kraehe & Krieg. Body size ties directly to body satisfaction. Even after many anorexic or bulimic people have recovered, researchers suggest they still are unsatisfied with their bodies and how they look. They may gain weight back but still are dissatisfied with their bodies."
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Body Image, 2007.
A discussion of how body image standards have evolved over time.
1,616 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the issue of body image as seen through the results of an Australian research study. The paper begins with a historical overview of standards for the ideal body. In particular, gender differences and body image are discussed. Then, methods for data collection for the Australian study are presented. The author states that gender differences were in fact a focus of the study. The results are then analyzed, with the outcome showing that women are dissatisfied with their body size. The paper includes charts and graphs to illustrate research findings.
Outline:
Introductions
Methods
Results
Discussion
From the Paper
"Results testing the second hypothesis revealed a significant difference between gender perceptions, these differences are displayed within the below table. Data shows that both men and women over estimate the level of their desired body types compared with attractiveness. The difference between the most attractive male body types to women compared to the average desired body size of men shows an overall difference of .53. While the most attractive body size to men and the average desired female body size has a difference of .26. The data seems to suggest that men have a greater over inflation of their body size perception than women by a significant figure."
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Body Image, 2004.
A discussion of the social issue of body image from a feminist perspective.
2,370 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how women experience the world in ways that are inextricably connected with the perceptions of body image. Not only do American women experience a number of physiological phenomenon that are uniquely female, they are also subjected to a wide range of powerful cultural forces that affect their perceptions of their body and how they relate to their own sense of self-worth. It provides an overview of the social issue of body image from a feminist perspective to determine how meaning and identity are constructed in this social issue. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"Pregnancy in particular is a potentially life-threatening and world-shifting condition that women uniquely experience, and it is little wonder that so much focus has been devoted to it in the feminist literature. Merleau-Ponty points out that the integrity of female body is diminished during pregnancy by the fact that the boundaries of the female body are themselves in a state of flux. ?In pregnancy,? she says, ?I literally do not have a firm sense of where my body ends and the world beings. My automatic body habits become dislodged; the continuity between my customary body and my body at this moment is broken? (p. 410)."
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Body Image and Eating Disorders, 2006.
A look at how the concept of body image is integral to eating disorders.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 5 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses eating disorders, explaining that the concept of body image is an integral part of such disorders. There cannot be an eating disorder without body image disturbance. This paper begins by defining and making distinctions between anorexia nervosa, bulimia and binge eating. Even though these three eating disorders are different they are all based in anorexia. In other words they are all centered on the pursuit of thinness.
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Women's Body Image in the Media, 2000.
How the influx of images from mass media serves to construct gender images, particularly women's body image.
3,730 words (approx. 14.9 pages), 20 sources, $ 103.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the representations of women's body image in the media and asks how these representations affect women?s self-image and behavior.
From the Paper
"The images of the media surround us constantly. According to Peach (1998): ?We are exposed to over 2,000 ads a day, constituting perhaps the most powerful educational force in society. The average adult will spend one and a half years of his/her life watching television commercials?. (p. 128). Leafing through the morning paper we unconsciously take in adverts and photographs. Going to work we pass billboards, signs on bus stations and busses, company logo?s on clothing and merchandise. At home relaxing in front of the television we are bombarded by images. What are the main messages that are conveyed by this unstoppable deluge of the media?"
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Body Image and the Media, 2005.
This paper examines the negative impact of the media on a woman's self esteem and body image.
1,765 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper details the symptoms as well as the media's contribution to body dysmorphic disorder, also known as distorted body image. Body dysmorphic disorder has become a tremendous problem in today's society due to the barrage of negative messages sent to women by the media. This paper discusses the effect of the media, in all its forms - television, radio, print advertising, internet, etc., which has an enormous influence on what people deem as attractive in today's society. The unnecessary emphasis the media places on appearance tends to adversely affect the mental and physical health of those it comes in contact with. Body dysmorphic disorder can lead to damaged self-esteem, depression, and eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia. This paper details the manner in which advertisers place heavy emphasis on physical appearance as a means of selling products. Too often in doing so, unnecessary pressure is placed on women to conform to unrealistic and oftentimes, unhealthy standards of beauty.
From the Paper
"Women want someone they can relate to. The Body Shop, a supplier of natural beauty products, offered a much-needed change from the typical message provided by advertisers; "There are three billion women who don't look like supermodels, and only eight who do. The Australian magazine New Woman included a picture of a heavy-set model on its cover recently. This action produced a lot of positive comments from the magazine's female readers. Despite this fact, advertisers threatened to pull their sponsorship. This shows that advertisers know what they are doing when they include a woman whose body is unattainable to society at large."
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A Positive Body Image, 2007.
This paper discusses the positive body image of African-American adolescent females.
1,256 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
The paper reveals that African-American adolescent girls have a more positive body image than white adolescent girls. The paper attributes this to the media, including film and advertising, that portrays African-American women differently than white women. The paper also notes that African-American girls may have closer family structures and better relationships with their mothers that may positively affect a girl's view of her own body.
From the Paper
"Previous studies examining the body image of adolescent girls have established a number of ideas about how perceived body image effects the actions and life choices of those girls. Some report body image as a factor in sexual activity (Rosenthal, Smith, & de Visser 319). Others see the media and advertising as playing a large role in the shaping how girls feel about their bodies (Hylmo; Baker). Finally, healthy attitudes from parents and other factors related to early home life also seem to play a part ("Girls' Body" 51)."
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Magazines and Body Image, 2004.
This paper discusses women's magazines and the influence they have on body image in women.
1,857 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses what body image is, what exactly is being viewed by women in women's magazines and then why these images have the effect that they do. It then discusses women's reactions, how they make them feel and how viewing women's magazines can affect their self-image. It then goes into detail of what could be done to fix this.
From the Paper
"Flip absent-mindedly through any young women?s magazine and in between the titles and pages of ?4 Hot New Makeup Looks? and ?Little Signs He?s The One?, you?ll see dozens and dozens of women who all look the same. Women advertising one thing or another, all with the exact same incredible makeup, all with skin highlighted with professional lighting and computer touch-ups, all pouting in that sexy manner and leaning in the same seductive poses? all perfectly sweet, sexy, and skinny. All with perfect bodies."
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Body Image, 2004.
A short paper giving a general overview of body image "ideals" by culture.
976 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the body image of women in Asia, Latin America, the Middle East, and the United States. It states what is expected of the women by their culture in the physical "ideal" for a woman and contrasts the expectation with the reality.
From the Paper
"Before we begin to examine cultural variations on aesthetic ideals, we must first understand exactly what is meant by body image. Psychologists typically define body image as being how we feel about how we look (Henson 1). Personal ideas about body image transcend fact and physiology; our body image is purely psychological. How do we see ourselves? How do we think we are seen by others? How do answers to those questions compare to our own physical reality? Our body image is essentially based ?on our perceptions of our bodies and the emotions resulting from those perceptions? (Henson 1)."
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Media Effects and Body Image, 2006.
A review of the effect that media images have on a women's perspective of body image.
1,140 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how images presented in the media provide unrealistic expectations of women. The paper further discusses how young women continue to rely on the media for advice and direction regarding their own sense of self-worth and beauty.
Outline:
Introduction
Thesis
Feminist Theory
Theme History
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Part of the media's power lies in its ability to influence self-perceptions of physical attractiveness particularly among women. Women are consistently bombarded with images considered "beautiful" by media standards. This may include images that in real life may be underweight or malnourished. What many women fail to consider when reviewing images portrayed by the media is that most of the women presented have been plucked, puckered, air brushed and more to appear more "perfect." On reviewing these women in real life many women would find they actually look no different than many of the women presented on television, except perhaps they may be at a healthier weight.
Women's attitudes toward their body and self-esteem are also influenced by their culture. The more value their culture has on meeting the standards established by the media, the more likely a young women is to succumb to false images of what is or is not considered beautiful in the eyes of the media."
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Anorexia, Body Image and Conformity in American Society, 1993.
Examines the inter-relationships of anorexia, body image and conformity to American culture, emphasizing culturally bound definitions of attractiveness.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 7 sources, $ 39.95
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From the Paper
"Anorexia, Body Image and Conformity in American Society
Introduction
According to April Fallon (1990), culturally bound and consensual definitions of attractiveness play an important role in the individuals' development of his or her body image. That body image reflects the way people view themselves and is generally not only a judgment on body, but a judgment on the self itself. In the following pages, the intention is to look at the interrelationship of anorexia, body image, and conformity to American culture, including definitions of attractiveness.
Anorexia
Anorexia has been defined as an eating disorder, although ..."
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