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Gender-Related Factors in Development, 2006.
A discussion of the gender-related issues concerning the economic development of a country.
3,418 words (approx. 13.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 96.95
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Abstract
This paper makes an effort to examine whether, how and the extent to which the "Empowerment of Women" and "Economic Independence of Women" can contribute to development in terms of growth of GDP per capita. The paper also proposes to examine the factors that are correlated with "women empowerment" and "economic independence of women".
Table of Contents
Impact of GEM and Other Variables on GNI per Capita
Effect of GDI and GEM on GDP per Capita (PPP US$)
GDI and Other Variables
GEM and Other Variables
Factors Affecting Poverty
Determinants of Total Fertility Rates
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Development is often taken to mean rising incomes. A still common view equates development with growth in average income. Though there has been a shift in emphasis since 1970s to a focus on the distribution of incomes. The 1990 Human development Report produced by the UNDP marked a different view of the meaning of development and has a distinct influence of the work of Amartya Sen. The essence of this view is that human development -what people can actually do and be -is the overriding purpose of economic development. Underdevelopment is viewed as the lack of certain basic capabilities, rather than lack of income per se. This approach which is critical of both "opulence" (income, wealth or commodity possession) and "utility" (whether interpreted as happiness, desire fulfillment or simply choice) as a measure of well-being, argues that "well-being" has to do with being well, which is about being able to live long, being well-nourished, being healthy, being literate and so on. The value of living lies in living & not in possessing things. This approach has been named as "human development approach". However, there can be no denying the fact that the capabilities can be built through increase in income. Economic growth expands capabilities directly. As average incomes increase, the population has greater command over the relevant goods and services--food, healthcare, education, and so on-which in turn leads to improved health & nutrition, longer life expectancy, and better education. However, enormous literature is available on relation between GDP per capita and the "Human Development Index (HDI)". HDI is calculated by taking into account "a long healthy life" represented by life expectancy at birth; "Knowledge", which is represented by "Adult Literacy Rate" and "Gross Enrollment Ratio" and the third parameter "a decent standard of living" which is represented by GDP per Capita (PPP US$)."
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Environmental Factors vs. Economic Development, 2006.
This paper analyzes the manner in which environmental factors impact on the economic development of the United States and Japan.
1,889 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper delves into the close relationship between the U.S. and Japan, while discussing the mutual advantages of increased economic trade and strategic military alliances in response to a growing threat from North Korea. The writer of this paper analyzes how particular environmental factors, such as social background, political systems, regulatory requirements, educational levels and religions have influenced the economic development of both nations. This paper compares the differences and similarities between the U.S. and Japan on a variety of topics, including religion and literacy. The U.S. is at a slight disadvantage compared to Japan in terms of literacy rates, 97% of the population over the age of 15 years is literate, compared to 99% in Japan. According to the World Bank, however, the U.S. scored slightly ahead of Japan in terms of overall educational opportunities. This paper also presents various graphs and tables, illustrating the scores and economic placements of both the U.S. and Japan, as cited in the World Bank's Knowledge Economy Index.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Review and Analysis
Comparison and Analysis of Key Metrics
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Companies that compete within a regulated environment are subject to legal and economic constraints that are not faced by firms in unregulated environments; consequently, such companies are exposed to high levels of determinism which can severely limit the strategic choices available. According to Carlile and Tilton, there is a significant challenge involved in understanding the Japanese regulatory environment for those whose primary frame of reference is the regulatory environment found in Western countries. The fiscal situation that emerged was even worse than that which had induced the 1980s administrative reform movement, and Japan's debt level quickly soared to the highest level among the leading advanced industrialized countries. With the official discount rate eventually dropping to 0.5 percent, further lowering of interest rates was not an option."
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Gender and International Relations, 2002.
A look at the impact of the construction of gender on international relations.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the question of gender in international relations. How does gender, as a social construction, change our ideas of what is important in international relations? The paper draws on prominent feminist scholarship in this area to explain first why gender matters in general, and how it is a societal construct. It then explains a number of different feminisms, and their different critiques of international relations as it is presently conducted.
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Construction of Gender Relations, 2003.
A discussion on why gender relations are fundamental to any understanding of family life.
1,960 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the theoretical assumptions underlying psychoanalysis and social psychology and how these approaches attempt to explain the concept of gender, particularly within the context of 'the family'. It provides both an overview of these approaches together with critiques of their respective strengths and weaknesses.
From the Paper
"Feminist object relations theory postulates that early interpersonal interactions within the family lay the foundations for the development of the mind, and hence individual identity, which then becomes the basis for later relations with others. In contrast to Freudian psychoanalysis, which emphasises the importance of the father, advocates of this approach argue that it is mothers, as the primary caregivers, and with whom children spend most of their time, that are the formative influence for both boys? and girls? sense of gender identity. Chodorow (1978, 1989) suggests that although the sex of the child is biologically determined, the forms that masculinity and femininity take are social constructions, born out of the mother/infant dyad, which itself reflects the sexual division of labour within society."
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Gender Relations in Chinese Literature, 2008.
A review of the Chinese story "Han the Fifth Sells her Charms in New Bridge Town" by Feng Menglong.
2,110 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Feng Menglong provides a window into the social, cultural, economic and political nature of Chinese society in the 17th century in his story "Han the Fifth Sells her Charms in New Bridge Town". The paper looks specifically at gender relations in Chinese Society in the 17th century. The paper explains that men and women had rigidly defined roles as well as a range of social and moral obligations attached to these gender roles. Individuals who fail to remain within these prescribed gender roles are seen as weak and immoral. The paper then discusses how Feng Menglong demonstrates what happens when individuals step outside of their prescribed gender roles.
From the Paper
"From the story "Han the Fifth Sells her Charms in New Bridge Town" it appears that gender roles were very important in 17th Century Chinese society. Men were seen as being connected to the Yang(Menglong 91). In order to understand the importance of this it is necessary to look at the concept of Ying and Yang. Ying and Yang are often expressed in a symbol known as the Tai Ji Tu made up of two fish shaped symbols forming a circle. Yang is the active, male heaven principle. Ying is the passive, female earth principle."
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Harlem Renaissance and Gender Relations, 2002.
Looks at the relationships between men and women in two of Zora Neale Hurston's short stories ? ?Sweat? and ?The Gilded Six-Bits?.
3,725 words (approx. 14.9 pages), 11 sources, $ 102.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the works of Zora Neale Hurston, who wrote about the relations between men and women and how they interact. The writer describes these relations from a certain point of view that takes black American circumstances into consideration and writes at the time of the Harlem renaissance, which effected so many black Americans and changed gender relations in black culture forever.
From the Paper
"One of the qualities that grants to Zora Neale Hurston?s work such an enduring quality and such a wide audience is the skill that she brings to her discussions and elucidation of the ways men and women interact with each other. Although in many ways her characters are very much particular to a certain time and place ? and are very much embedded within the experience of black America ? they also speak to a wide range of experiences beyond their own circumstances."
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Gender and Race Relations, 2006.
This paper offers a personal account of the issue of race in society.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The writer discusses how observing people at a local mall regarding race relations was an enlightening experience. The writer explains that this is because living in his/her own world, he/she is often oblivious to the issue of race in society. The writer says that he/she interacts with people based on their individual character, not on the color of their skin. Therefore the writer explains that he/she has not been aware of issues that exist beyond his/her own existence and beliefs about race.
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Gender, HIV and Development, 2006.
A discussion regarding the correlation between AIDS, the country's stage of development and gender.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 9 sources, $ 133.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issues and the relationship between HIV, AIDS, development and gender. According to this paper, due to the huge gap in development between the developed and the developing countries there is also a great difference between the consequences of the disease for the people in these countries. AIDS is rapidly spreading in the developed world particularly in Africa, and South Africa has been hit the hardest. This paper examines how development impacts the spread of AIDS and how gender inequality place women at a higher risk.
From the Paper
"AIDS is an international disease. It feeds on social, gender, and race inequalities; race; and prejudices and misconceptions about sexuality. A huge gap exists between developing and developed countries not only in terms of the quality of life but also in terms of experience with and consequences of HIV. Women in particular are not only valuable to the disease but also face greater consequences. Hence women in developing countries are at greatest risk of dying fro the disease. "
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Nature vs. Nurture in Gender Development, 2001.
An analysis of the impacts of nature and nurture on a child's gender development.
1,075 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 4 sources, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper is about the role of nature and nurture in gender development. The author examines aspects such as socialization and biological traits that impact on a child's gender development.
From the Paper
"Gender is defined as the differences in traits and behaviors that males and females are presumed to have. In childhood years, gender is a large part of life. At a young age, children begin to establish their gender identity, or perceptions of themselves as masculine or feminine. They begin to establish roles that coincide with their gender. A girl for example may learn to cook and clean. On the other hand, a boy may learn to fight or play sports. The gender development children go through during the young ages is a discerning factor in the rest of their life. Both nature and nurture contribute to this development."
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Gender/Cultural Factors and Professional Golf, 2003.
An analysis of gender and cultural factors influencing professional golf today.
3,882 words (approx. 15.5 pages), 17 sources, MLA, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a review of the relevant and scholarly literature to determine what cultural and gender-related factors serve to influence participation in and fan attraction to professional golf. This is followed by a summary of the research in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"Today, golf is one of the most popular outdoor sports in the world. Tens of millions of men, women, and children play golf as an individual or team sport, as well as in high school and college competition. Millions more people around the globe enjoy golf as a form of recreation and exercise. Golf has also become popular spectator sport and attracts thousands of fans to tournaments with millions more watching on television. As a result, professional golf has become a multi-billion dollar industry today. The sport continues to be dominated by affluent white males who, in many cases, however, appear reluctant to share their domain with their female or minority counterparts."
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Mexico, Gender and Economic Development, 2005.
Essay presenting new insights into the topic of gender and how it affects the Latin American economic development process.
1,781 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This essay attempts to present all new insight into the topic of gender concerns in regard to the Latin American nation of Mexico?s economic development. The report is written as if the author is the Minister of Gender Affairs for Mexico and the new president, who is a woman, ran on a platform that promised gender equality in all new and existing policies within her administration. In this paper, the author, as the Minister of Gender Affairs, must develop a new national plan that both addresses and ends the rampant discrimination against females in Mexico and, in turn, creates new ,generous gender equality policies. The essay addresses issues such as family Legislation, Labor Market Legislation, Trade Policies, Educational Policies, and Agrarian Legislation.
From the Paper
"As the world continues to become a smaller place through the use of new technologies like the Internet and the business community continues to face the intrinsic challenges caused by the highly competitive global economy, Mexico?s labor markets continue to tighten. As the Minister of Gender Affairs for Mexico, I will address the twenty-first century concerns with the Minister of Labor by having our industries hire more women than at any other point in our nation?s history. Once hired, these female workers will discover that the policies that we will institute will remove the existing discriminatory barriers blocking their career paths through obvious glass ceilings. Basically, the existing policies that promote gender discrimination in the work place mean that far too often our qualified females are stopped from moving into positions of leadership within their organization."
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Moral Development and Gender Roles, 2005.
Examines L. Kohlberg's six stages of moral development and discusses how a teacher can address the issues that surround gender bias in the classroom.
1,604 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper is an analysis and brief review of L. Kohlberg's six stages of moral development which include punishment and obedience orientation; individualism, instrumental purpose and exchange; mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and interpersonal conformity; social system and conscience; social contract or utility; and individual rights and universal ethical principals. In addition to the stages of moral development, this paper presents suggestions on how teachers can avoid bias, especially gender bias, in the classroom.
From the Paper
"Lastly, there is level 3, stage 6; the universal ethical principles orientation which also occurs in the stage of adolescence. Here the individual is searching for and in turn living in a way that is consistent with the deepest set of moral principles possible. Adolescents who reason in this way assume personal responsibility for their own actions on the basis of fundamental and universal principles, such as justice and basic respect for persons (Kohlberg, 1978: Kohlberg et al. , 1990). These ethnical principles are part of an articulated, integrated, carefully thought-out, and consistently followed system of values and principles (Bee, 2002)."
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Moral Development in Different Genders, 2002.
An examination of the different manner in which morals develop in males and females.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a detailed examination of the moral development of females and males. The writer discusses moral development including stages, reasoning, similarities and differences between females and males. The writer also discusses aggression in both genders and the impact on moral development.
From the Paper
'Today?s society faces many acts of violence against its members. Shootings such as Columbine, date rape drugs being slipped into sodas, gang style murders, rapes and robberies seem to be more common place with each passing year. This calls to question the morals of societal members and whether or not young boys and girls are being taught morals and values. Morals include things such as honesty, respect of others and leading one?s life in a fashion that is not harmful to others. Morals are something that is taught in the home, in the school and in social settings. Teaching morals is the teaching or expression of a conception of right behavior according to Webster dictionary. The internal ability to weigh the choices and choose the one that is right by societal standards as well as human decency provides the basics of morals. Within the last few decades there have been questions about differences in the genders. Boys and girls share many similarities and they also have many differences. The development of moral thinking and moral behavior is done in both genders, however there are measurable differences in the beliefs about how the moral development occurs between the two genders. There is a difference in the genders when it comes to the moral development and the influences on that development."
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Development in Developing Countries, 2005.
A study of domestic factors constraining development in developing countries.
1,120 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
The domestic factors that hold back development in a country usually emanate from bad or weak governance giving rise to conditions such as violence and armed conflict, widespread corruption, lack of infrastructure, lack of social cohesion, weak institutions, and urban bias, among others. In this paper, the writer examines some of these "internal" factors that constraint development and promote poverty in the developing countries.
Outline:
Introduction
Theories about Underdevelopment
Lack of Good Governance
1. Violence
2. Corruption
3. Over-population
4. Urban Bias
5. Lack of Infrastructure, Weak Institutions
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There are different theories about what causes underdevelopment in a country but there is no agreement among social scientists and economists about them. The cultural background, ideologies and biases usually determine the beliefs of individuals about these theories. People and experts in the developing countries tend to believe the ?external? theories for underdevelopment that emphasize factors such as an unjust world order and the effects of colonization and Western exploitation for their underdevelopment. The experts in the developed world consist mainly of ?internal theorists? who highlight the intrinsic cultural values and aptitudes of the people and the behavior and policies of the ruling elite that constraint development. They believe that lack of legal structures and strong institutions in the underdeveloped world generally lead to a break down in the rule of law which, in turn, promote corruption, exploitation of the weak and vulnerable, and an environment of chaos and anarchy?all of them combining to block development. "
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Factors Influencing Identity Development, 2003.
Many issues are examined in the pursuit of finding the most important influences on identity development in multiracial individuals. A reflection on this issue is given from personal experience.
2,866 words (approx. 11.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
A variety of sources are examined in order to find consistencies in what influences multiracial identity development. The paper explains that findings show a wide variety of factors that are linked to identity development in multiracial individuals. It concludes that multiracial individuals are as complex as the genetic differences among them.
From the Paper
"Many authors have attempted to define how multiracial individuals develop their identity: specifically, which factors contribute most to this development. The topic of identity development among bi-racial individuals is being analyzed more often today due to the growing numbers of multiracial children being born in the U.S. I?ve often wondered to what extinct my racial identity was influenced by the fact that the parent most influential in shaping my thinking was a member of the dominant society. This parent was the financial provider and also a member of societies elite; male and white. Could this fact have influenced where I lived, the size of my home, the amount of education my father achieved (thus influencing my future educational achievements), the racial composition of the neighborhood that I grew up in, my choice of friends and my daily experiences? Was I raised differently than other biracial persons who were raised by a father of color, simply due to the fact that white males are privileged members of our society that have more control over their environments? If so, how did this difference help shape or determine how I later racially identified? Sue and Sue quote Bowles (2003) by stating that, ?in a clinical study of ten families, when the mother is white and the father is black, daughters are more likely to identify with the mother?s racial background: and when the mother is black and the father white, boys and girls will likely identify with being black. Why then, did all eight of my fathers children choose to identify themselves as multiracial instead of black? Assuming that my case is not unique, other factors more telling than same-sex parental identification must factor into identity development among multiracial individuals."
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