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| Term Paper # 62624 |
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Secondary Physical Education, 2006.
This paper is a literature review relating to the history of secondary physical education in the United States, which is used to develop an ideal secondary physical education curriculum.
2,590 words (approx. 10.4 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the (1) multi-activity, (2) sports education, (3) social responsibility, (4) fitness, (5) lifelong physical activity and (6) eclectic models for secondary physical education. The author points out that that it is critical that the physical education instructor team with the community to procure the equipment and other resources, especially for urban schools. The paper proposes that the ideal secondary physical education curriculum is a combination of several of the models and recognizes the importance of community participation in the development of physical education initiatives.
Table of Contents:
Objective
Background
Curriculum Models for Secondary Physical Education
Multi-Activity Model
Sports Education Model
Social Responsibility Model
Fitness Model
Lifelong Physical Activity Model
Eclectic Model
Meeting the Call for Equipment and Technology Needs
Proposed Physical Education Model
From the Paper
"The fifth model is the Lifelong Physical Activity Model which has as its focus assisting students to "find physical activities they like and will do for the remainder of their lives." Within the framework of this model students are able to focus on the activities they like best and to become skilled through practice at these activities. These activities include individual and dual activities. Stated in relation to this model is that "Besides becoming skillful in a number of lifetime activities students must develop self-confidence for activities (self-efficacy) and self-esteem if they are to acquire lifelong activity habits.""
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Physical Education vs. Educational Achievement, 2006.
This paper discusses the issue of physical education and its relationship to academic proficiency.
3,163 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper examines in-depth the correlation of a sedentary life style and poor academic achievement while stressing the need for implementing a more aggressive approach to physical and nutritional education in America's school systems which would result in greater academic performance. The writer also discusses how the current physical education programs in the nation's schools vary with the affluence of the neighborhoods.
From the Paper
"The problem with teaching nutrition, for example, lies in Inner city schools, where minorities and children from poor families come to get their one solid meal of the day. How do you teach "nutrition" to such deprived children? And, isn't it a fact that mal-nourished and under-nourished children do badly on exams simply because their bodies cannot keep up, and their attention-spans may be limited if by nothing else than hunger pangs. Over-eating, obese children also tend to have some learning problems, because their over-saturated digestive systems tend to make them logy. However, some elementary nutrition subjects must be taught, and they should be considered part of the Health/Physical Education curriculum."
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Computers and Physical Education Departments, 2002.
Proposes a research study to examine why computers are an underutilized resource for high school physical education teachers.
11,000 words (approx. 44.0 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 217.95
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Abstract
The purpose of this research is to determine the level of usage of computers by high school physical education departments as well as the level of knowledge that physical education teachers have regarding the use of this technology. It gives insight as to the attitudes of physical education teachers towards the use of computers in the physical education setting. The research aims to develop a solution to get more physical education departments to use computers for the maximum benefit of their student population. The paper makes extensive use of tables.
Paper Outline:
General Introduction
Introduction
Rationale for Study
Scope of Study
Thesis
Literature Review
Current State of Technology and Usage
Critical Issues in Implementing the Use of computers in Physical Education
How Computers Can Help Achieve National Standards for Physical Development and Health
Current Software for Physical Education
Methodology
Sample Population
Survey Instrument
Data Analysis and Interpretation
Assumptions and Limitations of Study
Findings
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Computer technology is an integral part of other subjects such as math and science, but has been seldom used as a learning tool in physical education. Other than for record keeping, the computer has been used very little. Children need to know the basics of physical conditioning and other topics that are not covered in health class. In health class, they learn the basics, but physical education could be so much more than it is today. Children need to learn how to stay fit. We know the health benefits and the advantages that exercise have on the brain?s ability to learn. Physical education could use computer technology to give students a broader understanding of these topics."
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Physical Education, 2007.
This paper presents a detailed examination of physical education as a profession.
3,030 words (approx. 12.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explores the history of physical education, within the school systems as well as the views about the profession. The writer examines why children need physical education and debates the current duties of a physical education teacher compared to past duties. The writer presents a defense of the physical education teaching profession using solid research and current trends. The writer concludes that while there has been a perceptual issue in the past about the professionalism of a physical education teacher, that perception has changed in recent years. The writer maintains that today, physical education teachers are dedicated to not only teaching sports to their students, but also to the instilling a lifelong understanding of the importance of physical fitness and health.
Outline:
Introduction
What Has Changed
The PE Teacher Today
A Nation Divided
Why
Proof- It is a Work Profession
Obstacles
Conclusion
From the Paper
"For many years physical education teachers were considered the "easy" teachers. They dragged out a dodge ball and watched the students play until the bell rang. More recently however the medical field has convinced society of the importance of physical exercise and maintaining physical fitness. When this happened the physical education teacher became much more important in the total picture of education. Today, physical education is a vital part of education. The physical education teacher provides a life long foundation for fitness and health that will allow the student to maintain the ability to pursue the career and personal interests that the other subjects train them for. Physical education teaching used to be considered a profession of leisure but today it is highly respected as its rightful profession of work."
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Physical Education Teachers, 2007.
This paper describes the work and responsibilities of the physical education teacher.
1,928 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a detailed examination of professional physical education teachers. The writer explores the history of physical education within the school systems as well as the views about the profession. The author also examines why children need physical education and debates the current duties of a physical education teacher compared to past duties. The writer presents a defense of the physical education teaching profession using solid research and current trends.
Introduction
What has Changed
The PE Teacher Today
A Nation Divided
Why
Proof it is a Work Profession
References
From the Paper
"Before one can begin to understand why the general perception of a physical education career has changed it is important for one to understand the changes that have taken place in the field of education. Experts agree that for today's physical education teacher to be successful with students it is important to combine components of academics, fitness training and sports introduction. This has been an evolving field of education for several decades as society has begun to realize the importance of physical fitness awareness not only from a physical health standpoint but for a mental health standpoint as well(Physical, 2001).
Years ago, students were expected to dress out in PE uniforms, take part in some game of skill or luck and then take a shower and head for the next class. There was no classroom training or teaching. There was no discussion about health, nutrition, physical fitness or other aspects of physical education. Instead, there was an hour of physical sport, a shower and that was it(Physical, 2001). The PE teacher grades students on whether or not they wore their uniform to participate, was it clean, was it in good repair? In addition they provided letter or point system grades for whether or not the students took their showers before attending their next class. "
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The Importance of Physical Education, 2002.
Promotes the importance of school curriculum that includes physical education.
4,615 words (approx. 18.5 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 119.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the history, the implementation and defense of physical education. It starts from the premise that a well-rounded child has a good understanding of his or her own body and understands what it takes to keep that body healthy and active.
History of Physical Education
Goals of Physical Education
Childhood Health Crisis ? Inactivity and Obesity
School Sports
Cuts and Inequality in Physical Education
From the Paper
"The history of sports and physical activity is a tremendously engaging story starting with the early Greeks and the first Olympics, to soldiers and warriors throughout history. Indeed, an argument can be made that modern physical education was the result of war worries in and of itself. Like many other major achievements in the United States, the promotion of physical education was a byproduct of the Cold War."
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History of Physical Education, 2007.
This paper discusses physical education and looks at its history.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that from the time the first Olympiad was held in 776 BC, sports and physical education have become a part of health and fitness goals as well as a way of fostering community and political cooperation. Using the definition of physical education provided by R.L. McDaniel, this paper discusses physical education as "the means by which development of the total person is enhanced." The paper then provides a brief timeline and historical perspective of physical education.
From the Paper
"In 1953, physical fitness levels in school aged children were compared between the US and Europe; with results demonstrating the US performed significantly poorer than their European counterparts. This comparison was believed to be the catalyst for Federal Government involvement, such that in 1953 President Eisenhower formed the first Council on Youth Fitness (renamed to the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports). In 1994 the Physical Bet fitness testing program was established and in 2000 the Physical Education for Progress Act was approved by congress, although President Bush imposed a moratorium on the Act the following year."
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Citizenship and Physical Education, 2002.
An analysis of possible ways of effectively integrating citizenship within the physical education curriculum.
3,656 words (approx. 14.6 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 101.95
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Abstract
This paper attempts to focus on the new programme for citizenship and identify potential opportunities for PE departments to support the delivery of this new subject. Particular attention is directed towards the role of physical education in promoting active lifestyles, where it is argued that that the subject can make a significant contribution to pupils social, moral, cultural and spiritual values.
Outline
Introduction
Citizenship within the Curriculum
The Role of Physical Education
Lack of Guidance for Teachers
Linking Citizenship and SMSC Within Physical Education at KS 3 and 4 Additional Strategies for Implementing Citizenship Within Physical Education
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Crick report, which laid the foundations for the Citizenship Curriculum, suggests strong reasoning why Citizenship should be established within the Curriculum and why teachers should be prepared to tackle specific issues within society. Fundamentally, the report highlights the importance of discussing issues of sportsmanship, fair play and political and religious concerns, either because the subject could directly affect them or because they will, in some way in a democratic society, have opportunities to take part in influencing the outcome."
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Physical Education Training Models in a Secondary School, 2003.
An in-depth examination of the fragmented theories that apply to physical education in schools. The paper explains that there is no consensus and examines the problems involved.
27,900 words (approx. 111.6 pages), 114 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
Practical experience in teaching is a controversial issue. There is no consensus about it. This field includes training physical education teachers for schools. Many students believe that practical experience is the core of the teaching process that applies the theories they learned, the didactic methods to impart knowledge skills. This paper examines several influential parameters, including the interaction between teaching students and the pedagogical instructor, as well as mentor, and their contribution to the practical training of physical education instruction students. The paper also indirectly proposes changes and emphasis on content in the practical experiment curriculum of these students, which makes an essential contribution to their training success.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Chapter A ? Literature Review
Teacher Training
The Behaviorist Model
The Rationalist ? Platonic Model
The Hermeneutic Model
The Critical Model
The Constructivist Model
Physical Education
Chapter B ? Research Methods
Chapter C ? Findings
Chapter D ? Discussion
Chapter E ? Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
Bibliography
Appendices
Appendix A
Appendix B
From the Paper
"In addition, during the practical training, factors that are involved in training students in their training process and that affect them are involved, such as pedagogy and the mentor (Reichenberg 1998). There are two basic perspectives regarding the practical application of theories in the work conducted by students of teaching.
The first, and more dominant, views actual teaching in a classroom as an applicable science, i.e. a process that links the theory to practice. In other words, the development of the ability to apply theoretical knowledge learned by the student within the educational framework, and the practical experience in the training process in schools."
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Physical Education, 2005.
An investigation into how the development of key skills within physical education has been received in schools.
3,765 words (approx. 15.1 pages), 19 sources, MLA, $ 103.95
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Abstract
This paper proposes a study to investigate the development of key skills within physical education with a main focus on Information Communication Technology (ICT) and teachers' opinions surrounding this key skill. It attempts to understand what motivates teachers to use ICT and the impact ICT has on physical education when integrated at Key Stage 3. It also examines issues such as funding, training, resources, age and finding the time to implement this key skill without losing practical time.
Outline
Introduction
Overview
Current Practice Within School
A ICT Within Physical Education
Methodology
Questionnaires
Results
Analysis and Discussion
Training, Personal Confidence and Age
Access and Resources
Strengths and Weaknesses of ICT in PE At Key Stage 3
Is There a Place for the ICT Key Skill Within PE?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Government's push for ICT to be recognised as an important key skill within compulsory education has received widespread support, and many writers have commented on its possibilities. Leask and Williams (1999) described the importance of the integration of ICT into the Curriculum, and agree with the DfEE when describing network literacy as "a vital extension of the ability to read and write". (p 194). This was also confirmed by research evidence found by Bonnet et al (1999) who agreed that, with sufficient support, interactive ICT in particular has the potential to develop qualities of evaluation, independence and responsibility in children's learning and understanding."
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Physical Education in the Middle School, 2002.
A discussion of pre-adolescent diversity, curriculum and pedagogic content of physical education programs.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 9 sources, $ 103.95
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Abstract
Discusses pre-adolescent diversity, curriculum, pedagogic content of physical education programs. Physical, emotional, intellectual and social development of pre-adolescents. Goal of physical education programs & approaches to achieving goal. Types of desirable curriculum & examples. Case study example. Teaching of social beliefs, behaviors & conformity in addition to physical fitness (hidden curriculum).
From the Paper
"Physical Education in the Middle School
Review of The Literature
Introduction
This review of the literature regarding physical education in the middle school will include the following relevant topics: pre adolescent diversity, curriculum evaluation, pedagogic content, the case study example, and the hidden curriculum.
Pre Adolescent Diversity
The middle school, developed around 30 years ago, was designed for the young adolescent, who was not ready for the impersonal climate found in the high school environment. The nature of this situation comes with difficulties that are yet to be resolved. Placek (1992) visited four middle schools and found that teachers and principles are still searching and struggling..."
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Physical Education, 2002.
A paper which argues that physical education should be included when assessing a student's GPA.
1,215 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper presents an argument in favor of using physical education grades in the averaging of GPA?s at the high school level. The writer explores the benefits of the physical education programs and explains why those grades should be used for the compilation of grade point averages.
Contents:
Introduction
The Argument for Removing the PE Grades
Why They Should Be Used
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There are many people who believe that the grades from physical education should be removed from the calculation of grade point averages in high school students. They feel that it gives a false perception of what the student is capable of. A student who is academically capable but is not physically coordinated can have their overall GPA lowered because of the grades they receive in PE."
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The Importance of Physical Education, 2002.
An examination of the benefit of physical education in building correct motor skills in children.
5,890 words (approx. 23.6 pages), 21 sources, MLA, $ 140.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the development of motor skills for appropriate ages and discerns the benefits of a physical education program for developing these skills. It also demonstrates the direct connection between physical education programs and the proper and full development of motor skills in contemporary society, with reference to some specific programs that have been developed and utilized to achieve this objective.
From the Paper
"Physical education is often given a secondary place in the educational services of our schools, as if it were a good thing but one that could be dispensed with if necessary. In truth, physical education is an essential component of childhood development. Consider just the development of motor skills in young children and how this is effected and improved by a program of physical education in schools. Children do develop motor skills naturally through activity and play, but physical education programs help channel childhood energy and assure that these necessary skills are acquired and honed. This is more important in a more sedentary era such as we live in today, a time when many children engage in less after-school play on their own and so need the concentrated activity a physical education program provides."
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