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Freud?s Theory of Repression, 2004.
An analysis of psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud's theory of subconscious repression, and the response of other psychologists to this theory.
2,675 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
Sigmund Freud is commonly attributed with creating the theory of the conscious and subconscious, with the concept of the many sexual complexes and drives that run our lives and our subconscious, and with the idea that things, which are not socially acceptable, will be hidden away within the subconscious. This paper provides an overview of this process of burying the unacceptable aspects of life away into the subconscious regression. It is generally believed, though there appear to be exceptions to this belief, that Freud considered all repression to be a subconscious act, a sort of ?defense mechanism? against the uncomfortable or painful facts of life. The paper also examines the response of four psychologists to Freud's theory of repression, namely those of Carl Jung, Alfred Adler, B.F. Skinner, and Michael Billig.
From the Paper
"Recently, the idea of ?repressed memories? of a sexual nature has led to what some people consider a witch-hunt, and others a true renaissance: the rise of psychologists aiding patients, and women in particular, to recover memories of sexual abuse which are at the root of their problems. Some debate exists as to whether this is what Freud had in mind when he spoke of repression -- some suggest that he turned away from the reality of incest in order to pursue his ideas of repressed fantasies materializing as memories, others suggest that his very idea of repression validates the recovered memories."
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Freud & Marx on Repression, 2001.
Essay on era Marx lived in, his opposition to violations of human rights, his view of repressive nature of capitalism. Examines Freud's view of repression as a necessity to restrict the individual's untrammeled expression of natural instincts.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"The ideas of Karl Marx and Sigmund Freud had such influence on the Twentieth Century that it is hard to find any other figure to compare them with. Both were born Jews, became atheists, and criticized their societies as few before or since have done. Each was endowed with a brilliant mind, and followed the logic of their thinking to conclusions that brought them widespread derision and opposition, as well as zealousadherents. The political world has never been the same since Marx. And it?s fair to say we human beings will never see the immense and unexplored jungle in our own psyches the same way after Freud.
Many people are awed by the work of great intellectuals, thinking their thought will be beyond comprehension. But the..."
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Grotesques, 2003.
Uses Sherwood Anderson's theory of the grotesque and Freud's theory of repression to discuss two stories in "Winesburg, Ohio":- "Hands" and "Godliness Part III".
1,914 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 0 sources, $ 61.95
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Abstract
Because the characters in Anderson?s "Winesberg, Ohio" have difficulty communicating or even understanding their innermost feelings, it seems safe to say that the characters are psychologically repressed, as Freud explains the term. This paper asks what we gain and what we lose from thinking about inner life in the way that Anderson and Freud suggest. Are these theories of repression and the grotesque useful theories for thinking about inner life?
From the Paper
"In Winesburg, Ohio Sherwood Anderson creates an outwardly quaint midwestern town whose inhabitants all seem to harbor some deep personal sadness. Anderson refers to these characters as ?grotesques,? a term he introduces in the book?s prologue. The old writer from the prologue, who possibly represents Anderson himself, believes that hundreds of beautiful man-made truths exist in the world, and that these truth have a way of distorting and warping people when seized with a certain single-mindedness: ?the moment one of the people took one of the truths to himself, called it his truth, and tried to live his life by it, he became a grotesque and the truth he embraced became a false-hood?(26). Each story that follows brings the reader into the inner life of one of these characters at that crucial moment. The resulting disillusionment and sadness seems to come from the character?s inability to fully grasp his or her situation. Certain thoughts and feelings are repressed, leaving Anderson?s characters isolated and emotionally disfigured. In delving into these dark inner lives, Anderson relies heavily on the ideas of Sigmund Freud, particularly Freud?s concept of repression?the ego ridding itself of unacceptable ideas and desires by ?dumping? them into the unconscious. This repression, according to Freud, has a tendency to resurface in many negative ways, resulting in various forms of neurosis. From what Anderson and Freud suggest, we learn that when a person is repressed, they become a figure of the grotesque. We can use these theories to avoid being a part of the grotesque ourselves."
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Repression and the Self, 2006.
A comparative analysis of Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytical theory and his interpretation of dreams.
1,312 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a comparative analysis between Freud's psychoanalytical theory and the generalizations and findings he presented in "The Interpretation of Dreams." The analysis includes a comparison of the similarities and differences between the two discourses made by Freud and specifically, how his analysis of dreams led to the formation of psychoanalysis. Thus, this paper posits how "The Interpretation of Dreams" had become the bastion of psychoanalytical theory's success, wherein the latter's findings led to the development of a more solid foundation of Freud's general theory on the unconscious mental processes occurring within the individual.
From the Paper
"The psychoanalysis theory also distinguished between extant dichotomies in the individual. The theory identified the existence of the conscious and the unconscious selves, wherein the latter is identified as the true Self and the former, the "impersonal one." This distinction was also extant in "Interpretation." In establishing what dreams meant when applied in the context of the life and history of the individual, Freud centered his discussion on the dichotomy between the explicit and implicit meaning of dreams-that is, the material and unconscious forms that dreams take in the minds of people. "
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Freud?s Continued Presence in Education, 2002.
This paper examines the continuing presence of Freud?s theory of socialization in our modern educational system.
920 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
The assumptions we hold about the nature of humanity function as the platform upon which all other suppositions are made about social behavior in social theory. The paper shows that of particular importance to psychologist Sigmund Freud was how human nature shapes ideas about the relationship between ourselves and our social world. Because of this, it is necessary to teach the control of the self, the repression of urges, that would be a detriment to the broader society. The paper discusses how Freud believed that the best way to accomplish this process of repression of natural urges is through the childhood socialization process ? an idea that educators have taken strongly to heart. This paper therefore examines the continuing presence of Freud?s theory of socialization in our modern educational system.
From the Paper
"Freud introduced the idea that a society is capable of whatever is in human nature. If it is within human nature to be aggressive, then society will, as an expression of human nature, be aggressive as well. An aggressive society is likely to self-destruct (how many times has history proven that?). Therefore, toward the necessity of social longevity, it is in the best interests of the community to repress its aggressive tendencies. As educational philosophy and theory clearly point out that adults have a very difficult time changing behavioral patterns, such education in repression of aggressive impulses must logically begin in childhood. Therefore, schools have long had rules regarding behavior that have been strictly enforced. These rules focus on the urges or impulses that a child may have that need to be repressed. Rules that repress urges include those regarding aggression, cheating, attendance, speaking out of turn, questioning authority, and the like are all rules that repress natural human urges."
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John Rawls? ?A Theory of Justice?, 2002.
This paper discusses John Rawls' ?A Theory of Justice?, which presents a theory of justice that supports the liberal-democratic viewpoint of the rights and freedoms of individuals in society.
1,710 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
The paper states that the John Rawls' theory declares that no inborn benefits of political authority, substance riches or natural capability should irreversibly or overpoweringly establish life chances and that these morally subjective issues should not establish the value of political liberties to moral persons. The author points out that Rawls and numerous other moderate philosophers employed this theory as a weapon with which to impose warfare on the English nobility by which a minority was repressing monetarily and socially a majority. The author believes that, in the twentieth century, John Rawls's emphasis on impartiality has lured extra observations and stimulated extended concentration than any other exertion in ethical or opinionated philosophy.
Table of Contents
Introduction
The Origin of the Theory and the State of the Justice System at that Time
Justification
Constructivism
Utilitarianism
Intuitionism
Contrast with Kant?s Theory
Impact of the Theory; Now and Then
From the Paper
"Setting the juncture for his conjecture of justice Rawls aims at the departure of utilitarianism and labels it a "distribution problem". As stated by Rawls, utilitarianism grows erroneous if it disappoints to disburse concentration to how that welfare is circulated; there is nothing incorrect, however, with the utilitarian model of publicizing the common interests. The contentment of others cannot make up for the immense anguishes by a few. This is a sharing difficulty as when the pain is circulated in one location and the pleasure is circulated everyplace else, delight disappoints to recompense for the pain i.e. "one man's fortune is another man's gain". Or else if one endures at the present for some afterward reward, then the victim is satisfied later, than likewise the beneficiary of the anguish is afterward the receiver of the pleasure, equalizes it. Equally, it is unjust to compel one to compensate for one?s sins but just if one compensates for himself. Utilitarians can't eliminate a definite type of discriminatory agreement for the reason that the reimbursements and afflictions are not disseminated reasonably by being oblivious to how that pleasure is scattered and in its place considering the figure of bliss. It is vital to observe that it is the injustice that plights Rawls not the inequality of the agreement. Such an unjust conclusion cannot survive in any moral organization. Therefore, it is no chance that considering this Rawls opts to name his conjecture "Justice as Fairness"."
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?Civilization and Its Discontents?, 2002.
A study of how Sigmund Freud's theory of the subconscious is reflected in his work "Civilization and its Discontents"
883 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how Freud's theories about the mind, repression and aggression, dreams and civilization are reflected in his work, "Civilization and Its Discontents", originally published in 1929-30. The paper shows that the central theme of Freud's work is that without repression of the instincts there would be no civilization. Freud describes how, as human-kind moves historically from cave man to modern times, in order for them to survive in groups and communities, they have to learn to cooperate with each other. The paper describes how this evolving cooperation offers humans securities needed for survival, but it also causes them to repress or bury inside themselves many natural tendencies. This repression creates a tension between the inner self, or the subconscious and the outer world. The paper explains how, in "Civilization and Its Discontents" Freud further develops his theory, demonstrating how the subconscious mind, with it's three divisions - id, ego and super-ego - is in continual conflict, or discontent, with civilized society.
From the Paper
"A main area of repression of instinct that causes one of the strongest conflicts with civilization is sex. According to Freud, man's main purpose in life is to seek happiness and the repression of his sexual instincts, as required by civilization, severely limits his opportunity to find pleasure and satisfaction in sexuality. Civilization demands that man not rush out in cave-man fashion to gratify his sexual instinct wherever and whenever the urge strikes. Rather, monogamous relationships established more for the purpose of propagating the race than for offering sexual pleasure are encouraged, and non-heterosexual urges are strongly discouraged (Freud 60-61)."
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Habermas's Theory and Feminism, 2002.
A look at how Haberman's theory is of use in the feminist platform.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This twelve-page graduate paper discusses how Habermas's theory could be useful to feminism. Habermas's theory plays a balancing act in feminism. It neither accepts the radical nature of those who use feminism to complain of repression. Nor does it dismiss feminism. Habermas has played a useful role in reminding people of the basis of feminism, and the need for universalism, equality and tolerance. His theory has influenced many in the struggle for justice.
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Repression, 1995.
Exploration of the history and concept of repressed memory. Looks at proposed definitions, possible mechanisms and critiques of the theory of repression.
3,600 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 13 sources, $ 127.95
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From the Paper
"Repressed Memory
Introduction
The problem with the scientific exploration of repressed memory is, as Elizabeth Loftus and others have noted, is that it is very difficult, if not impossible, to prove that it either exists or does not exist. The intent in the following pages is to explore the history of the concept of repressed memory, examining both proposed definitions or mechanisms for it, and critiques of the conceptualization.
The Early History of Repressed Memory
There is a clear difference between memories that have simply been forgotten, or are inaccessible to us, and repressed ..."
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Political Control and Repression, 2002.
Introduction, discussion, and analysis of the books, "Red Azalea: Life and Love in China" and "Lost Names: Scenes from a Korean Boyhood".
1,060 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how two books, "Red Azaliea: Life and Love in China" by Anchee Min and "Lost Names: Scenes from a Korean boyhood" by Richard Kim, portray societies in which ordinary life is subject to extraordinary political repression. How do authorities in each case try to assert control? How do the protagonists come to an outlook different from the official line? Both of the central characters in these autobiographies suffer at the hands of oppressors, and both survive to live better lives. The authorities use power, control, and repression to hang on to their political authority, but all they do is create hatred and animosity in the people, and ultimately, their control comes crashing down around them.
From the Paper
"Both of these autobiographical tales show the great cruelties and evils that can be inflicted on a society by an aggressor or a despot who employ extraordinary political repression. In "Lost Names," Kim's memories of occupied Koreas show how the Japanese attempted to infiltrate every facet of Korean life. The Japanese begin programming the young Koreans early by hanging the Japanese flag and propagandist slogans in their school classrooms (Kim 31). Throughout the book, the Japanese break the Koreans; spirit by stealing what is theirs by their hard work, and leaving them with next to nothing. For example, the Japanese take the prevalent and favored rice from the Koreans and send it home to Japan, leaving the Koreans feeling nothing but hunger and bitterness. "
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Freud and Ibsen, 2002.
An application of the theories of Freud to the character of Nora in the "The Dolls House" by Ibsen.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper will show how Nora in "The Dolls House" by Ibsen, shows the characteristics of Freud's theory of Electra and the Id, as well as the theory of Repression that are so a part of the psychology in this play. By combining these ideas together a complete psychoanalysis of the main character Nora can be had for examination.
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Repression And The Victorian Gentleman, 2002.
This paper addresses the conditions of the perception of the "gentleman" in "The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde".
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the conditions of the perception of the "gentleman" in "The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde". The concept that it was the repression placed upon the Victorian gentleman that resulted in the creation of the Hyde monster shall be of particular note.
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Repression of Women in Islam, 2002.
A paper which examines how women's rights are being supressed in Muslim countries throughout the world.
1,284 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
Study and investigation on the role and treatment of women in Islam nations show that Muslim societies and nations generally disregard the inalienable rights of women, as set out by the United Nations on Women's Rights. This stance is developed and proved in the paper, by discussing what these ?inalienable? rights of women are and what steps feminist movements have taken for the preservation of the good welfare of women in these kind of societies.
From the Paper
"Another article from the said issue of TIME Magazine is an article titled ?The Women of Islam? by Lisa Beyer. This article offers a summarized view and report on the treatment of women in various Islamic nations. Iran is said to be ?progressing? towards a greater consideration of the society towards its women by gradually removing the practice of segregation between men and women in public places; Malaysia now allows women to obtain and secure professions that are previously held exclusively by men, such as public (political) and corporate positions, although women are still required to wear head coverings; Egypt is allowing women to be granted divorce on her own initiative, although there are still restrictions, such as not being able to ?leave the country without her husband?s permission?; Saudi Arabia remains oppressive and discriminatory with its laws against women such as the prohibition for women to ?drive cars or fly anywhere without permission,? segregation in sex for job opportunities, and covering one?s self completely in public; Pakistan also violates women rights by giving them an unfair hearing and trial during rape cases, wherein men are always favored against that of women; and lastly, Turkey is considered the most liberal Muslim nation today because of the equal opportunities it provides for women and men, such as the equal opportunity to acquire education, jobs, and other privileges of the country?s citizens (Beyer 200140-7)."
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Gender, Desire, and Repression in ?Goblin Market?, 2001.
An analysis of the poem by Christina Rossetti called ?Goblin Market?.
2,357 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 0 sources, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper performs a close reading of Christina Rossetti's poem, "Goblin Market," arguing that the the two central characters of the poem, sisters Lizzie and Laura, represent the dichotomy of Victorian female sexuality. Ultimately, the poem is deeply ambivalent about the demands of society upon expressions of gender and sexuality.
From the Paper
"Christina Rossetti?s ?Goblin Market? is ostensibly a poem about two sisters who are nightly tempted to buy fruits from the goblin-merchants; it is on one level a simple moralistic tale about the near-deadly consequences of yielding to temptation and the virtues of resisting it, and, in the end, about the importance of loving one?s sister. Yet reading the poem it is impossible not to be struck not only by the obvious and jolting sexual imagery but by the overwhelming sense of sensuality merged with horror that pervades the entire work. Laura and Lizzie come to be not just two sisters with different reactions to the ?Come buy? cries of the goblins, but representatives of the two prevailing models of Victorian femininity. Lizzie is the ?proper? feminine ideal: modest, domestic, and possessing enormous amounts of self-restraint. Laura is the illicit woman: lustful, rebellious, and wantonly unrestrained. But though Rossetti does ultimately advocate Lizzie?s model, she does not condemn Laura so much as sympathize with her, and her dichotomy is not as clear-cut as it might appear at first. Rossetti probes deeply into the nature of desire in a repressive Victorian context, in a society where female desire is both hidden and exploited. It is a system which forces conformity and sublimation of desire in order to ensure survival and enable some kind of contentment; by the end of the poem Laura has essentially become Lizzie. However, in examining this repression of desire and the constructed sexuality and gender roles that necessitate it, the poem questions these institutions and concludes that they are ultimately destructive for all involved."
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Theories of Dream Interpretation, 2003.
Examines the differences between Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung?s theories of dream interpretation based on Freud's patient, "Dora".
4,116 words (approx. 16.5 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 110.95
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Abstract
After psychiatrists Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung met, they immediately formed a close friendship. Jung learned as much as he could from Freud, and Freud was very eager to pass on his knowledge and beliefs. The paper shows however, that after six years, Jung felt that Freud needed to broaden his theories. Freud was unable to accept this criticism because he expected unquestioning loyalty from his followers. The two men parted and expanded on their own theories independently. The paper explains that Freud maintained his theory that all dreams are the fulfillment of repressed wishes and contain mostly sexual symbols. Jung, however, believed that dreams do not have to be wish fulfillments and that the role of sex is not as strong as Freud believed it was. Based on their different theories, this paper explores how Jung might have analyzed Dora, one of Freud?s patients. Sigmund Freud?s interpretation of dreams differs from Carl Jung?s interpretation due to his different opinion of the purpose of dreams and the role of sexuality, as evidenced in their contrary analysis of Dora in this paper.
From the Paper
"Freud decided to begin his analysis of Dora?s first dream using free association. Through this method, Freud discovered that Dora?s parents had been fighting because Dora?s mother was locking the dining room door at night. Dora?s father was upset because if something were to happen in the night, then her brother would be locked inside the house since his bedroom only leads into the dining room. When Dora?s father mentioned his fear of something happening at night, Dora thought about a fire. Freud concluded that it was this fear of fire that caused Dora?s recurring dream to resurface (Freud 82)."
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