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Forming a Bank Holding Company, 2004.
A research paper that examines the structure, governance, and regulations in forming a bank holding company.
14,700 words (approx. 58.8 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This research paper describes the process of forming a bank holding company in the United States. The behavior of a bank holding company is strongly linked to the success of the banks it holds. Therefore, if business leaders can pinpoint how to set up a successful holding structure, they may have a better chance of successfully progressing their business. This study examines the positive and negative aspects of forming a bank holding company. By reviewing existing literature and conducting an empirical study, the author provides recommendations about the structure and governance of bank holding companies to help interested parties determine the best way to form a bank holding company.
Table of Contents:
Chapter 1 - Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose and Importance of the Study
Scope of the Study
Rationale of the Study
Definition of Terms
Overview of the Study
Chapter 2 ? Literature Review
Understanding Banks
Forming and Expanding a Bank Holding Company
Financial Holding Company Requirements
BHC Regulations
Capital Building Options for Bank Holding Companies
Pros and Cons of Forming a Bank Holding Company
Stocks and Governance
Corporate Governance and Banking Law
The Role of Bank and Holding Company Audit Committees
Chapter 3 - Methodology
Data Gathering Method
Database of Study
Validity of Data
Chapter 4 - Data Analysis
Chapter 5 - Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Third, when the governance of the holding company works as it should, all of the interested stakeholders become aligned. The umbrella supervisor, the holding company, the bank, and the bank supervisor should work toward the same goal: the safe and sound operation of the enterprise. Holding company control is one salutary structural feature that should remain."
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Impact of E-Banking on the Banking Industry, 2006.
An in-depth analysis of individual commercial banks and how they service their customers.
13,765 words (approx. 55.1 pages), 31 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses individual commercial banks and how they service their customers. It analyzes the quality of banking services that a customer gets and how the services are provided to the customer. It describes the three main channels for banking today - through branches, through the internet and on telephone.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Chapter I
How Internet Banking Has Grown In The Last Decades, Especially Regarding New Product Being Offered
Evolution of Internet Banking
Present Status and Profile of E-Banking Offered By Banks
Nature of Product Offered
Chapter II
The Operations of Banks In Different Areas: What Is The Contribution?
Effects of E-Banking on Banking Operations: What Is The Contribution of Internet Banking Toward The Business?
Chapter III
General Benefits of Banks From E-Business and Other Communication
Performance Measurement
Chapter IV
Reality of System Risks and Control
Conclusion
From the Paper
"To understand the relationship that can develop between the Internet and banks, one has to first understand the nature of both these items. The first to be understood is the banks. So far as banks are concerned, at the beginning of the twenty-first century, central banking which is the source of all banking activity would appear to be at a crossroads in their future. Earlier it was the lender of last resort, active participant in stabilizing economic fluctuations, and now the present main function is being the guardian of price stability. As it is still the monetary authority, much is expected from them. At one stage, fiscal policy was considered to be the main instrument of economic policy, the situation changed to an ascendancy of monetary policy and that was noted by the late 1980s in most parts of the industrialized world. This had a lot of implications for the role of the central bank."
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Case Study: People's Insurance Company, 2007.
This paper is a case study exploring organizational and management problems relating to the close integration of People's Insurance Company of Canada (PICC) with its parent company, People's Bank.
1,470 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that problems began at People's Insurance Company of Canada (PICC) when its originally organic and non-hierarchical organizational structure was integrated into the more traditional hierarchical structure of People's Bank, resulting in a highly mechanistic structure at the insurance company. The author of the paper recommends that, given the biases of the bank and the insurance company, the problems regarding the decision-making process must be evaluated by an outside, independent auditor/consultant. The paper stresses that one of the key ironies of downsizing as a cost saving strategy is that, while costs obviously may be reduced by downsizing a company's labor force, in general, downsized companies do not meet either their productivity or profitability goals.
From the Paper
"In the case of PICC, this is a particular issue with respect to friction between the insurance company and the bank, as various bank staff have noted that people occupying comparable levels in the insurance company are rewarded with company cars and other perks while they themselves are not. The PICC management have defended these differences on the grounds that higher salary levels etc. were necessary to attract skilled employees within the insurance industry. As a start-up instead of an established institution, this need to attract and motivate staff with perks is a prime concern."
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Banking Profitability Determinants, 2008.
A complete research paper to identify profitability determinants of the banking industry in U.S.A.
11,560 words (approx. 46.2 pages), 44 sources, MLA, $ 225.95
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Abstract
This research paper develops an appropriate econometric model whereby the primary determinants of profitability of the top five bank holding companies in the United States could be examined and understood. To accomplish this purpose, an econometric model based on internal aspects of the banking organizations as they related to their return on assets and external aspects of the environment in which they compete as measured by growth in GDP was developed based on guidance provided by economists and industry experts to determine the impact of the external national economy of these five leading banks according to their size as measured by total assets. A critical review of the relevant peer-reviewed, scholarly and organizational literature is followed by an analysis of the statistical data for these bank holding companies using the econometric model. A summary of the research and salient conclusions are provided in the concluding chapter. The paper includes several graphs, tables, and charts.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of Study
Importance of Study
Scope of Study
Rationale of Study
Overview of Study
Review of Related Literature
Methodology
Description of the Study Approach
Data-gathering Method and Database of Study
Data Analysis
Econometric Model
Summary and Conclusions
Appendix: United States' Largest Bank Holding Companies (as of June 2007)
Appendix: Excel Spreadsheet Results of Data Analysis
From the Paper
"Based on the foregoing constraints, a better indicator of profitability was required for the purposes of this investigation. As noted above, the empirical test used in this study is concerned with the determinants profitability of these five leading bank holding companies in the United States as of June 2007. For this purpose, the measure of profitability of each bank was defined as the return on assets (ROA); the ROA is a ratio that is calculated by dividing the net income over total assets. The macro-economic variable GDP per capita growth was also used in the model as estimated by the CIA World Factbook for 2006 and the International Monetary Fund for the years 2004 and 2005.
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Prudential Insurance Company Of America, 2002.
Analysis of the Prudential Insurance Company, past and present.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 2 sources, $ 55.95
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Abstract
Analysis o the Prudential Insurance Company, past and present. Its history and expansion from life insurance to other fields. Overview of the company within the insurance industry. Types of policies and products. Financial services and banking. Investments and the company acting as a brokerage firm. Real estate division. Discusses profit margin based on 1999 Financial Review of the Company. Potential for going public & its impact. Comparison with competition.
From the Paper
"An Analysis of Prudential
History of the Company
According to Chapin (1950), the company was founded by John Dryden in 1875 as the Prudential Friendly Society, with the business model of selling life insurance policies for the standard premium of 3 cents a week, or $1.56 per year. The company changed the name to the Prudential Insurance Company of America, and expanded sales from Newark, N.J. to New York and Philadelphia. By 1885 one million policies had been sold. The company history on Hoover's Corporate Profiles points out that Prudential added ordinary whole life insurance in 1886 and, by 1900, the firm was selling more than 2,000 such policies annually and had 3,000 agents in eight states.
The famous Rock of Gibraltar logo was designed in 1896 by New York-based J. W ..."
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The Forming Stage of Group Development, 2004.
This paper explains the importance of the forming stage in producing proper group development.
1,287 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the various stages of group development and focuses on the forming stage. It explains that if the forming stage has not been effective, this reduces the effectiveness of all the remaining stages and, therefore, the performance of the team. The paper defines the forming phase, describes what is occurring in the forming phase, and explains what happens if the forming phase is not completed effectively.
From the Paper
"In 1965 psychologist Bruce W. Tuckman published a paper describing a model of group development. This model described the stages teams develop through to arrive at the point where they are performing, or actively working together as a team. Tuckman referred to the three initial stages as forming, storming, and norming. According to Tuckman, teams work through these stages to finally arrive at a point where they are performing. In addition, Tuckman noted that any problems in any of the stages will effect the ability of the team to function in the remaining stages. For example, a team can get through forming, and move onto storming."
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Europe's Emerging Banks and the U.S. Banking History, 2002.
This paper analyzes the banking industry in the United States from the mid-18th through mid-19th century in order to understand the evolution of the banking industry in Europe's developing economies in the 20th century.
2,480 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper presents four potential dangers to banks in emerging markets and relates them to the lessons of the founding banking system of the United States: Macroeconomic volatility, connected lending, political involvement and financial liberalization. This paper discusses that the emerging banking industries in Eastern Europe must learn to operate in an objective environment free from burdensome and often disastrous government control; just as, the ever-present tension in the United States between government policy and banking policy ensured the banking industry's objectivity. This paper argues that the primary cause of the banking crisis in Eastern Europe was the banks' decision to allow financiers with little experience and even less capital to set up their own banks.
Table of Contents
Introduction
European Economies and the Evolution of the U.S. Banking Industry
Macroeconomic Volatility
Connected Lending
Government Involvement
Financial Liberalization
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The insistence by the American chief executive in the mid 18th to mid 19th century to keep separate government policy from banking policy has not been demonstrated in the communist economies of Eastern Europe. The second major crisis factor for these economies has been connected (or insider) lending, particularly in Russia. Though not unheard of in rich countries, connected lending is a more serious problem in emerging countries, where supervisors are less rigorous about rooting it out. The Economist maintains that connected lending has recently caused serious problems where unscrupulous businessmen have found it easy to set up banks simply to finance their other companies' pet projects. Thus, at many Russian banks, the personal ambitions of owners and managers still come before the prudent assessment of lending risks. Loans to related companies are rarely made on an arm's length basis and tend to be granted at below-market rates, with scant credit vetting."
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The Bank of New York - Risk Analysis, 2002.
An essay presented in report form by the bank's risk management team in an attempt to identify and minimize the risks faced by the bank.
1,620 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the number of risks associated with the banking industry. In an attempt to identify and minimize the various risks associated with the operation of this institution, the Bank of New York uses a Risk Management team. Their main goal is to identify and track the various risks associated with the Bank of New York and offer recommendations as to how to minimize or eliminate them. The paper shows how threats and risks in the banking industry can be divided into the following categories: Market Risk, Credit Risk, Foreign Asset Risk, Competition Risk, Governmental Risk, as well as risks to the physical structure and data systems. This paper discusses these risk areas and the Bank of New York?s plan for minimizing them.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Risk Analysis
Threats/Risks - Market Risk
Credit Risk
Foreign Asset Risk
Governmental Risk
Competition Risk
Analysis
Data Systems
Mitigation/Countermeasures
Information Assurance Policies
Disaster Recovery Policies
Summary
From the Paper
"The World Trade tower attack in September of 2001 prompted the Bank of New York to re-evaluate and amend its disaster recovery policies. At the time of the disaster, the Bank had over 8,300 employees located in four lower Manhattan facilities who were evacuated in a matter of hours. The recovery plan was immediately implemented, and they temporarily relocated headquarters to midtown Manhattan. By that evening, they had relocated operating departments to five existing contingency sites in New Jersey, New York State, and Connecticut. Staff was reassigned to alternate sites as specified in disaster recovery plans while systems were restored at backup sites over the course of the following days. Well-executed contingency plans led to quick recovery of many businesses, including ADR, BNY Clearing, Core Custody, Brokerage, European Transfer Agency, Foreign Currency Transfer, Fund Accounting and Administration, Investment Management, Performance Measurement, Retail Fund Administration and Securities Lending (BNY annual report, 2001)."
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The Importance of Hand Holding in "Paradise Lost", 2002.
Discusses and analyzes the epic poem "Paradise Lost" by John Milton and asks how the holding hand imagery contributes to the main theme.
1,416 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how hand holding in "Paradise Lost" is an element which many readers may not notice or understand, but it is an important element in the piece, for it indicates the oneness and intimacy of the couple. It explains how Milton's epic poem celebrates marriage and unity, and Adam and Eve's hand holding is a symbol of their togetherness, as Milton shows all the way through the poem. Their hand holding is their salvation, and it eventually leads to their downfall.
From the Paper
"Holding hands always signifies closeness and caring. From the young mother who hangs on tight to her toddler's hand, to the old couple holding hands on a park bench, holding hands signifies closeness and love in a relationship, and Milton uses this image to illustrate the intimacy and love between Adam and Eve. When Adam and Eve hold hands, they are almost always engaging in something pleasant, and their togetherness is illustrated through the intimate image of holding hands as they walk through the Garden of Eden: "'My other half:' With that thy gentle hand / Seised mine: I yielded; and from that time see" (4.488-89). Here, Milton is not only celebrating the couple, he is celebrating their marriage, and their oneness. As they hold hands in their garden, they symbolized the "perfect" couple who is in love, and who is only whole when they are together. This is also the first time the two hold hand, after Adam gives chase, and Eve finally submits to his advances. This first hand holding signifies their union, and the fact that they have become each other's "half." "
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"Holding up Half the Sky", 2008.
A review of the content of Annie Wang's article, "Holding up Half the Sky."
895 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the article, "Holding up Half the Sky," written by Annie Wang, which concerns itself with the situation faced by Chinese business women in modern-day China. The paper describes the article and provides examples from Wang's work of five featured business women who have overcome challenges in order to make a great success of their respective businesses.
From the Paper
"On the other hand, women are still facing a fundamental inequality in the business world, spurred by the 2000 year mindset that will take more than 50 years to erase. Indeed, Wang notes that discrimination starts at the cradle: boys are still more highly prized when girls at birth. This continues in terms of governmental policies that do not favor small businesses. Such business owners experience difficulties in obtaining loans and the opportunity for growth is limited. Furthermore, discrimination is also evident in the countryside, where the majority of women are denied higher education. This in turn results in migration to cities, where women obtain low-paying, non-prestigious jobs that are not very secure, and from which it is almost impossible to be promoted."
"Nevertheless, Wang offers hope in the form of five featured business women who have overcome the challenges mentioned above in order to make a great success of their respective businesses. These women exemplify the opportunities offered by the Chinese business world. Although problems still exist, the author holds that women do have opportunities to follow the examples of the five women she discusses. Furthermore, the increase of such women have the potential to eventually overthrow the prevailing inequalities in the country's business sector."
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Forming an Economic Union, 2007.
This paper examines the advantages and disadvantages of forming an economic union.
3,517 words (approx. 14.1 pages), 22 sources, APA, $ 98.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of forming an economic union, and possibly a monetary union to which members could, subject to conditions, apply to join. Factors such as possible membership, timetable, trade and investment effects, convergence of economies, economic and social consequences and administrative structure are covered briefly, yet concisely. The experiences of the European Union/Monetary Union are used as support for the arguments which are presented in the paper.
Outline:
Introduction
Background of the study
The Aim of an Economic Union
The Disadvantages of an Economic Union
Economic Union and the Dilemma of Collective Action
Arguments Against an Economic Union
Advantages for an Economic Union
Conclusion
From the Paper
"A vital question for the triumph of an economic union is whether the economic union placed by an autonomous, supranational central bank in addition to fiscal (and other) procedures managed by a national government is helpful not only to price-steadiness but also towards economic development. This concern related to an economic union stems mainly from the commencement of the euro during 1999. Since the Euro inception, there has been a constant flow of disapproval concerning the EU'S system for economic union and harmonization. The Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) - perhaps, the most well-known aspects of union -- has been constantly criticized by economists as an unimagined, dull and eventually counter-productive procedure that encourages pro-cyclic fiscal procedures, slows down economic revival and harms the durable growth prospective of the EU financial system. In addition, accusation has also been cited, quite frequently, against the incapability of the policy structure to provide a logical policy blend, as well as, laments the deficient of suppleness in policy management (Fitoussi and Creel, 2002)."
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Holding Up "A House Divided" - Lincoln's Caution Regarding Emancipation, 2001.
The following paper discusses Lincoln's now-famous "House Divided" speech of 1858 which exemplifies the primary factors that strongly influenced him on both a personal and a political level.
2,380 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper explores Lincoln?s eloquence of language and simplicity of reason that brought him to the attention of the newly-formed political party known as the Republicans and prompted them to present him to a surprised Washington as their platform's candidate in the presidential election of 1860. The abolition of slavery and the events concerning this issue are discussed in detail.
Table of contents
A Personal View of A Divided Nation
A Pragmatic Policy Toward Emancipation
A Short Second Term
From the Paper
?Abraham Lincoln's election to the U.S. presidency occurred at a time when tensions between the Northern and Southern sectors of the nation had been embroiled in a bitter dispute regarding slavery for quite some time. By the time of the 1860 election, Lincoln's view on the institution of slavery was common and widespread knowledge within both the North and the South, and each of these sectors had both preconceptions and expectations of the new president's first official acts of office. Both sides, along with the majority of Washington officials, expected an immediate proclamation concerning the abolition of slavery. Both sides, as well as Washington, however, were yet again surprised, for the new president had on his mind and as his policy a more gradual and pragmatic emancipation plan.?
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Internet Banking, 2002.
The paper talks about the history of internet banking form the 1970s to today. It describes how a revolution in the banking industry as we know it is taking place.
4,538 words (approx. 18.2 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 118.95
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Abstract
Examines how Internet or electronic banking is slowly but surely reviving itself after numerous attempts by various financial institutions and financial intermediaries in the 1970 and 1980s. The standardization in technologies and the public's familiarity with the use of personal computers and the Internet have made the Internet bank or Internet banking site easier, cheaper and more cost effective than ever before. This paper discusses the coming of age of Internet banking, the opportunity for Internet banking and some of the obstacles and procedures that must be followed in order to develop a sound Internet banking presence.
From the Paper
"Mark Leary is looking at his watch. It is 10:30 p.m. and he has a list of chores to complete by tonight. He is leaving on a 3-day business trip in the morning and will not have the time to take care of some financial details. He has put off balancing his checkbook for over 2 months and needs to find out how much money he has in the checking account. Mark also wants to do a stock analysis of his current portfolio and ask his broker some questions about a new stock he read about earlier in the week. He has to send his son in college some money since he always seems to run out. Mark also promised his wife that he would order some new checks and get her a debit card since she does not like the inconvenience of having just an ATM card. Finally, yet importantly, he would like to check out information on Keogh's for his wife's business. How is he going to actually accomplish any of these tasks at this hour of the night? The answer is in the next revolution to hit the banking industry. Mark will log onto his banks website via his Internet service provider (ISP) and work away. The bank site allows him to download his statements directly onto his home budgeting software like Microsoft's Money or Intuit's Quicken and reconcile quickly and efficiently. In a matter of minutes, he knows his exact balance, what is outstanding and what items have come through. He will use the link that connects with the banks investment advisor who handles his portfolio and email questions about the stock he read about, he will ask another department about a Keogh for his wife's new business. He will transfer money through electronic funds transfer (EFT) from his account to his sons account across the country and it will be there by morning. He will order the checks his wife wants on the check selection link and order a debit card with a single click of a button since his information is already stored in the bank database."
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Continental Illinois National Bank, 2005.
A look at the restructuring and rescue efforts used for the Continental Illinois National Bank and Trust Company.
2,494 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
The purpose of this work is to show whether or not Continental Illinois rescue and restructuring efforts were successful and if so, why. The paper also attempts to discover if the decision to restructure was justified and explains why or why not. Furthermore, this work attempts to discover to what extent did the OCC contribute to the management failing of Chairman and CEO, Mr. Roger E. Anderson and the management team of Continental Illinois and what short and long-term benefits were expected from appointing David Taylor as the new CEO and Edward Bottum as President in the run-up to the restructuring of Continental Illinois. Finally, the current status of Continental Illinois is is examined as well the main sectors of banking and how these sectors have changed since the collapse of Continental Illinois National Bank and Trust Company.
Introduction
Background and Overview of Continental
Results of the Method used by FDIC in the Rescue
Critics Opinion of the Open Bank Assistance
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Continental employed over 12,000 and held the approximate amount of $40 billion in assets. In May of 1984, at the time of near collapse the company had office in 14 states as well as 29 foreign countries with offices numbering 57. During the years 1976 and 1981 CCI experienced a jump in lending from $5 billion to over $14 billion with the company's total assets increasing from $21.5 billion to $45 billion with the loans-to-assets ration increasing from 57.9 percent to 68.8 percent between 1977 and 1981. The organizations return on assets stayed at 0.5 percent during the same time span and the return on equity was approximately 14.4 percent during those same years. (FDIC, 1997) The problems came under notice during 1982 when the Penn Square Bank, N.A. in Okalahoma City closed. The loans were underwritten poorly and it was clear that Continental had not used due diligence on the purchasing of the loans as well as Continental's loan portfolio beginning to experience problems specifically in the energy sector. It was reported by Continental in the second quarter of 1982 an amount of $1.3 billion in loans and assets that were 'nonperforming.'"
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Bank Mergers, 2002.
A discussion of what is involved in a bank merger and why banks periodically need to merge.
1,610 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
A merger occurs when two or more companies combine to form one, where the buying firm absorbs all the asset and liabilities of the selling firms. This paper discusses the necessity for bank mergers in order to cope with the changing industry. It examines the six main reasons why companies merge and the different types of merger that exist. It uses as an example, the successful merger between Nations Bank and Bank of America.
From the Paper
"Larger mergers may create larger assets for the company, but bankers are still left in the dark with what to do with those assets. These days, auto dealer are more likely to handle auto loans, credit cards are received through the mail, and mortgage brokers can provide great deals on mortgages. Not to mention the invention of online banking. Now there are online services that will search the Internet to get the best prices on a CD?s, credit cards, consumer loans and mortgages. Banks are starting to find that they are now not only in competition with other banks, but with software companies as well."
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