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Five Religious Traditions, 2006.
A comparative analysis of the five major religious traditions of the world.
1,118 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the similarities and differences between Judaism, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism and Buddhism. The paper briefly outlines the major tenets, beliefs and practices of each of these world religions.
From the Paper
"Thus one similarity all of these religions share is their diversity. Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are all monotheistic religions, that believe in one Creator God, although Christianity adopts in most of its strains (with the exception of Unitarianism) a three-part God, a God of the Father, Son Christ, and Holy Spirit. All three of these major traditions are further segmented, because of doctrinal quarrels, such as Judaism' s split into Orthodox (including the various sects of Hasidism and Modern Orthodoxy), Conservative, and Reform movements. Christianity is split between Protestant, Roman, and Eastern Catholic strains, and Islam into Sunni and Shiite strains. Buddhism as well, it should be noted has a Mahayana, or major and non-monastic tradition, and a Theravada, or largely monastic tradition, as well as a variety of sects, from Zen to Tantric practice, that further divide these two major breaks in Buddhist philosophy."
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Five Months, Five Questions, No Answers, 2002.
This paper reviews an article from the February 7, 2002 issue of "Business Week," about September 11.
950 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the article, "Five Critical Questions," that appeared in the February 7 issue of "Business Week." The first question, asked and addressed by Stan Crock is, ?What Kind of Superpower? will America be in its future? The second question asked by Pete Engardio, deals with ?What?s Next for the Global Economy?? The third question, asked by Paul Starobin, is ?What is Moscow?s New Role?? The fourth question, asked by Dexter Roberts, is ?How does China Play its Hand?? The fifth and final question as asked by Stanley Reed is: ?Will the Arab Nation ever Change?? These questions and their answers are an attempt at understanding the tragedy of September 11.
From the Paper
"The first question, asked and addressed by Stan Crock is, ?What Kind of Superpower? will America be in its future? In the past, America has often claimed not to be a hegemonic or imperialistic nation, and Republicans such as Bush have generally refrained (at least in theory) from global government, internationalism, or ?nation-building? and tended towards isolationism. However, in the wake of a perceived active and growing terrorist threat, Bush is pushing America towards sweeping international power. He suggests that terrorist activity would be cut by aiding foreign governments in improving border controls and intelligence, overhauling their judicial system, and helping them to track the financial activities of citizens suspected of crime or terrorism, and providing military support for anti-terrorist or counter-revolutionary measures. Much of this would be done in cooperation with the World Bank. It?s unclear how far he will take this, as both many American citizens and foreign powers have deep reservations about such global controls."
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Religious Paintings by Caravaggio, 2008.
An iconological study of five religious paintings by Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper examines religious works by Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio: "The Deposition of Christ in the Sepulcher", "Madonna di Loreto", "The Calling of Saint Matthew", "The Martyrdom of Saint Mathew" and "The Crucifixion of Saint Peter". All of these works are oils on canvas and present themes from the New Testament. The author describes each painting, its history, biblical content and the techniques used, which are characteristic of Caravaggio.
Table of Contents:
"The Deposition of Christ in the Sepulcher"
"Madonna di Loreto"
"The Calling of Saint Matthew"
"The Martyrdom of Saint Mathew"
"The Crucifixion of Saint Peter"
From the Paper
"The original commissioner had ordered a more complicated assemble with more display of architecture and a larger number of spectators assisting the scene in terrified impotence. However, Caravaggio managed, after a couple of abandoned attempts, to compact the scene to the most essential elements without losing the dramatic expression its commissioner had requested.
"Affected chiaroscuro gives expression to the moment and brings the scene closer to the viewer, involving them as part of the action."
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Religious Pluralism in American Society, 2006.
This paper studies religious differences based on the article "Neighboring Faiths: How Will Americans Cope with Increasing Religious Diversity?" by Diana L. Eck.
1,602 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper explains how the increase in old world religions and the hate crimes that result from this is a social issue that America is facing at present. The paper quotes Eck's suggestion that religious pluralism is the answer, meaning that people in society must not only exercise tolerance for people of various cultures and beliefs, but must also involve oneself actively with them. The paper looks at the difficulties of this theory, quoting Kenneth Samples, and offers an alternative solution of Nabil Marshood. The paper concludes that Eck's theory of religious pluralism is ideal but not practical to achieve while the solutions of rejecting religious pluralism (K. Samples) and the alternative to choose religious pluralism with integration (N. Marshood) are more practical answers in effectively confronting the religious conflict that is growing in American society.
From the Paper
"The article "Neighboring Faiths: How Will Americans Cope with Increasing Religious Diversity?" by Diana L. Eck is a thorough analysis of the increasing religious differences in the American society. Diana L. Eck is a professor of Comparative Religion and Indian Studies, and is the director of the Pluralism Project at the Harvard University. Eck has already written numerous books and studies, which focus primarily on the topic of religious pluralism in the American society. In her article, Eck tells us of the increasing number of people with diverse religions in the contemporary American society, and that these religious differences can be directly attributed to the approval and legalization of the Immigration Act of 1965. Through the Immigration Act of 1965, people from various nations, particularly in the Asian and Middle Eastern regions, have migrated into the US. With the influx of immigration in the United States, various cultures, traditions, and beliefs were brought along with the immigrants, and caused the diversification of cultures, traditions, and religions in the new American society. "
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Religious Pluralism, 2002.
A discussion of the issue of religious pluralism in ?Protestant- Catholic- Jew: An Essay in American Religious Sociology? by Will Herberg.
567 words (approx. 2.3 pages), 0 sources, $ 20.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the book "Protestant- Catholic- Jew: An Essay in American Religious Sociology? by Will Herberg, a study of the religious landscape of the American society in the in the mid- 1950s with the concept of a ?three religion country? and a ?single melting pot,? which describes the religious institution in the American society. It evaluates how today this concept is no longer feasible due to influx of numerous cultures and people from all over the world. It discusses how although Herberg's work may have been an idealized version of an attempt to reconcile the religious differences in America, it has become the ?catalyst? for other studies and projects to be conducted and further developed in order to fully understand the dynamics of the various religions in America.
From the Paper
"Indeed, Will Herberg?s study of the three major religions in America during the 1950s had been a revolutionary move towards the development of a better understanding of the numerous religions that are now included in America?s religious landscape. The issue of religious pluralism comes to mind when the topic of religious differences and diversity is discussed, and the work of Herberg can be used as a good reference in studying how religion can affect the society and the relations between people that composes it. One of the most popular and prominent studies about the sociology of religion in America is the Pluralism Project headed by Diana L. Eck of Harvard University."
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Religious Intolerance in Germany, 2005.
This paper traces the history of religious intolerance in Germany to present times.
2,875 words (approx. 11.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that despite strong laws against religious discrimination in its new constitution, there is still wide spread religious intolerance in Germany, which again was acerbated with the reunification because, although Western Germany's population had been carefully reeducated against Nazism, Eastern Germany's population has not had the same experience. The author points out that Germany's problems with religious persecution did not begin with Hitler and the Nazis, they go as far back as Charlemagne, King of the Franks, a Germanic tribe, creator of the first European central government in the Middle Ages, who was inhospitable not only with the Jews but also with the pagan Saxons, another Germanic tribe. The paper relates that the Christian anti-Semitism of Martin Luther, which was part of the tradition of Medieval Christian anti-Semitism, laid the social and cultural basis for modern anti-Semitism, although modern anti-Semitism was based on the pseudo-scientific notions of race.
Table of Contents
Religious Persecution in Medieval Germany
Persecution of the Pagan Saxons
Religious Persecution of the Jews in Medieval Germany
Anti-Semitism during the Reformation
Germany's Long History of Religious Divisiveness
Religious Intolerance in Germany Today
A Possible Cure?
From the Paper
"The Capitulary went on to make any practice of this earlier religion not only a sin against the Church but also a crime against the State. The Capitulary stated that if any one shall have formed a conspiracy with the pagans against the Christians, or shall have wished to join with them in opposition to the Christians, let him be punished by death. It went to demand that whoever shall have consented to this same fraudulently against the king and the Christian people, let him be punished by death. Finally, the Capitulary decreed that if any one shall have shown himself unfaithful to the lord king; let him be punished with a capital sentence.
Charlemagne eradicated any open pagan practices in Medieval Europe; he also had many recalcitrant practitioners of the pagan religion killed for not converting to Christianity and paying their tithes."
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Religious Freedom, 2004.
This paper discusses the history and implications of religious freedom in the United States.
1,805 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the oldest and most cordial pedigree of religious autonomy can be found in U.S.A., where public policy says that religious beliefs must be a matter of individual scruples and entirely resistant from any intrusion by the state. The author points out that the separation of Church and State is vital, but the State can?t be a religion-free zone that goes in opposition to the foundation of religious freedom and freedom of idea. The paper relates that United States? dedication to religious freedom has become a part of its overseas policy as stated in the breakthrough legislation, the International Religious Freedom Act, which fights against religious harassment in foreign countries.
From the Paper
"Religious liberty is one major cause for the origin of our country. The notion of ideological and spiritual freedom remains as strong these days as it was at the time of the founding of the United States. The founding fathers left their homelands for a country, which assured freedoms to all. Representatives at the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia (1787) deliberately avoided making strong declarations concerning religion due to a firm conviction that religious necessities were needless to protect religious freedom. This oversight was not taken calmly by six states, which went on to offer amendments guaranteeing religious liberty."
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Religious Pluralism in American Society, 2002.
This paper presents a review of an article entitled "Neighboring Faiths: How Will Americans Cope with Increasing Religious Diversity?? by Diana L. Eck. The article deals with the diversity of religions in present-day America.
1,600 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
The paper uses Eck?s article as a basis for investigating the possibility of religious pluralism in the USA. It looks at the differences in American society before, during, and after the influx of immigrants. It explores the violence that has arisen out of religious differences, and explains Eck?s solution to this problem (religious pluralism). The paper clarifies Eck?s concept of religious pluralism and then goes on to look at why her solution is problematic. It refers to texts that oppose religious pluralism and investigates some of the main disadvantages involved with this solution. The paper concludes by bringing in an alternative viewpoint, provided by Nabil Marshood?s article entitled, ?Religious Pluralism and Social Change.?, and by evaluating the theories presented in the various texts.
From the Paper
"The article ?Neighboring Faiths: How Will Americans Cope with Increasing Religious Diversity?? by Diana L. Eck is a thorough analysis of the increasing religious differences in the American society. Diana L. Eck is a professor of Comparative Religion and Indian Studies, and is the director of the Pluralism Project at the Harvard University. Eck has already written numerous books and studies, which focus primarily on the topic of religious pluralism in the American society. In her article, Eck tells us of the increasing number of people with diverse religions in the contemporary American society, and that these religious differences can be directly attributed to the approval and legalization of the Immigration Act of 1965. Through the Immigration Act of 1965, people from various nations, particularly in the Asian and Middle Eastern regions, have migrated into the US. With the influx of immigration in the United States, various cultures, traditions, and beliefs were brought along with the immigrants, and caused the diversification of cultures, traditions, and religions in the new American society."
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New Religious Movements, 2004.
A sociological explanation of the growth of new religious movements.
1,937 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how sociologists have noted a dramatic decrease in religious activity within established Trinitarian churches and how affiliation to new religious movements has risen just as considerably. It examines how the actual concept of new religious movements was developed because sociologists found the terms ?sect? and ?cult? inadequate to describe these new religious groups, as the organisational structures, type of membership and leadership, affinities with traditional mainstream religions and attitude to wider society of these organisations were much too different. It also explores the concept of the three kinds of new religious movements as defines by sociologists, world rejecting, world accommodating and world affirming.
From the Paper
"Other sociologists have argued that the rapid growth in new religious movements is not a response to social deprivation but to secularisation. It is argued that since the decline in the importance of the established religions and Trinitarian churches people seek alternative belief systems to explain the world and its difficulties after feeling disillusioned by institutionalised religion. Sociologists argue that many modern religious movements are a response to anxieties created by the dominance of scientific rationalism, materialism and the resulting secularisation of society."
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"Unspoken Worlds: Women?s Religious Lives", 2004.
A look at how a woman?s influence can positively affect religion and culture through an examination of "Unspoken Worlds: Women?s Religious Lives" by N. Falk and R. Gross.
1,429 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how much of the feminist theology seems to triumph in breaking traditional understandings by creating new arguments or promoting new ideas to stretch the boundaries of religious life. In contrast, it looks at how Falk and Gross, in their work "Unspoken Worlds: Women?s Religious Lives", do little to work at separating the influence of culture and religion over tribal and historical religious beliefs. It shows how their approach is to find women who are active in the practice of their religious beliefs and support the belief that women have a valuable contribution to make to religious life, whether it is in the African tribal bush country or established Catholic hierarchy.
From the Paper
"Today, women have not only joined the ranks of theologians, they have brought a new set of concerns and perspectives to the idea of God-talk (theo-logos). Adding the voices of women to the theological conversation is awakening the church to the experience, humanity, and holiness of half the human race. The vocal presence of women in the theological debate is also forcing a reexamination of assumptions about God, the Bible, church, gender, and family. Feminist theologians are not just adding a new wing to the theological library. They are giving birth to a theological revolution in Christianity."
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Religious Apostasy, 2002.
This paper presents an overview of religious apostasy, the renunciation of one's religious faith.
1,900 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the reasons renunciation occurs and who is most likely to renounce their faith.
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Religious Diversity in the Workplace, 2005.
This paper discusses the management of religious diversity in the workplace.
4,090 words (approx. 16.4 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 110.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the recent growth in legal complaints associated with religion in the workplace reflects the increasing variation of the U.S.. The author points out that many religious harassment cases include managers or colleagues who humiliate an employee's religious attitude or custom through abuse or other disparagement behavior where, similar to cases of suspected sexual or racial harassment, employers who know of such behavior but do not take steps to prevent it. The paper concludes that education is considered crucial in making the religious rights of members of minority religions compatible with safeguarding the basic ideology of religious rights for all.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Becoming Increasingly Important to Employees/ Managers
Dealing with Religious Differences/Harassment in the Workplace
Conclusion
From the Paper
"As per the Sikh religion, it is compulsory for them to carry a knife, which has been a matter for the employers. In a case told by the Sikh Coalition, an employer prohibited having this ceremonial knife, but information and interference from the Sikh coalition persuaded the employer to remove the ban. The dreadlocks that are a religiously authorized hairstyle for the Rastafarians have raised problems in the workplace. There have been legal actions created against FEDEX for firings over dreadlocks, and Greyhound paid an amount of $33,500 to end favoritism in hiring case brought by a Rastafarian man in Buffalo, New York. He was deprived of a driving position due to his long dreadlocks, and lesser-qualified candidates occupied those positions. These cases ask for remedy more than the immoral to the specific person, but to alter the difficult corporate culture as well."
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The Religious Symbolism of Spirit, 1993.
Describes religious symbolism and spirit in religion, analyzing various ways in which religious symbolism has characterized spirit.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 7 sources, $ 79.95
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From the Paper
"The Religious Symbolism of Spirit
Introduction
In its widest sense, all religious symbolism is a representation of spirit, of that essence of the universe which people have variously characterized as gods, goddesses, energies, and voids. In the narrow sense, the religious symbolism of a religion, like Christianity, can distinguish between various aspects of the whole, designating one, like the Holy Ghost, or Holy Spirit, as the spirit aspect. In this analysis, the focus starts with a general look at religious symbolism, spirit in religion, followed by consideration of some ways in which spirit has been characterized in religious symbolism."
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Religious Dancing, 2005.
This paper examines the Indian and Indonesian forms of religious dancing.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 2 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that many dance traditions have originated in India and Indonesia, such as the Bharata Natyam from South India, which had an important historical and cultural influence on the history of India. The author points out that important elements of Hinduism, particularly the figure Nataraja, a form of Shiva, are expressed in Bharata Natyam. The paper relates that this dance, as well as many other religious dances, demonstrate the integral relationship between religious dances and the religious themes that inspire them.
From the Paper
"Many dance traditions have originated in India and Indonesia, such as the Bharata Natyam from South India, which had an important historical and cultural influence on the history of India. Important elements of Hinduism, particularly the figure Nataraja, a form of Shiva, are expressed in Bharata Natyam. This dance, as well as many other religious dances, demonstrates the integral relationship between religious dances and the religious themes that inspire them. In terms of specific details of Bharata Natyam, it emerged in southern India and developed over the centuries as a living tradition as generation after generation handed it down from parents to children, and gained ascendancy when the Devadasi system emerged in India."
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Religious Conflict and International Business, 2002.
A look at the impact of religious conflict on international business.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This ten-page undergraduate paper examines the impact of religious conflict on international business. The author analyzes the nature of religious war, the clash of civilizations theory, the causes of religious conflict, and concludes that religious conflict is likely to continue but remain limited in scope.
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