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Financing of Education In Japan, 2000.
An examination of the various private and public funding approaches which reflect a high quality and quanity of the nation's educational offerings.
3,375 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 15 sources, $ 119.95
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From the Paper
"Japanese society's ability and willingness to pay for schooling is the single most important factor that affects the quality and quantity of its education system. Japan is a learning society; education plays an important role in the Japanese self-identity. The excess demand for education that cannot be met by the public sector is readily met by Japan's private sector.
In Japan, children are only required to complete nine years of compulsory education, from age six through age fifteen. Compulsory education in Japan, like in the United States, is free. Public schools are completely funded by the government, mostly the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture, commonly known as the Ministry of Education.
Funding for compulsory education in Japan differs from the..."
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Financing of Higher Education, 2007.
An analysis of the debate over whether the government or individuals should finance higher education.
1,479 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the debate over who should finance higher education - government funding, individuals or a combination of both sources. The paper discusses the benefits of higher education to the individual and to society as a whole. It describes the current funding of higher education in the United States and the arguments for and against changes to the current system.
From the Paper
" Higher education for the individual has always been a way to enhance social esteem, land better-paying jobs, expand one's opportunities and stimulate one's intellect (Johnstore 2000). Society considers it the key to technology, productivity and inputs to global competitiveness and economic growth. It is always desirable and preferred in that it furthermore shapes and preserves values and culture. It also serves as a major means to social justice, equal opportunity and democracy. For all its significance, higher education throughout the world has been hindered by high costs, which are still fast rising. Governments have been reducing allocations for universities and other institutions of learning. These cutbacks have led to reduced staff, deterioration of plant and equipment, reduced salaries and reduced capacity to expand and meet student demand. Cost adjustments have been passed on to students and their parents and raised debt levels and access. These rising costs are accompanied by charges of inefficiency and lack of cost-benefit accountability. The conclusion among academicians has been that a financial crisis in education in most countries has occurred, especially in developing countries (Johnstone)."
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College Students and Personal Finance Education, 2004.
A discussion on whether college students' personal finance (credit cards) or student loans should be limited.
1,345 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how commerce on the Internet is conducted almost entirely with credit cards or with Internet accounts established with credit cards and how, for many, particularly young people for whom cash has never been a necessity, it is easy to give in to the urge for instant gratification, even when there are no funds available to support this gratification. It shows how, in particular, college students may fall victim to this trap, since they may not see a credit card purchase as spending with ?real money, they have little or no experience with credit cards or loans, and they are new to living independently from parents who have advised them not to buy things in the past. It examines the how, increasingly, student debt upon graduation is a crippling burden upon the student. It explores how the potential solution is to educate college students how to use their credit cards wisely and how to structure student loans and career plans with an eye toward the future, both of which can be accomplished by attending personal finance classes and by beginning with smaller credit card lines.
From the Paper
"The problem of student debt is twofold, and therefore, managing student debt should employ a double-barreled approach. Credit card/consumer debt is only one facet of the student debt issue, but students need to be able to distinguish between their necessary federally-funded student loan debt and their self-imposed credit card debt. In recent years, it has become common practice for credit card vendors to set up shop on college and university campuses, usually near the school bookstore (Fisher). Once established on campus, credit card companies attempt to lure students into signing up for credit cards by offering free incentives such as tee shirts or water bottles (Fisher). It is all too easy for students to succumb to the temptation for and the ease of obtaining credit cards when these credit lines are pushed so forcefully toward the often na?ve college student cohort."
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Post-High School Education Financing, 2005.
This paper discusses problems of financing post-high school education especially for students from lower economic strata.
1,200 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in looking at a cross section of any campus whether it is a university, college (private), junior college or a two-year trade school, most students in the lower end of the economic strata and require extremely tight budgeting to finance their education. The author points out that, despite the vast amounts of grant monies, scholarships, student-loans available and other sources of income, education financing is becoming an even greater problem because most of institutions are being forced to raise costs to the student body because of their own budgetary shortfalls. The paper stresses that the student loan programs at first glance appear to be a relief for the tightly budgeted student; however, there are some pitfalls to these programs that can do more harms than good for the over extended student.
Table of Contents
Today's University, College, Junior College and Trade School Student
The University and Private Four Year College Student
The Student Loan Trap
Student Loan Default Due to the Failure to Budget
From the Paper
"The problem as found by the Inspector General of the GSA was that the requirements for proofs by the Education Department were nearly non-existent. For example, in many cases there was no death certificate at all, in its place the Education Department accepted newspaper obituary notices, mostly forged was all that was required. Where permanent disability claims were concerned Social Security records proved that over 35,000 were quite able bodied and working making enough money to easily repay their indebtedness."
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Higher Education Finance, 2004.
An analysis of the financial difficulties of higher education facilities and high tuition fees.
2,770 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 22 sources, MLA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper researches the overall problem of how a university can best cope with difficult financial times. The paper considers faculty tenure, outsourcing and privatization, marketing tactics, and other best practices that universities have adopted in order to construct a map of the ?best practices? from a practical, rather than a theoretical, basis.
Outline
Introduction
Scarcity of Resources
Marketing for Dollars
Fund-Raising
The Profit Motive and Higher Education
The Canadian Experience
Other Studies
The Problem
The Purpose
Research Questions
Importance of the Study
From the Paper
"In addition, most predictions note that costs as a private four-year institution could rise dramatically in the next few years, and it would seem unlikely colleges could make up a shortfall of great magnitude by increasing tuition and other student fees. Even now, there is resistance to increased student fees. In addition, it must be assumed that however well the endowments of some colleges might have done in the recent economic slowdown, certainly none could expect to beat the general trend of the market by much, so this, too, could be a factor in financial stress for institutions of higher learning."
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Florida Lottery Education Funding, 2002.
This paper discusses that the use of state lotteries to finance education is a debatable topic. The Florida state lottery is featured.
1,560 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the lottery was to be used only for supplementary funding of education. The author points out that, unfortunately, Florida is using the lottery for basic funding; and, particularly in Florida, the lottery income is very meager and insufficient. The paper concludes that, nonetheless, when used as supplementary funding, lottery funding plays an important role in meeting the educational demands of the students.
Table of Contents
Introduction
The Lottery Funding
Florida Lottery Funding
Scholarships
Florida School Recognition Programs
School Capital Outlay Bond Program
Impact of Lottery Funding
Political Factors
Uncertainty in the Lottery Revenue
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The reason for this aberration is the drastic cut down of the education funds by the government in total breach of the 1987 ?Florida Public Education Lottery Act?, which states that lottery revenue is only an additional source of money and that it must not affect the regular allocation on the part of the government. So instead of proving to be a boon for the students the lottery funding is now proving to be baneful solution."
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Japan's Strengths and Weaknesses in International Trade and Finance, 2002.
The paper analyzes the economic challenges currently facing Japan as a result of the recession that has hit the country following years of extraordinary economic growth.
2,245 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the major characteristics of the Japanese economy and its most important sectors-- industry and manufacturing. The paper compares the economic structure of Japan to the developed countries of Europe, such as Germany. The paper discusses the high rate of private and public investment in Japan and its lack of openness to foreign trade. The paper looks at the economic woes created as a result of the recession and the uncertainty with which the country is faced.
Table of Contents
About Japan
Economic Overview
Japan's Economic Structure
Japan's Investment Rates
Economic Woes
Japan's Trade Surplus
Japan's International Trading Process
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"While Japan is still very much focused on traditional culture, the country absorbed a great deal of Western technology during the late 19th and early 20th centuries (Bartleby, 2000). After losing World War II, Japan experienced an amazing recovery, which secured its status as the second most powerful economy in the world and a loyal ally of the United States. Although the emperor holds the throne as a symbol of national unity, the actual power falls to a network of powerful politicians, bureaucrats, and business executives. Japan?s economy experienced a major slowdown in the 1990s, following three decades of unprecedented growth, and currently has some serious economic challenges."
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Funding Special Education, 2002.
A discussion of how school districts are attempting to fund their special education programs.
1,788 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews literature on how school districts are trying to finance their special education programs and facilities. It examines how the literature indicates that, in general, districts obtaining monies from diverse funding sources, attempt to use diverse funding formulas and have become more creative and more energetic in attempting to raise local/community level funds. It also looks at how they re-organize and improve current fund management and engage in socio-political and advocacy activities. It also discusses how more money does not necessarily guarantee improved ability to teach students and improved student learning and uses a value-added student achievement model to determine this.
From the Paper
"One way in which the country's school districts are funding special education programs and facilities is that they are using a variety of funding sources. According to the Center for Special Education Finance (CSEF, 1999), most school districts obtain funds for special education from state, local and federal sources. In this regard, the CSEF reports that, on average, about 56 percent of special education funding comes from state moneys. An additional 36 percent of funding comes from local sources while the remaining 8 percent comes from the federal government."
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Choice-based Education Reform, 2005.
This paper discusses choice-based education reform designed to ensure that under-privileged individuals receive a good education.
5,660 words (approx. 22.6 pages), 35 sources, MLA, $ 137.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the most promising systemic educational reform plan involves school choice, a school system that allows parents to select which school their children attend, thus giving parents the freedom to move their children out of ineffective schools while at the same time motivating the ineffective schools to improve. The author stresses that the government should only open the school choice program to families who 1) demonstrate economic need and 2) whose children would be assigned to an inadequate public school. The paper states that an effective educational system based on choice must include religious schools among the choice options.
Table of Contents
The Significance of Education
School Reform Efforts
School Finance Reform
Reform Plans Involving Forms of School Choice
Inter-district Transfer Plans and Controlled Choice
School Choice Systems in Milwaukee and Cleveland
Barriers to Choice-based Education Reform
Legal Obstacles to School Choice
A Pyrrhic Desegregation Policy
Political Barriers to School Reform
Conclusion: Constructing a Feasible School Choice System
Overcoming Legal Barriers
Religious "Choice" Schools
Designing a School Choice System
Targeted Participation
Maximum Number of Available Options
Funding School Choice
The Choice Process
Evaluating a School Choice System
From the Paper
"Ironically, reform efforts to ensure equal educational opportunity have faced opposition from interests pursuing a strict desegregation enforcement policy. Some of these proponents of a strict desegregation policy have confused the means with the ends in providing for equal education through the desegregation doctrine established in Brown. The reasoning by the Court in "Brown" implied that the purpose of integration was to ensure that racial minorities received an equal educational opportunity: "We come then to the question presented: Does segregation of children in public schools solely on the basis of race, even though the physical facilities and other "tangible" factors may be equal, deprive the children of the minority group of equal educational opportunities?" This implies that equal "tangible" factors are necessary elements of an equal educational opportunity."
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Debt and Equity Financing, 2005.
An overview of the positive and negative characteristics of debt and equity financing.
2,157 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how choosing which financing vehicle is best for a company is very important and how equity and debt financing are financial mechanisms by which a firm can raise financial capital. It looks at how the characteristics of each of these two groups depend on three variables: investors' claims on future cash flow, their right to participate in company decisions and their claims on company assets in liquidation. The paper examines the benefits and disadvantages of both.
Outline
Introduction
Characteristics of Equity Financing
Advantages of Equity Financing
Disadvantages of Equity Financing
Characteristics of Debt Financing
Advantages of Debt Financing
Disadvantages of Debt Financing
Contrast Between Equity and Debt Financing
The Capital Structure Decision
The Irrelevance Proposition
Conclusion
References
Appendix
From the Paper
"Equity financing is the act of raising money for company activities by selling common or preferred stock to individual or institutional investors. In return for the money paid, shareholders receive ownership interests in the corporation. Equity (or common stock) offers residual claims. On a balance sheet, equity equals total assets less all liabilities. Equity financing is generally recommended for a business that's experiencing very high growth with high investment risk. The major sources of equity financing include individuals starting the business, friends and family, angel investors, venture capitalists, and public equity markets. Equity can take several forms including preferred stock, common stock, limited partnership interest, and project equity."
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The Financing of Terrorism, 2008.
This paper provides an analysis into the financing of terrorism, including motivation and the influence of the media.
1,941 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer examines and analyzes the financing of terrorism. The writer's analysis is divided into successive components entitled: Forms of Financing, Motivations for Financing Terrorism, Exploitation of the Media, and Disturbing Trends. The final sections offer a solution to the problem of terrorism. In addition, the writer provides a concluding commentary concerning the consequences if the fundamental causes of terrorism are not addressed through Western foreign policy changes and alternative fuels are not developed so reliance on Middle East oil can be ended.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Forms of Financing
Motivations for Financing Terrorism
Exploitation of the Media
Disturbing Trends
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Terrorists, of course, do not consider themselves to be irrational or self-righteous, they believe they are defending Muslims from Western domination and economic exploitation. Millions of Muslims throughout the Middle East share this belief, and help fund terrorist groups by making contributions to Islamic charities, which greatly exacerbates the difficulties for Western governments and intelligence agencies trying to cut off the financing of terrorism.
"The fundamental problem in combating the exploitation of Islamic charities by terrorist groups is the fact that the act of charity forms a very important part of Muslim law and tradition."
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Micro-Financing, 2005.
An overview of the benefits of micro-financing in global economies.
2,184 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper focuses on the effects and benefits of micro-financing in specimen countries, focusing on their respective exchange rates. Special focus is given to inflationary pressures, demand of goods and purchasing power, which may be affected by micro-financing.
Outline
I. Introduction: What is Micro-financing
II. Financials and Micro-financing
III. Micro-financing and exchange rates
IV. Benefits of Micro-financing
V. Conclusion
From the Paper
"The main benefits of micro-credit appear to be reduced vulnerability of the poor to adverse circumstances, increased consumption in the same group, and empowerment of women. The major spin-off of the micro-credit movement at the grassroots level has been the fact that women have used this system to come out and join a mainstream activity in the village. In many areas, particularly where there has been support from NGOs or strong SHGs, women have gained a voice and been able to use this space to come out of their traditional roles into a more 'proactive' male space."
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Adult Education Programs, 2004.
This paper discusses the administration and evaluation of adult education programs.
3,340 words (approx. 13.4 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, similar to other government-financed schemes, adult education has met with mounting requests to exhibit its efficacy. The author points out that the Bush Administration is dedicated to transforming education in the United States, such that every adult is capable of meeting the challenges of the current high-skill economy. The paper relates that, although the majority of adult education programs are obliged to report various forms of information to the government agencies or the organizations that finance them, they don?t automatically examine these data internally to get an insight as to how the information may be utilized to improve programs or instruction.
From the Paper
"In the past years, amendments made to the Adult Education Act, the federal legislation administering the adult education program have reinforced the necessity of answerability. The reauthorization of the Act during 1988 augmented the state necessity for local program review by stipulating six subject areas that the review should deal with and by commissioning the deployment of standardized test results while assessing. The adult literacy policy on the national level is stated in the National Literacy Act and in the Annual Education Act (AEA) which brought about the amendment of AEA in the year 1990. The purpose of the Act is to aid dropout adults attain the literacy required to work effectively in society, obtain advantage from job training and retrain them with a view to obtaining and maintain employment and persist their education to the level of passing out of High School at the minimum. To sustain adult literacy endeavors meant for adult secondary education (ASE), adult basic education (ABE), and English-as-a-Second Language (ESL) inputs, the AEA provides a public funding medium by way of granting federal grants to the state education outfits."
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Free University Education, 2008.
This paper analyzes the economic feasibility of free university education in Canada, China and Australia.
842 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
The paper explores the potential of governments financing university level schools to all citizens. The paper examines the government policies of Canada, China and Australia and relates that funding at the state level offers little economic functionality for the implementation of free education. The paper shows how it is currently impossible to implement such a policy within these growing economic developmental countries.
Outline:
Introduction
Analyzing the Economic Feasibility of Free University Education in Canada, China and Australia
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The definition of free university education is directly related to the government financing of university level schools to all citizens. This makes education a viable option for all members of society, regardless of race, class status, or other variables of society that desire to be educated. This would encourage a wider variety of critical thinking that would encourage a multi-racial and multi-cultural structure in education. The system would be financed through state tax revenues, which would be regulated by the governing body towards expenses and costs for the education. In the 9 year compulsory system, the state would fund primary and secondary school education with options in higher education at university levels."
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Global Financing: Minimizing Risk, 2008.
An analysis of the role of multinational banks in minimizing the risks associated with global financing.
1,002 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the subject of global financing and the exchange rate. It focuses on the roles that international financial institutes such as World Bank, IMF and ADB for example, have with regard to global financing operations and risk management. The paper specifically looks at how multinational banks can minimize the risks associated with global financing.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Global Financing
Risk Management
Conclusions and Commentary
From the Paper
"Blount (1998) suggests that reductions in risks associated with global financing will stem from cooperative efforts between banks and political leaders. Such efforts should involve "defining uniform codes for security and financing issues" and "braiding exchange trading and bank settlement processes" in a manner that creates "multi-currency accounting" and financing systems (Blount, 1998: 38). While on paper this concept seems simple, it is often difficult to commingle varying political and economic interests between companies to create stable bank financing and exchange trading policies to which every country will agree to. At most global financial institutions can hedge risks by looking for and working with countries that demonstrate stability and an active interest in cooperating with other countries to create more fluid "global capital markets" (Blount, 1998: 38)."
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