| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "FINANCIAL ETHICS HEALTH CARE": |
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Financial Ethics of Health Care, 2005.
A discussion of financial ethics in health care.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses financial ethics in health care. The paper further explores research through three articles related to ethical concerns within health care and the financial entities that should abide by them. The paper also discusses what is meant by ethics in health care finance today, as well as determine how this term is applied to the modern health care environment.
From the Paper
"Financial ethics in health care is considered to be an unspoken "covenant of trust" between health care professionals and society. This covenant includes the expectation that the individual will be placed above all other concerns in health care. The financial obligations of the physician or health care facility are included in this covenant ("Ethical," 1995). This trust was originally formulated in the days when doctors practiced medicine through home visits. Fees were based on a mutual agreement between patient and practitioner ("Ethical," 1995). There were few technologies prompted physicians to conduct research, and an even less proportion of equipment to run tests in the event of illness. Hospitals were community organizations that aided the sick, regardless of their ability to pay. There was little concern for the ethics of health care finance, except in the cases of a physician's desire to earn more income ("Ethical", 1995)."
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Health Care and Managed Health Care: The Need for Sweeping Reforms, 2002.
A look at role of primary care nurse practitioners in relation to health care reforms.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper investigates the role of primary care nurse practitioners in respect to health care and health care reform. The failure of primary healthcare is critically assessed, in the respect that health care is currently "managed" by independent "for- profit" organizations, where there is an emphasis on financial success rather than patient welfare. This paper also places a strong emphasis on the role of nurse care practitioners in the state of Florida and in community health care clinics.
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Health Care Financial Management, 2003.
A comparison between financial management issues for health care institutions vs. other industries.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper addresses the differences between financial management in health care and that in other industries. In particular, the paper examines the challenges facing health care financial management during the summer of 2003. The paper also looks at the need for health care organizations to avoid risk and to engage in financial risk management.
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Health Care Financial Statements, 2004.
This paper discusses accounting methods used by health care organizations to evaluate their financial statements
1,145 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper explains if accounts and financial statements are not maintained, then a check on the company?s profit and loss or simple money expenditures cannot be analyzed. The author points out that, even though a check on an organization?s financial statement is kept by the accounts department, it is important that the managers understand and keep a check on these reports. The paper relates that members of a health care organization can make use of the guidelines put forward by the AICPA to evaluate the financial statements.
From the Paper
"Healthcare organizations deal with a huge mass of people every day. The cash flow statements, the profit and loss account and the balance sheet unveil the potency and feebleness of such organizations. Budgeting can be easily accomplished with the help of financial statements. Budgeting allows healthcare organizations to plan and utilize people?s resources, productive aptitude and finance to the fullest."
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Impediments to Health Care Access for Low Income Visible Minorities, 2002.
Identifies causal factors for the gap in health care access for lower-income Americans and visible minorities and the more affluent members of America's majority.
29,350 words (approx. 117.4 pages), 135 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
As the American population continues to become more diverse racially, members of visible minority groups within the population become more prominent. Simultaneously, with the increase in diversity, income distribution in the American economy has become more distorted. While economic growth in the United States has surged over the past decade, the income gap has widened; not only between the richest and poorest Americans, but also between moderate-income and low-income Americans. Members of visible minorities in the population tend to be represented disproportionately in the low-income and poverty classifications in the United States. While there is an abundance of implications of this state of affairs, one of the more crucial ones is access to health care. Individual and household financial capacity, the scarcity of employer-paid health insurance among small businesses, cultural differences based in social psychology and other factors frequently act as impediments to health care access for low-income individuals and households among visible minority population groups in the contemporary United States. This problem and these issues are investigated in this study. The study identifies causal factors for the gap in health care access between lower-income Americans and members of visible minorities in the United States, on the one hand, and more affluent Americans and members of the majority segment of the population, on the other hand. The initial chapter of this study delineates the problem investigated. Specific research questions are formulated and stated to provide greater focus for the investigation.
Social psychological theory and applied social psychology literature are reviewed in the second chapter. Literature relevant to the functioning of low-income and visible minority population groups in the United States within a social psychological context are reviewed in the third chapter. The fourth chapter is devoted to a review of literature relevant to both the health care system in the United States and the experiences of low-income and visible minority population groups in relation to health care access and health care delivery in the United States. An assessment of the problem investigated, performed within the structure of the research questions, is presented in the final (fifth) chapter. Conclusions drawn from the study findings are stated and recommendations for further research are made. The summary conclusions reached through the conduct of this study relate both to health care access and health care utilization by low-income persons and members of visible minorities. With respect to health care access, the summary conclusion reached is that a universal system of health care entitlement is required in the United States. In relation to health care utilization by low-income persons and members of visible minorities, the summary conclusion reached is that extensive education is required for both low-income persons and members of visible minorities, on the one hand, and health care providers, on the other hand. Low-income persons and members of visible minorities require education on the benefits and function of health care services, while health care providers require education in the social mores of the diverse populations they must serve.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Problem Delineation
Background on the Problem
Statement of the Problem
Research Questions
Review of Relevant Social Psychology Theory and Literature
Introduction
Sociological Theory and Health Care
The Welfare State
Accessing Contemporary Health Care
Role of Ethics in Accessing Health Care
Alternative Health Care Delivery Systems
Chapter Conclusions
Social Functioning of Low-Income and Visible Minority Population Groups
Introduction
HIV/AIDS Related Behavior
Initiatives to Improve Health Care
Access and Behaviors
The American Health Care System and the Experiences of Low-Income and Visible Minority Groups
Introduction
The American Health Care System
Analysis of Health Care Delivery Systems
Care Quality
Alternative Approaches to Health Care
Bioethical Issues
Problems of Accessibility
Initiatives to Improve Minority Access
Chapter Conclusions
Assessment of the Problem Discussion, Recommendations for Further Research
Appendices
Annotated Bibliography
From the Paper
"Social Cognitive Theory [self-efficacy] emphasizes the role of expectancies, self-efficacy, peer normative influences, and social competency skills as key components affecting adolescents? behaviors (DiClemente, Lodico, Grinstead, Harper, Rickman, Evans, & Coates, 1996). The applicability of models based on social psychological principles for understanding African-Americans? decision-making and sexual behavior has been questioned because most such models tend to be individually-focused and do not take into account the social context in which the behavior is embedded (Cochran & Mays, 1993). Social cognitive theory, however, explicitly integrates behavioral, cognitive, and environmental factors as reciprocally interactive. Thus, given the hypothesized multi-factorial nature of sexual decision making and the potential impact of the high-risk social environment of the study population, approaches based on social cognitive theory are thought to be particularly relevant for understanding the myriad factors that may affect African-Americans? sexual behavior."
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Universal Health Care, 2005.
This paper criticizes the U.S. health care system by arguing that health care is a right, not a commodity.
870 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that basic health care for all people, including regular check-ups and the treatment of illnesses, should be considered a fundamental human right as stated in the United Nations Declaration of Human Rights. The author points out that the United States spends 14 percent of its GDP on health care and still does not provide for all its citizens; financially, the best interests of patients are rarely aligned with the best interests of doctors and most people cannot judge accurately, which allows health care costs to soar. The paper suggests that government needs to play a larger role in making health care affordable as proven by the superior care provided by Veterans' Administration (VA) hospitals.
From the Paper
"Because everyone ought to have health care and resources are limited, it is necessary to discover ways to distribute precious health care resources. John Rawls' model of distributive justice employs the concept of the "veil of ignorance," a useful tool for determining what is the fairest way to distribute goods among people. This idea is essentially a thought experiment, which requires that one imagines that societal roles were being completely redistributed, and that from behind a veil of ignorance, one does not know what role he or she will receive. This forces people to put themselves in the positions of even the least-cared-for members of society."
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Unethical Aspects of Health Care, 2005.
This paper states that the unethical aspect of health care is not a crisis of care but rather of cost.
1,205 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper stresses that basic premise of ethical health care is to make sure everyone has an opportunity to be treated, to have his illness cured if possible and not to leave the patient and his family with a huge financial burden. The author points out that, while individuals may complain about the rising costs of health care, it is the shouting of large corporations, who are paying a share of these costs through employee programs, that has alerted the public and government regulators to the high price of health provision. The paper contends that, although many experts may agree that the problem is "market-driven health care", the facts are (1) that it is nearly impossible for a patient to "compare" services and (2) the traditional hospital survive through donations and gifts from philanthropists, while the managed-care facilities must operate on a for-profit basis.
From the Paper
"Technology is supposed to reduce the cost by increasing efficiencies. However, many of the traditional hospitals have become so enamored with some of the new technological and surgical machinery and instrumentation that "they have been so pervasively purchased by health care institutions- some of which use them very little that they have increased the costs as well." What has happened is that new technologies, which may include lasers and even plastics, have increased the number of elective surgeries, since the trauma of great pain and lengthy operations and after-care have now been minimized."
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Future Aspects of Health Care, 2005.
This paper discusses future aspects of health care from an administrative and management perspective.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 4 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This nine page undergraduate paper examines future aspects of health care from the perspective of health care administrators and managers. The writer notes that it is evident that challenges must be overcome, despite the numerous problems presented by historical, social, ethical, technological, and financial factors. The writer points out that at the present time, the health care system in the United States is confronting rising costs and undiminished expectations, and the system is in crisis. Further, the writer discusses that controversial issues of socialized medicine, cost shifting, and budget deficits will have to be addressed if needed reforms of the American health care system are to be implemented.
From the Paper
"In examining future aspects of health care from the perspective of health care administrators and managers, it is evident that they must overcome the numerous challenges presented by historical, social, ethical, technological, and financial factors. At the present time, the health care system in the United States is confronting rising costs and undiminished expectations, and the system is in crisis. Controversial issues of socialized medicine, cost shifting, and budget deficits will have to be addressed if needed reforms of the American health care system are to be implemented. But reforming health care in the United States is contentious because it will affect the level of services and involve tens of millions of beneficiaries and taxpayers."
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Health Care in California, 2008.
This paper discusses and examines the 'California Health Care Market Report 2006' by Allan Baumgarten.
763 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that according to the annual market study of California's health plans, hospital systems and physician organizations, as conducted by the California Health Care Fund, overall the market is experiencing less turmoil than it did in the first part of the century. The writer looks at the 'California Health Care Market Report 2006' written by Allan Baumgarten and notes that the purpose of the report is to present a comprehensive data resource on such important health care related factors as financial results, enrollment trends, measures of utilization, market share and effectiveness of care. The writer maintains that the conclusions of the study are valid as the reader can make the same determinations from the presented data.
From the Paper
"The study found several major trends. Among these are a shift away from HMOs, thus putting greater pressure on physician organizations; economic power shifting generally away from hospitals and instead back towards individual health plans; hospitals are spending a majority of their funds on physical construction and expansion programs; and continued challenges to the growing number of uninsured and underinsured.
"The study itself was generally successful in following the criteria of good research. Doing research in the healthcare field is becoming more and more difficult with new privacy protections such as the federal government's HIPPA legislation. However, despite this limitation, the annual study conducted by the California Healthcare Market Report did a good job of taking a broad approach of this abstract and large market in order to get a good understanding of its current state."
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Health Care Budgeting, 2005.
This paper discusses the impact of government laws and regulations on budgeting by health care facilities.
1,005 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that health care budgeting is one of the most difficult tasks that companies face because it must be modified regularly to reflect frequent and complex changes in government policies and Medicare and Medicaid rate changes. The author points out that the most dramatic affect that Medicare and Medicaid has on health care facilities is the ever changing reimbursement rates, which fluctuate every quarter and are not known to the company in advance so trying to budget for an intangible balance can be an uphill battle. The paper concludes that, until the federal and state governments are able to properly and effectively balance their own financial budgets, all health care companies must regularly take steps to be as prepared as possible for the changes that affect their company budgets.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Budgeting Process
Government Laws
Affects On Budgeting
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The budget for the health care industry can be greatly affected by government laws that can change frequently. These changes can have a negative as well as a positive affect on health care. The government is focused on balancing the budget, as well as, keeping the social and financial interests of the people in mind. As the Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid programs start to lose money the government must concern itself with how to keep the programs running. Lowering payments for health care is one option the government uses to stop the loss of money to fund the program. This action can affect the health care company's budget by giving the organization less money to work with then they originally budgeted. Another way to increase the programs is to increase taxes the company has to pay in order to raise the needed funds to keep the programs afloat. This can also increase the budget for organization and force companies to use previously allocated funds into the tax budget."
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The Health Care System of Puerto Rico, 2004.
An analysis of the health care system in Puerto Rico.
2,056 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper contends that health care systems across the world are experiencing critical problems. The paper focuses on the health care system of Puerto Rico. Population characteristics are investigated, as well as the economy, health status parameters, financial parameters, access and availability, accountability, planning, patient autonomy, and satisfaction. The paper determines how these factors influence the effectiveness of the overall health care system on the island of Puerto Rico.
From the Paper
"Puerto Rico is an island located east of the Dominican Republic. As a result of the Spanish American War Puerto Rico is a territory of the United States and its citizens were granted U.S. citizenship in 1917. The island has been at the forefront of political and economic debate for quite some time. The island was inhabited by aboriginals but after 400 years of colonial rule, the original people group that inhabited the island was nearly extinct."
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Health Care, 2004.
An analysis of database design and management for health care.
1,296 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the health care and insurance industries have adopted relational database and other related applications software technology to manage physician information. The paper contends that the United States health care system is a compilation of insurance companies, health plans, physicians, hospitals, clinics, consumers, governmental agencies, and public health programs. These organizations strive to become more efficient and, therefore, cost effective. The paper claims that the entire health care system has begun to adopt information technology as an answer for cutting back and stopping the financial bleeding.
From the Paper
"The healthcare system should be efficient because of the nature of contract medicine. Consider that today?s healthcare system has become a contract driven process. For example, when a private company hires a new employee, that employee then becomes eligible for healthcare coverage through the Health Maintenance Organizations (HMO) contracted with the employer. The employee is required to choose a physician who will then act on behalf of the employee and the HMO in the role of a Primary Care Physician. That HMO has already established a contract with that doctor as well as hundreds or even thousands of other doctors, hospitals, clinics and other various healthcare related organizations such as a local gym or a physical therapist?s office. These contracted agreements entail a great deal of information that is in constant flux. Therefore, the process of managing these contracts comes down to managing the abundance of information for each of these entities. This control has become possible through the use of modern database technology."
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Health Care in Mexico, 2006.
This paper examines the extreme inequality of the health care system in Mexico.
3,120 words (approx. 12.5 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 90.95
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Abstract
This paper details the escalating health care crisis in Mexico. While the wealthy in Mexico enjoy the best health care with modern facilities where many of the doctors are graduates of U.S. and European universities, those who live near or below poverty levels the health care system is at a distinctly lower level. This paper discusses the cases of improper medicine doses that have been documented in places such as the National Hospital for Children at San Jose as well as the conditions doctors are expected to cope with, such as providing their own medical equipment. The writer of this paper also explores the recent financial crisis Mexico has seen which results in clinics and hospitals operating dangerously low levels of safety.
From the Paper
"The Doctors of the World organization has sent medical volunteers to help the understaffed San Carlos Hospital. This is the only hospital facility in the Altamarino area that covers a population of around 60,000 people in 600 communities and these people are in great need of health care reforms.This organization has recently started a new program in Altamarino to train and instruct the indigenous young women to serve as hospital aids and community health promoters to perform health outreach and help to educate people in their rural villages."
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Universal Health Care Insurance, 2007.
An analysis of the pros and cons for universal health care insurance in the United States.
1,164 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the arguments for and against universal health care insurance in the United States. The paper concludes that health insurance coverage should be assured in a nation that is as financially strong as the United States and should be instituted according to the guidelines as set out by the National Institute of Medicine.
Table of Contents:
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
I. Arguments Exist on Both Sides
II. Arguments Against Universal Health Care Insurance
III. Arguments in Support of Universal Health Care Insurance
IV. National Institute of Medicine Report Recommendations
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"Arguments provided against the Universal Health Care Insurance include the reasons as follows: (1) There isn't a single government agency or division that runs efficiently; if they can't run an office such as the DMV efficiently, how can we expect them to handle something as complex as health care? (2) "Free" health care isn't really free since we must pay for it with taxes; expenses for health care would have to be paid for with higher taxes or spending cuts in other areas such as defense, education, etc. (3) Profit motives, competition, and individual ingenuity have always led to greater cost control and effectiveness; (4) Government-controlled health care would lead to a decrease in patient flexibility; (5) Patients aren't likely to curb their drug costs and doctor visits if health care is free; thus, total costs will be several times what they are now..."
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The Health Care Crisis, 2006.
This paper examines U.S. health care policies and their flaws.
4,050 words (approx. 16.2 pages), 6 sources, $ 160.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how with the billowing costs of health care recalcitrant to conservative control measures, it is apparent that more aggressive policies need to be formulated that target not only the physician corporate medicine and hospitals, but also the consumer. The paper says that there is no doubt that both state and federal legislature will be needed to enforce some of the policies mentioned. The paper contends that there is also no doubt that state and federal governments will become more inept at handling the US health care crisis on a financial level.
From the Paper
"It is not new to state the fact that the present health care system in the US is in a state of disarray. It is no surprise either, that even before the advent of corporate medicine, managed care, health maintenance organizations (HMOs), etc. that the application of medicine, public health, politics and economics was, and still is, exceedingly complex, much less than palatable. Form the outset, the issue of policy formation in health care using an economic knowledge base is indeed daunting, as the most unpredictable variable in a myriad of other variables predicting health care consumption patterns - people - do not lend themselves kindly to theory. People are constantly aware of the many medical advances taking place every day. They are likewise constantly made aware of their health and how much more precious a commodity it is to them."
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