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Financial Accounting Standards Board, 2007.
A discussion of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) 128 and examples of its application.
1,571 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the purpose of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), which is to constantly monitor the condition of the financial accounting standards for their relevance to current market developments in order to foresee any probable problem areas and deliver secure functioning of companies, big and small investors and government as a whole. Specifically, the paper provides an explanation of FASB 128 and gives examples of its application.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Explanation of FASB 128 and Examples of Application
From the Paper
"Thus, the financial accounting standard 128 requires the company to clearly state all the facts they include in the arriving at the earnings per share and diluted earnings per share ratio which is further on must be reported in the company income statement and thus reveal relevant information to the investors probable and those already holding the company stock. In order to avoid any misunderstanding on the actual company financial information as the number of financial derivatives has increased greatly during the recent past, the standard requires the derivatives such as options, warrants, contingently issuable shares or employee performance measures which can be convertible into common stock, to be accounted for as common stock at the most profitable price for the investors, or the market value for the conversion."
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The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), 2007.
This paper evaluates the conceptual framework developed by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB).
1,225 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the objectives of the FASB's conceptual framework are to identify the goals and purposes of financial reporting and their underlying fundamentals; however, it is more than two decades old and has fallen behind the times especially in the area of currency and scope. The author points out that, despite the best attempts by the FASB to provide frameworks and standards to regulate accounting practices, unethical management always seems to discover loopholes to make their accounting statements say whatever they want them to say. The paper states that principle-based standards help management work with auditors to exercise professional judgment in determining appropriate accounting; nonetheless, rules-based accounting does more to promote consistency and adherence to guidelines.
Table of Contents:
The Conceptual Framework Developed by the FASB
The Role and Ethical Considerations
Principles-Based Accounting vs. Rules-Based Accounting
From the Paper
"Some believe the solution for preventing unethical accounting conduct is to regulate as many accounting translations as possible. While closing loopholes should certainly be an objective of standards setting bodies such as FASB, unethical people will always find a new and better way to behave unethically if their corporate culture allows or encourages unethical behavior or if people behaving unethically simply believe they will not be punished for their conduct. Increasingly, accountants need to be trained in ethics in addition to improving financial skills."
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The Financial Accounting Standard Board, 2006.
A discussion of the history and purpose of the Financial Accounting Standard Board.
1,416 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper gives a background of the purpose and history of the Financial Accounting Standard Board, or the FASB. The FASB was founded with the primary goal of devising the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in United States. The paper also defines the roles of the various organizations that fall under the umbrella of the FASB, such as the SEC and the PCAOB. The paper focuses additionally of the role of ethics in accounting, especially in relation to the Standards creating by the FASB.
Explain the FASB, SEC and PCAOB
Discuss the Relationship among the FASB, SEC, and PCAOB
Explain Basic Accounting Theories, Assumptions, and Principles
Evaluate the Role of Ethics in Accounting
From the Paper
"To cater to the basic objectives the financial statement is required to be relevant, to be reliable, being comparable as well as being consistent. So as to accomplish its basic objectives the GAAP is required to base on four hypotheses such as Economic Entity Assumption-that assumes the isolation of business from its owners or other businesses; Going Concern Assumption-that assumes the long term operation of business; Monetary Unit Assumption that assumes a stable currency as the unit of record; Periodicity Assumption that assumes the periodical record-ability of the business operations enabling comparison between present and past performances. "
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Financial Accounting Standards, 1992.
An overview of the Financial Accounting Standards Board and the development of standards of accounting for research and development costs.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"Background Review on the Development of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 2: Accounting For Research and Development Costs
One of the first tasks undertaken by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) following its establishment in 1973 was to place ?on its technical agenda a project on ?Accounting for Research and Development and Similar Costs?? (Financial Accounting Standards Board, 1974, p. 9). The project was placed on the Board?s technical agenda in April 1973. The Board noted that, in 1972, total research and development expenditures in the United States approximated $30 billion, of which approximately $20 billion were made by business enterprises. The remaining research and development expenditures were made by government, research universities, and..."
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Financial Accounting Standards Board, 1997.
Examines its history, purpose, accomplishments, powers, procedures and publications. Looks at conflict with corporations, its leadership and future.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 13 sources, $ 79.95
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From the Paper
"THE FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING STANDARDS BOARD
Introduction
This research examines the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). The examination begins with a brief history of the FASB and a consideration of the purpose of the organization. Major accomplishments of the FASB are discussed, and the current debate surrounding the FASB are addressed.
Purpose and History of the FASB
Financial accounting is concerned with recording the actual financial activities of an organization. The purpose of financial accounting, thus, is to provide the financial information necessary for an organization to do its job and for an organization to be able to accurately report its performance to investors, creditors, and governmental agencies. Public confidence.."
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International Accounting Standards, 2005.
A discussion of the international movement towards common accounting standards for all countries and the United States' role.
1,611 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the international movement towards common accounting standards for all countries, and how, as a major economic power, the United States has an important role to play in the matter. The paper further examines the standards that have been developed by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). The paper concludes with an analysis of America's current practices, focusing on the four Statements of Federal Financial Accounting Concepts abd addressing the main objectives behind federal financial reporting. It looks at the identification of the organization doing the reporting and presents a discussion of issues that are related to the preparation of management's discussion. The paper also presents an analysis of the financial statements.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Analysis
Conclusion
End Notes
References
From the Paper
"The present system is to capitalize the asset as per international accounting standards. The expenses that are being talked about are under in process research and development. Apart from this FASB has decided that capitalization of IPR&D will only apply to business combinations. When assets are purchased, and they are not viewed as businesses under GAAP in US, would continue to have IPR&D as expenses."
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The Future of Financial Reporting, 2008.
This paper explores the development of a conceptual framework for financial reporting and accounting by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).
1,734 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 19 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
The paper explores if the proposed conceptual framework for financial reporting and accounting covers the main facets of the original framework of both the FASB and the IASB and whether the purpose of financial reporting is omitting a vital element. The paper further examines whether the decision-useful objective necessarily encompasses the stewardship objective. The paper concludes that it is necessary to have separate objectives related to stewardship and decision-usefulness.
Outline:
Introduction
Financial Reporting that is 'Decision-Usefulness'
Stewardship Objective
Should the Stewardship Objective be Included Separately?
From the Paper
"The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) have decided to revise their conceptual frameworks for financial reporting and accounting. Ideally, the present framework of both boards will be broader and expansive so as to develop a conceptual framework, which both Boards can use as an outline for new and revised accounting standards. This amalgamation is very important since markets become more international in scope, there is a need for global accounting standards that are consistent irrespective of the geographical boundaries. Also, 'there was a need to provide direction and structure to financial accounting and reporting' (Penman 2006)."
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Financial Statements for Insurance Companies, 2006.
A look at Financial Accounting Standard 115, adopted by the Financial Accounting Standards Board, and the problems it will create.
2,248 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the increased difficulties in understanding the financial statements of insurance companies that will occur as a result of Financial Accounting Standard 115 (FAS 115) adopted by the Financial Accounting Standards Board. The paper explains that FAS 115 will create wide variations between companies in the carrying values used for debt securities which will necessitate even more analysis to determine a company's financial condition as well as make it impossible to compare companies' financial positions without restating each company's debt-security portfolio values to a common basis.
From the Paper
"Higher equity levels created by having debt securities carried at market will be misleading to financial statement users. Hardly anyone believes that a company can fully retain the security gains that currently exist in their portfolios. To do so would require curtailing crediting rates to those available based on current rates on new money. Competitive pressures won't allow companies to do this and retain their policyholder funds. To reflect such gains as equity of the company in the financials is just plain misleading."
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Pension Fund Accounting FAS87, 1990.
This paper is an analytical critique of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 87: Employers' Accounting for Pensions (Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), 1985), known as FAS87. .
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 16 sources, $ 79.95
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From the Paper
"This research provides an analytical critique of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 87: Employers' Accounting for Pensions (Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), 1985), hereinafter referred to as FAS87. The essence of the Statement involves the application of accrual accounting principles to pension fund accounting by employers, with a special emphasis on the single-employer defined benefit plan (FASB, 1985).
In this research, the issues involved in pension fund accounting are considered, together with the provisions of FAS87 designed to address those issues. FAS87 is also assessed within the contexts of Statement of Financial Accounting Concepts No. 1: Objectives of Financial Reporting by Business Enterprises (FASB, 1978), Statement of Financial Accounting Concepts No. 2: ... "
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Conceptual Frameworks, 2008.
This paper focuses on the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) conceptual framework development initiative.
797 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the changes in the proposed Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) and International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) conceptual framework development initiative. The paper explains that the changes aim to bring coordination between both the FASB and IASB conceptual frameworks and also to bring the individual organization's frameworks into line with their set standards.
From the Paper
"The FASB report entitled Selected Issues Relating to Assets and Liabilities with Uncertainties was based on a joint 2004 project between FASB and IASB with the purpose of improving the organization's conceptual framework. The areas of improvements generally focus on establishing objectives for better financial reporting by creating qualitative characteristics to be used when conducting financial reporting. The main area of interest in the report is assets and liabilities, primarily the role of probability and uncertainty in defining, recognizing and measuring assets and liabilities."
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Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No 16, Prior Period Adjustments, 1993.
A look at its background, provisions, purpose, pros and cons.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 31.95
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From the Paper
"This research examines Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 16, Prior Period Adjustments. Of particular interest in this examination are the reasons prompting the development of Statement No. 16, the provisions of Statement No. 16, and the key issues addressed by the FASB in the development of Statement No. 16, including a consideration of arguments pro and con on the issues addressed.
In the mid-1970s, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) Committee on SEC Regulations requested that the FASB consider the criteria for prior period adjustments, as those criteria were stated in APB Opinion No. 9, Reporting the Results of Operations, and provide further guidelines for the application of such criteria.1 APB Opinion No. 9 stated, among other things, that prior period adjustments were limited to the..."
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Accounting for Income Taxes, 2005.
Discussion of the Exposure Draft (ED) released on July 14, 2005 by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB).
4,358 words (approx. 17.4 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 114.95
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Abstract
The Financial Accounting Standards Board released an Exposure Draft on July 14, 2005, entitled "Accounting for Uncertain Tax Positions, An Interpretation of FASB 109, Accounting for Income Taxes". This draft was released for comment before its implementation as part of the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles for entities to use in preparation of their financial reports. This paper shows that the purpose of the Exposure Draft is to resolve widespread diversity in accounting for income taxes by requiring firms to recognize in their financial statements the best estimate of the impact of a tax position. The paper shows that the ED also contains guidance for measuring the benefit that is recognized for an uncertain tax position and when that position should no longer be recognized. The paper examines comments by critics who feel that the Exposure Draft is complex, may be difficult to implement and could result in significant overstatements of firms' tax liabilities.
Paper Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Background
Financial Reporting vs. Tax Reporting
Purpose of FASB 109, Accounting for Income Taxes
Findings
Purpose of the FASB's Exposure Draft
Discussion
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"The temporary differences between the U.S. income tax rules and the GAAP requirements for financial reporting result in some income tax expense being recorded long before it is paid creating a deferred income tax liability (Horngren, et al., p. 340). These temporary or timing differences arise because some revenue and expense items are recognized at different times for tax purposes than for financial reporting purposes. Timing differences may accumulate over more than one year and create variations between the tax basis of an asset or liability and its reported amount in financial statements. These temporary variances usually become taxable or deductible when the related asset is recovered or the related liability is settled. A deferred tax liability or asset represents the increase or decrease in taxes payable or refundable in future years as a result of temporary differences and carry forwards at the end of the current year (FASB, 1992)."
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International Financial Reporting, 2008.
An assessment of the barriers and challenges to the institution of the International Accounting Standards Board's (IASB) international financial reporting standards (IFRS) .
6,240 words (approx. 25.0 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 146.95
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Abstract
This research paper focuses on the International Accounting Standard Board's (IASB) international financial reporting standards (IFRS) and the barriers and challenges that exist to adoption and implementation of these standards. The work conducts an extensive review of relevant academic and professional literature to identify these challenges and barriers and identifies the steps that are necessary to overcome these challenges.
Outline:
Objective of the Research
Questions of the Research
Methodology
Introduction
Literature Review
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"In a recent report Allen Blewitt, Chief Executive of the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants (ACCA) warned that "implementation of, and compliance with, International Financial Reporting Standards would be adversely impacted unless the standards were made less complex." Blewitt specifically stated while speaking at a conference in London that: "What I believe the IASB most urgently needs to address are the barriers to implementation. From talking to our members working in business around the world, it is clear that the length of the standards and complexity of the concepts represent a very real problem in many countries. The standards have been described to me as a major turn-off and disincentive for accountants in commerce and industry. People who initially qualified as accountants and are now principals and managing directors resent that they can no longer understand the accounts of the business that they helped to build. I am concerned that, despite the name of the project, the focus of IASB's considerations are going to be large unlisted entities. The overwhelming need for a new set of standards is not for these few companies but for the much larger numbers of genuine SMEs. If the IASB fails to satisfy this real and urgent demand that exists around the world, then some other body must step in and deal with the real problem."
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FASB Section 115, 2004.
An analysis and argument of the validity of establishing Section 115 by the FASB (Financial Accounting Standards Board).
795 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the FASB (Financial Accounting Standards Board) in the recent years has revised many accounting standards and policies to effectively govern corporations for the benefit of the public. In particular, it looks at how, in its attempt to curtail unaccounted for incomes and earnings, the FASB issued the FASB No.115 section in which it states that companies reporting their financials can determine their investment securities as held-to-maturity, available-for-sale, or trading. It discusses the author's opinion that Section 115 is not only impractical, but it is also not feasible for companies who practice it.
From the Paper
"First of all companies that have held to maturity securities are often indebted but because of their credit worthiness, the face value of their securities remains high. At the time of sale of assets and settling of liabilities, these companies can bargain with the buyers of the fair price value of the securities. This is usually the case when there is a high demand for the securities in the market or that the industry is undergoing some changes. The mandate that the securities be sold at amortized cost and the securities? unrealized gains or loss be part of the equity often result in debt for the buyers as they are still considered to be liabilities for the company unless the securities mature."
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Intellectual Capital: A Corporate Asset, 2000.
An examination of human intelligence and human competency as a corporate asset and the Financial Accounting Standards Board's (FASB) conceptual framework for financial accounting.
1,563 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 13 sources, $ 51.95
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From the Paper
"The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) defines an asset as having three essential characteristics: (1) ?probable future economic benefit?, (2) ?exchangeability?, and (3) ?the entity?s right to control-ownership?. The relevancy of the asset in generating corporate revenue determines if the asset is tangible or intangible and therefore dictates its place on the balance sheet. Corporations increased emergence in global economic activity and technology has compelled corporations to re-evaluate the importance of human intelligence/knowledge and its impact on revenues. This new awareness has resulted in corporations investing substantial capital in human resource activities such as training and development, retention, and recruitment. Corporate decision-makers and investors argue than human capital investments are directly related and essential to the organization?s income producing ability. Therefore, these investments should be recorded as assets on the balance sheet. Corporations considering mergers or buy-outs place considerable credence and relevancy on the ?soft? or ?intangible? assets of an organization. Intangible assets are crucial in aiding investors or decision-makers in evaluating the profitability and performance of operations and for futuristic planning. Investors no longer rely solely on the financial statements of corporations and the absolute values therein to determine or gauge corporate wealth and corporate performance. This revolution deems current generally accepted accounting principles invalid and outdated by corporate standards."
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