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Hockey and Women, 2008.
This paper examines women's increasing inclusion and success in Canadian hockey.
1,067 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses ho,w although Canada is a liberal society based on equal rights, hockey is traditionally seen as a sport for men, since it involves power, violence and brute force. The paper first looks at Canada's long history of sexist thinking and women's growing role in hockey today. The paper then discusses the success of Canada's Olympic women's ice hockey team that indicates that traditional, sexist notions of women in sport are finally being overturned.
Outline:
Introduction
Women and Hockey
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Though the popular media is now making moves towards supporting and encouraging women's participation in ice hockey, it is true that the sport in Canada has a long history of sexist thinking. Sports observers have even acknowledged that women were certainly a late inclusion in the world of "masculine" sports. Such voices include Gruneau and Whitson (1994), authors of the book "Hockey Night in Canada". Gruneau and Whitson acknowledge that women have painstakingly made their way in the hockey arena after fighting decades of repression and sexist stereotyping. As the authors attest, it was more than a hundred years after hockey was born that women were finally recognized as potential players."
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John B. Lee's "The Hockey Player Sonnets: Overtime Edition", 2007.
This paper discuses the ways in which the poems in John B. Lee's book "The Hockey Player Sonnets: Overtime Edition" contribute to the mythology of hockey as a quasi-religion.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that the poems in John Lee's "The Hockey Player Sonnets: Overtime Edition" are myths not because they attribute hockey to divine intervention or planning but rather because they contribute to establishing a man--made spiritual world, a religion of hockey for Canada. The author points out that the poems contribute to the mythology of Canadian hockey in that they are a system of hereditary stories, which explains the rationale for social customs and observances. The paper relates that the mythology of hockey is clearly a male mythology even though females have been trying to join it for some time. The author concludes that this idealized world of Canadian hockey is very well mirrored by Lee's poems so that they, in themselves, contribute to the hockey mythology of Canada. The paper quotes some of the poems from this book and analyzes them.
From the Paper
"This is a regrettable state of affairs for all those women who would like to be more included in hockey. However, the fact of the matter is that most mythology has been male - male mythology created by males for other males. Consider the very earliest mythology, Homer's "Odyssey" and "Iliad". Both of these are stories of male endeavours - lyrical hymns to the traditionally male pastimes of war and conquest, rape and pillaging. The only role the women play is to stay home and wait, as Penelope does so very well. The fact that this mythology was exclusively male does not mean it is not mythology."
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Bull Fighting in Spain, 2008.
Presents arguments in favor of Spanish bull fighting and opposed to bull fighting with type of argument and fallacy indicated in the opposition argument.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper first supports the decision of the state-run Spanish television network in ending the tradition of broadcasting bull fighting and presents reason for this position. The paper then takes the opposite position in favor of bull fighting. In opposition argument, the paper identifies the type of fallacy and argument mistakes.
Table of Contents:
Against Bull Fighting
Response Paper Indicating Type of Fallacy and Argument: For Bull Fighting
From the Paper
"People who criticize bullfighting disrespect tradition and by discrediting customs, they hope to achieve globalization and the deletion of what is specific to each nation. (guilt by association) Perhaps my arguments are in vain since most protesters are American, and Americans do not know much about traditions. (hasty generalization) Also, I find it a bit ironic that a nation that was born only a few centuries ago can criticize Spain who was an immensely wealthy and advanced state at the time when America was being discovered. Moreover, the fact that America has virtually no authentic universal customs or traditions does not give it the right to criticize others for having a cultural background which they want to preserve. (personal attack)."
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Hockey as Canadian Mythology, 2006.
A look at the significant role that hockey plays in the Canadian national identity using John B. Lee's book, "The Hockey Sonnets".
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
Every nation has a unique way of expressing their most deeply held beliefs and customs through local art, community projects, or organized activities like sports. This paper explains that, in Canada, geography and nature have resulted in the game of hockey being part of the national landscape. The paper further discusses John B. Lee's book, "The Hockey Sonnets", and how it uses the mythology of hockey to express cultural ideologies and dramatic narratives from the viewpoint of the Canadian cultural identity.
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The Hockey Lock-out, 2008.
This paper discusses the reasons for the bitter divide between the National Hockey Players' Association and the National Hockey League in 2004 and 2005.
1,135 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at the break-down of trust between the National Hockey Players' Association and the league in 2004 and 2005. The paper argues that the unfortunate labor relations which characterized the situation were largely because both sides allowed personal considerations, past wrongs and egos to get in the way of a dispassionate treatment of the matters at hand. The paper discusses how although the issues themselves were complicated and defied easy resolution, the stubbornness of both parties made the problem worse than it needed to be.
From the Paper
"The 2004-05 National Hockey League lock-out caused great consternation among hockey fans while simultaneously bringing into sharp relief the tensions between professional hockey players and hockey management. For example, neither side was prepared to make any concessions to the other (the players certainly were not) and thus a host of issues - minimum salaries, playoff bonuses, operation of the arbitration process, revenue sharing (something the owners were less-than-enthusiastic about), higher player fines for misbehavior, and the number of games on the regular-season schedule - were left "on the table" at a time when they should have really, conclusively, been dealt with (Staudohar, 23-29). As a long-time hockey observer, this writer is left to wonder whether or not the intransigence of the players was rooted in a deep-seated suspicion of hockey management because of the decades-long mistreatment of players by the ownership of the league."
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Ice Hockey, 2001.
History of the game. NHL teams. Hockey at college level. Minor & youth leagues. Youth hockey & school teams.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 7 sources, $ 39.95
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From the Paper
" Ice hockey has been a major winter preoccupation of Canada's male youth for almost a century and is now played seriously in 20 countries, including the U.S.A. The word "hockey" itself was probably derived from the French "hoquet" for "shepherd's crook," referring to the shape of the stick. There is evidence that New York Dutch and New Englanders also played a game similar to hockey during colonial times, but these were more formless affairs. Ice hockey as we know it was first played in Montreal in 1875, with a set of rules formalized by J.G.A. Creighton, a McGill student (Marsh).
The first organized team came into being in 1879 as the McGill University Hockey Club. The first "world championship" was held in 1883 at the Montreal Ice Carnival and was won by..."
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Poem: John B. Lee's "Hockey Heart", 2008.
An analysis of John B. Lee's poem, "Hockey Heart".
1,810 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that John B. Lee's poem, "Hockey Heart" reflects the Canadian spirit towards hockey, not simply as a sport for the nation, but as a way of life. The paper goes on to discuss the significance of the opening line of the poem, how Lee is able to capture the very personal relationship to hockey that each Canadian has even though it is an activity held dear by all Canadians, and the effective use of images in the poem. The paper concludes that Lee's poem "Hockey Heart" is like a national anthem, in that it is identifiable to those who had played and loved hockey.
From the Paper
"Lee's hockey player however is the most committed boy of the bunch: he is "always the last to leave" a game. In each Canadian child hockey player's mind, they are the most passionate about the sport, and usually the most adept, committed player. However, Lee's hockey player is revealed here to be not only a committed player but the most romantic and dedicated one. The fact that he is the last to leave shows that he is the one who lags around after the game, reflecting on the game, his performance and his love of the sport."
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Fighting Corruption and Global Management, 2005.
This paper unravels and examines the mechanics of corruption and the ways to fight it. It then offers solutions to the growing body of government and corporate organizations trying to fight it.
9,687 words (approx. 38.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 197.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how corporations must create a corporate culture that refuses bribe requests and establish clear corporate codes that employees unwaveringly adhere to. They must also assure managers that the company will back them when they refuse to pay. The paper explains that the potential, in terms of criminal liability, skewed relationships, lost contracts, disqualification from government contracts, loss of reputation is simply too great to ignore. Because bribery is illegal, it is conducted behind closed doors, with those involved expending time and resources to keep their secret. It discusses how companies also face the very real possibility of being pushed to pay more and more bribes as their reputation as a bribe-payer spreads. The writer argues that there are international trade implications surrounding corruption - corruption degrades markets, and increases transaction costs. Corruption also drastically affects economic development by causing a mis-allocation of resources. But more damaging is the fact that in endemically corrupt systems, regular people are not getting served by the government; they don't trust the government so they don't interact with the government. The paper concludes that third world countries suffer the most at the hand of corrupt business managers and politicians - as companies strive to eliminate corruption, economic globalization for all countries will no doubt improve.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Historical Background of the Importance of Business Management
Direct Effect of Global Corruption on Business Management
The Emerging Global Anti-corruption of Management
Global Business Management Leadership Practices & Studies
Motorola
General Electric (GE)
Corruption in Third World Countries
Globalization in Third World Countries
Corruption and Business Management
Future Measures
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Increasing, in many parts of the world, companies and governments alike have recognized that corruption raises the costs and risks for doing business. Corruption has a corrosive impact on both market opportunities overseas and the broader business climate. During the last 10 years, dramatic new imperatives have emerged for companies to take action against corruption and bribery. Once viewed by many firms as an awkward but necessary requirement of doing business, corruption and bribery are emerging instead as a form of business malpractice. Corruption also deters foreign investment, stifles economic growth, and undermines legal and judicial systems. The risks of exposure have become greater, the costs of exposure more substantial, and a compelling body of evidence demonstrates that engaging in corruption and bribery damages company integrity, degrades the business environment, and fails to create enduring competitive advantage.
As a result of this problem, and to obtain a competitive advantage in the global markets of the twenty-first century, a growing number of businesses are taking proactive steps to detect and prevent corruption. With respect to the emerging international anti-corruption environment, the unifying concept in all of the global and regional processes is that effective action to prevent, detect, and punish corruption must be taken by each individual government and company. Leadership companies have responded to these imperatives by establishing comprehensive anti-corruption and bribery programs that include strong written policies, extensive training, and rigorous auditing and internal controls. In the later 1990's, a consensus emerged among businesses, governments, academics, and ordinary citizens that bribery and corruption are not defensible in either economic or cultural terms. Recent times have shed light on a number of companies that have experienced serious corruption and bribery incidents and have suffered reputation damage and enforcement actions as a result."
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Gruneau and Whitson's Hockey Night in Canada", 2007.
This paper analyzes the first chapter of Richard Gruneau and David Whitson's "Hockey Night in Canada: Sport, Identities and Cultural Politics".
975 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Chapter 1 of Gruneau and Whitson's "Hockey Night in Canada: Sport, Identities and Cultural Politics" offers the reader an introduction to the subject of hockey and the politics of culture. The author points out that the organizing theme of the chapter is the key question: "What has hockey got to do with culture?" The paper relates that the authors do not answer definitively this question; however, they do offer an excellent overview of the various ways in which the reader can approach the question. The author states that it is important to the framework of the book that the definition of culture includes sports, such as hockey. The paper states that the author now understands that there are many legitimate ways in which hockey can be deemed as culture. The paper includes quotations.
From the Paper
"Gruneau and Whitson give notice of this theme when they kick off their chapter with the apparent irony of Yevgeny Yevtushenko saying that Phil Esposito was Canada's greatest poet. In case the reader fails to see the irony, they describe the physical, hyper-masculine world of hockey, contrasting it with the "vaguely effeminate character" of poetry. They also make the point that the average macho hockey player would be loath to be associated with poetry - and by the same token, the average intellectual would be loath to be associated with the (perceived) low-brow world of hockey."
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'Fight Club' and Violence, 2009.
This paper looks at the issue of violence as discussed in the film 'Fight Club' directed by David Fincher and in the media at large.
933 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that it has been suggested and argued from a variety of camps that one of the most salient causes of school violence is the primacy of violent media content in the lives of the perpetrators. The writer discusses that a film such as David Fincher's 1999 'Fight Club' offers an interesting point of consideration to this subject, weighing in on the balance between the availability of anecdotal evidence as the relationship between violent content and violent behavior and the absence of empirical evidence connecting them in a patterned sociological way. The writer points out that this discussion on 'Fight Club' is directed by the observation which Sobhack offers concerning the ways that film can be used to reflect violence already inherent in society. The writer maintains that 'Fight Club' argues that the violent society creates violent behavior. The writer concludes that as 'Fight Club' argues, violence is a symptom of a greater social or psychological ailment, but it is always the case that one must be pragmatic in diagnosing that ailment if one is to understand the symptom.
From the Paper
"According to a bulk of studies on the topic, such exposure is to media violence is presumed to render an individual predisposed to violent behavior, absent of sensitivity to crime and the anguish of others, accepting of violent solutions to problems and generally comfortable in the presence of violence and advocates of violence. Test cases comparing groups of children, wherein a control group is exposed to 'appropriate' media content such as the above mentioned cartoons and situational comedies and a test group is presented with images of violence and vulgarity, have found that the children in the latter group do develop many of these characteristics. These characteristics are measured in observational settings, providing researchers with a short-term window into the responses children will undergo depending upon incoming media ideas. This may not be a fully satisfactory method for determining causality though."
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Chuck Palahniuk's "Fight Club", 2008.
This paper explores the definition of masculinity by looking at "Fight Club," by Chuck Palahniuk.
1,229 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 0 sources, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the book "Fight Club" by Chuck Palahniuk that describes a Fight Club that is a means of escape for its members. The paper discusses how the Fight Club members seek to return to the basic instincts that used to make a man a "man." The paper explains the Fight Club's belief that masculinity is about finding purpose, a way to get away from a society that seems to be so purposeless.
From the Paper
"What defines a man today? What are the boundaries and limits of society that allows men to recreate their masculine identity? One may say he is a man when he reaches the magic age of eighteen. One may
say he is a man when he has a job, and can support himself. Maybe one becomes a man when he has a wife and children and he is officially "the man of the house." Now stop. Rewind to fifty, one-hundred, even thousands of years ago; back when a man was defined by different standards. A man was defined by how many battles he won, wars he fought, hardships he overcame. One of the basic questions posed in Fight Club, by Chuck Palahniuk, is why men have allowed society to rob them of their free will, their internal experiences, and symbolically castrate them, robbing them of the fullness of their manhood. The men of Fight Club lack a trial by fire, a rite of passage, a test of self which leaves them asking why, and Tyler Durden giving them the answer they are looking for."
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A Struggle for Identity: CBC and Hockey Night in Canada, 2002.
An exploration of the part of hockey in the composition of Canada's national identity, focusing on a program broadcasted by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC).
1,534 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at multi-ethnicity in Canada and at what unifies this nation. It focuses on the sport of hockey as an important component of the country?s national identity. It looks at the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation and its struggle for identity, claiming that when it broadcasted its first ?Hockey Night? in Canada, it found it?s ?true being?. The paper explores the origin and importance of CBC?s ?Hockey Night? to national unity. It explains how the program crossed the boundaries of young and old, rich and poor, urban and rural, French and English, east and west. The paper also discusses the controversial aspect of the program?s time slot, overlapping the national news. The status of the program as a source of education is mentioned and the paper concludes with a review of the contribution of CBC?s ?Hockey Night? to the national identity of Canadians.
From the Paper
"Canada is comprised of many different cultures, spread over a vast geographical region. The only way for all these different types of people all over Canada to create a cohesive united nation to dwell on the similarities, which are shared amongst the majority. Cultural identity, it could be said can found when a whole nation can share in and care about a similar subject. For Canada this sense of national identity is represented by the sport of hockey. In any social or academic setting where the topic of discussion is Canadian identity the lists always begin with peacekeeping and multiculturalism and always come back to hockey. Some may say hockey is only a symbol of Canadian identity, and is no different then a moose, a beaver, or long winters. Hockey however has more then a symbolic animal because hockey gives a spirit of unification and it is here where our country has celebrated some of its greatest victories and most horrifying defeats. The love of the sport of hockey may not be shared by all Canadian citizens, but it is certainly been loved and adored by many since its beginnings in Montreal in 1875."
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Canada's Hockey Culture, 2008.
This paper examines the role of the media in Canada's hockey culture.
1,482 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
The paper illustrates how the media has constructed hockey along class and along ethno-linguistic lines. The paper looks at how hockey has been aggressively associated with violence and primitiveness and how these features have therefore been associated with working-class Canadians. The paper shows how hockey culture in Canada is an illustration of the tensions and preoccupations of Canadian society as a whole.
From the Paper
"The most obvious thing that springs to mind is that the media in Canada has enjoyed - if "enjoyed" is the right word - a curious relationship with the game of hockey. For one thing, ancient accounts of the game when it was first pushing its way into the commercial mainstream of Canadian society at the turn of the twentieth century seem to reveal a "chattering classes" that was acutely conscious of class divides. Specifically, newspaper accounts of the old International Hockey League that briefly survived from 1904 to 1907 suggest that the violence of the sport was rooted in its close association with working-class Canadians who played the professional game and who supported the professional game in large numbers (Mason & Duquette, 2004)."
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Film: David Fincher's "Fight Club", 2006.
This paper analyzes the David Fincher film, "Fight Club", starring Brad Pitt and Edward Norton.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the use of carefully chosen photography, editing, elements of drama and the expression of a range of ideologies combine to make "Fight Club" an unforgettable and powerful cinematic experience, which leaves viewers re-evaluating their own lives as well as the state of society itself. The author points out the film's dramatic setting, costumes and color, such as the dark, bare and harsh parking lot scene in which Norton and Pitt first fight, have great influence on the film. The paper relates that the most important method used in "Fight Club" to express the message of the movie is social commentary, and the 'Lament for a Sofa' scene is an explicit example.
From the Paper
"The photography used in the barroom meeting between Brad Pitt and Edward Norton, the descriptions of Pitt's "odd jobs," and in the first fight sequence not only foreshadow events to come in the film, but also add to the message of the film. The shots that frame Pitt and Norton throughout these sequences show an intimacy between the characters and their physical similarities. Though very different in personality and dress, the two sit and stand in close proximity in these scenes, suggesting more closeness than expected for those who, supposedly, are only brief acquaintances."
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Film: David Fincher's "Fight Club", 2008.
This paper examines the social message in David Fincher's film "Fight Club".
1,340 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 0 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that, in David Fincher's film "Fight Club", the protagonist is the "Narrator", a contemporary "everyman" who exhibits symptoms of urban loneliness and existential angst in a materialistic and meaningless society. The author relates that the film descends into violence and brutality as the character Tyler Durden, head of the "Fight Club", feels more alive fighting other males who also feel emasculated by contemporary culture. The author believes that Durden appears to be the alter-ego of the Narrator, someone who feels genuinely and has abandoned the superficial and materialistic pursuits of contemporary society and culture. The paper expresses that the filmmaker is attempting to provide a warning to viewers in contemporary society that if people do not redefine their identity through something more meaningful than materialism or macho notions of masculinity, society will erupt into chaos and violence.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Body
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The inability to define identity or connect with spirituality leads the members of the "Fight Club" to beat each other, engage in random acts of violence and destruction, and to ultimately plan for major destruction of society. These men have lost hope in contemporary society and its values to provide them with meaning or identity. Instead, they have become unable to feel or express spirituality because of living in a world where who you are is often defined by what you own or how much money you make. As Durden explains at one point, "You're not your job."
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