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Feminist Philosophy, 2002.
A look at how the feminist philosophy has helped women's interests.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This essay examines how the feminist philosophy has helped women make many advances in this society. The paper provides arguments for and against the argument that feminism has helped women's interests. The thesis itself argues that feminism has been a positive force, since it has counter-acted the sexism of the capitalist system.
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Postmodern Feminist Philosophy, 2004.
An analysis of three articles by Baker, Irigaray, and Gilligan, which explore the modern challenges faced by the feminist movement.
2,071 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper refers to three articles that explore the age-old cultural constructions of gender divisions from a new perspective of a postmodern feminist philosophy. It seeks to assert the feminine principle in nature. The three papers discussed are C. Gilligan's "Visions of Maturity"; L. Irigaray's "Questions - Postmodern Feminism"; and Robert Baker's article ,?Pricks & Chicks: A Plea for Persons?. Using Baker's main points, the writer here suggests that recognizing the sexuality of the different genders is the first key to achieving equality. This must then be followed by a change in the way we use words to describe men and women and their varying roles in society.
From the Paper
"The above realization is not new and has already led to the feminist movement proposing conceptual revisions in language. However, according to Baker, some of the revisions proposed are confused especially since the root of the problem really lies in society?s very conception of sex and the structuring of sexual identification. To start with, as Baker observes, it is extremely significant that society identifies women and men sexually. Consider, for instance, the way proper nouns and personal pronouns reflect the sex of the person. Consider also a most striking aspect of the conceptual discrimination of the two sexes as manifested in the fact that while the word ?man? can be substituted for humanity or mankind in any sentence without changing its meaning; significantly the word ?woman? cannot."
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Feminist and Anti-Feminist Films, 2005.
An analysis of the themes of male protection against male violence in the films, "Something Wild" and "Thelma and Louise".
742 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how good outlaws who are on the run from the law are a typical theme of American cinema and how both "Something Wild," directed by Jonathan Demme, and "Thelma and Louise," directed by Ridley Scott, are of the 'road movie' genre, which features the American myth of the open road and free and easy access to changing one's life through motion.
From the Paper
"Thus, both films deal with a problem-if feminism is about women's rights, what of women's rights if the law, for both men and women, is so often wrong. One reason both films provide different answers is that Something Wild involves a male and a female, while Thelma and Louise involves two females. Something Wild suggests that the female is only capable of full motion and movement on the open road in the presence of a male, while the plot of Thelma and Louise suggests that the road provides a potential means of escape for both men and women, and that the presence of men such as the cowboy/drifter of Brad Pitt can sunder female closeness."
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Feminist vs. Womanist Epistemology, 2007.
A comparison of womanist and feminist philosophies.
741 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the term 'womanist', which is used to generally describe the act of acting womanly. The paper explores how this definition includes behavior that is willful, courageous or audacious, according to Alice Walker, who coined the term "womanist epistemology." The paper further examines how the term "feminist" generally takes on another meaning, referring to females or women whose primary intent includes promoting the rights and equal opportunities of women. The writer proposes that the feminist approach is more negative and oppressive in nature, calling too much attention to the negative influence and practices of men in a patriarchal society. The writer argues that while it is important to call attention to oppressive practices, it is important to view a new paradigm with respect to the community as a whole.
From the Paper
"It is different from feminist epistemology as feminist's emphasis tends to be the oppression of women, primarily white women, without addressing categories of race and economics in its approach (Thomas, 1999). Womanist epistemology takes a more comprehensive approach and rather than focus on creating a "paradigm over against men" as it typical with feminist approaches, it offers an approach that recognizes "patriarchal systems as problematic" for the entire community, including women, men and children (Thomas, 1999). Thus it is less likely to pit men against women. Womanist epistemology focuses more on cultural knowledge and attempts to encourage philosophers to examine the dominant cultural themes that influence our living and general practices (Andersen & Hill, 1992; Thomas, 1999)."
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Paulo Freire?s Educational Philosophy, 2004.
This paper discusses the educational philosophies of Paulo Freire and their application to feminist theory.
2,030 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper explains Paulo Freire believes that an education curriculum should be designed to promote learning through individuals' critical thinking, which contrasts to the style of education in oppressive societies. The author points out that ?Problem Posing?, as opposed to ?Banking?, a core component of Freire?s educational philosophy, aims at bringing the most out of an individual because individuals are presented with a problem, and the individual is expected to solve it through critical thinking. The paper relates that feminist theory agrees with Freire?s philosophy that women are oppressed through ?banking? education's continuing the status quo for generations through the dominant male class.
From the Paper
"Besides the inclusion of disadvantaged students being at the receiving end of the ?banking? approach to education, in general most individuals are also oppressed. Educational as it is known is an ideological apparatus of the ruling class in society. So, it is through this apparatus that the masses are controlled. The curriculum so designed to educate the masses aid the ideological apparatus in maintaining control. Hence, by society the masses accepting the curriculum as good or are unaware that there can be other approaches to learning they help the ruling class maintain power."
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Philosophy of Education, 2007.
This paper discusses philosophy as it relates to educational institutions.
830 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the writer discusses that philosophies of education evolve in response to social and political changes. Moreover, the writer notes that philosophies of education reflect shifts in personal and collective consciousness, which also impact the form and function of schools.
While structure is an essential component in educational institutions, so too is an exploration of meaning. The writer maintains that when students are creatively engaged they maximize their learning potential regardless of grades and other formal means of assessment. The writer also explains that her personal philosophy of education combines pragmatism with idealism by putting feminist ideals into practice each and every day.
From the Paper
"Before discussing a philosophy of education it may be helpful to define terms and clarify meanings. Education serves both personal-psychological and social functions. On the one hand, education exists and should always exist outside of the social institutions that support it formally. In other words, the school is only one of many vehicles for education. Learning is also far more than the acquisition of information-based knowledge; education entails the exploration of various modes of thinking. We teach how to think, not what to think. Creativity is therefore an essential component to my personal philosophy of education, but creativity grounded in the type of pragmatic learning emphasized by John Dewey."
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Feminist Jurisprudence, 2006.
A discussion regarding feminist jurisprudence and landmark decisions relating to gender.
1,572 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a look at the topic of feminist jurisprudence. According to the paper, feminist jurisprudence as a philosophy and practical enterprise began in the 1960s. The paper continues saying that the foundation of feminist jurisprudence lies in the struggle for equal rights and against gender discrimination. It is essentially based on the view that societies have shown a tendency towards gender subjugation and discrimination.
From the Paper
"Sexual harassment in the workplace has been the focus of some important legal decisions. The first sexual harassment case in the United States is considered to be Barnes v. Train (1974). Another landmark case which established sexual harassment as a form of sexual discrimination was Williams v. Saxbe, 1976. This case showed that "...when sexual advances by a male supervisor towards a female employee, if proven, would be deemed an artificial barrier to employment placed before one gender and not another. " (Sexual harassment) The issue of sexual harassment was also spelt out by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) which issued various regulations in 1980 and which stated that sexual harassment was in fact a form of gender discrimination that related to the Civil Rights Act of 1964. "
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Feminist Theory and Abortion, 2008.
A discussion on abortion in light of feminist theory.
3,002 words (approx. 12.0 pages), 11 sources, APA, $ 88.95
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Abstract
This paper seeks to take a critical look at feminist theory in light of the second wave of feminism by breaking down feminism into its various belief systems and foundations. A short section on feminist bioethics is also presented including its history and foundation. The next section of the paper focuses on abortion in light of feminist theory. The paper then concludes with a personal discussion on the author's agreement with the pro-choice feminist theory on abortion. While theory and foundations on feminism are presented for both pro-choice and pro-life feminist theory, this writer believes that the maintenance of a pro-choice feminist ideology is critical.
Outline:
Abstract
Feminist Theory and Feminism
Feminist Bioethics
Abortion in Light of Feminist Theory - US
Abortion in Light of Feminist Theory - International
This Writer as 'Pro-Choice' - Statement
This Writer as 'Pro-Choice' - Personal Ideology
From the Paper
"Stewart (2003) tells us that from the late 1960s into the 1970s, feminists started developing their own theory as to what feminism was, but by the 190s, there were conflicting opinions and viewpoints on the best way to challenge the patriarchy. Ermarth (2000) comments on the differing viewpoints of feminism that are all individual components of the "feminist umbrella" she refers to as 'identity politics.' To Ermarth (2000), how one identifies themselves determines their concept of feminism. Ermarth (2000) tells us that feminism can take on any meaning, although the most common refers to the social factors related to male supremacy and an opposition to any kind of domination. "
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Feminist Therapy, 2006.
Looks at feminist therapy in the context of a critique of the original psychological branches and the benefits feminist therapy has to its main clientele, women.
1,950 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that, with the second wave of feminism, women were tired of being told that they were psychologically deficient because they were women, which led to the founding of a new therapy practice called feminist therapy, a specific branch related to feminist practices. The author points out that, based on many original psychological theories and techniques, feminist therapy seeks to empower women to change negative coping strategies and symptoms into effective ways to counter patriarchy and other forms of societal oppression. The paper relates that, in the feminist therapeutic relationship, the key is to have an open dialogue and engagement between the client and therapist as well as seeking to reduce power imbalances to improve the quality of the therapeutic relationship.
From the Paper
"Symptoms are viewed as a way to cope with the pain associated with living in an oppressive society. Feminist counselors believe that symptoms result as the ways the clients know how to cope with life stressors caused by patriarchal systems and believe that "symptoms may emerge as a consequence of coping with conflicting nontraditional and traditional demands of multiple roles" or that "symptoms often reflect influence strategies that were taught or modeled by others in the environment.""
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Feminist Ethics, 2003.
An overview of feminist ethics and how the issue is viewed in contemporary feminist circles.
3,314 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 94.95
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Abstract
Women have suffered from the effects of discriminatory employment practices throughout the history of America. Women have traditionally earned less and enjoyed fewer management positions than their male counterparts. The reactions from the feminist community in response to this inequitable share of the American pie have caused a number of misperceptions to develop regarding both the intent and the purpose behind the feminist movement. This paper provides an overview of feminist ethics, followed by an assessment of how the issue is viewed by contemporary feminist authors and observers. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"Tong says that in order for women to develop a new sense of identity and purpose, they must adopt some new ways of thinking about how the male and female roles have evolved through the ages, and what effect these roles have had on our society today. Tong makes the point that when hard-pressed, even the most ardent feminist, like a Democrat or Republican, might have a difficult time defining precisely what the term means. For this author, feminism is not a monolithic ideology that is restricted to one aspect of these traditional relationships, rather it is one that must recognize everyone?s stake in the outcome."
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Feminist Art and the Avant-Garde, 2002.
A discussion of the emergence of radical feminist art and militant feminist artists of the 1970s.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 9 sources, $ 71.95
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Abstract
Discusses emergence of radical feminist art & militant feminist artists of the 1970s. Work of Nancy Ellison, Alice Baber, Judy Chicago. Significant exhibitions including (Women Choose Women. Erotic Art by Women. Sexual Politics). Response & confrontation of the new avant-garde art. Major themes of 1970s feminist art. Political and aesthetic aspects.
From the Paper
"Feminist Art and the Avant-Garde
It has been noted that the artist-driven nature of radical art exhibitions that reigned by the late 1960s, when museum and gallery curators were increasingly usurping the role of the impresario, museums themselves were replacing galleries as venues, and formerly subversive artists were becoming ?tamed? by a ?society of mass consumption" (Altshuler, p. 220). While this statement is undoubtedly true, it is also true that with the emergence of radical feminist art and militant feminist artists in the 1970s, a new spirit of the avant-garde was born. The story of the avant-garde has typically been one of ?mutual support among a community and reception of art by a public, all participants enmeshed in systems of personal and economic relations (Altshuler, p. 8)."
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Diversity in the Feminist Movement, 2002.
Discusses the different philosophies and schools of thought which make up the feminist movement.
650 words (approx. 2.6 pages), 1 source, $ 26.95
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Abstract
Feminist theory is a generalized, wide-ranging system of ideas about social life and human experience developed from a woman-centered perspective. By definition, feminist theory emerges from within an interdisciplinary community that includes scholars from a variety of disciplines. Feminist scholars work, first of all, to develop their own discipline (sociology) by taking into account the diverse work of Feminist theorists. Secondly, Feminist scholars seek to develop a critical understanding of society in order to effect change and make the world more just and humane.
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Modern Feminist Art, 2002.
A overview of three different approaches to modern feminist art under the categories of "The Body Politic", "The Body Social" and "Decoration vs. Abstraction".
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper will examine three general approaches in modern feminist art by three feminist artists. It will be argued that these feminists assume radically different perspectives with regard to their mediums and objectives. Under the general categories of "the Body Politic" (feminism and politics), "the Body Social" (representations of the human body as a site of conflicting social values) and "Decoration vs. Abstraction" (hierarchical double standards with regard to "male" abstraction and "female" decorative arts), it will be shown how these differences in part reflect the shifting phases of modern feminist art, but more importantly signify the diverse multiplicity of modern feminist art.
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Feminist Psychology, 2007.
This paper critically examines the feminist approach to counseling.
2,861 words (approx. 11.4 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the shortcomings and limitations of the feminist approach to counseling. The paper discusses how this approach initially overlooked women of color and how feminist therapy has responded with recent modifications of being more inclusive. The paper concludes that feminist psychology in favor of inclusion should act as a guide for the future attempt to bring non-feminist psychology and feminist psychology in line with the cultural diversity that exists in our increasingly global environment.
From the Paper
"Addressing the need for change, one of the pioneers of feminist psychology expressed the innate problem of the patriarchal system that was in place prior to the demands of women to enter the system and help elicit change. The concerns of this pioneer, Naomi Weisstein were that the attempt to redress and develop ideas about women's ability and value, as it applies to their human strengths and limitations, is built entirely on the foundation of masculine ideas about the strengths and weaknesses of women, as well as a sense of surety that is almost nauseating from a feminist perspective on many levels."
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Modern Feminist Art History, 2002.
This paper discusses key issues in the modern Feminist art movement.
3,400 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 6 sources, $ 124.95
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Abstract
The author of this essay evaluates several specific art pieces, and considers these in-relation to feminist theory and the feminist social movements of late 20th century society. The essay identifies feminist art as being UNdefined in style, medium, and representation, but wholly unified by political and social values that reflect a feminist investment in the image and role of women in art, and in society.
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