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Feminism in Art, 2007.
An analysis of the feminist perspective in Baroque and Rococo art.
3,257 words (approx. 13.0 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 93.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the feminist perspective in art and discusses if it is portrayed in the early 17th century Baroque and late 17th century Rococo art. It suggests that there is a lack of the feminist perspective during these time periods. The paper explains why this is the case by discussing the time period, as well as the emerging artists of the two time periods.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Baroque in the Context of Time
Emerging Artists
The Later Period of Rococo
Conclusion
From the Paper
"That the depictions of the Madonna from the earlier period of the 17th century show the Madonna receiving the blessing of Christ, or bathed in the light of the divine is in keeping with the tradition and doctrine of the Catholic Church. There is nothing suggestive as to the femininity of the depiction other than that of the Madonna being the Immaculate Conception. It does not in these works of art raise her above the masculine hierarchal order of the Church, but rather as the image of what the Church perceives as the role for women; the nurturers, the mothers who give birth to divine greatness, the temptress, the redeemable soul, and she who surrenders herself to the passion of the divine spirit. This is in keeping with the representations of women in the Bible stories, and it is the Bible stories that serve as the inspiration for many of the works of art of the 17th century as a whole."
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Feminism in Inter-Disciplinary Art, 2005.
This paper discusses the inter-disciplinary art of collage artist Barbara Kruger and the Guerrilla Girls, a group of feminist artists.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Barbara Kruger and the Guerrilla Girls have taken traditional methods of art application and placed them within the normative modes of advertising methods. The author points out that inter-disciplinary arts, which are more than just an art technique, has become a public forum for feminist issues. The paper relates that, by opening the doors to the way that art is perceived, both Kruger and the Guerrilla Girls have taken art out of the traditional confines of museums and art houses and into modern media formats.
From the Paper
"This art analysis presents an inter-disciplinary study of the art and advertising methods of Barbara Kruger and the Guerrilla Girls. By taking various examples of advertising billboards, magazine ads and other forms of art used within the modern media, an inter-disciplinary mode of art is created through the work of these artists. Through the study of the work of both Barbara Kruger and the Guerrilla Girls, one can realize the feminism and cultural impact of mixed mediums within modern inter-disciplinary art."
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Liberal Feminism vs. Lesbian Feminism, 2002.
This essay focuses on two prime theoretical aspects of feminism, namely liberal feminism and lesbian feminism.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
Both the theories acknowledge the fact that women have long been oppressed by predominant male attitudes and ideas, as well as an essentially patriarchal societal structure. The former theory is reformist in the sense that it seeks to work within the existing system, and wants to modify it in order to ensure women have equal opportunities as men, be they in education, career, or politics. The latter's focus is on giving women their unique sexual identity by challenging the imposition of heterosexuality and giving lesbianism its due recognition.
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Transnational Feminism, 2006.
A discussion of transnational feminism - feminism in the era of globalization.
1,436 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
The paper uses the quote: "Culture...consists in the way analogies are drawn between things, in the way certain thoughts are used to think others" as a focal point to make a connection between Shohat's argument that globalization just be seen as part of the much longer history of colonialism, and the sexualization of female bodies in popular culture. The paper analyzes gendered politics of power that position women differently than men, comparing to narratives of progress, development, the modern, social evolution and their opposing narratives (i.e. primitive, underdeveloped, backward uncivilized, caught in a timeless past). The paper concludes that in order for feminism to become transnational the elite women in the richer countries must be able to consider and conceive the plight of the rural women in a third world country and what their specific needs might be, even though those may be very different from their own.
Table of Contents:
Objective
Introduction
The Feminist Agenda: Transnational Feminism
Women's Organizations: Whose Agenda Calls the Tune?
Transnational Feminism: Different Cultures and Different Definitions
Colonialism and Globalization: Same or Different Agenda?
Globalization's Agenda
Women in the New Millennium
Summary & Conclusion
From the Paper
"In a work in writing that addresses the agenda of the transnational feminist against war the author Bachetta et al (2001) states that the first thing that must be done in reaching the goals set forth that first the thorough analysis of the "gendered and racialized effects of nationalism" must be addressed. Brenner writes that "Capitalist Globalization has had a profound yet contradictory impact on women's lives and on the possibilities for contesting male domination in both the core and periphery of the world capitalist system." And she states that "women's life conditions are in many respects growing worse.""
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Feminism in Native America, 2007.
An analysis of feminism in Native America and its impact on native communities.
1,172 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses feminism in Native America. It begins by describing various forms of feminism and discussing three waves of feminism. It then links feminism in Native America to the third wave, which includes ecofeminism, postcolonial feminism, generational, youth feminism and embodiment, nature, culture and dualism. The paper goes on to discuss the implications of this form of feminism on the native communities.
From the Paper
"Regardless of its origins in Native communities, sexism operates with full force today and requires strategies that directly address it. Smith believes that before Native peoples fight for the future of their nations, they must decide who is included in the nation. Gender justice is often articulated as being a separate issue from issues of survival for indigenous peoples, and such an understanding presupposes that "we could actually decolonize without addressing sexism, which ignores the fact that it has been precisely through gender violence that we have lost our lands in the first place," argues Smith."
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Globalization Impact on Feminism, 2008.
This paper discusses the implications of the current paradigm shift that feminism is undergoing in response to the processes of globalization.
1,223 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This essay examines the implications of globalization for feminism, including the "paradigm shift" that some scholars perceive feminism is undergoing in response to globalization. It also considers the kinds of issues to which feminist analysis is being challenged to pay attention. The writer notes that globalization has imposed new pressures on feminism, and feminism has responded by generating new types of feminism and new paradigms. The writer concludes with the hope that it is possible to construct a transnational feminism that is at the same time not hegemonic, one that respectfully incorporates and listens to the various discourses, yet somehow manages to build enough common ground to enable global feminists to work cohesively together.
From the Paper
"In like vein, Seyla Benhabib proposes building solidaristic communities in which we can acknowledge each other's diverse and multiple identities, while at the same time we can listen respectfully to each other, acknowledging the many strands that comprise our identities. In this way, there is hope of building up a respectful form of global feminist solidarity that can work to counter the most destructive forces of globalization. For example, there could be a site for a global community of feminists that oppose the depredations of the planet currently being unleashed by transnational corporations.
"Clearly, this new way of looking at feminism may be seen as a substantial paradigm shift."
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Feminism, 2005.
This paper discusses the political elements of the theory of feminism, which is also viewed as a social theory.
2,210 words (approx. 8.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that feminism is a much lesser studied theory than liberalism or realism in the field of international relations; nonetheless, it deserves attention because women have had an impact on the foundation of international relations. The author points out that feminism, along with other gender theories, are based on three assumptions: 1) Women should be fully incorporated into the field of international relations to ensure an equal voice for everyone, 2) there should be a distinct and noticeable re-focusing of international relations and 3) it assumes that post-positivist methodology should be used in order to deconstruct gender issues at the international level. This paper explains that radical feminism is opposed to integrating existing feminism into any frameworks because it is trying to create a distinctly feminine analysis, which isn't subservient to a male agenda the way other theories have been in the past: They criticize both liberal and critical theories of feminism.
From the Paper
"The next category of feminism that we are going to take a look at is Marxist or critical feminist theory. This theory largely suggests that the problem in the world is capitalism, which has resulted in making women work as a labor of love, for no economic reward, in a sense rendering them invisible. This theory searches for the answer to why women and men have appeared in international relations, instead of a focus on how, like so many other subcategories of feminism. To look at it from a different perspective, critical theory asks us questions like: "What ideas about the appropriate relationship between women and men, feminine and masculine, inform the practices of particular actors and institutions? And what material conditions and social forces contribute to the reproduction of those practices? Finally, are attempts to alter those understandings and practices facilitated or hindered by prevailing material conditions?""
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Morality, Justice, Feminism, 2005.
A look at how morality and justice relate to the concept and practice of feminism in the United States in 2005.
2,295 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with an explanation of the difference in the definitions of justice and morality and then explains why the concept of justice and morality both have a bearing on the concept and practice of feminism today. The paper concludes that the idea feminism promotes equality from a scientific perspective, because it seeks to create balance where there was none, as well as from a philosophical perspective, because it is predicated on cooperation, not competition.
Feminism, Morality, Justice
The Second Sex
The Philosophical and Practical Failures of "Third Wave" Feminism
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The role of morality in feminism, then, may be more universal than first thought. Morality can be traced to the branching of hominids into people and 'other' and the moral imperative for an animal as smart as a human not to foul its own nest nor do harm to its own kind. An animal that smart can take care to keep his 'nest' clean for altruistic purposes, or, if he is as smart as all that, surely he can see that it is simply impractical in the long run to foul his own nest or harm members of his own species. Among the activities that would certainly foul the smart, strong animal's nest would be cruelty to the other smart animal he needs to give him comfort, and, quite frankly, to ensure generational succession."
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Feminism, 2005.
A brief overview of the three waves of feminism in U.S. history.
735 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The first wave of feminism began in 1848. This paper looks at the subsequent two waves of feminism in American history, including the women most identified with the movement in each era. The paper focuses on the third wave and examines its similarity to postmodern feminism.
From the Paper
"Third wave feminism is often considered very similar to postmodern feminism but also very different. Postmodern feminists generally tend to believe that there are many different ways that women can be oppressed rather than one way, and that feminists need to think from a dualistic perspective when considering self identity (Frederick, 2004:18)."
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Second-Wave Feminism, 2004.
Analyzes the theme of second-wave feminism in Marlo Thomas's book, "Free to Be You and Me".
1,254 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how Marlo Thomas's children's book, "Free To Be...You and Me", published in 1974, is a prime example of second-wave feminist activism. It looks at how, unlike first-wave feminism, typified by the suffrage movement and personified by women like Susan B. Anthony, second-wave feminism had two primary agendas, which can be seen in Thomas's novel. It attempts to show how second-wave feminism, with such slogans as "the personal is the political," and the ideology of consciousness raising, are implicitly, as well as explicitly, exemplified in "Free to Be You and Me".
From the Paper
"Millett's highly influential text led women to see patriarchy as ever-present and ever-expansive. Women's oppression was not only played out in the traditional political structures that first wave feminists had identified (legal, economic, educational), but it was also played out in women's minds and bodies. Hence, rejecting gender conditioning and fighting for reproductive choice became key second wave issues. The short skits and catchy songs of Thomas's storybook were meant to stop gender conditioning at the core; the most influential period, childhood. Titles like "Housework," "Ladies First," and "Grandma," identify and attempt to dismantle many commonly held gender stereotypes of the 1970s, and contradict most other books and programming available for children at that time."
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Feminism in Politics, 2006.
A review of the role of feminism in politics and political science.
1,458 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the major feminist critiques of mainstream political science and the contributions feminism has made to the study of political participation. The paper further attempts to provide an understanding and appreciation of the sphere of influence of feminism on politics.
Outline:
Abstract
Feminist Critiques of Mainstream Political Science
Feminist Contributions to the Study of Political Participation
Feminism's Effect on the Study of Political Participation
Conclusion
From the Paper
"On a strategic level, the advancement of women into the halls of higher learning institutions contributed to political studies from both sides of the classroom in a sense. Female students, now empowered by a clearer sense of political identity and their role in the feminist movement, began to challenge the course content which usually portrayed men as superior in intelligence, nerve, and political ability, thereby making them politically superior to women. Female students also fought for the right to have access to the same educational institutions and resources as their male counterparts (Ali, 2000). Eventually, having earned degrees of higher learning as well as political power, feminists rose to the role of instructor in many educational settings, giving them a pulpit from which to share the practical realities and advantages of feminist thought and practice."
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Feminism and the Family in Iran, 2002.
A look at the state of feminism and the women's movement in contemporary Iran.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
It will be argued that the assumptions of Western feminist theory and practice - constructed within a Western social and cultural environment - are not directly applicable to the Iranian social and cultural milieu. However, it must be understood that this essay will not assume a "cultural relativist" position with respect to the discussion of the role of women and feminism in contemporary Iran. As will be seen, despite a history of feminist activism in Iran under the Shah, and the contribution of Iranian women to the Islamic Revolution, organized feminism in Iran today has been systematically crushed by the conservative Islamic authorities. It will be argued that contrary to official Iranian propaganda - supported by some Iranian feminists who have been pressured to denounce Western feminism(s), as well as by some Western "relativist" feminists - women have been politically, socially and economically marginalized in Iranian society. However, Iranian women have "improvised" in the face of this oppression; creating new roles for themselves that use the Iranian family unit as the basis for their enterprises. The Iranian family, as will be shown, is key to understanding the role of women in modern Iran.
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When Feminism Goes too Far, 2002.
A discussion of radical feminism in today's society.
1,852 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how radical feminism today is not only harmful in image, but has its principles backwards with its continued passion for gender uniformity in America today. It examines the differences between inequality and discrimination with examples through history of female oppression and feminism. It looks at how certain types of militants are twisting feminism into a reverse discrimination that harms the integrity of the feminist movement itself. Men and women don't need to be the same.
From the Paper
"Looking through these centuries of structural and attitudinal oppression, it's easy to understand the fire with which female suffragists ignited their cause. Slowly, women began speaking. They began thinking. One historical example of the loss of intellectual inhibition was Dolly Madison's letters to her husband, President James Madison. Not only did she use sarcasm to poke at him, she was also quite frank and candid with her thoughts. She even urged President Madison to "remember the ladies" when constructing the new constitution. The culmination of these strides was the Seneca Falls convention of 1848. Female activists including Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, and Lucretia Mott gathered together to discuss and make plans for the future of feminine equality."
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Judy Chicago, "The Dinner Party", and Feminism, 2001.
A look at one of the most influential feminists in the liberation movement, especially from an aesthetic standpoint, Judy Chicago.
2,546 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 7 sources, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the life and art of Judy Chicago and her struggle to help women break out in the art world, and a detailed look at her work, "The Dinner Party", and its sexual and feminist meanings.
Awakening of Feminism
The Role of Judy Chicago in Feminism
The Role of Judy Chicago's "Dinner Party" in Feminism
The Dinner Party
Conclusion
From the Paper
Judy Chicago and her Dinner Party bears some significant historical meaning for the world of feminism, the world of art history, and the world that ordinary people like you and me live. In contrast to the modernists/modernism and abstract expressionists/abstract expressionism that require artwork to be a production from solitary beings, Chicago used a total of 400 or so collective powers to constitute her piece of history. In contrast to the passive roles of feminine figures in the history of art, Chicago not only accepted the female figures but also blatantly integrated the female genitals into The Dinner Party.
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Liberalism versus Feminism, 2004.
The paper is a comparative analysis of the various philosophies of liberalism and feminism.
1,765 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that feminism and liberalism often have been intertwined epistemologically because, in a liberal view, the basic task of government is to protect the equal liberty of citizens and equal rights in the total system of basic liberties. The author points out that feminism, as a liberal philosophy of social rights, really only emerged in the United States in the 1970s, a decade behind the rise of the American women's movement in the 1960s. The paper stresses that, liberal Western philosophy is derived from the experience of predominantly white and heterosexual men; therefore, feminist philosophical forms, unlike past forms of liberalism, first have had to critique established views of the "self," rather than to accept the existence of the "self" as a given, and then define the best ways to protect these rights.
From the Paper
"A politician of a centrist bent may be called a liberal if he or she allows that gays and lesbians should be permitted to legally wed. A woman who runs her own business may be called a feminist. However, these individual's real political convictions may bear little resemblance to such great liberal thinkers as John Rawls and John Stuart Mill and to such self-identified feminists as Naomi Wolf and Luce Irigaray. Rawls and Mill, Wolf and Irigaray themselves span quite different areas of the political spectrum, not in terms of its continuum of liberal versus conservative, but the fact that Irigaray might deny that such a creation of a continuum of liberal v. conservative, feminist v. anti-feminist is itself a male creation, part of the polarizing, dual discourse of patriarchy."
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