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Farm Trade Liberalization, 1990.
Discusses the challenge posed by liberalization of trade in agriculture. Seeks to identify the root causes of the difficulties posed by trade liberalization in agriculture.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 6 sources, $ 79.95
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From the Paper
Farm Trade Liberalization:A Struggle Against Mythology
"Every recent effort to achieve liberalization in international trade has demonstrated that it is exceptionally difficult to liberalize trade in agriculture. Whether it is French cheese or Japanese rice, agricultural tend to appear as the stickiest issues in trade talks. More than other industries that provide many more jobs and a much larger share of GDP, agriculture seems able to command the sort of domestic support in many countries that makes political leaders shy away from liberalization.
This paper will discuss the challenge posed by liberalization of trade in agriculture, and seek to identify the root causes of the exceptional..."
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Liberalism, Neo-Liberalism, and International Politics, 2005.
An overview of the relationship between liberal and neo-liberal theories and international politics.
861 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
According to sociologists, since the 1970s, market-based economic policies have been institutionalized as a nearly global policy paradigm embodying first, liberalism, and later, neo-liberalism. The purpose of this report is to discuss the theories of liberalism and neo-liberalism in studying international politics and to identify the limitations of these approaches.
From the Paper
"In neoliberalism, which developed in the final decades of the twentieth century, a set of economic principles became part of the accepted framework for thinking about and acting upon both the economy and the relations of states to one another. Neoliberalism assumed that a positive outcome both economically and politically would be generated through a wave of reforms ? privatizations, dismantling of social welfare programs, the retreat of the state from economic regulation, tax cuts, and the opening of national boundaries."
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Liberalism and Neo-liberalism, 2005.
This paper discusses theories of liberalism and neo-liberalism in international politics.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, $ 39.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer examines theories of liberalism and neo-liberalism in international politics. The writer discusses neo-liberalism as based in liberal democracy. The writer identifies limits of both theories. Further, the writer discusses major problems and limitations with each theory.
From the Paper
"According to sociologists, market-based economic policies have been institutionalized as a nearly global policy paradigm embodying first liberalism and later neo-liberalism. The purpose of this report is to discuss the theories of liberalism and neo-liberalism in studying international politics and to identify the limitations of these approaches. All such theories in the context of international relations are designed to solve the problems and puzzles of state behavior by offering a causal account of a particular outcome or pattern of behavior in ... "
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?Liberated Parents, Liberated Children?, 2004.
A review of the book, "Liberated Parents, Liberated Children: Your Guide to a Happier Family", by Adele Faber and Elaine Mazlish.
1,108 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 0 sources, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the book, "Liberated Parents, Liberated Children: Your Guide to a Happier Family", by Adele Faber and Elaine Mazlish, which discusses their experiences attending a series of parent workshops given by child psychologist, Dr. Ginott. It looks at how its approach to parenting appears to be very simplistic in nature: do not control your children, but rather respect them for their individuality and uniqueness. It discusses how punishment is not an effective tool for establishing a trusting relationship, nor is a power trip, or being too protective or defensive. It shows how an adversarial relationship with a child will normally escalate or deteriorate as he/she gets older and becomes more defensive and less intimidated.
From the Paper
"Similarly, a child?s autonomy need not threaten a parent. Dr. Ginott saids, ?We help most by not helping.? How many parents are afraid of what will happen if their children fail? If their school project is not perfect or if their hair is sticking up or they wear clothes that are wrinkled? The problem is that the parents? self-esteem is so wrapped up in their children?s success or failure that it is taken as a personal affront. If the son a daughter does not make the team or get invited to a party, it is as if the parent did not make the grade. The child who is better prepared for the future is the one who has to remember to return his/her books to the library, finish a homework assignment or even makes the same mistake over again."
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?Liberated Parents, Liberated Children?, 2004.
A review of the parenting book, "Liberated Parents, Liberated Children: Your Guide to a Happier Family", by Adele Faber and Elaine Mazlish.
1,460 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how authors Adele Faber and Elaine Mazlish wrote their counter-cultural book, "Liberated Parents, Liberated Children: Your Guide to a Happier Family", regarding tips and tactics for parents to use as they raised children before the term ?counter-cultural? had become politically correct. It looks at how, in 1974, when the majority of children were being raised under the questionable, permissive advice of Dr. Spock, these authors focused on another aspect of child rearing. It looks at how they were significantly influenced by child psychologist Haim Ginott ,who believed that it was the emotional well-being of the child that would guide his actions.
From the Paper
"This differentiation between giving of ourselves to our children, and giving ourselves over to our children is the delicate line which Mazlish and Faber walk throughout their book as they discuss skills for parents to learn to build emotionally balanced and self-secure children. The approach which encourages parents to remain in their authority role in the child?s life, as well as equips the parent to connect with the child?s feeling is the element of this book which sets it apart from other works. Dr. Spock taught parents to reason with their children rather than correct them. By doing so, the well intentioned doctor instructed parents to abdicate an important role in their children?s development, which is the role of authority to which the child is accountable."
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Liberalization of Financial Markets in India, 2002.
An overview of the history of at liberalization in India's investment sector and a discussion on whether liberalization should be taken further.
3,650 words (approx. 14.6 pages), 9 sources, $ 133.95
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Abstract
This paper will take a detailed look at liberalization in India's investment sector. It will uncover what types of liberalizations have already taken place, and take a look at those that are presently being considered. The fundamental argument that will be woven through the paper is that the Indian government should be reticent about proceeding with further reforms until those that have already been implemented start to take effect. Moreover, without the requisite degree of political cohesion there is scarcely any point trying to take a diluted middle ground approach. India needs to reflect on what it has accomplished before it can divine the future. This is an objective approach, and one that all sides should be able to agree on.
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Liberalization: The Validity of Established Methods, 2004.
An analysis of the necessary and neglected conditions for successful liberalization.
736 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the success of the liberalization thesis depends upon the enforcement of stability and control and how strengthening both institutions and regulation is important to the development of a robust securities market. It looks at the current liberalization and globalization methodology set down in the liberalization thesis and the Washington Consensus. It also investigates the neglected pre-conditions for successful liberalization.
From the Paper
"The development of strong securities markets is of great assistance to successful financial liberalization. A strong stock market provides capital which requires no repayment thus lowering a firms? cost of capital. Such equity financing alleviates the illiquidity and repression prevalent in many liberalizing countries- for example; Switzerland had a 1997 market capitalization and repression index of 226.0 and 84.2 respectively, compared to Armenia?s scores of 1.0 and 48.1 . Of further importance is the implementation of accountability and value creation- when coupled with the removal of government directed lending, firms become accountable to stock holders for capital; enforcing value creation and the productive use of capital."
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Trade Liberalization, 2007.
This paper explores different viewpoints on the subject of free trade and trade liberalization.
1,012 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
The paper reviews five articles on the subject of trade liberalization and argues that trade liberalization has been revealed to be largely a global good. The paper uses Asia as an example to illustrate how free trade contributed to its phenomenal growth and current wealth. The paper points out that while there have been social problems associated with free trade, these can be addressed by policy initiatives. The paper concludes that trade liberalization has created wealth and economic growth and thus should be promoted as much as possible.
From the Paper
"In the Business Week special issue "Global Capitalism: Can it Be Made to Work" the record of globalization is examined with a level of criticism that is remarkable for a "business" publication. The opening article by Engardio and Belton sets the tone for the issue in contending that: "The plain truth is that market liberalisation by itself does not life all boats" (Engardio and Belton 73). The authors argue that globalization has led to extraordinary economic disparities which carry the long-term danger - if the world's poor do not see the benefits from free trade - of the unravelling of globalized capitalism (Engardio and Belton 75). The authors cite studies that indicate that there is "no automatic link between openness and growth in developing countries" (Engardio and Belton 75)."
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Trade Liberalization, 2005.
Addresses the question of whether trade liberalization policies help or hinder less developed countries.
2,897 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper examines President Bush's trade liberalization policies in an effort to determine if these policies help or hurt less developed countries. The paper studies selected nations, notable either for their participation or lack of participation in Bush's trade treaties, to help shed light on this topic and then concludes, from the evidence presented, that U.S. trade policy probably is harming the less developed countries as well as the USA.
From the Paper
"In June, the United States and Morocco signed a bilateral trade agreement, with the Bush administration bragging that it exemplified "the way its economic policies can build new ties and friendships around the world. This is especially important in the Middle East, where, in other respects, America's foreign policy seems to have left something to be desired (Stiglitz, 2004). Stiglitz further characterized cooperation with moderate Arab nations as a way to offer a carrot, rather than a stick, to those who behave reasonably" (Stiglitz, 2004). However, the carrot is sometimes rotten, and our "offers" are more often predicated upon U.S. special interests than by a humanitarian concern about bringing less developed countries (LDCs) into the league of prosperous nations."
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Economic Liberalization and Globalization, 2002.
A discussion of the factors needed for the economic environment to be conducive to economic liberalization and globalization.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
"The environment includes factors outside the firm which can lead to opportunities for or threats to the firm. Although there are many factors, the most important of the sectors are socio-economic, technological, supplier, competitors, and government." The paper goes through each factor and explains how each one affects business operations with an emphasis on business in a global economy. A special emphasis is placed on the role of governments in the globalization process.The paper also includes two other factors--physical or natural environment and the global environment.
From the Paper
"Economic environment refers to all forces, which have an economic impact on business. Industrial production, agriculture, planning, basic economic philosophy, infrastructure, national income, per capita income, money supply, price level, population, savings, stages in the economic development and trade cycles are major factors which make up the total economic environment. There is a close relationship between management and its economic environment. A business obtains all its needed inputs from the economic environment and it in turn depends on the economic environment to absorb its output."
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Free Trade and Liberalization, 2007.
An analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of free trade.
802 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the argument about free trade that has been taking place over the last several hundred years. The paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of free trade and suggests that free trade is not only necessary, but also beneficial to the overall improvement to quality of life in all markets. The paper concludes that emerging and developing markets should gradually liberalize their markets, but only after they are allowed to develop the physical and technological infrastructure that will allow them to compete on an equal footing with the most developed markets.
Table of Contents:
Overview
Free Trade
Issues and Arguments
Position Statement
From the Paper
"Because of the cautionary tales of sudden capital outflows in developing and emerging markets, these countries should build some sort of protections into their financial markets to prevent sudden cash outflows. While many analysts would argue these types of structures are protectionist in nature, these markets would be well-advised to erect them. It would be foolish to do otherwise. While no one is arguing for trade barriers per se, the financial markets within which trade occurs in these emerging markets must be protected from foreign investors who are not interested in long-term returns and thus are inclined to drop out of the market at the first sign of a slowdown or financial trouble. Emerging and developing markets should gradually liberalize their markets but only after they are allowed to develop the physical and technological infrastructure that will allow them to compete on an equal footing with the most developed markets."
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China and Trade Liberalization, 2002.
A look at how trade reforms have impacted China's entry into the world market.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the impact of china's integration into the world economy. It looks at sectoral impacts on the world economy and on the Chinese economy.
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The Free Trade and the Americas, 2005.
This paper discusses the existing trend toward free trade, especially the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) and the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA).
1,930 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the trend toward regional economic integration has produced organizations, such as the EU, African Union, and Association of Southeast Asian Nations, serving the interests of many smaller nations by allowing them to attain more power in their foreign policy by acting collectively within; however, the key factor among all of the organizations, with the exception of NAFTA ,is that the member nations have comparatively similar economies in terms of GDP per capita, manufacturing sectors, and agriculture. The author points out that, surprisingly, the U.S. has done little to expand its trade relations with the other Western Hemisphere countries; however, the negotiations for the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) and the subsequent establishment of a common market in the Western Hemisphere, which be the largest trade group in the world, is one of the most prudent mechanisms for the U.S. to strengthen relations with key allies and propagate its global economic preeminence. The paper relates that the most significant objection, especially by Brazil, involves the agricultural subsidies given to US farmers, which will skew market costs and competition between U.S. and Brazilian farm products.
Table of Contents
Introduction
The Free Trade Area of the Americas
Strategy for the Resolution of Disagreements over the FTAA
Geo-Strategic Implications of the FTAA
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In order to revive FTAA talks and lead to a finalization of the agreement, three major areas require important changes: the administrations of the involved nations, the resolution of differences halting negotiations and a concerted effort to curb domestic political resistance to the FTAA. First, recent history has shown that the current administrations in many of the countries involved in the FTAA are unwilling to compromise on conflicting goals. While the Bush administration has made expanding free trade a high priority, its tenuous relations with the Chavez regime will continue to lead to subsequent Venezuelan actions to undermine US efforts. The forthcoming US presidential elections in 2008 or a resolution of the electoral controversy surrounding Chavez could bring a change in circumstances in this arena."
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The Two Liberalisms, 2002.
This paper discusses the two liberalisms.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
Liberalism is a political philosophy that stresses individual liberty, freedom and the equality of opportunity. It has always tended to place its faith in human progress. There ultimately became two liberalisms: the first liberalism of the 18th and 19th century, and the second liberalism of the 19th and 2Oth century. The first liberalism was the classical liberalism developed in Europe in the 18th century, characterized by a rational critique of traditional institutions and a distrust of state power over individuals, and of interference in the economy. The second liberalism was modern liberalism, which accepted state interference in the economy and society for the sake of nurturing individual freedom and equality.
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Liberalism: Past and Present, 2004.
Examines a 1764 pamphlet on the ideas of liberalism and shows how these ideas differ from the concept of liberalism today.
2,800 words (approx. 11.2 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 83.95
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Abstract
Liberalism has always encompassed the basic premise that individuals are fundamentally free. The political concept of liberalism has gone through some changes over the centuries, but the philosophical concept of liberalism has remained mostly unaltered. The paper shows that the ways in which liberal ideas were put into practice during the infancy of American civilization are illustrated through a widely acclaimed pamphlet written by Governor Stephen Hopkins and published by William Goddard, entitled ?The Rights of Colonies Examined.? This pamphlet was put into publication on December 22, 1764, and consecutive editions ran in 1765 and 1766. The paper explains that the pamphlet was written in response to the imposed Revenue Act of 1764, as well as a proposed Stamp Act, which would have only caused undue economic burdens on the American colonies. The paper shows, therefore, that the liberalism expressed at this point of history is different from contemporary liberalism, both politically and practically.
From the Paper
"The pamphlet argued that the equal privileges and rights held by those in America are held as ?inherent indefeasible rights?, and as free-born subjects, are naturally entitled to rights outlined in the British Constitution. However, the author suggested that the liberty situation among the American colonies seems to be changing for the worst. It was explained how the British ministry, for some unknown reason, had passed an act that limited and hindered trade of the American colonies, and also resolved that taxes, including a duty on stamps, was necessary. This was seen as undermining the principles of liberty the colonies, as well as the British constitution, were built upon."
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