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Fair Trade in the Coffee Industry, 2008.
An analysis of the impact of fair trade in the coffee industry, including three case study analyses.
3,337 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the overall importance of the coffee industry to the global economy and describes how fair trade in the industry not only benefits the major players, but the international economy as a whole. It explores the history of coffee prices and how the fair trade movement which guaranteed a negotiated pre-harvest price changed the living standards for disadvantaged coffee growers and workers. The paper concludes that there is a huge disconnect between prices for coffee in the consumption market and the price paid to the coffee industry workers which results in poverty and poor economic conditions for coffee growers. Three case study analyses are included.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Structure and History of the Coffee Industry
The Fair Trade Movement: Implications for Coffee Workers and the Global Economy
Case Study #1: Starbucks Impact on a Nations Economy: The Duality of Competition
Case Study #2: Cafedirect and KNCU - Partnership in Fair Trade
Case Study #3: Does Fair Trade Affect Quality? - Examining Coffee in Mexico
How has Fair Trade Helped Coffee Industry Workers: Tenets and Principles of Fair Trade
Fair Trade Certification Organizations: Fair Trade Labeling Organizations and International Fair Trade Standards
Conclusion: Fair Trade is Ethical Trade
From the Paper
"Globalization is a process of enhancing collective measures to integrate economies, not only via goods and services but via governance, investment, trade, and aid (DeAngelis 2004). As globalization has progressed, it is clear that the most advanced countries have gained the most from the integration of economies; as such there is a widening gap between developed/advanced countries and developing/underdeveloped countries. Does globalization favor high-income countries to low-income countries? The coffee industry highlights a common problem with many agricultural products that are marketed within developed regions - impoverished societies characterized poor development trends with a final product that is booming in the industry. Fair trade is the only mechanism that can correct this trend. It should be clear that fair trade is not the savior of the developing region; there are many structural problems that not even free trade can bypass. However, free trade has very visible benefits that have led to changes in sectors of the society (Simmons 2003). The coffee industry has faced many historical processes that have changed the living standards of many producers in the developing region; the free trade movement has helped to create some level of equity as it aids marginalized farmers in the coffee industry."
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Fair Trade Chocolate, 2006.
A discussion of the definition of the term "fair trade chocolate".
1,761 words (approx. 7.0 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how fair trade chocolate is supposed to give growers and workers of the cocoa bean a better wage than that paid by the international cartels of chocolate buyers. It also explains how fair trade chocolate could help alleviate the the problem of the millions of hungry and starving poor that exist in the world in spite of the abundance of food. Additionally, the paper presents a history of fair trade chocolate and how it contributes to the concept of sustainability.
From the Paper
"It is likely that more people are familiar with the term Fair Trade Coffee, simply because major coffee house chains have begun promoting their organic fair-trade brews. When most people think of chocolate, it is more likely to be a foil-wrapped mass-market candy bar, perhaps a Kit Kat, that is wolfed down to quiet hunger pangs without a thought to the plight of the people who produced the chocolate. As there are no trendy, global chain 'chocolate houses,' there is no monolithic commercial avenue through which to either purvey fair trade chocolate, or make its advantages known."
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Free Trade/ Fair Trade, 2007.
An argumentative essay on the benefits of fair trade over free trade.
2,280 words (approx. 9.1 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
The paper describes how those that promote free trade claim that overall production and profit is the highest good, and define efficiency and success as the ability to produce great quantities and great profit with a business. Those in support of fair trade, however, point out that productivity itself is not a good, but is only useful inasmuch as it improves the lives of the mass of people. The paper examines whether
countries should be allowed to protect their industries with tariffs or control them with regulations, despite the concerns or desires of other countries.
From the Paper
"Of these two arguments, Morris' is by far the most convincing, in part because he is far more holistic in his analysis of the situation. Irwin focuses primarily on the over-all financial gains for nations, but does not specify who those gains go to. Though he seems to believe that an overall per capita increase in national product will raise national standards of living, he seldom produces evidence to this effect and does not take into consideration that what may be true for one nation, such as Japan, would not be true for another nation which was emerging from a long history of serious economic depression (such as former colonies). Moreover, he seems to confuse personal well being with the well being of the international money market."
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Fair Trade, 2000.
An analysis of alternative trade organizations as tools for development.
3,706 words (approx. 14.8 pages), 6 sources, $ 102.95
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Abstract
With the fervor over the ethics of sweat shop production increasing, it is becoming important to look at viable solutions which provide meaningful change. The best example of alternative trade is the fair trade movement, which has been gaining momentum all over the world. This paper looks at this movement as it seeks to provide producers and consumers with choices.
From the Paper
"In recent years the media has been focusing more and more attention on the harm being done to people living in poor countries by multinational corporations. Whether it?s a sportswear sweatshop in Southeast Asia or a logging company in the Amazon, consumers in the First World are becoming aware of the consequences their choices have. Unfortunately, very few news items talk about the positive alternatives to big business, paying more attention to the scandal which occurs when it is discovered that some celebrity?s fashion line is manufactured using children in Burma. One important alternative which has become slightly more visible in recent years is the fair trade movement, which empowers producers and addresses issues of consumer responsibility."
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Free vs Fair Trade, 2005.
An assessment of the claim that the best prospects for economic development in the 'global south' lie in the liberalisation of world trade.
5,263 words (approx. 21.1 pages), 25 sources, MLA, $ 130.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses trade liberalisation and its alternatives in relation to global development, particularly in the third world. It deals with both the theoretical nature of the free market, as well as its failings in the real world.
Outline
Development and Dependency
Modern Anti-Liberalism
Alternatives to Trade Liberalisation
Conclusions
From the Paper
"To fully understand the concept of trade liberalisation, it is first necessary to understand its alternatives - protectionism and interventionism. Protectionism is defined as 'the actions of a government to help its country's trade or industry by taxing goods bought from other countries' (Cambridge Dictionary, 2004). The theories behind this concept are ancient and allow for domestic industries to thrive where foreign products act as a threat. It also allows for taxes to be raised and the importation of undesirable goods to be restricted. Interventionism, as well as including the use of protection tariffs, is the more complex system of intervening in industry - for example, setting quotas, and import and export restrictions."
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Is Fair Trade Really Fair?, 2002.
An examination of the effects of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) and the proposed (Free Trade Area of the Americas) FTAA on Mexico.
4,644 words (approx. 18.6 pages), 18 sources, MLA, $ 120.95
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Abstract
This paper demonstrates that in order to improve free trade agreements and ensure that they include adequate protection for worker?s rights, food security and environmental regulation, the FTAA must be based on a new model, rather than on the failed model of NAFTA. It shows that unless this is done, the only people to benefit from these agreements will be the rich and powerful; and that the workers and traders of the poorer countries will continue to be exploited.
From the Paper
"Free trade policies such as North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) are widening the gap between the rich and poor in a number of ways. This is particularly true in Mexico; a country that has always been concerned with the protection issues associated with major trading countries in the world, tight controls, high tariffs and other restrictive policies. These restrictions have been revoked however in response to the demands to promote export-oriented production, eliminate obstacles to imports, and loosen corporate controls over national domains and enterprises. The result has been a blatantly inequitable distribution of wealth and power both within Mexico and between Mexico and other countries. The track record of NAFTA has raised concerns that this inequity will only be augmented by any such agreement."
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Free Trade vs. Managed Trade, 2002.
A comparison of free trade to managed trade in today's global economy.
1,275 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper compares the values of free trade to managed trade. It begins by defining trade and identifying the ideal trade. The paper argues that free trade is the best policy to increase prosperity and equality in a capitalist society. It describes managed trade as the current situation, as tariffs and trade policy try to create fair grounds for commerce between two nations, as seen through the example of Japan and the United States. The writer states that protectionist policies, as used in managed trade, have been the anthem of the past and have led to war and conflict.
From the Paper
"Trade is the exchange of goods and services between two countries. In order for trade to be successful, both sides must perceive that they benefit from the exchange, or the trade will not take place. In a perfect world, both parties go away from the trade happy that they have ridded themselves of something of which they have surplus, and gained something of value to them. However, in the real world, this does not happen all of the time and one party or the other walks away feeling ?cheated.?
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US Trade, 1988.
Discusses calls for protectionism, tariffs, world trade balance, president-congress struggles, currency valuation, government interference in free market and barriers to fair trade.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 6 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
"Business partners are not a new phenomenon. However, take into consideration the names of these partaners when it comes to world trade: The United States, West Germany, France, Canada, Japan, and Great Britain. Taken together these world trade partners are responsible for the flow of imports and exports into and out of their countries. This research will focus on some of the ways in which these partners deal with each other, in terms of recent problems, deals, negotiations, and goals. As well, there is a threatening economic gloom over most of the world trade market. The United States is hampered by a huge trade deficit, or excess of imports. Canada, Japan, and West Germany are severely plagued by a lack of employment, even though for Japan there exists a huge trade surplus. This research will also discuss some of the problems causing difficulty for unilateral (...)"
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Consumer Law and Regulatory Bodies, 2002.
A look at the Office of Fair Trading.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 8 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This analyzes consumer law and the role of a regulatory body like the Office of Fair Trading.
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Free Trade, 2005.
This paper provides a discussion of whether free trade is beneficial, in response to Patricia Hewitt's article; "Free Trade for a Fair, Prosperous World."
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 3 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that Patricia Hewitt in her article "Free Trade for a Fair, Prosperous World" argues that free trade in a global context is the key to promoting prosperity for all the people and countries of the world. The paper contends that it is not particularly surprising that she would make this argument, as she is the British Secretary of State for Trade and Industry and Britain is a strong supporter of globalization.
From the Paper
"Patricia Hewitt in her article "Free Trade for a Fair, Prosperous World" argues that free trade in a global context is the key to promoting prosperity for all the people and countries of the world. It is not particularly surprising that she would make this argument, as she is the British Secretary of State for Trade and Industry and Britain is a strong supporter of globalization. Hewitt adopts the neo liberalist line of argument that a free market holds the key to all the ills of the world."
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The WTO and Trade Dispute, 2007.
A case study of a World Trade Organization trade dispute and its resolution.
3,573 words (approx. 14.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 99.95
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Abstract
The World Trade Organization is an organization that works to help its members attain and maintain fair trade practices on a global level. This paper looks at how in 1995 two of the world's most economically powerful nations came to blows over an anti-dumping issue. Japan believed the United States was at fault while the U.S. argued that Japan was wrong. It focuses on how the WTO tried to mediate the situation and how, although the U.S. and Japan made up, the WTO was left with bruises that are still healing.
Outline:
World Trade Organization (WTO)
Dispute Process
One Case
Conclusion
From the Paper
"While the organization has been set and governed for the purpose of allowing fair trade practices among its members, as well as providing a worldwide voice for issues that the WTO members feel they need to speak up about, there are times in which the members will disagree with each other about fair trade. It is during these times that the WTO steps in and mediates those disagreements. This helps countries establish agreements and settle problems without resorting to war or serious embargos that can threaten to bring on a war between two or more nations."
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International Trade, 2005.
This paper argues the pros and cons of international trade and concludes in favor of this trade.
3,185 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that increased trade between countries does create wealth; however, the rules of the trade game are such that the wealth being generated by increased level of international trade does not reach all sections of the world in a fair manner. The author argues that there is an urgent need for creating a level-playing field for all in international trade so that the benefits reach everyone; organizations such as the WTO and the IMF, which make and oversee trade rules and international monetary policies, must be purged of the pervasive influence of large multi-national corporations and big business. The paper relates that unprecedented development in the communication and information technologies in the last few decades and the eclipse of communism have given a great boost to international trade; international trade leads to prosperity and development but such trade also gives rise to a number of problems such as increasing inequality and rural poverty.
Table of Contents
The Pros and Cons of International Trade
Reasons Why Increased International Trade is Beneficial
Growing International Trade
Pros: Benefits of Increased International Trade
Growth in Countries that Adopted Free-Trade Policies
Example of the United States
Cons: The Disadvantages
Policies Based on Corporate Interests
Removing the Guiding Hand
How International Free Trade Policies Favor Big Corporations
Corporations Exempt from Free Market Discipline
Inequality
Rural Poverty
Trade and Environment
Analysis of the Arguments
What Should Be Done?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The colonialist powers, particularly Britain, had realized the benefits of international trade after its industrial revolution although it is highly debatable whether such trade was beneficial for the colonies as well. In the last two decades, international monetary institutions such as IMF and trade organizations, particularly the Word Trade Organization (WTO) have been at the forefront for promoting free international trade. Unrestricted international trade has been touted as the panacea for all economic ills and an agent of development. The results of international trade have, however, been mixed. While supporters of free trade point to several success stories such as China, others point to the growing inequality, economic shocks such as the Asian Economic Crisis of 1997, and the increasing poverty in Sub-Saharan Africa as "fruits" of increased international trade (also known as globalization)."
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The Federal Trade Commission, 2004.
This paper uses the anti-trust case against the Wisconsin Chiropractic Association (WCA) to exemplify the work of the Federal Trade Commission (FCC).
1,030 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the FTC acts as a watchdog to protect Americans from abuses otherwise possible in our free enterprise system; by preventing monopolies and price-fixing, the FTC encourages free trade and a fair marketplace. The author describes the case against the Wisconsin Chiropractic Association, which represent 90% of the chiropractors in Wisconsin, of conspiring to force health care providers to pay higher rates for chiropractic services than they had previously paid. The paper relates that the settlement forbids the WCA from participate any further in any kind of price fixing, as well as telling others to engage in price fixing.
From the Paper
"Specific limits were placed on what the WCA could and could not do, including careful control of any surveys taken, since a survey had been used to help the conspiracy meet its goals. Specific protections were put in place to make it easier for the FTC to make sure the WCA complied with the terms of the agreement. It should be noted that the fact that the parties agreed to the FTC ruling did not mean that any individual acknowledged any actual guilt."
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The Fairness Doctrine, 2005.
This paper discusses the history of the Fairness Doctrine in mass communications and argues that it should be reinstated.
2,505 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Fairness Doctrine was a law that balanced mass media information, allowing time and credibility to all sides of a given argument so that the listener would receive credible and reliable information. The author relates that, along with the new pioneers of broadcast journalism, advertising, and editorial commentary, the Fairness Doctrine came about in the mid-20th century as an extension of First Amendment rights, which remained in place for most of the latter half of the 20th century, but was revoked by the FCC in the early 1980s after long years of misunderstandings, political conflicts, and conflicting precedents in various court cases. The paper stresses that, although networks even advertise that their news is ?fair and balanced?, it is not; the Fairness Doctrine must be reinstated as an ethical broadcasting rule designed to provide controversial issues with a balanced presentation, not censorship.
From the Paper
"The Fairness Doctrine is involved explicitly with radio and television
broadcasters, and states that there are responsibilities which these broadcasters must uphold to the public so that the information that the viewing and listening public receives is fair and balanced and opposing viewpoints get a chance to be presented. In essence, it is a measure of responsibility and accountability for the free press that is able to give counterarguments and provide a space for counterarguments regarding issues that are controversial and require a public forum so that the viewing and listening public can get a full cognizance of the issues being presented on both sides. Objectivity has always been a key tenet of journalism, but the achievement of objectivity is less clear and the Fairness Doctrine has responded to a need for clarity in this presentation by highlighting balanced reportage of issues that concern the public or may be political, controversial, or the subject of dis- or misinformation."
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"My Fair Lady" vs. the Mythological Pygmalion, 2003.
A comparison of the screenplay. "My Fair Lady" .and Ovid's myth of "Pygmalion and the Statue".
1,262 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how both "My Fair Lady' and ?Pygmalion and the Statue? employ ?heroes? who create masterpieces of their respective trades that bring about good, but unexpected results. Though this theme applies to both stories, there are several inconsistencies and differences between them and their respective characters. This paper first examines how the myth and the play follow the ?Creator? theme and then explores the similarities and differences of their plots and characters.
From the Paper
"The theme of ?Pygmalion and the Statue? perfectly coincides with the ?Creator? theme. Being a marvelous sculptor who creates a beautiful statue of a girl, named Galatea, Pygmalion represents the hero. At first his creation pleases him tremendously; this pleasure rapidly deteriorates into frustrated desire after he falls in love with it. To fulfill the unexpected portion of the theme, Venus transforms the ivory statue into his living bride after he begged for a wife of that caliber."
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