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Experts: Advantages and Disadvantages, 2007.
This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of becoming an expert.
1,107 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper defines experts as individuals who have developed expertise in problem solving, reasoning and creativity and are able to think in an effective manner about issues in their areas of expertise. The paper then discusses six key principles that experts use that novices do not and looks at several advantages to becoming an expert, while pointing s out that it can be a disadvantage in certain situations. The paper concludes that while becoming an expert is highly worthwhile, those who do so should be aware of possible limitations and learn ways to avoid such pitfalls.
From the Paper
"There are six key principles that experts use that novices do not. First, experts are able to notice features and patters of information. Secondly, experts use their vast amount of acquired knowledge, which is organized in a way that shows a deep understanding of a subject. Third, expert knowledge cannot be reduced to isolated facts, but reflects knowledge in context. Fourth, experts can retrieve knowledge with little attention. Fifth, while experts may know their subject, they may not be able to teach others. Finally, experts vary in their ability to approach new situations (Bransford, 2000)."
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Advantages And Disadvantages Of China Entering WTO, 2002.
Discusses the possible advantages and disadvantages to the people of China if China were to join the WTO.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 3 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
Summary: This paper will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the Chinese entering the World Trade Organization. By understanding the different elements of this type of major deal in trade, we can see how this might affect the lives of the Chinese on a world basis. The effects of internationalization of this country has been an issue in recent times, and this deal would have significant affects on China.
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The Disadvantages of Two-Party Politics, 2007.
Concept essay on the disadvantages of America's current bi-partisan system.
1,231 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This papers cites many examples of reasons why third-party candidates should be looked at more closely and questions why they aren't taken more seriously. The media and voter apathy are just a few answers cited. Furthermore, this paper goes into depth on the negative impacts the United States' two-party system causes, such as opening the doors to corruption. Finally, this essay goes back in time and cites instances in history where third-party candidates had a fighting chance, compared with the present situation.
From the Paper
"History has shown that third parties still have a chance in America's dominantly two-party system. More people than ever are registering away from the widely popular Democrat or Republican Party, but challenges still exist for the candidate wanting to run (Avlon). Media attention and updated laws could make it easier for the average American citizen to start a party and run for office. Further, if more attention was given to this subject, the growing corruption in government via campaign contributions and political attacks as well as limit extremist politics would be alleviated."
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Organic Farming: Advantages and Disadvantages, 2008.
An analysis of whether organic farming is a viable and ecologically beneficial method of food production.
1,410 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the debate over organic farming and discusses the advantages and disadvantages that are associated with it. The paper specifically focuses on whether organic farming is a viable and ecologically beneficial method of food production and looks at whether the method should be improved and expanded on over the coming years.
From the Paper
"In conclusion, organic farming has been proven to be a viable and ecologically beneficial method of food production and should be improved and expanded over the coming years. Improving and expanding organic farming is becoming increasingly necessary because food contamination, pollution, biodiversity declines, and deteriorating working conditions for farmers demonstrate that the world must develop a much more sustainable approach to agriculture.
"Critics claim that organic farming is not viable, primarily because it reduces crop yields and is inefficient in a variety of ways. But fallacious logic can be seen in many of their arguments, for study after study has shown that organic farming actually increases crop yields. This evidence refutes the primary argument of critics, many of whom are not objective anyway because they are affiliated with agribusiness conglomerates which profit from conventional farming and which are opposing organic farming simply because it reduces their business profits."
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The Advantages and Disadvantages of Globalization, 2005.
A discussion of globalization from an ethical perspective.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, $ 53.95
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Abstract
The paper presents the ethical perspective of globalization using utilitarianism. It looks at the movement towards globalization and analyzes the meaning of this phenomena. The paper argues that globalization is a number of systems and examines the ethics behind this movement. The conclusion is that advantages and disadvantages are determined by a number of factors.
From the Paper
"One of the most controversial issues in recent years is globalization. There is considerable disagreement about what globalization even means. However, most researchers agree that globalization is essentially the integration of various systems on a global scale. For example, when discussing overreaching features of international systems Thomas Friedman declares, The globalization system is a bit different. it also has one overarching feature- integration. The world has become an increasingly interwoven place, and today, whether you are a company or a country, your threats and opportunities increasingly derive from who you are connected to (Friedman 157)."
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Advantages and Disadvantages of ?In Vitro? Fertilization, 2002.
An examination on the positive and negative effects of ?In Vitro? fertilization.
1,115 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the issues surrounding 'In Vitro' fertilization. It describes what it is medically, who is eligible for this treatment, and the legal ramification of conceiving a child outside the biological uterus. The author writes that IVF often causes birth defects in children.
Table of Contents
Introduction to Infertility and In Vitro Fertilization
Causes of Infertility
Indicators for IVF (in vitro fertilization)
Steps in the IVF Treatment
Positive and Negative Effects of IVF Treatment
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In vitro treatment is often used as an infertility treatment because ?IVF offers couples who cannot have children naturally? a chance of having a baby? and even though fertilization takes place outside the woman?s body, the couple will still experience the process of natural pregnancy and conception, as well as the opportunity to conceive their own child. In vitro fertilization also prevents the problem of custody over a child that usually happens when couples adopt or subsist to surrogacy, wherein the child was conceived in another woman?s womb (fertility Confidential 2001). These problems are not only legally demanding, but also emotionally straining to couples that have used these measures to have their own child."
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First-Mover Advantage in the On-Line Industry, 2004.
An exploration of the myth of first-moving companies and the accompanying strategic implications.
2,787 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 24 sources, MLA, $ 83.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how first-mover advantage is often an insurmountable gain by the first significant company to enter a new market and how there are numerous strategic implications of being a first-mover within the on-line industry. It looks at how, while there has been much discussion over first-mover benefits within such a dynamic industry, there has also been a great deal of criticism concerning the validity of this claim. Industry experts argue that there is no first-mover advantage. It explores the advantages of being a first-mover contrasted with a follower, the conditions that must be present for a first-mover to prevail and the ?myth? of the first-mover concept. Case studies of both first-mover successes and failures pertaining to the online industry are also examined.
Outline
1.0 Introduction
2.0 The History of First-Mover Advantage
3.0 First-Mover Advantages and Disadvantages
3.1 First-Mover Advantages
3.2 First-Mover Disadvantages
4.0 Conditions Affecting First-Mover Success
5.0 The Myth of the First-Mover Advantage
5.1 Measuring First-Mover Advantage
5.2 Research Supporting First-Mover Advantage
5.3 Research Challenging First-Mover Advantage
6.0 Strategic Implications
7.0 Case Studies
7.1 First-Mover Successes
7.2 First-Mover Failures
7.3 Case Study Key Learnings
8.0 Conclusion
Appendix A: Advantages of First-Movers
Appendix B: Previous Research Findings
Endnotes
From the Paper
"The concept of a first-mover-advantage is by no means a new phenomenon, but during the Internet boom, the term became highly fashionable and was touted as instrumental to an entrant?s success. The belief was that the first company to stake out a business category would inevitably dominate the market. This principle was reinforced by the fact that there were successful first-movers who immediately became industry legends. Journalists and market researchers used the concept to explain the rise of such upstarts as Amazon - the first large online bookstore, eBay - the first online auction service, and Yahoo - the first Web directory. Consultants around the world strongly urged their clients to enter new areas of business, particularly in the online industry, in which first-mover advantage soon became a religion."
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Expert Systems for Accounting, 1995.
This paper discusses rxpert systems, computer programs that mimic the decision making processes of human experts' thinking, in accounting applications: Components, implementation and advantages.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, $ 39.95
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From the Paper
"Expert systems are computer programs that are designed to mimic the decision making processes that human experts typically follow. With the proliferation of personal computers in the workplace, and the innovations in software development, expert systems are now available for a wide range of applications, including medical, legal, and accounting. Within the accounting field, expert systems have been slow to gain acceptance, in part because of the reluctance of accountants to embrace computer technology, and in part because there is some question as to the reliability of expert systems. This research examines expert systems in the accounting field in general, and in the are of auditing in particular.
According to the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, expert systems are computer programs that reflect the ... "
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Expert Witnesses, 2004.
An analysis of the role played by the expert witness in court cases, including a focus on the proponents and opponents of expert witnesses.
1,470 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper examines one of the most fundamental issues associated with criminal trials for murder, the so-called insanity plea and the rhetorical necessity of reliance upon expert witnesses for the determination of the validity of such a defense. The paper discusses the on-going argument, within and without the legal community, of whether expert witness testimony or input is ethically acceptable, given the severity of the crime of murder. The paper contends that society is clearly divided on the subject, as the ethical right of the defendant to a fair defense, whatever his or her motivation for the alleged crime, must be balanced with the need of the judicial system to strike hard against violent criminals to protect society from future violent acts.
From the Paper
"Those in favor of psychological defense information and those against it have come together to make clear that the historical abuses of such testimony are not the intent of the judicial system and require serious review. The nature of the responsibility of both defense and prosecution make clear that the issues at hand are extremely important and must be clearly defined, and much less subjective in admission.
Experts in both defense and prosecution, as well as sociologists, educators and the expert witnesses themselves have called into question the level of influence such expert witness testimony has on the outcome of litigation."
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Knowledge Management Initiative - Expert Locator, 2002.
An analysis of a Knowledge Management (KM) initiative of an expert locator presented for corporate knowledge management.
1,600 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
An explanation of the process, culture, and technology in an expert locator format that are required to facilitate true collaboration and tacit knowledge reuse. This KM initiative proposes the process, culture, and technology required to capture the experts within Raytheon Electronic Systems into an expert locator to facilitate and expedite knowledge transfer between organizations and employees. This set of processes, cultural model, and technology assist in the capture, storage, and dissemination of expert locator data to all business units within Raytheon Electronic Systems. Effectiveness of the expert locator system are also captured through Oregon Productivity Matrix method of organizational performance measurement.
From the Paper
"Raytheon Electronic Systems, a business within Raytheon Company, employs over 50,000 in disciplines across engineering, manufacturing, sales, business, information technology, and many others. These 50,000+ employees are spread over a dozen locations within the United States and several foreign countries. There is a need for a standard, simplified, easily accessible expert locator system to improve knowledge transfer and reuse in major projects and initiatives."
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Knowledge and Expertise in the Court System, 2008.
An analysis of whether expert knowledge, that is presented in court, is in fact true and accurate knowledge and whether it is reliable in court proceedings.
1,763 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the truth of knowledge and expertise within the court system and looks at whether this form of information could represent inaccurate knowledge. More specifically, the paper analyzes whether data such as scientific opinion and expertise, social science evidence and eyewitness testimony are reliable in court proceedings and whether they do, in fact, represent "knowledge."
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Knowledge and Expertise in Court
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The findings of the abovementioned researchers indicate some interesting trends in our conception of "truth", "knowledge" and "expertise" in the modern court system. Though science is honored in modern society as an almost God-like certainty, in the court system (as Bertin & Henifin point out) it holds much less weight. The combined findings indicate that court rulings are based rather on a number of forms of evidence, all of which have been called into question by the researchers. Like Bertin and Henifin, Redding and Reppucci explored a form of court evidence often scrutinized for accuracy - social science evidence. However, unlike Bertin and Henifin, Redding and Reppucci seem to lament the fact that their investigated form of evidence is often overlooked or misconstrued in the field of law, particularly by judges - the ultimate decision-makers. Lastly, like Redding and Reppucci, Kebbell and Giles explored the concept of bias in court in eliciting tainted evidence. Kebbell and Giles demonstrated that the questioning techniques of lawyers can have an impact on the accuracy of eyewitness recollection. The combined findings of these researchers indicate that knowledge and expertise in the court system under current provisions is far from conclusive."
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Expert Systems and Neural Networks, 2004.
An analysis of the development and limitations of expert systems and neural networks.
4,924 words (approx. 19.7 pages), 32 sources, MLA, $ 125.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an examination of the concepts and technologies needed to develop, implement and integrate expert systems and neural networks. The limitations of expert systems and their alternatives are discussed, followed by an analysis of the relevant and scholarly literature covering neural networks. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
Outline
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Background and Overview
Expert Systems
Neural Networks
Constraints to Effective Use of AI Applications
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Artificial Intelligence (AI) as a formal discipline is certainly not new, having been around for more than 50 years (Gozzi 1997). Nevertheless, AI remains a term that frequently "conjures images of HAL's refusal to open the pod bay doors or Deep Blue winning the world chess championship. But artificial intelligence (or Al) is not a phenomenon restricted to science fiction movies and chess tournaments; it has rapidly, if silently, become a fixture of daily life" (Gibson 2003:83). In fact, Kapoor (2003) emphasizes that there can be no dispute that machines with greater-than-human intelligence will be built in the next 50 years, and the creation of such AI empowered creations will have far-reaching implications for all aspects of society, science, technology, and the environment."
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Minority, Women and Disadvantaged Business Enterprise, 2008.
An analysis of the objectives and the pros of the minority, women and disadvantaged business enterprise (MWDBE) in the State of North Carolina.
759 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the minority, women and disadvantaged business enterprise (MWDBE) in the State of North Carolina, which is focused on by the Historically Underutilized Business (HUB) office. The paper describes the goal for the state in terms of MWDBE and the objectives of the policy. The paper then looks at the pros of the public policy related to minority, women and disadvantaged businesses and how the policy can be successfully implemented.
From the Paper
"This can be accomplished through dedicated workers that strive to achieve organizational goals and that have the training and skills to ensure that the public policy is beneficial to all stakeholders in Charlotte. The Partnership for Public Service of the United States believes that this is possible when the right people are recruited, who believe that the issues associated with the community are essential to the well being of all people ("Welcome", n.d.). Yet, in order to attract the right people to accomplish this task the organization must be capable of providing a working environment that supports the desire to successfully serve the public."
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Expertise and Positive Thinking, 2007.
An argument that both talent and training are required for an individual to reach an expert or professional level.
1,780 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
The paper asserts that it is impossible to reach an expert level without having a certain degree of natural talent and ability. The paper then examines three studies on the power of positive feelings and statements, the benefits of eliminating worry and focusing on the present and how those with high self-esteem are happier than those with low self-esteem. The paper shows how in order to become an expert it is crucial that one combines both physical and mental training in order to fully maximize one's potential and use the talents one already has.
From the Paper
"How does one become an expert in a certain field? Is it the acquired skills and abilities gained through many years of repetitive practice and relentless training? Could it be the inherent talent that dictates how well a person performs a specific skill? With all the knowledge at our disposal in regards to cognitive learning; how can we assume that talent alone is to be credited for mastery? With a clear separation between those who can and those who wish they could; what differentiates the two groups? "
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Expertise as a Source of Power, 2005.
Discusses expertise as a source of power in an organization.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses expertise--both manufactured and genuine--as a source of power in an organization. It defines the meaning of expertise in the business world and its function as a valuable commodity.
From the Paper
"There are a number of ways to establish bases of organizational power but one of the most effective of these is through the personal characteristic known as expertise ..."
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