| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "EXPERT WITNESSES": |
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Expert Witnesses, 2004.
An analysis of the role played by the expert witness in court cases, including a focus on the proponents and opponents of expert witnesses.
1,470 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper examines one of the most fundamental issues associated with criminal trials for murder, the so-called insanity plea and the rhetorical necessity of reliance upon expert witnesses for the determination of the validity of such a defense. The paper discusses the on-going argument, within and without the legal community, of whether expert witness testimony or input is ethically acceptable, given the severity of the crime of murder. The paper contends that society is clearly divided on the subject, as the ethical right of the defendant to a fair defense, whatever his or her motivation for the alleged crime, must be balanced with the need of the judicial system to strike hard against violent criminals to protect society from future violent acts.
From the Paper
"Those in favor of psychological defense information and those against it have come together to make clear that the historical abuses of such testimony are not the intent of the judicial system and require serious review. The nature of the responsibility of both defense and prosecution make clear that the issues at hand are extremely important and must be clearly defined, and much less subjective in admission.
Experts in both defense and prosecution, as well as sociologists, educators and the expert witnesses themselves have called into question the level of influence such expert witness testimony has on the outcome of litigation."
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Expert Witnesses, 2007.
This paper discusses the role of expert witnesses in the courtroom.
771 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
The paper explains that expert witnesses are professionals qualified to help people in the courtroom with their search for the truth. The paper relates that they offer knowledge and information about a subject of their expertise and they also help the fact-finder in drawing informed inferences from available facts. The paper refers to the Daubert case of 1993.
From the Paper
"It is however the trial judge who decided whether the expert witness is qualified enough to offer help. In many cases, there has been an influx of "junk science" in the courtrooms, which led to the famous Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals ruling in 1993 where it was decided that extreme caution must be exercised when permitting evidence in a courtroom. According to Brown et al. (2005), expert witness is someone "who by reason of education or specialized experience possesses superior knowledge respecting a subject about which persons having no particular training are incapable of forming an accurate opinion or deducting correct conclusions'."
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Expert Witnesses in the Courts, 2002.
An analysis of reliability, and ethics in the intersection of psychology and law.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This report will examine the intersection of law and psychology in terms of expert testimony. The starting point will be several studies which have cast doubt on the reliability of expert testimony, specifically in regard to child abuse cases and how police officers collect and interpret the information related to a case. From there the paper will move on to a discussion of the legal principles involved, and how they have been enacted in practice. The fundamental thesis of this report is that expert testimony is not being subjected to rigorous enough scrutiny, and is less reliable than has been assumed.
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Children As Witnesses, 1994.
Examines evolution of views on children as witnesses in court.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 14 sources, $ 63.95
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From the Paper
" Children as Witnesses
Introduction
The viewpoint toward children as witnesses in court has undergone several changes during this century. In the early part of the century, and until quite recently, children were considered to be basically unreliable, having tendencies to lie and make up stories. They were believed to be incapable of differentiating right from wrong in some instances.
However, during the past two decades, with increased attention to child abuse and prosecution of offenders, children have increasingly been called upon to serve as witnesses in courtroom situations. There was a shift in perception toward viewing children as reliable witnesses, particularly in regard.."
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Child Witnesses, 2006.
An examination of whether a child should be presumed to be a competent witness.
755 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the practical realities of a child witness. The paper focuses on understanding the "impressionability" of a child, and the child's ability to distinguish truth from falsehood. The paper explains that many states provide procedures to limit the trauma for children, such as testimony by closed-circuit television rather than in-court testimony, although there must be a hearing to determine if these procedures are appropriate. The paper suggests that the courts accept the competence of child accusers, confident that judicial processes can address possible issues of impressionability.
From the Paper
"The legal system does not accept such rules of competence. The key rule of evidence, the Federal Rules of Evidence, states at Rule 601: "General Rule of Competency: Every person is competent to be a witness . . . ." Most states follow this rule, so that no court can categorically bar a witness who is a member of a given class (such as age) without a showing that the individual witness cannot give sound testimony. Federal law is specific. A child is presumed competent. 18 U.S.C. . "
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Jehovah's Witnesses, 1989.
Discusses religion's philosophy, history & development, family life, practices, blood transfusions, membership requirements, founders and end of the world predictions.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 5 sources, $ 79.95
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From the Paper
"This study will provide an examination of the Jehovah's Witnesses. The study will include consideration of the religion's philosophy, its history and development, family life, religious practices, beliefs and practices regarding blood transfusions, and other related aspects of the religion.
Even the quickest glance at the literature on religion, particularly the religions of the United States, will reveal to the reader that Jehovah's Witnesses are members of a truly unique religion.
In the first Place, the Witnesses are the only religion known best for its proselytizing door-to-door. As Whalen writes, "Chances are at least three people call at your home year after year: the tax assessor, the Fuller Brush man, and a Witness of Jehovah. The Witness considers his 'product' far more important (...)"
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Insanity Defense, 1993.
A look at the history and development including the impact on juries, psychological and legal issues and expert witnesses.
3,600 words (approx. 14.4 pages), 12 sources, $ 127.95
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From the Paper
"Insanity Defense and the Jury
This paper will discuss the insanity defense in American criminal law and how it is applied by juries. This first part of the paper will examine the background of the defense and the various standards which have been developed by courts to determine whether or not a defendant is criminally responsible for his actions. The second part of the paper will discuss the various factors which influence jurors in their decisions concerning the criminal responsibility of a defendant who has raised the defense of insanity.
The insanity defense goes back to 13th Century England, where a noted legal scholar explained that children and "madmen" could not be held guilty of crimes because they are innocent in their designs and have no will to do harm. A madman "knows not..."
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Forensic Psychology, 1997.
Summarizes interview with a forensic psychologist on education, training, duties, skills, role as expert witness, managed care and ethics.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 3 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
" FORENSIC PSYCHOLOGY
Introduction
An interview with a forensic psychologist was conducted to glean information pertaining to educational and clinical training, major duties, skills update, effects of managed mental health care and prescription privileges, and controversies regarding the field of forensic psychology. Also included is a summary of how this field is integrated with other disciplines or subspecialties of clinical psychology.
Education & Training
Education for the forensic psychologist begins like that of any other area of psychology. A Ph.D. in the field of psychology is required, general psychology is acceptable, clinical psychology is preferred. Clinical psychology requires a.."
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Analysis of "The Practice", 2008.
This paper provides an evidentiary legal analysis of the television series "The Practice".
6,063 words (approx. 24.3 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 143.95
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Abstract
This evidentiary examination focuses on two episodes of The Practice, "Truth and Consequences" and "Burden of Proof." The writer notes that these ran consecutively on January 12 and January 19, 1998, respectively and primarily focus on the same civil case. First a plot summary of these episodes is provided. Then, an analysis of the evidence offered in them is conducted, along with any problems that may exist in the presentation of that evidence. Though the proceedings depicted in these episodes seem to be taking place at the state level, and not in a federal court, the Federal Rules of Evidence (FRE) is nevertheless used to analyze all of the evidence presented. The writer concludes that for the most part the evidence introduced during the trial and pretrial proceedings of the episodes "Truth and Consequences" and "Burden of Proof" was portrayed fairly accurately.
Outline:
"Truth and Consequences"
"Burden of Proof"
Analysis of the Evidence Presented
Jimmy Berluti's Direct Examination of Expert Witness Joel Helms
Boston Power's Cross and Impeachment of Expert Witness Joel Helms
Boston Power's Direct Examination of Its Star Expert Witness Dr. Munson
Jimmy Berluti's Cross and Impeachment of Boston Power's Expert Witnesses
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Practice was centered on the small, often struggling but always noble Boston law firm of Donnell and Associates, led by attorney Bobby Donnell. The firm was later renamed Donnell, Young, Dole and Frutt when Bobby decided to take on more partners by promoting three of his associates. The majority of the drama in the series is derived from the high stakes, high profile, often controversial criminal defense cases the firm accepts. The firm's attorneys are depicted as decent, caring, kind-hearted lawyers who pride themselves on taking the tough criminal cases that no one else will touch. Yet the firm also litigates and settles some civil matters, usually various forms of tort or employment actions. This is one of the unique qualities of The Practice that serves to distinguish it from other legal dramas on television, such as Law and Order, which typically tend to concentrate exclusively on the criminal justice system and the function of courts and attorneys within it."
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Witness Protection, 2002.
A discussion of organized crime in the United States and the Witness Security Program.
7,490 words (approx. 30.0 pages), 38 sources, APA, $ 164.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the The Witness Security Program (WITSEC) which was created in the 1970s to protect, relocate, and provide new identities to witnesses of dangerous crimes. It examines how witness protection is one of the most useful and effective law enforcement tools that can be used in the fight against crime and in particular organized crime. It provides a definition of who is eligible for protection and the requirements to enter the program.
Outline:
History of Organized Crime in the U.S. (1850-1950)
History of Organized Crime in the U.S. (1950-Present)
The Witness Protection Program
Eligibility and Requirements for Induction into the Witness Protection Program
Witness Protection Programs in the World
Successes of the Witness Protection Program
The Downside of the Witness Protection Program
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Many countries around the world have a witness protection program. In most cases, the witnesses are for drug, International Criminal Tribunal cases and criminal related charges. United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, Italy, Germany and the Netherlands are some of the countries that have a witness protection program. The United States, Canada and Australia have legislature for formal protection programs and dedicated officials who are involved in the program. In the United Kingdom, however, the local police are charged with the protection of the witnesses. The police rely on trained officers to provide witness ad hoc support. In Germany, there are no specific legal provisions to protect witnesses against organized crime."
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Jehovah?s Witness, 2006.
A study of Jehovah's Witness as a cult.
2,123 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper comes to prove that Jehovah's Witness is a cult. It offers a definition of what a cult is, and continues to explore the history and beliefs of the Jehovah's Witness following and how is distorts the essential doctrines of Christianity. In conclusion, the author discusses the danger of cults and the responsibility of the church to discredit them.
Introduction
History of Jehovah Witness
Jehovah Witness Beliefs
Distortion in this Cult
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Jehovah's Witnesses deem themselves to be Christians because they believe they are serving the true and living God. Like many cults, they think they are the only true church on earth. Yet, they reject the Trinity, the deity of Christ, the personhood of the Holy Spirit, Jesus' physical resurrection, and salvation by grace through faith. The Jehovah's Witnesses are dispirited from looking into Jehovah's Witness history or old Watchtower literature which is replete with contradictions, altered doctrines, and false prophecies. Instead, they are instruct repeatedly against basic Christian doctrines (Trinity, deity of Christ, etc) and into the notion that they alone are the true servants of God and that all others are either in "Christendom" or simply unbelievers. Primarily, the Jehovah's Witness organization is a mind control organization that uses its people to pass out literature and send in "donations" to the headquarters in Brooklyn, New York."
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Experts: Advantages and Disadvantages, 2007.
This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of becoming an expert.
1,107 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper defines experts as individuals who have developed expertise in problem solving, reasoning and creativity and are able to think in an effective manner about issues in their areas of expertise. The paper then discusses six key principles that experts use that novices do not and looks at several advantages to becoming an expert, while pointing s out that it can be a disadvantage in certain situations. The paper concludes that while becoming an expert is highly worthwhile, those who do so should be aware of possible limitations and learn ways to avoid such pitfalls.
From the Paper
"There are six key principles that experts use that novices do not. First, experts are able to notice features and patters of information. Secondly, experts use their vast amount of acquired knowledge, which is organized in a way that shows a deep understanding of a subject. Third, expert knowledge cannot be reduced to isolated facts, but reflects knowledge in context. Fourth, experts can retrieve knowledge with little attention. Fifth, while experts may know their subject, they may not be able to teach others. Finally, experts vary in their ability to approach new situations (Bransford, 2000)."
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Knowledge Management Initiative - Expert Locator, 2002.
An analysis of a Knowledge Management (KM) initiative of an expert locator presented for corporate knowledge management.
1,600 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
An explanation of the process, culture, and technology in an expert locator format that are required to facilitate true collaboration and tacit knowledge reuse. This KM initiative proposes the process, culture, and technology required to capture the experts within Raytheon Electronic Systems into an expert locator to facilitate and expedite knowledge transfer between organizations and employees. This set of processes, cultural model, and technology assist in the capture, storage, and dissemination of expert locator data to all business units within Raytheon Electronic Systems. Effectiveness of the expert locator system are also captured through Oregon Productivity Matrix method of organizational performance measurement.
From the Paper
"Raytheon Electronic Systems, a business within Raytheon Company, employs over 50,000 in disciplines across engineering, manufacturing, sales, business, information technology, and many others. These 50,000+ employees are spread over a dozen locations within the United States and several foreign countries. There is a need for a standard, simplified, easily accessible expert locator system to improve knowledge transfer and reuse in major projects and initiatives."
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Witness Protection Program, 2002.
Examines whether the "Witness Protection Program" is a safe haven for criminals or a new breeding place for crimes?
1,860 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that criminals in the Witness Protection Program currently commit few crimes, but low staffing may change this in the future. It begins by defining and explaining more about the actual program and who is entitled to this benefit. It discusses the history of the program - how it was originally started to protect mafia members and its current status. The paper finally looks at some controversial issues surrounding the program, including the cases of some witnesses who committed serious crimes while participating in the program. Includes an outline and annotated bibliography.
From the Paper
"The Witness Protection Program, where criminals guilty of crimes are given new identities and moved to new locations so they can testify against others without fear of reprisal, is a controversial approach to law enforcement because it releases known criminals into the community instead of sending them to prison. Criminals in the Witness Protection Program currently commit few crimes, but low staffing may change this in the future.
In order to gain convictions, prosecutors need persuasive evidence. When it comes to crimes committed by groups, such as by the Mafia or drug cartels, finding direct evidence may be difficult (SOC), and witnesses become important. Because these organizations retaliate viciously against anyone within their groups who testify against them, those with inside information often need special protection. Because of this problem, the Witness Protection Program was started."
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Knowledge and Expertise in the Court System, 2008.
An analysis of whether expert knowledge, that is presented in court, is in fact true and accurate knowledge and whether it is reliable in court proceedings.
1,763 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the truth of knowledge and expertise within the court system and looks at whether this form of information could represent inaccurate knowledge. More specifically, the paper analyzes whether data such as scientific opinion and expertise, social science evidence and eyewitness testimony are reliable in court proceedings and whether they do, in fact, represent "knowledge."
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Knowledge and Expertise in Court
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The findings of the abovementioned researchers indicate some interesting trends in our conception of "truth", "knowledge" and "expertise" in the modern court system. Though science is honored in modern society as an almost God-like certainty, in the court system (as Bertin & Henifin point out) it holds much less weight. The combined findings indicate that court rulings are based rather on a number of forms of evidence, all of which have been called into question by the researchers. Like Bertin and Henifin, Redding and Reppucci explored a form of court evidence often scrutinized for accuracy - social science evidence. However, unlike Bertin and Henifin, Redding and Reppucci seem to lament the fact that their investigated form of evidence is often overlooked or misconstrued in the field of law, particularly by judges - the ultimate decision-makers. Lastly, like Redding and Reppucci, Kebbell and Giles explored the concept of bias in court in eliciting tainted evidence. Kebbell and Giles demonstrated that the questioning techniques of lawyers can have an impact on the accuracy of eyewitness recollection. The combined findings of these researchers indicate that knowledge and expertise in the court system under current provisions is far from conclusive."
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