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Executive Powers in Germany and the United States, 2007.
A comparison of the executive power awarded to the Chancellor of Germany and the President of the United States.
1,675 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the formation of the executive powers in both the United States and Germany. It looks at the power that the laws provide to each leader, as well as the limitations that exist in order to prevent the acquirement of excessive power. The paper compares the executive power of the Chancellor in Germany to that of the President of the United States.
Table of Contents:
German Government and Executive Powers
United States Government and Executive Powers
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Checks and balances in the United States begin with the formation of the United States Congress, comprised of the House of Representatives and the Senate. Laws of the nation must be passed by a majority vote in both houses before they can be sent to the president for approval. However, the president also has the authority to veto any legislation that he or she does not approve of, creating a situation in which the Congress must redesign the bill and seek approval again. However, the Congress can "override" the veto if there are enough votes in both the House and Senate to do so ("Checks", 2006)."
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The Executive Powers of the United States Government, 2001.
A paper discussing the actions and duties the government must carry out.
906 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper is about the Executive Powers of the United States Government. The author details a few presidencies and describes the actions and duties of the U.S. government.
From the Paper
"The constitution of the United State provides that the ?executive power? of the federal government ? shall be vested in a president.? Therefore, the president is the principal officer of the executive branch of the government. Two other branches of the federal government- the legislative and the judicial- are constitutionally equal. However, the president, who resides and works at the White House in the nation?s capital, Washington, D.C., has most often been regarded as the most powerful figure in the government and as the leader of the nation. In looking for ideas applicable to a new national executive, the founders turned to the New York Constitution of 1777, where the governship had several attractive features. "
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Lincoln, Roosevelt, and Nixon:The Extension of Executive Powers, 2002.
This paper gives examples of American presidents who went beyond what they were allowed to do within the parameters of the Constitution.
2,095 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the three presidents: Lincoln, Roosevelt and Nixon and their use of their executive powers during their presidency. The extension of executive power has typically created a positive for a president. For example, Abraham Lincoln and Franklin D. Roosevelt, despite the extension of their executive powers, are considered great presidents. However, Richard Nixon?s abuse of this same power, proving his imperial tendencies, showed the necessity of curbing this potential force. The paper details the ways in which executive power was extended by these three presidents, and argues that President Nixon not only abused his powers but tried to cheat the American people and therefore was not considered a great president and was impeached.
From the Paper
?Human beings, Abraham Lincoln noted, wished to protect both life and limb. ?Yet often a limb must be amputated to save a life; but a life is never wisely given to save a limb.? If the execution of the of the whole of the laws should require the violation of a single law, ?are all the laws but one to go unexecuted, and the Government itself to go to pieces, lest that one be violated??? (Schlesinger 59) Over the past hundreds of years, many presidents of the United States have extended their executive powers. The extension of executive power has typically created a positive for a president. For example, Abraham Lincoln and Franklin D. Roosevelt. These two men, regardless of any of their actions that could be considered an extension of executive powers were great presidents. However, Richard Nixon?s abuse of this same power, proving his imperial tendencies, showed the necessity of curbing this potential force. If no actions had been taken against Nixon, what would the next president have done? Richard Nixon extended his executive powers too far, and had to be made an example of."
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Executive Power and the Federalist Papers, 2002.
A summary of one of the federalist papers - Federal 15, and political commentator Alexander Hamilton's views.
1,296 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Federalist 15. It shows how Hamilton argued that a strong executive power is desirable,and that it would be prevented from coming to resemble a monarchy due to the checks and balances of a republican form or government. It discusses why Hamilton believes that a strong executive would allow the United States to enjoy the best of both worlds.
From the Paper
Hamilton argues in Federalist 15 that the government of the United States under the Articles of Confederation lacked ?energy.? What Hamilton meant was that the government was a paper tiger; it had no power or authority to back up its laws and rulings with force. In Federalist 70, Hamilton argues that ?[d]ecision, activity, secrecy, and dispatch,? are more likely to be found in an executive consisting of a single person in power. Hamilton suggests that there is no contradiction between republican liberty and a strong executive power because the checks and balances of Republican government would keep the President from wielding absolute power as in the case of monarchy. What Hamilton argues is that a strong executive would allow the United States to enjoy the best of both worlds.
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Youth Alcohol Consumption in the United States and Germany, 2002.
This paper seeks to answer the question whether the U.S., which tries to strictly control and even eradicate drinking by minors, has more or less of a problem with alcohol than Germany, which embraces alcohol as part of its culture.
4,430 words (approx. 17.7 pages), 24 sources, MLA, $ 116.95
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Abstract
After producing a short profile of each country?s drinking habits, this paper proceeds to examine what is known about the problem of episodic drinking by young people in both countries. It rejects the view that the U.S. is experiencing an ?epidemic? of underage drinking as a statistical illusion generated by the country?s higher than normal drinking age. It argues that the U.S. is not even one of the countries with a growing problem of episodic (binge) drinking by younger people, although there may well be a delimited problem specific to the college community.
From the Paper
?According to Joseph A. Califano Jr. of the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse (CASA) at Columbia University, the United States (US) is in the midst of an ?epidemic of underage drinking.? The 145-page CASA report Teen Tipplers: America?s Underage Drinking Epidemic (2002) asserts that underage drinking accounts for 25 per cent of all US alcohol consumption. Although CASA was soon forced to retract this sensational claim ? the real figure is more like 11.4 per cent - there is still reason for concern. Over 5 million high school children ? 31 per cent of the US high school population ? say they binge drink at least once a month. (Binge drinking is defined as five or more drinks in a row by a male, or four or more by a female.) At college level, the percentage rises to 44 per cent. Furthermore, in their college years young American females drink almost as much as males, a characteristic unknown in other countries.?
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The National State in Germany and Russia, 2002.
Examines the role of the National State In European economic development, providing a comparison of Germany and Russia, 1815-1914.
2,150 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 80.95
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Abstract
During the nineteenth century and the early part of the twentieth century, we find that significant change occurred in countries such as Germany and Russia. This, of course, focuses attention on the nature of this change as well as the extent to which the national state in each country contributed to economic development. With this in mind, the purpose of this paper will be to compare the role of the national state in the economic development of Germany and Russia between the years 1815 and 1914.
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The United States and the United Kingdom, 2004.
This paper discusses the historical and current relationship between the United States and the United Kingdom.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the close ties between the United States and Great Britain are deeply rooted in common language as well as a long-running and deeply connected historical base of strongly tied economic as well as militaristic cooperation that has spanned since the era of World War II. The author points out that the United Kingdom is the United States' largest customer and the United States is the country that invests the largest amount, each year, in the United Kingdom. The paper relates that the commonly held values of democracy and the inherently held beliefs in the freedom of speech, human rights and a similar legal system are the ties that bind the two countries inevitably together.
Table of Contents
Statement of Thesis
Introduction
Background and History
Common Initiatives - Joint Investments
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The United States was once under British rule and in fact the American Revolution was fought for the purpose of removing the U.S. Colonies from the rule of the British. The American Revolution was fought and independence was won establishing America as an independent and separate nation from Great Britain but only after a grueling war. Great Britain was determined to keep the Colonies under British rule and after an attack on Charleston and lives having been lost the colonists stated their intentions in a document entitled "Declaration of the Causes and Necessities to Take up Arms" and the action to break away from what most considered to be their mother country began. It has been stated in history that most of the colonists identified with the British and that many of the colonists considered themselves to be Britons."
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The United States Almost Un-United For Good, 2002.
This paper presents a look at the history of the Confederate Army and the Confederate States of America.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
The author takes us through the beginning and end of the attempt to create its own nation despite the fact that the original US still outdid the Confederate States in population, as well as finances and military power. There were six sources used to complete this paper.
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Health Care Systems Of United States And The United Kingdom, 2002.
Compares healthcare costs and outcomes.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 7 sources, $ 47.95
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Abstract
Compares healthcare costs and outcomes. Underlying structures and principles of healthcare in each country. Social policy. Health care delivery. Advantages & disadvantages of each. Focus on quantitative measures (costs, mortality rates, quality, access to care, public satisfaction). Managed care. Fee-for-service. Primary care. Chart of costs. Table of outcomes.
From the Paper
"COMPARATIVE HEALTH CARE COSTS & OUTCOMES ? UNITED KINGDOM & UNITED STATES
The structures and the principles underlying the health care systems in the United Kingdom (UK) and the United States (US) are dramatically different. Depending upon one?s perspective on social policy generally and health care delivery more specifically advantages and disadvantages characterize each country?s health care system in relation to that of the other country.
This research compares the costs and outcomes of health care delivery in the UK and the US. The primary focus of this comparison is on quantitative measures. The quantitative measures presented in this research, however, reflect both objective data (e.g., actual costs, mortality rates, and so ..."
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The United States, the United Kingdom and Iraq, 2004.
A look at the strain put on the special relationship developed between the UK and the US because of the war on Iraq.
2,025 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how, thus far, the UK and the US have worked together fairly smoothly on the war on terror, but that the war on Iraq has placed severe strain on the special relationship developed between these two countries.
From the Paper
"This research paper discusses the current state of the special relationship' between the United Kingdom and the United States in the light of the war on terror and the current Iraq war. The special relationship' refers to the close military and diplomatic cooperation that has characterized Anglo-American relations since..."
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From Imperialist Power to Super Power, 2002.
An examination of the history of the United States as an imperial power and consideration of the implications of its position now that America is the only country in the world able to lay claim to the term superpower.
1,536 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the expansion of the American empire from its early days as a nation of farmers through being an imperial power with expanding territories to being the world's only superpower since the collapse of the Former Soviet Union. It evaluates whether it is a good thing for a state to be so powerful and looks at how long America can actually stay in this position in light of today's political world.
Outline
Introduction
Manifest Destiny
Land Acquisition through Conquest and Purchases
Implications of American Imperialism
America's History as an Imperialist Power
America as an Agricultural Country
The Need for Markets
Foreign Markets and American Imperialism
American Hegemony vs. other Imperial Powers
Comparison with the Soviet Union
Comparison with Britain
Negative Implications
America as the World's Only Superpower
America after the Collapse of the USSR
America as a Benign Hegemony
Collapse of Empire
Conclusion
From the Paper
"America began as a small cluster of colonies clinging to the eastern shore of the great continent of North America. As the country expanded westward, and also northward and southward, a spirit of "manifest destiny" gripped the land as pioneers, patriots and politicians sought to bring under American domination ever greater amounts of territory. Through land purchases such as the Louisiana Purchase, and through conquest, as in the case of the lands acquired as a result of the Mexican War and the Spanish American War, the country grew until it stretched from sea to sea, and from the Rio Grande River in the south, far north to the cold stretches of the Canadian wilderness."
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The United States as a Hyper-Power, 2005.
This paper reviews multilateralism versus unilateralism in discussing the United States' present status as a hyper-power.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 5 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the relative merits of multilateralism. The author suggests reasons why America, like any great power, is disinclined to tie itself to multilateral organizations. The paper argues that there is no guarantee that an international community led by the EU would lead to happier results.
From the Paper
"In 2005, America is the world's unmistakable and largely unrivaled superpower; this power, however, has sometimes been used in a unilateral manner that has compromised American legitimacy in the eyes of the rest of the world's people. But although criticism of the United States is common, it must be asked whether or not it is realistic or feasible for the world to demand that the planet's most powerful nation tie its national interests - as it defines those interests - to international organizations that are already frequently hamstrung by internecine squabbles - and which may not have America's best interests at heart."
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Germany (1945-1948), 2002.
A discussion of the policy conflicts which arose between the United States and other Western powers and the Soviet Union over Germany during the years 1945 through 1948.
4,588 words (approx. 18.4 pages), 20 sources, MLA, $ 119.95
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Abstract
This paper examines Germany after the end of the Second World War, answering the question of whether Germany would fall predominantly under Western or Soviet influence. It looks at how neither side trusted the other sufficiently to cooperate in constructing a German state which threatened neither of them. It analyzes the policy conflicts and the underlying events from the perspectives offered by different interpretations of them by traditional, realist, revisionist and neo-revisionist schools of thought.
Outline
Wartime Decisions of the Big Three on Germany
First Serious Disagreements (1945-1946)
Intensification of the Struggle (1947-1948)
Contributions of Revisionists and Neo-Revisionists
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Right after the Pearl Harbor attack, FDR assured British Prime Minister Winston Churchill that the United States gave first priority to defeating Germany (Powaski 50). By vetoing British plans for invasion through the Balkans, in favor of a cross-channel attack which could not be mounted until 1944, FDR effectively ensured, said Solsten, that the Red Army would occupy East Germany (76). At the same time, FDR was unwilling to discuss post-war plans until 1943 in part because of the traditional American aversion to spheres of influence and his belief that the Four Policemen (America, Britain, Russia and possibly China) could maintain world order under a system of collective security within the framework of a United Nations, a carryover of Wilsonian idealism. FDR placed great faith in his ability to win Stalin's trust and to obtain Soviet postwar cooperation."
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A Taxonomy of Power and Power-Compliance Gaining Strategies, 2001.
A discussion of the classification system defined by researchers French and Raven in 1959.
2,730 words (approx. 10.9 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses French and Raven's taxonomy of five power sources available for gaining compliance: Coercive power, reward-based power, legitimate power, expert power and referent power. The paper defines each kind of power, giving examples from laboratory studies, advertising, corporate theory and gender-based linguistic studies. The paper includes a discussion not only on the ways of obtaining power, but also on the forms of resistance to that power.
From the Paper
"Perhaps the most obvious definitionally and the crudest method in Raven?s taxonomy would be that of coercive power. Simply put, coercive power is the capacity to dispense punishments to those who do not comply with requests or demands. Consider, for instance, one of the most famous experiments ever conducted dealing with the exercise of power. In the study conducted by Stanley Milgram, subjects were recruited from ?a broad spectrum of socioeconomic and educational levels? to participate in a study of ?memory.? The subjects were then put into pairs, a teacher and a learner. The learner had to administer punishment through the use of electroshocks whenever the subject answered incorrectly. Of course, the learner was really a plant, a psychology student provided by Milgram. But the individual administering the punishment did not know that. So far as he or she knew, he or she had the ability to administer coercive power. Much to the shock and horror of the public when Milgram made his findings known, the ?teachers? did so to the point where the ?learners? protested that the shocks were becoming painful. This transpired as the level of electricity rose to 120 volts, then to 180 volts, to 300 where the subject demanded release, then to 330, when the learner became silent. (The actor playing the role of the experimenter told the subjects they had to go on, that there was no permanent tissue damage being done to the learners, and that he took ?full responsibility.?) Sixty-five percent of Milgram?s subjects conducted the experiment to the bitter end."
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"State Power Is Male Power": Women And The Welfare State, 2002.
Argues that the welfare state, from a feminist perspective, is a feature of a patriarchal power structure.
1,650 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 5 sources, $ 62.95
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Abstract
Canada and the United States are in the midst of a period of economic expansion almost unprecedented in history. Integral to this expansion has been the tax and spending cuts of ideologically conservative governments. These governments have removed a great many lazy women and children from the welfare rolls and, through policies such as workfare, made them productive workers in our society. This paper will demonstrate, however, that this process may be seen as very logical when viewed from a feminist perspective. Underlying the conservative arguments about finances and budget is a subtextual debate about power in general and patriarchal power in particular. It will be argued that the welfare state is an integral feature of this patriarchal power structure. As such, the welfare state's focus on the weakest and the most disadvantaged in our society - whether in cutting benefits or controlling behaviour - reflects a continuing interest of patriarchal power structures in dominating the lives of women who are disproportionately represented in those dependent upon the welfare state.
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