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The Evolving World of Music, 2008.
This paper looks at Neil Strauss' article "A Land with Rhythm and Beats for All" and offers a personal view on today's mixing of music styles.
702 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
The writer discusses how artists are joining together to produce a music style that integrates many different types of music. The writer examines Neil Strauss' "A Land with Rhythm and Beats for All," agreeing with Strauss' argument that hip-hop has a sound for everyone. The paper explains Strauss' assertion that artists are singing about their lives and personal situations, expressing the pain they have experienced in their lives. The writer disagrees, however, with Strauss' contention that the best hip-hop performers will always be black.
From the Paper
"Today's music has become rather evolved, mixing different sounds and styles together to create new forms of music. It has become rather difficult to find just one sound or type of music on a radio station these days. Neil Strauss, author of "A Land with Rhythm and Beats for All," says that he is in favor of this new mixing of music styles."
"I had a music appreciation class at Weber State and I agree with Strauss that hip-hop has had an influence on many different people. Even in the beginning, the blues had an enormous influence on other styles of music being created such as rock, etc. Hip hop is continuing to have an effect on music today. It is merging different styles together and creating new types of music."
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Negative Impact of Popular Music and Music Videos, 2003.
Investigates the negative impact of popular music and music videos on youth in the United States today.
3,623 words (approx. 14.5 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 100.95
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Abstract
The music industry spends enormous amounts of money to create music videos that will make a profit, and the one ingredient they have consistently found that helps sell their products is violence; this violence is usually directed toward women. The AAP notes that there is a paucity of research concerning the impact of such gratuitous violence on children and adolescents. To this end, this paper demonstrates this relationship through a critical review of the literature, followed by a summary of the research and recommendations in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"The definitions concerning what constitutes entertainment and what is protected by the 1st Amendment do not necessarily address the underlying problems of violence in the media and sometimes only serve to merely contribute to the statistical haze that surrounds an already complex situation. The recent appearance of national leaders on MTV attests to the importance and power of music videos in shaping the nation?s conscience. Further, while many non-black observers feel that rap music is just ?so much noise generated by angry black youths,? rap music or simply ?rap,? is in actuality a reflection of the current affairs within the communities in which it is performed. Rap is a ?genre of rhythm-and-blues music that consists of rhythmic vocals declaimed over musical accompaniment. The accompaniment generally consists of electronic drum beats combined with samples (digitally isolated sound bites) from other musical recordings? (Bowman, 2003). From this perspective, rap is an extension of the Black Power movement of the 1960s, and has embodied the essence of the young black culture. The first rap recording was made in 1979 and the genre rose to prominence in the United States in the mid-1980s. Although the term rap is often used interchangeably with hip-hop, the latter term encompasses the subculture that rap music is simply one part of. The term hip-hop derives from one of the earliest phrases used in rap, and can be found on the seminal recording ?Rapper?s Delight? (1979) by Sugarhill Gang. In addition to rap music, the hip-hop subculture also comprises other forms of expression, including dance methodologies, art, vocabulary (in the form of slang) and fashion affectations. Despite these contributions to the popular culture, many observers suggest a connection between the music and personification of violence evinced in music videos and rap as a factor contributing to the incidence of violence by young people in the United State today."
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Guillaume Dufay Music from Medieval and Renaissance Music, 2006.
An examination of Guillaume Dufay's music and its origins.
34 words (approx. 0.1 pages), 6942 sources, MLA, $ 17.95
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Abstract
In this paper the author looks at what Guillaume Dufay's music meant in terms of music history. The author starts with a look at the Gregorian chant from Medieval times which was the main form of sacred music, how it developed and what it gave to modern music. The paper continues with a look at the other forms of music that have developed over the years and contributed to the work of Guillaume Dufay. In particular the author highlights the development of church music in the Renaissance period which, as he points out was the basis for Dufay's music compositions. The author discusses the life and works of Dufay's music as a move towards a clearly defined tonal and functional harmonic structure. The author believes that this helped prepare one of the most important stylistic developments in music of the following century. In conclusion the author reminds us that we are lucky to have the musical pieces that have been curated and restored. A number of Dufay's as well as other composers from that era had masterpieces destroyed because of the political climate.
Outline:
Table of Contents
Introduction
Gregorian Chant
Motet
Troubadour Influence
The Development of Musical Notation
Polyphony
Machaut
Guillaume Dufay a Biography
Dufay's Music
Dufay and Faux-bourdon
Dufay's Motets
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Dufay began composing at a time when musical style was in a period of relative stability and changing that style was not readily accepted. Dufay cannot be thought of as one of the great revolutionaries in Western music; the term 'originality' in the classic sense of the word was not familiar to him. This is not to say, however, that Dufay was in any way lacking of originality or he was in any way reactionary. Quite to the contrary, he played an integral role in the development of faux-bourdon and the cyclic mass. He was one of the first composers to handle four-voice texture with any kind of convincing skill before the end of the 15th century. Furthermore, his attempt to move towards a clearly defined tonal and functional harmonic structure helped prepare one of the most important stylistic developments of the following century. Dufay's works and compositions have come to be known as the supremely polished works of a long period of slow and serene stylistic change."
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African Music's Influence on Pop Music Culture, 2005.
An ethno-musicological study of African music's influence on western society's popular music culture.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 4 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper by examines various western artists, such as Paul Simon and David Byrne, and shows how African music plays an important part in how popular music is interwoven within the western musical tradition. The paper concludes that western music in North America has been greatly influenced by the music of South Africa and other traditional musical traditions from the African continent.
From the Paper
"This ethno musicological study will examine the various African music influences that have become imbued within western pop music culture. By examining various western artists, such as Paul Simon and David Byrne, one can realize how African music plays an important part in how pop music is interwoven within the western musical tradition. In essence, western music in North America has been greatly influenced by the music of South Africa and other traditional musical traditions from the African continent."
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The 'Evolving Policy', 2002.
Examines Abraham Lincoln's "evolving policy" towards the abolition of slavery.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explores Abraham Lincoln's "evolving policy" for abolition and slavery, which separates the distinctions between pro- abolition and pro- equal rights.
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Program Music v. Absolute Music, 2006.
This paper examines the Verdi aria "Ave Maria" from "Othello," highlighting the debate between program and absolute music.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The paper outlines the importance the aria holds for the opera and for music in general. The paper then outlines the debate depicting how music ought to be considered. Finally it considers whether the aria better fits one or the other of the arguments. The conclusion of the paper is that program music better explains the piece.
From the Paper
"In Verdi's "Ave Maria," from "Othello," Desdemona sings what is perhaps the opera's greatest addition to the storyline already laid out so brilliantly by Shakespeare. In a lilting, soaring soprano, Desdemona presents this liturgical prayer for the humble, the innocent and the oppressed in such a beautifully supplicant manner that the listener feels her purity and honesty pouring through her tender prayer. The story wins the listener over to the character, particularly as the music is juxtaposed to the hard declamations of the evil Iago. Though the character has a name that is purposefully indicative of demons, and the tragedy that befalls her later in the opera stems from the misunderstanding of her connection to evil, the listener knows from the moment that Desdemona has sung the "Ave Maria" that the character is pure of heart and gentle of spirit."
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The Evolving Meaning and Nature of Work, 2001.
A look at how the meaning of work has changed over the ages, and where it is going in the future.
3,761 words (approx. 15.0 pages), 18 sources, $ 103.95
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Abstract
This essay discusses the evolving meaning and nature of work over the ages, with an emphasis on current and future trends in this regard. It does this by first demonstrating how the meaning and nature that work played in ancient human societies changed over time. It then looks at some of the current trends in this regard. In doing this, it includes issues related to the global economy and e-commerce.
From the Paper
"Like most other complex constructs found in psychology, there is no one, all-encompassing definition of work. Drummond and Ryan (1995) claim that, historically, work has had a variety of meanings to people of different times and places. For this reason no formal definition of work can be provided. Let it suffice to say that, when one thinks of work, it is important to realise that work can occur outside of jobs (ie: housewives work, as do volunteers of all kinds). In fact, Isaacson and Brown (1997) put it well when they say that ?when thinking about work, it is not just the exertion of energy or effort, but it is the exertion aimed at the attainment of various objectives other than those pursued solely for pleasure or sport? (Isaacson & Brown, 1997, p6)"
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Evolving Hinduism, 2006.
This paper examines the history and rituals surrounding the religious practice of Bhagavad Gita which is a branch of Hinduism.
1,794 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the reasons and events that led to the introduction of Bhagavad Gita, which means 'Song of the Lord,' a religious branch of Hinduism. In the evolving world of Indian religion, the Bhagavad Gita, and with it the adulation of Vishnu, can be seen as a reaction to previous and concurrent forms of worship. The Bhagavad Gita built itself in partial opposition to the older teachings laid down in the Upanisads, yet another branch of Hinduism. The writer of this paper discusses the Bhagavad Gita's revolutionary text that grew out of the Hinduism that came before it and which compared favorably with emerging traditions in its own period. The writer of this paper examines the similarities and differences between the Upanisads, Vishnu and Bhagavad Gita belief systems as well as the historic significance of each form of religion.
From the Paper
"In its most basic form the Bhagavad Gita is exactly what the title translates to-'Song of the Lord'. Though in her introduction to the translation Barbara Stoler Miller writes that it is more of a "philosophical poem" than a song. This poem, then, relates the philosophical conversation of Arjuna the warrior and his chariot driver Krishna (an avatara of the god Visnu) on the battlefield. Divided into 'teachings' the poem moves through the methods in which one can best serve the lord god Visnu. Almost every teaching reiterates the ones that come before it in miniature and then elaborates the teaching from something old and recognizable into something new and reactionary."
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The Evolving Sonnet, 2007.
This paper discusses sonnets of different ages.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that for every age of poetry there has been a form of sonnet. The writer points out that the most well-known style of this poetic form is the Elizabethan sonnet, made famous by William Shakespeare. The writer then relates that the Victorian sonnet, while less well-known by the general public, was a favored form by an equally famous writer, Elizabeth Barrett Browning. The writer notes that the existence of the modern sonnet demonstrates the durability of this poetic form, as demonstrated in the work of Karen Volkman. The writer maintains that although the sonnet has evolved since its inception it remains a lovely and viable poetic form today.
Outline:
Elizabethan Sonnet
Victorian Sonnet
Modern Sonnet
Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Like Shakespeare's sonnets, Browning's poetry is very personal, although in this case the author's audience is known. The cycle selected for this assignment, "Sonnets from the Portuguese," addresses Browning's husband, relating her feelings in return for the affection that he shows to her."
"The first eight lines of Sonnet XXV represent the first stanza of the Petrarchan sonnet. They do not ask any question; rather, they state a fact: the poet's narrator was miserable until she met the man she loved. The final six lines, representing the sestet, expand upon this theme. Although Browning is often criticized as being excessive and sentimental, this style of writing characterized the period."
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Evolving Payment Methods, 2006.
A look at the evolution of payment methods in use in the United States.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 2 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the various payment methods across the United States. These payment methods consist of paper currency, checks, traveler's checks, debit cards, credit cards and newer payment methods. The newer payment methods are typified by PayPal which is clearly becoming a widely used and accepted form of payment beyond its original use related solely to eBay purchases.
From the Paper
"Payment methods have evolved over time with and at the same pace as advances in technology. While physical currency is under no threat of disappearing in the near to mid-term, the changing buy and consumption habits of the United States' consumers is moving in tandem with evolving payment methods in a manner that makes physical currency seem less relevant. Some researchers describe this dynamic in the following manner: "All consumption activity has increasingly become technologically mediated over the past few decades. The shopping experience has been transformed by its technological infrastructure" (Lally, 2002, p.117). Increasingly, this technological mediation in the consumption experience is currency and payment related. No longer is cash considered king and many of the once cutting edge payment methods available to consumers are now considered quaint or archaic."
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An Analysis of Citibank and Its Role in the Evolving Market, 2002.
This paper looks at Citibank and its parent corporation Citigroup.
3,581 words (approx. 14.3 pages), 18 sources, MLA, $ 100.95
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Abstract
This paper is a profile and an analysis of Citibank, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Citigroup, now the entity for which financial data are reported. Citibank, always a dominant force in the banking industry in the United States, has become even more powerful following its merger with the Travelers Group to form Citigroup. This paper follows the history and growth of Citigroup.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
History of the Institution
Current Structure of the Institution
Current Operations
Market Share
Competitive Advantage
Response of Citibank and Other Major International Banks to the Y2K Issue
Financial Performance
Tables
Governmental Relations
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"City Bank grew rapidly throughout the twentieth century. By the 1980s, Citibank was a wholly-owned subsidiary of CitiCorp, a financial holding company formed by City Bank. At that time, the institution consistently ranked as the largest American bank when measured by total loans, and, more often than not, when measured by total assets. It was, however, generally referred to as the country?s second largest bank, because, when measured by total deposits, Bank of America was consistently ranked as the largest American bank. In 1999, Citicorp was replaced by Citigroup following the unprecedented merger of Citicorp and Travelers Insurance. The new company offers the widest array of financial services and products ever offered by a single company."
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An Evolving Greenberg, 2001.
An analysis of how the art critic Clement Greenberg's opinions changed over time.
1,590 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 0 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
By examining two of Greenberg's articles written 35 years apart, the writer explores this critic's changing attitudes towards art. The articles examined are "Avant-Garde and Kitsch? written in 1939 and ?Modernist Painting,? written in 1965.
From the Paper
"Clement Greenberg has over influenced the art world greatly with his ongoing criticism. In two of his essays written over 35 years apart, he presents two arguments which show his evolving opinion as the nature of art changes around him, despite (or perhaps because of) his outspoken opinions. The first article, from 1939, discusses exactly what the title indicates: ?Avant-Garde and Kitsch? and frames them in the social attitudes of the time. He criticizes kitsch, stating that avant-garde art, which is only understood by the cultural elite, is the one true art. The second is called ?Modernist Painting,? written in 1965. This piece seems to accept kitsch as part of our culture, and as part of Modernism. By analyzing the ramifications of what Greenberg says in these two essays, I am able to determine the relevance of his arguments from my own perspective, which is obviously different from his."
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Mars: An Evolving World, 2005.
An examination of the planet Mars as an object of our fascination, both past and present.
3,479 words (approx. 13.9 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 98.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the history of human observation of Mars, as well as the modern system of exploration and observation. The paper goes on to establish promotions and objections of future human development of Mars, as it would be accomplished through a process of terraforming.
Outline:
Physical Characteristics
History of Observation of Mars
Modern Martian Exploration
The 'Life on Mars' Debate
The Moons of Mars
Martian Geology
Terraforming Mars
From the Paper
"Mars, Ares, Tiw, the god of war; the red planet has been revered as the bringer or bloodshed with its red color in the sky, like the color of blood. The planet adjacent to Earth has been an object of mystery and wonder from the time the first human turned his head skyward, to the time when the first telescope was used to observe Mars and its mysterious "canals," to the present day, as humans continue to send spacecraft to the red planet to expand on existing knowledge."
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Terrorism in the 1990s: Evolving Dynamics, 2002.
A study of terrorism as the ultimate goal of the terrorist to obtain the desired commodity through drastic and often deadly means of force.
2,694 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
The paper shows that defining the relationship that exists between political power and international relations is a task that draws its conclusion upon a very fine line. While both of these entities have direct association with each other, they also possess their own particular arrangement within the wide and varied scheme of bureaucratic function. The paper discusses how a strong nation needs the combination of power and government in order to enact any level of global politics; however, there does not necessarily have to be any sort of democratic considerations by which to reach that objective. The paper explains how this specific point speaks directly to the concept of distorted power and its relationship to the history of terrorism, a deceptive and coercive political ideology that impacts every sector of an otherwise civilized global society.
From the Paper
"The foremost aspect of war is that of force; if the element of force did not exist, there would be no motivation for battle. With this in mind, it is relatively easy to understand the notion of terrorism, inasmuch as the ultimate goal of any terrorist is to obtain the desired commodity through drastic and often deadly means of force. By understanding this obvious correlation, one can effectively argue that without the support of force on their side -- political, economic or cultural -- terrorists would not have the ability to pursue their violent protests. Part of the problem is that terrorist activity demands to be noticed, a fact that ultimately constitutes the need for force; however, if the terrorist is not acknowledged, this may lead to the need for even greater force in order to draw attention to the demands. And the incessant cycle continues."
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Music Predilection Marketing Research, 2002.
A paper on marketing research dealing with music predilection and music consumption of the general Israeli public.
9,915 words (approx. 39.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 201.95
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Abstract
In the last decade many technological advances such as the Internet, CD recorders and many others offered the music consumers new alternatives to easily acquire their favorite music, while preserving a high recording quality. The paper shows that one of the solutions suggested to combat "music theft" was to decrease music prices in the Israeli market. The paper argues that before doing a general price decrease, market research should be done in the field. The paper therefore puts forward a detailed and comprehensive market research plan that might give a better understanding of the music market segmentation. The assumption that is tested by the research is: The types of music that tend to be ?stolen? frequently differ from those that are not and those individuals who ?steal? music belong to much lower educational and/or income level than those who tend to buy music. The paper includes strategy, methodology, questionnaire examples and detailed tables with the research results.
Table of Contents:
Executive Summary
Introduction
Methodology
Results
Introduction
Problem
Study Objectives
Strategy
Methodology
Questions
Questionnaire Design and Pre-testing
Main Study Data Collection Process
Errors and Problems
General Problems and Errors
Problems with General Data
Problems with Music Predilection
Problems with Music Consumption
Flaws in Questionnaire Form Design
Errors and Problems with Distribution
Results and Recommendations
Study Results
Conclusions
Recommendations
Appendix
Statistics
Data Evaluation Methodology
English and Hebrew Questionnaires
Bibliography
From the Paper
"The most problematic issue that I was facing in this research is the difficulty in revealing the subject of this research, which is the illegal music consumption. My goal was to find the most neutral approach, in order not to make our respondents feel like suspects for committing a crime (that some of them do?). Therefore, I proposed to design the questionnaire in such a way that it will emphasize the music predilection side of the research, and less the music consumption side. My hope to get the true answers to those questions was based on the acquaintance with Israeli mentality ? people are open enough to provide us with true data, as long as they are anonymous. However, the credibility of the research cannot be based on such an assumption alone and I will try to estimate it using additional methods."
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