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The 'Evolving Policy', 2002.
Examines Abraham Lincoln's "evolving policy" towards the abolition of slavery.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explores Abraham Lincoln's "evolving policy" for abolition and slavery, which separates the distinctions between pro- abolition and pro- equal rights.
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Shift in U.S. Foreign Policy, 2003.
Discusses reasons behind America's shift in foreign policy towards Iraq and North Korea.
1,514 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
U.S. foreign policy is continuously evolving with each new president. However, for the most part, U.S. foreign policy has been based on the idea of containment. This idea of containment was quickly altered after the horrific attacks of 9/11. It appears the U.S. position on foreign policy was forced to change due to the revived ?hot spots? in the Middle East and Korea. This paper discusses U.S. foreign policy towards Iraq and North Korea; however, the main focus of this paper examines why U.S. foreign policy has shifted to preemption from containment. The paper includes quotes by President Bush and Colin Powell.
From the Paper
"Even with all these tensions, the U.S. continues to hold out that diplomacy will resolve the crisis on the Korean peninsula. The U.S wants open dialogue to be multilateral, involving South Korea, North Korea, Japan, and the Chinese. However, North Korea wants the talks to be unilateral between Pyongyang and Washington. The Chinese believe they are being rebuffed, and also believe that the peninsula ought to be nuclear weapons free. Chinese officials stated, ?This will give us an opportunity to say to the North Koreans and world we?re not going to be threatened? (Bush, 4)."
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Foreign Policy in American Government, 2005.
Examines the history of the distribution of power in the United States government's foreign policy division.
2,445 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
The distribution of power in the area of foreign policy has traditionally been defined by a complex and evolving relationship. At times the legislative branch surrenders control to the executive branch and vice versa. This relationship is an intricate exchange of powers and practices and is carefully analyzed in this paper, beginning from 1776 until the present day.
From the Paper
"In 1936, Justice Sutherland expanded the executive role in foreign affairs when he determined in United States vs. Curtiss-Wright, that the president should have a "degree of freedom from statutory restriction which would not be admissible were domestic affairs alone involved." [18] Sutherland's decision assigned new powers to the president that were not originally prescribed by the constitution. He allowed that the president could act independent of congressional authority, but not necessarily contrary to congressional law. Sutherland's views were not exclusive. John Marshall held a similar belief when he wrote in 1800 that "the president is the sole organ of the nation in its external relations, and its sole representative with foreign nations.""
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The EU's Asylum Policy, 2005.
This paper examines the history of the European Union's (EU) policies on asylum and arms control.
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 4 sources, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the European Union's common asylum policy has developed over time and has been influenced by a number of political and economic factors. The author points out that the
EU's position has evolved in response to asylum issues and other emerging concerns such as arms control and human rights violations. The paper relates that thirteen years ago, common European agreement was reached through the Maastricht Treaty, which designated asylum policy as a matter of shared interest to European Union members.
From the Paper
"The European Union's common asylum policy has developed over time and has been influenced by a number of political and economic factors. As this development has unfolded, Luxembourg's own position has evolved in response to asylum issues and other emerging concerns such as arms control and human rights violations. Essentially, "as political and economic co-operation has developed between the member states of the EU, the necessity of a common approach to issues such as immigration, border controls and asylum policy has become apparent." (ECRE) Thirteen years ago, common European agreement was reached through the Maastricht Treaty, which designated asylum policy as a matter of shared interest to European Union members. "
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Public Policy in Calgary, 2006.
An examination of public policy in the city of Calgary.
1,010 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the evolving nature of government in contemporary society at the same time as it explores a series of social issues. The paper, divided into two sections, contemplates who the key decision-makers and actors are for addressing certain key social ills and looks at how the context and history of government contribute to inertia - both good and bad. In the letter section of this paper, it is shown that bureaucratic indifference, when institutionalized into the workings of a government agency or department, can lead to a chronic failure on the part of public servants to discharge the duties of their position.
Outline:
Abstract
Part I: Three Major Social Issues in Calgary
Part II: A Letter to the Editor
From the Paper
"The second issue of importance is the issue of education and, particularly, the educational infrastructure designed to service Calgary's youth. Calgary is a rapidly growing city and this has understandably placed enormous burdens upon the city's services and facilities. Because the birth rate in this city is markedly higher than municipal birth rates across the country - and because of the steady influx of young, upwardly-mobile families - the city's education system is faced with expanding rapidly without losing its traditionally high standard of service."
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The European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP), 2005.
Examines the evolution of ESDP in view of the latest enlargement round.
26,000 words (approx. 104.0 pages), 183 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
The European Security and Defence Policy (ESDP) is one of the most important, yet also one of the most difficult geo-strategical elements of the European Union. Nevertheless, the ESDP has made some remarkable development jumps since the late Nineties. The paper shows that one of the reasons for this has been the Kosovo crisis, where the EU had to act as one to be able to intervene successfully. Another aspect has been the initiatives of France and Great Britain at the Saint Malo Summit. The paper shows that since then, the ESPD has made it through the Nice Contract and has been institutionalised into the EU Charter. The paper includes tables.
Table of Contents:
List of Abbreviations
1 Introduction 6
2 The Theoretical and Historical Context
3 Towards a European Security Strategy
3.1 New Threats, New Challenges
3.1.1 The New Security Dilemma
3.1.2 European Geo-strategic Objectives
3.2 The ESS
4 Genesis and Evolution of the ESDP
4.1 A Tour through Europe: From Maastricht to Seville
4.2 Evolving Objectives of the ESDP
4.3 Missions to date
4.4 What Kind of Power is the EU?
5 Aspects of Power Distribution and International Relations
5.1 A Special Relationship: Partners Across the Atlantic
5.2 The ESDP and International Organisations
5.2.1 NATO
5.2.2 UN
5.2.3 OSCE
6 Enlargement and the Consequences
6.1 The Enlargement Process
6.2 A View from the East: the approach of eight New Members
towards ESDP
6.2.1 Estonia
6.2.2 Latvia
6.2.3 Lithuania
6.2.4 Poland
6.2.5 Czech Republic
6.2.6 Slovakia
6.2.7 Hungary
6.2.8 Slovenia
6.3 Implications for ESDP
7 Enlargement, ESDP and the Balance of Power:
7.1 ESDP: An Assessment
7.2 Intra-EU Aspects
7.2.1 Germany
7.2.2 United Kingdom
7.2.3 France
7.2.4 Italy
7.3 Extra-EU Aspects
8 Conclusion and Outlook for the Future
9 Bibliography
From the Paper
"The development of the ESDP has been seen by some as critical to the EU's international influence. If Europe integrated its security and defense efforts, it could not only defend itself but also export security to others. Others have viewed the ESDP as a threat to the EU's strengths as a civilian power. For the ESDP to develop in a manner that does not usurp Europe's civil power, there needs to be solid, sustained political and military dialogue at all levels-institutional, national, and personal-between ESDP/CFSP and NATO, and between individual national governments and parliaments, not least the U.S. Congress. A successful European Security and Defense Policy will change the European Union's position in the international realm relative to security, including restoration and/or maintenance of the economies of the region."
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The Evolving Meaning and Nature of Work, 2001.
A look at how the meaning of work has changed over the ages, and where it is going in the future.
3,761 words (approx. 15.0 pages), 18 sources, $ 103.95
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Abstract
This essay discusses the evolving meaning and nature of work over the ages, with an emphasis on current and future trends in this regard. It does this by first demonstrating how the meaning and nature that work played in ancient human societies changed over time. It then looks at some of the current trends in this regard. In doing this, it includes issues related to the global economy and e-commerce.
From the Paper
"Like most other complex constructs found in psychology, there is no one, all-encompassing definition of work. Drummond and Ryan (1995) claim that, historically, work has had a variety of meanings to people of different times and places. For this reason no formal definition of work can be provided. Let it suffice to say that, when one thinks of work, it is important to realise that work can occur outside of jobs (ie: housewives work, as do volunteers of all kinds). In fact, Isaacson and Brown (1997) put it well when they say that ?when thinking about work, it is not just the exertion of energy or effort, but it is the exertion aimed at the attainment of various objectives other than those pursued solely for pleasure or sport? (Isaacson & Brown, 1997, p6)"
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Evolving Hinduism, 2006.
This paper examines the history and rituals surrounding the religious practice of Bhagavad Gita which is a branch of Hinduism.
1,794 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the reasons and events that led to the introduction of Bhagavad Gita, which means 'Song of the Lord,' a religious branch of Hinduism. In the evolving world of Indian religion, the Bhagavad Gita, and with it the adulation of Vishnu, can be seen as a reaction to previous and concurrent forms of worship. The Bhagavad Gita built itself in partial opposition to the older teachings laid down in the Upanisads, yet another branch of Hinduism. The writer of this paper discusses the Bhagavad Gita's revolutionary text that grew out of the Hinduism that came before it and which compared favorably with emerging traditions in its own period. The writer of this paper examines the similarities and differences between the Upanisads, Vishnu and Bhagavad Gita belief systems as well as the historic significance of each form of religion.
From the Paper
"In its most basic form the Bhagavad Gita is exactly what the title translates to-'Song of the Lord'. Though in her introduction to the translation Barbara Stoler Miller writes that it is more of a "philosophical poem" than a song. This poem, then, relates the philosophical conversation of Arjuna the warrior and his chariot driver Krishna (an avatara of the god Visnu) on the battlefield. Divided into 'teachings' the poem moves through the methods in which one can best serve the lord god Visnu. Almost every teaching reiterates the ones that come before it in miniature and then elaborates the teaching from something old and recognizable into something new and reactionary."
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The Evolving Sonnet, 2007.
This paper discusses sonnets of different ages.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that for every age of poetry there has been a form of sonnet. The writer points out that the most well-known style of this poetic form is the Elizabethan sonnet, made famous by William Shakespeare. The writer then relates that the Victorian sonnet, while less well-known by the general public, was a favored form by an equally famous writer, Elizabeth Barrett Browning. The writer notes that the existence of the modern sonnet demonstrates the durability of this poetic form, as demonstrated in the work of Karen Volkman. The writer maintains that although the sonnet has evolved since its inception it remains a lovely and viable poetic form today.
Outline:
Elizabethan Sonnet
Victorian Sonnet
Modern Sonnet
Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Like Shakespeare's sonnets, Browning's poetry is very personal, although in this case the author's audience is known. The cycle selected for this assignment, "Sonnets from the Portuguese," addresses Browning's husband, relating her feelings in return for the affection that he shows to her."
"The first eight lines of Sonnet XXV represent the first stanza of the Petrarchan sonnet. They do not ask any question; rather, they state a fact: the poet's narrator was miserable until she met the man she loved. The final six lines, representing the sestet, expand upon this theme. Although Browning is often criticized as being excessive and sentimental, this style of writing characterized the period."
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An Evolving Greenberg, 2001.
An analysis of how the art critic Clement Greenberg's opinions changed over time.
1,590 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 0 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
By examining two of Greenberg's articles written 35 years apart, the writer explores this critic's changing attitudes towards art. The articles examined are "Avant-Garde and Kitsch? written in 1939 and ?Modernist Painting,? written in 1965.
From the Paper
"Clement Greenberg has over influenced the art world greatly with his ongoing criticism. In two of his essays written over 35 years apart, he presents two arguments which show his evolving opinion as the nature of art changes around him, despite (or perhaps because of) his outspoken opinions. The first article, from 1939, discusses exactly what the title indicates: ?Avant-Garde and Kitsch? and frames them in the social attitudes of the time. He criticizes kitsch, stating that avant-garde art, which is only understood by the cultural elite, is the one true art. The second is called ?Modernist Painting,? written in 1965. This piece seems to accept kitsch as part of our culture, and as part of Modernism. By analyzing the ramifications of what Greenberg says in these two essays, I am able to determine the relevance of his arguments from my own perspective, which is obviously different from his."
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The Evolving World of Music, 2008.
This paper looks at Neil Strauss' article "A Land with Rhythm and Beats for All" and offers a personal view on today's mixing of music styles.
702 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 25.95
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Abstract
The writer discusses how artists are joining together to produce a music style that integrates many different types of music. The writer examines Neil Strauss' "A Land with Rhythm and Beats for All," agreeing with Strauss' argument that hip-hop has a sound for everyone. The paper explains Strauss' assertion that artists are singing about their lives and personal situations, expressing the pain they have experienced in their lives. The writer disagrees, however, with Strauss' contention that the best hip-hop performers will always be black.
From the Paper
"Today's music has become rather evolved, mixing different sounds and styles together to create new forms of music. It has become rather difficult to find just one sound or type of music on a radio station these days. Neil Strauss, author of "A Land with Rhythm and Beats for All," says that he is in favor of this new mixing of music styles."
"I had a music appreciation class at Weber State and I agree with Strauss that hip-hop has had an influence on many different people. Even in the beginning, the blues had an enormous influence on other styles of music being created such as rock, etc. Hip hop is continuing to have an effect on music today. It is merging different styles together and creating new types of music."
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Evolving Payment Methods, 2006.
A look at the evolution of payment methods in use in the United States.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 2 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the various payment methods across the United States. These payment methods consist of paper currency, checks, traveler's checks, debit cards, credit cards and newer payment methods. The newer payment methods are typified by PayPal which is clearly becoming a widely used and accepted form of payment beyond its original use related solely to eBay purchases.
From the Paper
"Payment methods have evolved over time with and at the same pace as advances in technology. While physical currency is under no threat of disappearing in the near to mid-term, the changing buy and consumption habits of the United States' consumers is moving in tandem with evolving payment methods in a manner that makes physical currency seem less relevant. Some researchers describe this dynamic in the following manner: "All consumption activity has increasingly become technologically mediated over the past few decades. The shopping experience has been transformed by its technological infrastructure" (Lally, 2002, p.117). Increasingly, this technological mediation in the consumption experience is currency and payment related. No longer is cash considered king and many of the once cutting edge payment methods available to consumers are now considered quaint or archaic."
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An Analysis of Citibank and Its Role in the Evolving Market, 2002.
This paper looks at Citibank and its parent corporation Citigroup.
3,581 words (approx. 14.3 pages), 18 sources, MLA, $ 100.95
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Abstract
This paper is a profile and an analysis of Citibank, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Citigroup, now the entity for which financial data are reported. Citibank, always a dominant force in the banking industry in the United States, has become even more powerful following its merger with the Travelers Group to form Citigroup. This paper follows the history and growth of Citigroup.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
History of the Institution
Current Structure of the Institution
Current Operations
Market Share
Competitive Advantage
Response of Citibank and Other Major International Banks to the Y2K Issue
Financial Performance
Tables
Governmental Relations
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper
"City Bank grew rapidly throughout the twentieth century. By the 1980s, Citibank was a wholly-owned subsidiary of CitiCorp, a financial holding company formed by City Bank. At that time, the institution consistently ranked as the largest American bank when measured by total loans, and, more often than not, when measured by total assets. It was, however, generally referred to as the country?s second largest bank, because, when measured by total deposits, Bank of America was consistently ranked as the largest American bank. In 1999, Citicorp was replaced by Citigroup following the unprecedented merger of Citicorp and Travelers Insurance. The new company offers the widest array of financial services and products ever offered by a single company."
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Mars: An Evolving World, 2005.
An examination of the planet Mars as an object of our fascination, both past and present.
3,479 words (approx. 13.9 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 98.95
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Abstract
This paper describes the history of human observation of Mars, as well as the modern system of exploration and observation. The paper goes on to establish promotions and objections of future human development of Mars, as it would be accomplished through a process of terraforming.
Outline:
Physical Characteristics
History of Observation of Mars
Modern Martian Exploration
The 'Life on Mars' Debate
The Moons of Mars
Martian Geology
Terraforming Mars
From the Paper
"Mars, Ares, Tiw, the god of war; the red planet has been revered as the bringer or bloodshed with its red color in the sky, like the color of blood. The planet adjacent to Earth has been an object of mystery and wonder from the time the first human turned his head skyward, to the time when the first telescope was used to observe Mars and its mysterious "canals," to the present day, as humans continue to send spacecraft to the red planet to expand on existing knowledge."
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Terrorism in the 1990s: Evolving Dynamics, 2002.
A study of terrorism as the ultimate goal of the terrorist to obtain the desired commodity through drastic and often deadly means of force.
2,694 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 13 sources, APA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
The paper shows that defining the relationship that exists between political power and international relations is a task that draws its conclusion upon a very fine line. While both of these entities have direct association with each other, they also possess their own particular arrangement within the wide and varied scheme of bureaucratic function. The paper discusses how a strong nation needs the combination of power and government in order to enact any level of global politics; however, there does not necessarily have to be any sort of democratic considerations by which to reach that objective. The paper explains how this specific point speaks directly to the concept of distorted power and its relationship to the history of terrorism, a deceptive and coercive political ideology that impacts every sector of an otherwise civilized global society.
From the Paper
"The foremost aspect of war is that of force; if the element of force did not exist, there would be no motivation for battle. With this in mind, it is relatively easy to understand the notion of terrorism, inasmuch as the ultimate goal of any terrorist is to obtain the desired commodity through drastic and often deadly means of force. By understanding this obvious correlation, one can effectively argue that without the support of force on their side -- political, economic or cultural -- terrorists would not have the ability to pursue their violent protests. Part of the problem is that terrorist activity demands to be noticed, a fact that ultimately constitutes the need for force; however, if the terrorist is not acknowledged, this may lead to the need for even greater force in order to draw attention to the demands. And the incessant cycle continues."
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