| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "EVIDENCE CODE FORENSIC TEST": |
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Evidence Code - Forensic Test, 2006.
Describes a new method for identifying the sex of human skeletal remains.
2,990 words (approx. 12.0 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 103.95
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Abstract
This paper describes a new method for identifying the sex of human skeletal remains by measurement of the pubic symphysis length and width. It gives results of tests on 151 sets of remains of known sex, age and ancestry and looks at the differences between males and females.
From the Paper
" Human skeletal remains of known age sex and ancestry were used to measure the length and width of the pubic symphysis to determine if the measurements could be used for sex identification in the medico-legal context ..."
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Forensic Software Testing, 2005.
A product test of the software known as Zilla Data Nuker which shreds sensitive files so they cannot be recovered or undeleted.
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
Zilla Data Nuker uses what the company terms as "shredding algorithms" to obliterate data. The software is designed to be used to improve the functionality of a computer by deleting unnecessary files from the hard drive. The paper shows that Zillasoft also claims that the software can function to help protect the user's privacy by completely destroying information targeted by Zilla Data Nuker. The paper presents the results of performance testing on this software and discusses conclusions and recommendations.
Paper Outline:
Software Title
Software Functionality
Performance Testing
Results
Conclusions (Usefulness, Recommendations)
From the Paper
"Using a tool that operates with a GUI interface within the Windows environment such as Zilla Data Nuker has some inherent drawbacks. Some proponents of command line forensic tools "argue that most users really do not know what is going on when they 'point and click' their way around a computer forensic examination." (Kuchta, 2001) This may be a true statement but is somewhat beyond the scope of this text since the testing information is not being submitted in a legal proceeding. Conditions where the specifics regarding the process that the software uses to perform its function will often require software experts from the company that wrote the software to help solidify the reliability of the program in question."
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Genetic Testing: Forensic, Predictive and Carrier, 2008.
An examination of the goals and potential benefits of genetic testing in the areas of forensic testing, predictive testing and carrier testing.
1,147 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This work seeks to examine genetic testing in the light of the potential contribution of genetic testing specifically in the area of forensic testing, predictive testing and carrier testing. The paper first defines genetic testing and then discusses its goals. The paper then looks at the potential benefits that can be gained from using genetic testing.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Genetic Testing Defined
Use Of Genetic Screening
Guidelines For Genetic Testing
Mitochondrial DNA Sequencing
Forensics Genetic Testing
Summary And Conclusion
From the Paper
"Genetic testing applications offer great potential in today's society from early detection of disease, to exonerating the wrongfully accused, to identifying criminals that otherwise would have gone on to other commission of crimes, to paternity testing and the new possibility of correction of genetic abnormalities and this is only to list a few. Genetic testing has opened doors for scientific, medical health and prevention, and social advances in quality of life as well as water and food quality measures. Genetic testing is greatly beneficial in today's society."
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Forensic Evidence, 2004.
This paper discusses many aspects of forensic evidence and its impact on court decisions.
2,400 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper defines forensic evidence as the detailed analysis of things found at the crime scene, including apparently vague and elusive pieces of evidence, such as hair, fingerprints, body fluids, and handwriting. The author believes that forensic science suffers from numerous loopholes, structural problems, and technical weaknesses. The paper stresses that forensic evidence should not be treated as a credible or reliable source of information in many cases because one wrong finding can destroy the lives of many, as seen in some recent cases.
From the Paper
"Police have been using forensic science for decades now, but repeated blows to its credibility are likely to hamper its progress in future. For example, even though DNA analysis is one the most popular techniques being used by police but even this sophisticated methodology can give misleading results. World-renowned forensic scientist Dr. Henry Lee offers insight into why DNA evidence may not yield any answers at all in some cases, and why police cannot always depend on DNA samples to identify the offender."
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The Problem of the Small Sample of Forensic DNA, 2000.
This paper discusses the rather narrow issue of whether a judge has the authority to order employees of the New York City Office of Chief Medical Examiner to freeze laboratory testing on forensic DNA samples before the samples are consumed by testing.
1,525 words (approx. 6.1 pages), 20 sources, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the rather narrow issue of whether a judge has the authority to order employees of the New York City Office of Chief Medical Examiner to freeze laboratory testing on forensic DNA samples before the samples are consumed by testing. The paper discusses issues of state and federal evidence law, and briefly discusses DNA testing and how it is performed in New York City criminal investigations. The following are the sections of the paper, which is six pages long and cites to twenty different sources:
Question Presented
Short Answer
Discussion
State and Local Law
Federal and State Law
Conclusion
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Biological Trace Evidence, 2008.
A look at three different areas of biological trace evidence, forensic entomology, palynology and phytoplankton.
1,828 words (approx. 7.3 pages), 16 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how forensic entomology is the science and study of insects and other arthropods associated with human remains to aid legal investigations. It also looks at how palynology is a term first used by Hyde and Williams (1944) for the collective study of pollen, grains and spores. This discipline has since been expanded into the study of other acid-resistant micro organisms. Finally, the paper also discusses how phytoplankton are the autotrophic component of plankton which exist in water columns. Phytoplankton obtain energy from photosynthesis so live on the well lit surface of oceans, seas, rivers and/or lakes. It shows how all three disciplines are useful to forensic science. Photographs and diagrams are included in the paper.
Outline:
Introduction
Forensic Entomology
Successional Waves of Insects
Maggots Age and Development
Forensic Palynology
Phytoplankton
References
From the Paper
"Flowering angiosperms completely submerged in water release their pollen and rely upon currents in the water to transport it from the male anther to female stigma of a neighbouring flower. This method, similarly to wind pollination is very hit and miss. It is therefore logical that these types of plants have high productivity of pollen, with each anther producing 1000s. These underwater plants produce pollen types which have a single layered cellulose wall it is very rarely preserved in lake sediments and therefore they are of little use."
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Analysis of Trace Evidence, 2008.
This paper looks at the issue of forensic botany and discusses sunflower seed samples found at a crime scene to be used as evidence.
1,639 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that as forensic botany integrates deeper into the legal world, more controversy stirs on just how reliable the science is. The writer discusses that forensic botany can be used in the analysis of plant evidence found at a crime scene, and the findings of that analysis can then be used as corroborating evidence in a court of law. The writer looks at a case in which a sample of sunflower seeds was found at the scene of a crime, and another collected from the secondary crime scene; the suspect's home. The writer notes that in the analysis if these two samples, using statistical methods proves the data is similar, then the it is most likely the suspect has committed the crime. A difference was found in the seed samples, and the writer therefore maintains that the evidence can be used, in contrast, along with other corroborating evidence to exonerate the suspect. This paper includes charts.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Materials and Methods
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"This method is used when there are different sets of data to be tested, therefore a general assumption must be made in the form of a null and alternative hypothesis. As previously stated, the null hypothesis assumes that the samples of data being analysed are the same. In terms of this case, that would mean that the suspect would have, indeed, committed the crime. In order to either prove or disprove this assumption, specific statistical tests were run, and yielded an opposing result. The t-values for the seed values are shown to be much larger than the critical t value of 1.981, as well as the p-values were much lower than 0.05. This indicated that the null hypothesis be rejected,lack of similarity, proving that the data was, in fact, different.
"Though the statistical tests give a clear verdict of the seed comparison, comparing the data visually would also suggest a significant difference in the samples as well. Sunflower seeds are used for many different purposes."
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Forensic Computer Investigation, 2006.
This paper details the science of forensic computer investigations, which is an approach used by computer professionals to discover hidden and lost information from a storage device or media source.
1,435 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the field of forensic computer investigations which is effectively used to trace illegal and unethical activities of employees, as well as tracking down various cyber-related criminals. Forensic computer investigation is a scientific approach to legal investigations and is used when trying to find evidence against those suspected of criminal activities. Forensic computer investigations are also used when trying to recover accidentally deleted or lost data. This paper details the various methods of collecting, preserving and analyzing forensic evidence.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Approach to Forensic Investigation
Interviewing and Examining the Evidence
Collection and Protection of the Evidence
Preparing for Analysis
Concluding the Investigation
Works Cited
From the Paper
"The first step in a forensic computer analysis is to interview the investigators and the victims of a particular investigation. Interviews with the investigators and the victims help the analyst to gain a deeper understanding of the incident, learn about the results of investigation, about the views and concerns of the victims and the true nature of the incident. In addition to this, the analyst should also gather information about the information system or the computer involved in the incident, the suspects and the most probable lawsuit to be filed. Although, interviews are a preliminary step and often do not require too much allocation of time but they are the most important aspect of an investigation because they form the basis for the overall investigation."
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Radio-diagnostic Imaging in Forensic Medicine, 2006.
A paper on the role of radio-diagnostic imaging in forensic medicine and forensic investigation.
1,285 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the use of radio-diagnostic imagery instead of the more standard form of autopsy in forensic medicine. The paper examines the pros and cons of using images provided by machinery such as MRIs instead of the information provided by the more invasive autopsy procedure. The paper discusses the accuracy of radio-diagnostic imagery compared with its less technologically advanced counterpart in determining causes of death. The author concludes that while radio-diagnostic imaging can be useful in forensic medicine, it can not yet replace traditional autopsy.
Table of Contents:
Objective
Introduction
Negative Findings in the use of Radio-diagnostic Imaging in Forensic Medicine
Positive Findings in the use of Radio-diagnostic Imaging in Forensic Medicine
Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"There has been an increase in the use of MRI in forensics in making a diagnosis when death involved either injury or disease. Stated to be one of the: "main criticisms of the use of MRI as an alternative to conventional autopsy is the lack of validation of this imaging technique." This is due to the mixed results that have been reported related to MRI post mortem examinations in the fields of neuropathology and paediatrics."
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Forensic Chemistry, 2004.
An overview of the different types of forensic methods used to help solve crimes.
1,322 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
With advances in technology and research in forensics, crime solving has become a lot easier in recent years. Evidence gathered by forensic experts could be both biological (blood, bodily fluids, etc.) and inorganic (poisonous substances, etc.). This paper discusses various issues on the subject of forensic chemistry and how they help solve crimes. The paper refers to the Australian legal system.
Paper Outline
Introduction
Forensic Evidence
Cause of Death
DNA Profiling
Ink Dating
Legal Validity
Trace Evidence
Bibliography
From the Paper
"DNA evidence was submitted in three criminal cases in Australia. It was challenged in two of those cases but it was found that the DNA evidence was admissible. However, there have been cases where DNA wasn?t admissible, as it was found not having being treated with care. The evidence had not been handled carefully due to sloppy work. In another case, the investigator had accidentally sneezed over the evidence, which made it hard for the forensics department to track the culprit."
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Forensic Use of DNA in Criminal Cases, 2005.
An overview of forensic use of DNA and why, at times, the use of DNA evidence in criminal case is problematic.
3,482 words (approx. 13.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 98.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses, in some detail, the way in which DNA is used for forensic purposes. The paper discusses DNA typing functions, its historical use in forensics and prosecution, the possible mistakes which may be made or encouraged by DNA typing, and the future of DNA in criminal and civic cases.
What is Forensics?
How DNA is Collected
How DNA is Read
Problems With DNA
Problems With DNA
From the Paper
"The forensic use of DNA has become widely accepted in America today as providing error-proof evidence for criminal cases. Many convictions are made on the strength of DNA evidence alone, and some fewer number of accused "criminals" have been cleared of all charges on the account of late-discovered DNA evidence. Depending entirely on one's perspective, DNA sequencing may be either a godsend or one of the most serious threats to an objective justice system to have surfaced in a hundred years. On the one hand, DNA evidence can accurately link a suspect to physical evidence left at the murder scene with a striking accuracy, with the probability for error being only one in five million when considered a (genetically) average suspect and an average gene pool."
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Inadequacy of Forensic Hair Analysis, 2006.
An in-depth study of forensic hair analysis and its role in crime solving.
5,774 words (approx. 23.1 pages), 45 sources, MLA, $ 138.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes forensic hair analysis, and traditional evidentiary methodologies, concluding that although forensic hair analysis is often instrumental to crime solving, it is essentially inadequate unless extensive nuclear and mitochondrial DNA analysis is also conducted and considered. It also discusses technological advances in this area, and the future of DNA testing in the United States.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
History of Forensic Hair Analysis
Hair Analysis: The Process
DNA Testing
Forensic Hair Analysis and DNA Analysis
DNA Testing Compliance
Comparison of Hair Examination and other Evidentiary Methodologies
Future Advances in DNA Testing
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The science of hair comparison has been used in thousands of criminal cases all over the United States for decades. Hair, because of its widespread presence at crime scenes, has great evidentiary value in forensic science. Even if a suspect has tried to clean the crime scene of any evidence such as personal possessions, fingerprints or footprints, hair strands always seem to stick in the matter found in that area. Since hair is so personal to individuals, it serves as a great indicator of who was there. The forensic testing of hair strands has very early roots. It was first used as evidence in 1861, but did not gain scientific acceptance until after the turn of century, and public acceptance until the late 1950's. During this time the public acceptance of hair testing was widespread, and police received enormous support for any evidence consisting of hair strands."
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Forensic Science and Police Work, 2002.
This research paper studies the role of forensic science in police work over the last fifty years.
2,520 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
The article outlines the development of forensic science over the past 50 years and its growing contribution to crime solving. It also presents some case studies of court cases and deals with the roll of forensic evidence in the courtroom. The author points out that until DNA testing was introduced in the early 1980s the main form of forensic identification was fingerprinting which is not accepted by all as valid evidence.
From the Paper
"Though forensic science has been aiding police work for a long time, it is only in the last two decades that it gained any real prominence. With better technologies being adopted by police departments worldwide, forensic evidence stands a better chance of entering formal investigations. But while these technologies have helped accentuate the significance of forensic science, they have also played a dominant role in discrediting forensic evidence. For example finger printing which is the oldest form of forensic evidence is widely being considered part of junk science that should be kept out of the court. Similarly no case involving DNA matching as primary evidence has ever made it to the Supreme Court in the United States."
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Forensic Tools and Methods, 2005.
This paper is a literature review to identify and analyze current forensic science tools and methods and to extrapolate future tends for this field based on this analysis.
3,205 words (approx. 12.8 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 92.95
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Abstract
This paper relates that the criminal justice system depends on scientific evidence for investigating and prosecuting crimes and uses a wide range of tools and techniques to achieve their goals of identifying who is responsible and the extent of the violation in such a manner that the results are admissible in a legal proceeding. The author stresses that forensic science has emerged as a dynamic and increasingly important field of investigation for both private enterprises and governmental agencies. The paper relates that, while the field continues to evolve in response to newly identified threats and innovations in digital technology, the legal requirements of forensic science must be maintained and the resulting evidence must satisfy the requirements of Rule 702 of the Federal Rules of Evidence.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Purpose of the Study
Research Methods and Procedures Used
Review and Discussion
Background and Overview
Forensic Science Tools and Methods
Current and Future Trends
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Generally speaking, forensic science is the application of scientific knowledge to legal problems or proceedings; from a law enforcement perspective, forensic science is primarily concerned with testing physical and biological evidence to determine objective facts about what happened, when it happened, and who was involved (Davis, Jackson & Schwab, 2001). Therefore, forensic science capability is important because it may yield information that is more accurate, precise, and reliable than eyewitness testimony or even confessions; this information, in turn, can provide prosecutors with an improved chance for success in terms of both investigations and trials in determining the facts of the case."
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Forensic Computer Investigation, 2006.
An analysis of the process of retrieving hidden information from storage devices for forensic investigations.
1,430 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper explores forensic computer investigation, a scientific approach used by computer professionals to discover hidden and lost information from a storage device or media. As the paper explains, this approach is most typically used in criminal investigations. The paper explains the technical, forensic process and presents the legal issues involved in the practice.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Approach to Forensic Investigation
Interviewing and Examining the Evidence
Collection and Protection of the Evidence
Preparing for Analysis
Concluding the Investigation
From the Paper
"With the advent of information technology, organizations have developed effective systems and methods for information management in order to improve their overall performance and productivity. Considering the highly competitive market environment, organizations realize the fact that information is an extremely important asset and availability of timely and useful information is essential for an organization's long term survival and growth. However, it should also be noted that this information should be kept confidential. Security of information is a growing concern among organizations because transfer of company's private information to its competitors or any other outer source can lead to serious losses and can even brings its survival at stake. It should also be noted that majority of the end users of a computer information system are not fully aware of the complexities of the system. Therefore, an inexpert user of the information system can damage the system by deleting important files or by unintentionally or intentionally crashing the computer. (Vacca & Erbschloe)"
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