| Papers [1-15] of 100 :: [Page 1 of 7] | | Go to page : 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 —> | Search results on "EUROPEAN POPULATION GROWTH": |
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European Population Growth, 2003.
A study of the growing population during the eighteenth century in Europe.
2,510 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the reasons for European population growth in the eighteenth century with a focus on Britian and the industrial revolution. The paper shows how the development of new technology and the establishment of more efficient production methods and a higher standard of living, resulted in a decrease in the mortality rate. The paper also shows how the might, success and growth of the industrial economy was able to continue fueling the process of population growth throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, while new capitalist orientated theories put forward by Adam Smith advanced and galvanized the process.
From the Paper
"Through the development of new technology and the establishment of more efficient production methods, a higher standard of living was achieved resulting in a decrease in the mortality rate. It is arguable that the increasing industrialization of Europe led to a new social order whereby younger marriage became an advantage and therefore birth rates were able to increase. Furthermore the new economy of an industrializing Europe lent itself to supporting the massive increases in population, while at the same time keeping living conditions stable in the short-term and improving them in long-term. Changes in economic, political and social theory developed by Adam Smith allowed firstly Britain and then other countries in Europe to embrace the Industrial Revolution and appreciate the economic value that an increased population could give a nation."
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The European Population Crisis pre-1348, 2007.
An analysis of whether mortality levels during the Black Death were partly as a result of the European population crisis pre-1348.
1,907 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper presents the evidence that suggests that there was a population crisis in Europe pre-1348. It then discusses if the high mortality levels during the Black Death were partly as a result of that crisis. It specifically explores whether, despite nearly a century of declining growth, the overall trend of rising people numbers triggered raised mortality rates per population.
From the Paper
"Therefore, as has been stated throughout, there was, undeniably, a population crisis pre-1348. The debate remains, however, as to what form this took. The weight of evidence seems to show that due to a number of inter-related and cumulative factors, the European peasantry faced large mortality rates long before the Black Death. Over-population meant most peasants were inhabiting smaller plots of land, facing a consequential reduction in nourishment and ultimately, a lower standard of living. Moreover, as the population increased and marginal lands of less arable value were used, there were 'rising rents on the more arable land' and 'even poor land was going up in price' , reducing the purchasing power of the peasantry. Zvi and Fiumi are the primary detractors from this view. However, both are limited in their geographical scope and neither provides conclusive proof for the theories of increasing population up to 1348 or the benefits of thirteenth century growth. Whether the Black Death solved the population crisis is debatable, but the improving conditions for the peasantry that followed it - such as increased plots and wages - serve as a useful juxtaposition to early fourteenth century conditions; a proof that a population crisis did exist before 1348."
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Growth of the European Union ( EU ), 2002.
A trace of the the history and development.
2,925 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 4 sources, $ 103.95
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Abstract
Traces the history and development. Formation of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC). Expansion of ECSC into common market and then the European Economic Community. Evolvement into EU with its own flag, currency (Euro), common body of commercial law and regulation. EU geographic expansion. Political differences. Growth in scope of the EU. Concept of Leuropean integration.
From the Paper
"Expanding Europe
From the European Coal and Steel Community to the European Union
The growth of the European Union over half a century has been a curiously bifurcated process. On the one hand, it has been gradual and incremental. Its course of development began modestly with the formation of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) in 1952 (Dinan, 1999, pp. 1-2). As the name suggests, the scope of the ECSC's activities was limited to the coal and steel industries. Its geographical scope was considerably more limited than "European" might suggest, since it then embraced only Germany, France, Italy, and the three "Benelux" countries of Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg."
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European Communities and the European Court of Justice, 1990.
This paper examines the role of the European Court of Justice in the political integration of the member states of the European Communities: European cooperation in economics, national interests, law and integration of actions and policies.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 11 sources, $ 55.95
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From the Paper
"This research examines the role of the European Court of Justice in the political integration of the member states of the European Communities. The Court of Justice is a body of the European Communities. There are several sub-communities of the European Communities, of which the most widely known is the European Economic Community.
Integration in Europe
Within the context of international regional integration, there are five levels--(a) free-trade area, (b) customs union, (c) common market, (d) economic union, and (e) political union (Grosse & Kujawa, 1988). Each successive level involves a greater degree of integration. At the lowest level of integration, the free-trade area, tariffs are eliminated on the ... "
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Case Study: Non European Union (EU) or European Union, 2008.
Discusses the European Union (EU) and its individual markets as a potential target market for entry by a foreign enterprise as well as a non-member market.
1,785 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This analysis examines the characteristics of two specific target countries for potential market entry by a foreign enterprise. The two countries examined are a non-EU member country which is Indonesia and an EU member state which is Spain. Additionally, the benefits and disadvantages of such countries vis-a-vis individual company acquisitions or joint venture targets are discussed.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Country Analysis
Overview
Target Country One--Indonesia
Cultural
Trading Blocs and Related Data
Major Currencies
Fund Repatriation and Exchange Rate Risks
Target Country Two--Spain
Cultural
Trading Blocs and Related Data
Major Currencies
Fund Repatriation and Exchange Rate Risks
European Union Membership Versus
Non-Membership
The EU Market Environment
Non-EU Market Disadvantages
Business and Commerce in EU Markets
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The most important regional trading blocs related to this project are ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations). Indonesia reported a trade surplus with Japan of $9,018m, $5,096m with the United States, and $1,958m with China as recently as 2000 which indicative a strong export economy (Indonesia, 2006). These and its other total exports formed the equivalent of $57.4b worth of exports in 2001. Its current account stands at $6,899m and balance on goods of $22,695 while its balance on services totals a deficit of -$10,380m . Regional barriers to trade are minimal."
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The Europeanization Process.
This paper is a research project which discusses the Europeanization of Europe through the European Union (EU).
15,550 words (approx. 62.2 pages), 41 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper studies the concept of Europeanization by examining the geo-social framework in which this process is taking place, along several key dimensions, including labor, immigration and refugees; financial and securities and legal considerations. The author uses a methodology that includes an interpretive approach to the scholarly literature followed by an analysis of relevant statistical data, which are indicative of the key dimensions being investigated to identify past, current and future trends in the Europeanization process. The paper relates that the research clearly showed that, in sharp contrast to the United States being the "melting pot" of the world, the nations of Europe have historically been fiercely proud of their unique and distinct cultural and political heritages, making the transition to an integrated political and economic entity all the more problematic. Many charts and tables.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of Study
Scope of Study
Rationale of Study
Overview of Study
Review of Related Literature
Background and Overview
Areas of European Harmonization
Labor, Immigration and Refugees
Finance and Securities
Advantage:
Disadvantages
Legal
Methodology
Data Analysis
Labor and Immigration
Finance and Securities
Legal
Synthesis
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
Summary
Conclusion
Recommendations
From the Paper
"Although these are the same types of forces that have historically fueled societal growth around the world, the EU appears to be experiencing them in more profound and pervasive ways than have ever been experienced before. As a result, the integration of the European community has continued its rocky but relentless course throughout the last decade of the 20th century, including the creation of a European Union and a single currency in the 1992 Maastricht Treaty, as well as the subsequent deepening of integration in the 1997 Amsterdam Treaty which extended the use of qualified majority voting and the delegation of powers to supranational institutions. However, a recurring preoccupation over such projects of European unification, both popularly and in academia, has been the issue of the grounds for furthering the concept of common sense of belonging in throughout the Europe Union today."
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Economic Growth Models, 2004.
This paper discusses economic growth models, especially the Solow-Swan model and the New Growth Theory models.
2,940 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the neoclassical growth model, also known as the Solow-Swan model, was considered the basis of any research on economic growth; however, the neoclassical model treated technological progress as an exogenous factor to the model, and this led to some puzzles that it could not answer. The author points out that the endogenous model that appeared in the 1980s stressed the importance of immaterial resources that had an impact on economic growth, resources such as human capital and R&D that improved technological progress and increased economic growth; the subsequent models that followed were included in the New Growth Theory trend and endogenized economic growth. The paper examines three cases of fiscal policy using government spending as growth determinants: increased government expenditures without raising taxes, tax reduction without reducing government expenditure, and increased government expenditure with constant taxes. Economic notation used.
Table of Contents
The Solow-Swan Neoclassical Growth Model
The New Growth Theory and Endogenous Models
Fiscal Policy and Government Spending as Growth Determinants
Literature Review
From the Paper
"We should take a closer look at these statements starting from the Cobb-Douglas production function Y = AKaL1-a. The idea is to endogenize the exogenous factor A. In order to do so, let?s frst write a Cobb-Douglas production function for each individual firm:
Yi = Ai Ki aLi 1-a. Concerned with the factor Ai, Arrows argued that this is represents knowledge and learning accumulated in the society throughout time with collective investments and is a common and free good to all firms. How is it accumulated? Arrow relates this accumulation to the aggregate capital in an economy by the function Ai = Gz,
where G signifies the capital accumulation, which will be used in a proportion equal to z by the firm. Following in the Cobb-Douglas individual production function, Yi = Gz Ki aLi 1-a. Note that in this equation, K, L and Y are individual firm-related, while G is economy wide, as we have agreed above. If we consider that at an aggregate level, G = K, then our equation becomes Y = K a+z L 1-a."
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European Union, 2006.
A review of the European Union's communities and policies.
2,001 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper takes a brief look at the various European Union's economic policies, such as the European Economic Community and the European Monetary Union. According to the paper, the EU has maintained the momentum of its internal economic integration agenda.
Outline:
Activities of the EEC
Structure Of European Union
European Council
European Commission
Functioning of the EEC
European Monetary Union
Common Market Policy
EURO - The New World Currency
The Current Scenario in the European Union
From the Paper
"Regional Development Policy: The objectives of the Regional Development Policy of the EEC is to promote balanced development of the member countries by reducing regional disparities and by developing rapidly the backward regions. To achieve this objective, the EEC provides financial assistance for the development of the backward regions of the member countries. The Financial assistance is provided through."
"European Investment Bank: EEC established this bank in 1958. It provides loans and guarantees the loans raised by the member countries for the development of the backward regions. It grants loans for modernization, conversion and development projects that are beyond the financial abilities of the member governments. It also provides loans for the projects in which member governments have common interest."
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Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Economic Growth, 2006.
An analysis of the relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth in the Czech Republic.
10,937 words (approx. 43.7 pages), 100 sources, APA, $ 216.95
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Abstract
Foreign direct investment (FDI) has increased rapidly over the past years, especially after the promotion of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World Bank. The aim of this paper is to examine whether there is a positive relationship between FDI and the economic growth in the Czech Republic, with special emphasis on technology and productivity spillovers. It focuses especially on two hypotheses, in the form of a case study. The first hypothesis is that technological and productivity spillover from FDI can lead to an increase in economic growth in the Czech Republic. The second hypothesis is that the Czech government can be an extra incentive for economic growth. Formulas show different solutions to different questions in economic growth. The paper discusses the Keynes' GDP model, the purchasing power parity (PPP), as well as Solow's total factor productivity (TFP) and multi factor productivity (MFP) and Cob-Douglas elastic growth equation, that includes technology development into the equation.
Outline
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Economic Growth and FDI
Inflows to the Czech Republic
1.2 Introduction to Relevant Theoretic
And Empirical Studies
1.3 Research Aims and Objectives
1.4 Chapter Review
Chapter 2: Literature Review
2.1 FDI vs. Economic Growth
2.1.1 Technology and Productivity Spill Over
Transfers through FDI
2.1.2 Employment Creation:
2.1.3 Capital
2.1.4 Export
2.2 Other Factors vs. Economic Growth
2.2.2 Government Expenditure
2.2.3 Population Size
2.2.4 Openness
2.3 Conclusion
2.3.1 Role of the Literature in the Dissertation
Chapter 3 Methodology
3.1 Research Methodology Method:
H.1.1) There Has Been Economic
Growth in the Czech Republic.
H.1.2) Technology and Productivity
Spillovers Apply To The Czech Republic.
3.2 Conclusion
Chapter 4: Data
4.1 Data Collection
4.2 Data Analysis Keynes
GDP Equation
World Bank PPP Equation
Solow TFP Equation
Solow MFP Equation
Cob-Douglas Equation
Chapter 5: Conclusion
5.1.1 The First Objective Is To Give A
General Understanding of FDI
And Economic Growth
5.1.2 Second Is To Discuss According To A
Case Study Spillovers of FDI into the Czech Market
5.1.3 Thirdly, How the Czech Government
Can Be an Extra Incentive for Economic Growth
5.2 Boundaries and Constraints
5.3 Need for Further Research is Recognized
From the Paper
"Multinational companies (MNCs) find it profitable to invest abroad because they own specific assets, one of which is the multinational's access to better production technology. (Caves, 1996) The role of transaction costs in the development of MNCs is seen as very important by McManus. Transaction costs can arise when transferring goods and or services, which can be a lot of money that is not necessary. When a MNC invests in a foreign market it overcomes those costs. (McManus1987) The relation between income inequality in Local Domestic Companies (LDCs) and FDIs is seen as a generally positive by Tsai. (Tsai 1995)"
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The European Neighborhood Policy (ENP), 2007.
This paper is an extensive literature review of the European Neighborhood Policy (ENP) of the European Union, especially with regard to the inclusion of Georgia.
15,620 words (approx. 62.5 pages), 45 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that European Neighborhood Policy (ENP) was developed to combat some of the European security issues that exist in Europe. Authorities believe that the ENP would enhance the European Union's ability to secure the region against terrorism and would help promote the economy and overall quality of life of the region. The author points out that originally the ENP applied to its direct neighbors: Algeria, Belarus, Egypt, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Moldova, Morocco, the Palestinian Authority, Syria, Tunisia and Ukraine. Later, however, it was extended to include the countries of the Southern Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia) with whom the present candidate countries, Bulgaria, Romania and Turkey, share either a maritime or land border. The paper concludes that by eradicating terrorists or criminal activities and by strengthening the political and justice systems in the country, the ENP will be helpful to Georgia. The paper includes many quotations.
Table of Contents:
Introduction to Study
Introduction
Background/ History
Theoretical Framework
European Integration Theory
Social Theory and International Negotiation Theory
Literature Review
Purpose of the EU
EU Pursues Two Main Types of Policies towards the Rest of the World
Economic Policies
Foreign and Security Policies through the Common Foreign and Security Policy and Defense Policy Cooperation
Enlargement
Development of ENP
ENP Framework: Objectives, Principles and Instrument
European Security Strategy as a Foundation of ENP
The European Neighborhood Policy
Trade and Competitiveness
Development
Strategic Relations, Political Dialogue and CFSP
EU-Georgia Relations
From Partnership to Neighborhood and beyond Neighborhood Policy
EU-Georgia Partnership and Cooperation Agreement
Analysis
Looking at the Neighborhood from Georgian Perspective
Why is ENP Important for EU and for Georgia?
The Military Sector
The Economic Sector
The Education Sector
The Environmental Sector
The Society Sector
The Political Sector
How Sectors are Synthesized
EU Interests towards Black Sea Region: Why Georgia Matters?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"According to the commission's report these agreements permit the expansion of cooperation and economic amalgamation across a variety of domains. The effects of these agreements have not been realized at the current time. In any case, the ENP provides a foundation for improved cooperation in many distinct domains so that the EU and its partners can realize the full benefit of the structures that are in place (European Neighborhood Policy). To this end, the Action Plans will establish key priorities to be tackled in the years to come."
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The European Economic Community.
This paper discusses the history of the European Economic Community (EEC), organized in 1958, which predated the European Union (EU), organized in 1992, especially the positions of Germany and the U.K. (Britain).
2,125 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the European Economic Community (EEC) was established to lower custom barriers between European countries and to create greater political cohesion and ultimately an economic entity, which would increase Europe's power in the world market. The author points out that the major reasons Germany, which was more familiar with federalism, wanted the states of Europe to join together as a European federal state were: (1) The quicker the integration process, the shorter time period needed for Germany to overcome the loss of the war and the status of being the 'loser' of the war and (2) if a European union would control all members, then there would be less or even complete avoidance of discrimination towards Germany by other nations. The paper stresses that the major reasons Britain, on the other hand, did not want to be a part of a united Europe were: (1) They viewed unification as a European super-state being run by the Britain's oldest rivals French and German and (2) Britain, having had a stable democracy for many centuries and never having been subject to totalitarian rule, saw themselves as different and unlike any fellow European member.
From the Paper
"At the end of the Second World War, Europe was devastated and economically exhausted, and its most urgent need was to restore its economy. In this situation two great powers, the United States and the Soviet Union, uneasily confronted each other across Europe. Europe would be organized in such a way that war between Western European countries could not recur. There was an urgent need to construct war shattered economies that led the countries of Western Europe to begin working together. Finally, after long and complicated negotiations, the "Treaty establishing the European Economic Community (EEC) was signed in Rome on March 25, 1957 and came into affect in January, 1958." (Palmer and Lambert, 1968, 33). What this Treaty established was a European free trade eliminating all tariffs on trades between members of the EEC, which included Belgium, Netherlands, Italy, France, Luxembourg, and the Federal Republic of Germany."
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Australian Land: Aborigines vs. Europeans, 2006.
This paper explores the differences in conceptions of land ownership between the Australian Aborigines and the European colonists.
1,998 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the Aborigines of Australia who are said to have arrived on the continent over 50,000 years ago, blending into the already existent population and thus creating perhaps the most physically diverse population in the world. This paper details the differences in conceptions of land ownership between the Australian Aborigines and European colonists. The writer of this paper describes how the Aborigines had developed their own society, culture and rules for land ownership which were inexcusably overlooked by the European invaders. When Europe began to encroach upon the territories of the Aborigines, the latter group simply adapted resourcefully and made new claims. This paper explores the various countries and nations that laid claim to Australia, including the Dutch, British and Spain While the Aborigines claimed Australia through ancestral travels, the Dutch and British justified their possession by initial landing rights and the Spanish laid their claim based on religious doctrine. The British extended their claim to the entire continent by 1826 with the stroke of a legislative pen. This writer of this paper describes how the conflict was furthermore exacerbated by the fact that Aborigines and Europeans had differing conceptions of private property.
From the Paper
"Although the Aborigines lived according to such ancient beliefs for thousands of years, their fate would soon be doomed according to a very different system of territorial claims formulated 10000 miles away, in Europe. While the Aborigines justifiably had divided Australian lands into their own territories, the newly 'discovered' continent would soon come into a three-way struggle for possession as Britain, Holland, and Spain each claimed Australia separately, none of these claims based on right of ancestors, but on religious, economic, and political rationales. The Spanish and Portuguese, in search of southern trade routes and the legendary Terra Australis, had touched on the continent of Australia."
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The Growth of McDonald's Restaurants, 2008.
A look at the growth of McDonald's fast food restaurants into Eastern European countries.
869 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper charts the expansion of McDonald's chain of fast-food restaurants into Eastern Europe. The paper looks at how, in entering new markets, McDonald's has had to consider various cultural differences that affect how consumers view food, what they will and will not buy, and other issues necessary to conducting business in the former Iron Curtain countries.
From the Paper
"McDonald's chain of fast-food restaurants is the largest fast-food operation in the U.S., and the company has been expanding into other territories for many years. With the fall of the Soviet Union, new possibilities for expansion opened up in the Eastern bloc, territory long closed to Western business and now targeted by companies like McDonald's. in entering this new market, however, McDonald's has had to consider various cultural differences that affect how consumers view food, what they will and will not buy, and other issues necessary to conducting business in the former Iron Curtain countries.
"The company actually entered the Eastern countries before the fall of the Soviet Union, starting with two restaurants in Yugoslavia in 1986 under a fifty-fifty joint-venture agreement. That entry was budgeted at $2.5 million. A similar agreement with Hungary followed, with plans for five outlets in Belgrade ("McDonald's Entry in Eastern Europe" paras. 1-3)."
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The European Central Bank and the Interest Rate for Europe., 2002.
A look at the effect of the eurodollar and the European Central Bank on European interest rates.
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 10 sources, $ 106.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the economic impact of the eurodollar and the European Central Bank in relation to the development of an interest rate for European economies. Described here as a "mega-bank," the European Central Bank is critically evaluated as a high-risk economic institution that is also suspect in advancing the eventual assimilation of independent European countries.
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Conditions of Economic Growth and the Asia-Pacific Region, 2002.
A study of the preconditions and policies required for economic growth and why some Asia-Pacific countries have failed to achieve sustainable long-term growth.
1,030 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 28 sources, APA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
A study into why certain Asia-Pacific countries such as Cambodia fail to reach long-term economic growth and an explanation of the conditions and policies needed in an economic climate to achieve this growth.
The paper covers the following topics:
Preconditions for faster economic growth
Policies for faster economic growth
Asia Pacific LDCs (Least Developed Countries) & Cambodia
The paper is filled with examples and recent statistics of countries including USA, Australia, Taiwan, Europe, Japan, Cambodia, and Asia-Pacific LDCs in general.
From the Paper
"According to McTaggart et al, there are several pre-conditions for economic growth. One of which is the existence of an institutional framework that is crucial to the creation of incentives. This institutional framework included markets (supply and demand), property rights, facilities for monetary exchange, as well as simple and transparent regulatory systems (1999: 32.7). Market prices send signals to buys and sellers that create incentives to increase or decrease the quantities demanded and supplied. Markets also enable people to specialise and trade and to save and invest. Property rights are the social arrangements that govern the ownership, use and disposal of factors of production and goods and services (McTaggart et al, 1999:32.17). They include the rights to physical property, to financial property and to intellectual property. The existence of property rights and their enforcement by the law provide people with certainty in their business dealings and hence they help provide macroeconomic stability and a pre-condition for growth."
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