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European Influence on Native American Tribes, 2006.
This paper examines the continuing and devastating impact the Europeans, particularly the English, have had on the Native American people.
1,084 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The writer of paper explores the current situation affecting the majority of the once proud Native Americans who now suffer from alcohol and substance abuse as well as declining general health. This paper historically details the life of Native Americans prior to the arrival of the English. The Native Americans lived in relative harmony with their surroundings and as contributing members to the land. This paper examines how the arrival of the English brought with them domination and a disrespect for the harmonious way of life the Native Americans had adopted. This paper discusses the fact that the English introduced alcohol to the Native-Americans. Prior to the introduction of alcohol the natives were seen as fit, athletic and lean people, whereas the people of today are often seen as obese and sickly. The writer contends and explains why alcohol is not the only problem introduced by the Europeans. This paper examines the the cultural genocide that has occurred among the natives who suffer from higher than average death rates, higher tuberculosis rates and a generally poor overall level of health.
From the Paper
"Alcohol abuse is no the only problem introduced by the Europeans; today as a result of the cultural genocide that has occurred among the Native Americans, people living in these communities often suffer from higher than average general death rates, higher infant mortality and childhood death rates, higher tuberculosis rates and a general poor overall level of health regardless of ones age. In addition there is a generally inaccessibility to adequate health care facilities and a tremendous lack of preventive programs for health improvement among the population, all of which can contribute to an increased abuse of alcohol and other addictive substances. Most natives probably content themselves with living an impoverished lifestyle and have to turn to substances to take their mind off of the poor quality of life and healthy they must endure day after day."
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Native American Tribes, 2006.
An examination in detail of the Potawatomi tribe.
1,651 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
In this paper, the author looks at the origins of Native American tribes. In particular he looks at the Potawatomi tribe who has a lot of history affiliated with the state of Michigan. The author examines the early history of the Potawatomi tribe from their first origins in the area as far back as 1600. The paper examines the meaning of the name Potawatomi which is a translation of the Ojibwe "potawatomink" meaning "people of the place of fire", and looks at alternate names that have been given to this tribe. The author identifies special characteristics of this tribe and looks at their population growth over the years. In conclusion, the author looks at the modern day Potawatomi tribe and what they have achieved. He comments that they have assimilated into American society and that a general governing body has been set up to try and bring them back to their roots and make sure their original reservation land remains in their hands.
From the Paper
"Shortly after the French built Fort Ponchartrain at Detroit in 1701, groups of Potawatomi settled nearby. By 1716 most Potawatomi villages were located in an area between Milwaukee to Detroit. During the 1760s they expanded into northern Indiana and central Illinois. Land cessions to the Americans began in 1807 and during the next 25 years drastically reduced their territory. Removal west of the Mississippi occurred between 1834 and 1842. The Potawatomi were removed in two groups: the Prairie and Forest Bands from northern Illinois and southern Wisconsin went to Council Bluffs in southwest Iowa; and the Potawatomi of the Woods (Michigan and Indian bands) were relocated to eastern Kansas near Osawatomie. In 1846 the two groups merged and were placed on a single reservation north of Topeka. Arguments over allotment and citizenship led to their separation in 1867. The Citizen Potawatomi left for Oklahoma and settled near present-day Shawnee. Most of their lands were lost to allotment in 1889. The Prairie Potawatomi stayed in Kansas and still have a reservation. Several Potawatomi groups avoided removal and remained in the Great Lakes."
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Native American Influence on American English, 2007.
An analysis of the history of certain American English words that have their roots in Native-American languages.
2,938 words (approx. 11.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the influence of Native-American languages on American English. It begins by discussing the variety, origin and roots of Native-American languages. It then discusses early contact between settlers and Native-Americans and the evidence that has been found to suggest that American English was influenced by this contact, particularly the names of places names that were named after the tribes that occupied the location.
Table of Contents:
The Lumbee
What Does this Mean for Native American Words in American English?
From the Paper
"In conclusion, tribal languages are typically spoken only in places where tribal members are isolated. However, it is doubtful if there are any areas left where the tribal language is spoken exclusively. Typically the tribal language exists alongside English. As the number of native speakers diminishes, so does the usage of that language until it is eventually extinguished. This has been the fate of many native languages. The remnants that remain in American English are testimony to their existence. In some cases they are one of the last remaining references to their existence. The study of native American words in the English language gives us a glimpse into many ancient languages that are long forgotten and can give us clues to the cultures of these people as well. The study of Native language remnants is a testimony to the tribes and peoples that once represented the dominant culture in North America."
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Native American Culture, 2002.
A review of the book, ?Myths That Hide The American Indian" by Oliver La Farge, and a study of the cultural contributions of Native American tribes to North America.
895 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the societal structures of the various Native American tribes as seen in the book, ?Myths That Hide The American Indian" by Oliver La Farge. It describes the tremendous contributions of numerous Native American tribes in art, poetry, governmental structure and customs. The paper explores the European settlers? impact on the Native American people.
From the Paper
"An aspect of the essay that I found very interesting was the societal structures of the various Tribes. The tribes of the Southeast Mississippi Valley region were among the most advanced tribes in North America; in particular the Natchez tribe which had an elaborate social system. The social system of this tribe was divided into two groups; the aristocracy referred to as Suns and the common people called Stinkers. Within this system the common people could wed whomever they wanted but the aristocracy could only marry outside of their social group and the offspring would become a part of the aristocracy. This social system, as elaborate as it was, did create a problem because it decreased greatly the number of Stinkers within the tribe. To combat this the Natchez tribe would capture, torture, and enslave foreigners and if they survived they would become Stinkers in doing this they were able to perpetuate this social system."
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Native Americans, 2004.
This paper discusses the past history and present condition of Native American tribes.
1,140 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Native American tribes lost sovereignty over their lands, which were considered sacred to them, because the colonists and, later, the U.S. wanted the valuable resources on the land and needed the space for their own populous growth. The author explains that the constant uphill battle to gain independence has led to many Native Americans feeling abandoned by the government as they try to improve their reservations and preserve their history and ancestors? way of life. The paper relates that there are very few present day ?heroes? for a young Native American growing up in a poverty-stricken area of a struggling reservation.
From the Paper
"Native American communities not only struggle with high levels of unemployment and poverty, but are also affected by alcoholism, depression, obesity, and other health and mental health related issues that far exceed any other minority in the United States. This is startling to imagine that a whole community of people is affected by such difficulties, solely because they are unable to gain their own independence. Some may argue that there are other factors that contribute to these facts, but it is a vicious circle, enabled by a system of government that is more interested in their own economic gains and livelihood."
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Native American Captivity, 2002.
Discusses the way several American women survived captivity among Native American tribes and their subsequent writings on their experiences.
813 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how Mary Rowlandson, Hannah Dustin, and Mary Jamison, were each in their own way, able to cope with their captivity. The paper discusses whether the captivity strengthened their understanding of Native Americans. It also looks at why some captives were treated harshly and others as family or tribal members. In addition, the paper explores why Native Americans took captives.
From the Paper
"The story of Mary Jamison?s capture is quite different from the other women?s experiences. Mary Jamison was taken captive by the Shawnee tribe while she was still a teenager. Her family was killed and the tribe adopted her as their own. Jamison actually became a part of the tribe and took a husband and had children. Jamison coped with her captivity by assimilating into the tribe that held her captive. Her ability to be a part of the tribe allowed her to cope with the loss of her family and her captivity."
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The Native-American Plight, 2007.
A discussion of the history of European dominance and Native-American suppression in the United States.
5,373 words (approx. 21.5 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 132.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the Native-American population is one of the most marginalized groups in American society. The paper relates that the government has treated the Native-American population as a separate and sovereign nation within the borders of the United States, while at the same time reducing their power and preventing it from thriving even in limited circumstances. The paper points out that any discussion of Native-Americans must recognize the variety of tribes in different parts of the country and the social and cultural elements that link them in opposition to the white society that pushed the Native-American out of one region after another. The paper concludes that the plight of the Native-American remains precarious as their culture is undermined and altered even today.
Outline:
Introduction
Early Period
Pre-Civil War
Twentieth Century
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The Europeans were surprised at the mode of life of the Native Americans even as they saw that lifestyle to be antithetical to their own. For one thing, as shown in writings by the Europeans, they were consistent in their amazement at the personal liberty of the Indians and especially their freedom from rules and social classes based on the ownership of property, forces which governed the lives of the Europeans. This fact points to one difference between Europeans and Native Americans--Europeans "owned" property and saw the land as something to be possessed, while the Native Americans lived with nature and did not try to own it. The Indians used their resources for survival, while the Europeans sought more than this and developed a broad-based trade that depended on exploiting resources, including exploiting them for products they could sell to their home countries. Much of the history of the New World involved a clash between these values, with Europeans pushing the Indians off their land in order to exploit the resources and to assert ownership, as if God had given them the right to do this."
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The Acculturation of the Native-American Indian, 2006.
A look at the social and emotional difficulties Native-Americans encounter as a result of their acculturation into American society.
1,432 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the damage done to the Native-American people as a result of the efforts by the American government to replace the Native-American culture with the dominant white culture. The paper discusses the problems associated with confinement to reservations, limited access to a culturally sensitive educational environment and the unique legal position that Native-American tribes hold. The paper also briefly looks at how the tribal gaming and casino business has helped bring economic prosperity and self-sufficiency to the the Native-American tribes.
From the Paper
"All individuals, especially during the years from adolescence to early adulthood must come to terms with one's identity and the society in which they live. The process is frequently difficult and complex. For the Native American, especially the youth, it poses greater difficulty and complexity. They often feel pulled in different directions by two different cultures, including one, which has often to fail to accept them. The impact of United States culture and the combination of acculturation, pluralism, frequent segregation has produced results such as disorganized family life, geographic isolation created by remote reservations, educational deficiencies, alcoholism, to name a few."
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Native-American and Chinese Culture, 2004.
A comparison of Native American and Chinese culture.
3,175 words (approx. 12.7 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 91.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a comparison and contrast of the Native American culture with the Chinese culture. The paper claims that there are several similarities. "Native American" and "Chinese" are all-encompassing descriptive terms of the many different tribes and dynasties of each culture. Both cultures have rich, meaningful customs that are still passed on today, unlike many ethnic groups that have lost some of their culture due to the changing times. The paper contends that Chinese and Native Americans still believe in their own form of mythology. The paper discusses the social, political, and economical aspects of these two cultures.
Outline
I. Introduction
a. Two Richly Historic Societies
II. Social
a. Native-American Creation
b. Birth of Chinese Culture
c. Compare and Contrast
III. Political
a. Native-American Politics
b. Chinese Political Systems
c. Compare and Contrast
IV. Economic
a. Early Native-American Economy
b. The Start of Chinese Economics
c. Compare and Contrast
V. Conclusion
From the Paper
"Throughout their history, Native-Americans have been historic people of change. Food discovered and domesticated by Native-Americans would transform the diet of the incoming settlers and not just the offering that has been made famous as the "First Thanksgiving." Native-Americans also made many important contributions to modern medicine, art, architecture, and ecology. It is not widely taught but during the thousands of years preceding European contact, the Native-American people developed ingenious and creative cultures. They harvested plants for food, dyes, medicines, and textiles. They hunted and domesticated animals. They also established extensive patterns of trade which helped them build cities, "produce monumental architecture, developed intricate systems of religious beliefs; and constructed a wide variety of systems of social and political organization ranging from kin-based bands and tribes to city-states and confederations" (Mintz, 2003)."
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Native Americans, 2004.
An examination and comparison of two Native American tribes, the Cherokee and the Blackfoot.
1,158 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper briefly explores the cultural differences between the Cherokee and the Blackfoot in relation to sex and gender. It looks at their attitudes towards a woman's role in the family, education, the duty of the husband and wife to reproduce, and discusses how their cultures were also affected by exterior forces.
From the Paper
"Many Native American Indians maintained a gender division of labor and social roles ?long before the arrival of Europeans on the North American continent (Hill, 1995).? These tribes varied in how they viewed the importance of women. Most tribes, such as the Cherokee, kept a division of labor and social roles, while encouraging ?each person to value the opposite gender as an integral part of the whole-the family, clan and tribe (Hill, 1995).? Most women were valued for their ability to reproduce and their ritualistic knowledge. As the woman aged, her status in the tribe increased. The elders of the tribe, both men and women, were mainly responsible for educating the youth. Women were held in high regard by the Cherokee and tribal law stated ?the penalty for killing a woman was double that for killing a man because of the children she might have borne (unknown, 1998).? "
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American Indian Tribes, 2008.
Discusses the meaning of sovereign powers to American Indian tribes.
4,245 words (approx. 17.0 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 112.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that today the American Indian tribes are believed to have sovereign powers, which can be characterized as independent from both the federal and state governments. Therefore, they are considered to be a nation within a nation under the current American legal system. The writer points out that there are, however, limitations to the tribes' jurisdiction. The paper concludes that, as evidenced by the stand off at Wounded Knee and numerous other historical events, it is clear that Native-American Indians desire real authority over their own relations amongst themselves and perceive themselves as degraded by the lack of full sovereignty.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Challenges of Native American Sovereignty
Wounded Knee
Conclusion: The Future of Native American Sovereignty
From the Paper
"In the end, the events at Wounded Knee were exceedingly far more traumatic for Native American Indians in this country than it was for the white American population. The Wounded Knee incident was a direct result of the near-century long inability for Native Americans to come to an agreement with the majority population on the issue of sovereignty within their lands. The form of tribal government that had been granted to the Natives was thus not efficient in solving problems on reservations."
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Native Americans and Western Expansion, 2006.
A discussion regarding Native Americans, Western expansion and government involvement.
675 words (approx. 2.7 pages), 3 sources, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how when When American pioneers crossed the Mississippi River more than a century-and-a-half ago and began to settle in the Southern Plains, they encountered the Comanches, who dominated this region in the mid-nineteenth-century because they were one of the first Native American tribes to acquire horses from the Spanish and one of the few to breed them to any extent. The paper further discusses that because Comanche horsemen had become so highly skilled, they set the pattern of equestrian nomadism that was so characteristic of the Plains Indians in the nineteenth century, and made possible the pervasive buffalo culture of most Native American tribes.
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Literature on Native American History, 2002.
An analysis and comparison on two works relating to Native American history.
2,456 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses and compares "The Treaty of Canandaigua 1794: 200 Years of Treaty Relations between the Iroquois Confederacy and the United States" by G. Peter Jemison and Anna M. Schein and James Wilson?s "The Earth Shall Weep: A History of Native America". The paper shows that "The Treaty of Canandaigua" provides an in-depth analysis of the treaty and its effects on both the Native American and European population of the United States, while "The Earth Shall Weep" encompasses the lives and history of many diverse Native American tribes, over almost their entire known history.
From the Paper
"Interestingly, James Wilson is not a Native American, and yet he writes The Earth Shall Weep as if he were. Wilson's analysis is clearly written outside of the Eurocentric, Christian view that has dominated the world stage for so long. As such, Wilson's review of Native American history is fresh and inviting. He manages to create a somewhat balanced overview of the indigenous North American population, while never idealizing or demonizing their culture. As such, Wilson's somewhat detached viewpoint works wonders in this lengthy (480 page) work by creating a book that is both instructive and balanced.
This balance is especially refreshing give the tendency of many books on native American culture to be written either from a dry, academic standpoint, or from a somewhat naive and idealistic viewpoint of indigenous North American culture. Wilson's book gives a useful review of Native American history without falling prey to the either extreme of analysis. As such, the book is engaging and readable, without being overbearing or exclusionist in its point of view."
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Alternative Sexualities in Native Americans, 2008.
A discussion on how reading Hugh Dempsey's chapter "
They Acted Like Women" from "The Vengeful Wife and Other Blackfoot Stories" changes our understanding of alternative sexualities in Native Americans.
2,225 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
The paper examines Chapter 5 of Hugh Dempsey's work "The Vengeful Wife and Other Blackfoot Stories" and how changes our perception of homosexuality in Native American tribes. The paper relates that this chapter, entitled "They Acted Like Women", dispels many myths and stereotypes and gives the reader a better understanding of the underlying causes of the various gender roles in Native American society. The paper concludes that Dempsey makes the Westernized reader step out of their world and out of their own biases. He allows the reader to explore gender differences from a much different perspective than other western authors
Outline:
Gender and Gender Roles
Towards an Egalitarian Society
Biology or Sociology?
From the Paper
"Native American culture is much more flexible in its interpretation of lifestyle variations. The focus of Native American society was on the roles that a person played within he tribe and daily activities, than on sexual behavior. Dempsey explores some of the various roles and examples of men and women that deviated from the norm. Native American society allowed for a definition of gender that was neither male nor female, yet encompassed the roles of both at the same time.
"Dempsey examines the variations of gender roles that existed within Native American society. His exploration makes us realize that there are many more ways to define gender roles than our limited Western vocabulary allows. "Berdache" is the word used to describe individuals of a definitive physiological sex who take on the status and role of the opposite sex (Dempsey, 2003). There are a number of sexual preferences out of the norm that fall into this category. This category encompasses homosexuals, transvestites, or simply one who shows strong characteristics of the opposite sex."
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Native-American Literature and Race Relations, 2008.
This paper discusses a number of Native-American short stories relating to the themes of culture, dignity and self-respect.
1,180 words (approx. 4.7 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 40.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the themes of culture, dignity and self-respect in Native-American short stories. "Borders" by Thomas King, for example, is a short story about a mother and a boy who belong to the Blackfoot tribe living on a Canadian reservation. The story is told from the boy's perspective and is a remembrance of an experience he and his mother endured while trying to cross the border between Canada and the United States. Other stories analyzed within this paper include "How to Write the Great American Indian Novel" by Sherman Alexie, "Captivity" by Lousie Erdrich, "Captivity" by Lousie Erdrich and "Indian Boarding School: The Runaways" by Lousie Erdrich.
From the Paper
"To analyze 'How to Write the Great American Indian Novel' by Sherman Alexie, it is important to understand the term 'horse culture' because it is a metaphor mentioned throughout the piece time and time again. The term horse culture is metaphorically used to sarcastically imply a superior culture--stronger, braver, more prosperous, and more beautiful.
"The term 'half-breed' is also used over and over again. The author mentions that the hero should be a half-breed--half white, and half Indian. This implies that being half white makes the Native American look less ethic, more commercially appealing, more acceptable as a human being to the dominant white culture. The author further brings this message home by saying that the Indian woman '...should be compared to nature: brown hills, mountains, fertile valleys, dewy grass, wind, and clear water.' Here he is trying to emphasize a Caucasian commercialized perception of a beautiful Native American woman--something from Disney's Pocahontas--not a real woman."
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